2024高考第一次模擬卷-英語(yǔ)（新高考I卷1）（全解全析版）

2024年高考英語(yǔ)第一次模擬考試（新高考I卷）01

高三英語(yǔ)

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatwillthemandoatseveno'clocktomorrowevening?

A.Phonethewoman.B.Attendameeting.C.Havesupper.

【答案】c

【原文】

W:Filcallyouuptomorroweveningtodiscusstheplan.Lefsmakeitseveno'clock.

M:I'msorry,butI'llattendameetingatfouro'clock.Andwe'llbehavingdinneratthattime.

2.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforadozenredrosesnow?

A.15dollars.B.17dollars.C.20dollars.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Oh,somanykindsofroses.Howmucharetheredroses?

W:Wealwayssellthemat20dollarsadozen,butnowIcangiveyoua15percentdiscount.

3.Whendidthewomanwanttobeawriter?

A.Whenshewasakid.

B.Whensheworkedatabookstore.

C.Whenshehadsomebookspublished.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Linda,whatreallymadeyouwanttobecomeawriter?

W:IalwayslovedreadingbookswhenIwassmall.AftergraduatingIgotajobatachildren's

bookstore.ThatwaswhenIfirststartedthinkingaboutmakingbooks.NowIhaveseveralbooks

published.

4.Wheredoesthesmellprobablycomefrom?

A.Thekitchen.B.Thebedroom.C.Thelivingroom.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Darling,Ismellsomethingburning.

W:Oh,dear.Iforgottoturnoffthegas.

M:We'reluckythatyoudidn'tsetthewholehouseonfire.

W:Iknow!Iwascookingwhenthetelephoneinthelivingroomrang.

5.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Canyoutellmewhatthiswordis?

W:Letmetakealook!Thesewordsarebeingprintedsmallerandsmaller,aren'tthey?

M:Absolutelyright.Icanhardlygetthroughthisnewspaper.Honey,wherearemyglasses?

W:Ourdaughterputtheminthestudybeforeshewenttowork

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題

將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6.WhatisthewomangoingtodoonSaturdayafternoon?

A.Gotoafestival.B.Takeapart-timejob.C.Meetherfriends.

7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?

A.Inafactory.B.Inacompany.C.Inasupermarket.

【答案】6.B7.A

【原文】

M:Hi,Mary.AreyougoingtotheculturefestivalonSaturday?

W:No,Ican't.Ihaveapart-timejobintheafternoons.Howaboutyou?

M:Ican't,either.Iworkpart-time,too.

W:Thatsoundstiring.WhatdoyouusuallydoonSaturdaynights?

M:Uh,Iusuallymeetmyfriendswhoworkinacompany.Whataboutyou?

W:Pmusuallyprettytiredafterworkinginthisfactory.

M:Sowhatdoyoudoafteryoufinishworkhere?

W:Ijustrelaxathomeintheevening.IgetupearlyonSundays,dothecleaningandgotoasupermarket.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?

A.Ohio.B.Birmingham.C.LosAngeles.

9.Howlongwillthewomanstaythere?

A.Twodays.B.Threedays.C.Twoweeks.

10.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?

A.Waitingfortheirfriends.B.Visitingseveralplacesofinterest.C.Spendingaholiday.

【答案】8.B9.B10.C

【原文】

M:Somanypeople.Isitsocrowdedhereallthetime?

W:I'mnotsure.Actually,thisismyfirsttimehere.

M:Me,too.Ithinkthisisagreatplaceforaholiday.Whereareyoufrom?

W:Ohio.Howaboutyou?

M:TmfromBirmingham,England.

W:Howlongwillyoustayhere?

M:Forabouttwoweeks.IhavebeentoLosAngeles.IwanttovisitHouston,too.I'llprobablyvisitthat

cityonMonday.

W:Ah,itlookslikeyouarehavingagreattime.

M:Yes,Iam.Howlongwillyoustayhere?

W:Tilstayherefor3days.Mykidshavewantedtocometothiscityforalongtime.

M:That'sgreat.

W:Myfriendiswaitingforme.IhopeyouenjoyyourstayinAmerica.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至14題。

11.Whoneedstobenursedintheman'sfamily?

A.Hiswife.B.Hismom.C.Hiskid.

12.Whyissomeoneinherfortiespreferable?

A.Shelikestakingcareofoldpeople.

B.Shecanlivewiththeman'smother.

C.Sheismorepatientandexperienced.

13.Howmuchisalive-innursingworker5smonthlysalaryatleast?

A.3,400dollars.B.4,300dollars.C.5,000dollars.

14.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?

A.Checktheworkers.B.Filloutaform.C.Meetanursingworker.

【答案】11.B12.C13.A14.B

【原文】

W:Goodmorning.WhatcanIdoforyou?

M:Well,Iamlookingforanursingworkertotakecareofmymother.Sheneedslong-timehelp.

W:Doyouneedalive-inoronethatonlycomesduringtheday?

M:Onethatlivesinwouldbeperfect.Wehaveaplaceforhertostay.Myjobrequiresmetotraveloften

andIworklateaswell.Mywifeisverybusy,too.

W:Doyouhaveanyrequestforherage?

M:Someoneinherfortieswouldbepreferable.Sheismorepatientandunderstandingwithmuch

experienceintakingcareofoldpeople.

W:Noproblem.Ihavetakenitalldown.

M:Howaboutthesalary?

W:Thesalarywillbehigher,atleast3,400dollarsamonth.Someonemightget4,300dollarsamonth.But

theydon'tgetmorethan5,000dollarsunlesstheyhavesomemedicalskills.

M:Thatsoundsreasonable.WhendoIseeher?

W:Youwillhearfrommeinaweek.Wewillarrangethat.Nowpleasefilloutthisform.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15至17題。

15.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Howtolearnalanguagewell.

B.Whenthecoursewillbefinished.

C.Whichcoursetheyshouldtake.

16.Whatmightthewomando?

A.Takeanadvancedclass.B.Getaprivatetutor.C.Getapart-timejob.

17.Whoarethespeakersprobably?

A.ForeignstudentsinChina.B.OverseasChinesestudents.C.ExperiencedChineselearners.

【答案】15.A16.C17.A

【原文】

W:I'vebeenmeaningtoaskyouwhatyouaregoingtodowhenourChinesecourseisfinished.

M:Idon'tknow.IthinkImighttakeamoreadvancedclass.

W:Oh,isthereachanceofyoudoingthat?

M:Maybe,butI'mnotquitesure.IfIdon'ttakeamoreadvancedclass,Imaygetaprivatetutor.Whatdo

youthinkIshoulddo?

W:Well,Idon'tknow.Asforme,apart-timejobwillbebeneficialtomyChinesestudy.

M:Practiceindailylifecanmakethelanguagemorelively.

W:Yes,inthatcase,IcancommunicatewiththelocalChinesespeakerstoimprovemyChinese.

M:Thafsinteresting.Willyoureallydothatway?

W:Yes,Ifeelitmakessense.IcanhaveachancetopracticeChineseinthecompanywhereIwork

part-time.

M:Iwouldliketojoinyou,ifitisconvenient,pleasefillintheapplicationformforme,too.

W:Withpleasure.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatdidthewoman'sfatherthinkofherplan?

A.Itwasafantasticidea.B.Itwasn'tsuitableforher.C.Itwasn'taninterestingsport.

19.Howdidthewomanfeelbeforethemarathonstarted?

A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Painful.

20.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'sfather?

A.Heoffendedherdaughteralittle.

B.Heknewhisdaughterverymuch.

C.Hepromisedtohelphisdaughtertrain.

【答案】18.B19.A20.B

【原文】

W:Mysenioryearofcollegeseemedaperfecttimetorunmyfirstmarathon.Attheageoftwenty-one,I

hadalreadycompletedafewhalf-marathons.Ihadtheblindoptimismofyouth.

WhenItoldmydad,alifelongrunner,ofmyplan,herepliedthatmarathonsaren'tforme.Whata

shame!IsaidtomyselfasIbegantraininginJuly.IbegantodoubtmyselfonlywhenIfeltextremelytired

duringaparticularlyhillytwenty-two-miletrainingruninthehotweather.Themarathontookplaceona

perfectNovemberday.ThoughIstartedoutpromisinglyandconfidently,Icouldn'tkeepupwithmy

runningpartners.Closetothetwenty-milemarkIfeltasharppaininmyknee.Myfriendjoinedmeforthe

lastpart,toofferencouragement.

Ifinishedwithatimejustoverfivehours.AtthefinishlineIwalkedslowlytowardmyfatherandfell

intohishug,nolongeroffendedbyhisstatement.Fromthenon,Irealizedthatmarathonsarenotfor

everyone.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Manylibrariesaroundtheworldareasamazingintheirarchitectureandorganizationastheyarein

thehugeamountofknowledgetheycontain.Withshelvesandshelvesofbooks,variouscollectionsand

amazinghistoricalandculturaldisplays,thereareplentyofundiscoveredwonders.

BeineckeRareBookLibrary（NewHaven,Connecticut）

YaleUniversityhasoneofthemostbeautifulcollegecampusesinAmerica,andoneofitsmost

interestingfeaturesistheBeineckeRareBookLibrary.Itisoneofthelargestbuildingsintheworld

devotedtorarebooksandmanuscripts（手稿）offamouspeople.From2015-16thelibrarybuildingwas

closedfor18monthsformajorimprovement.Insidethereisastatueofitsmainfounderthatrisesuphigh.

VenneslaLibrary（Vennesla,Norway）

LocatednearthesouthernmosttipofNorway,VenneslaLibraryismorethanacollectionof

books——ifsacityculturalcenterandmeetingplace.Thebuildinghostsacoffeeshop,openmeetingspaces,

classroomsforchildrenandadulteducationcourses,andacinema.Itismainlybuiltoutofwood.Thelong,

thinbeams（橫梁）ontheinsideweredesignedtolookliketheinsideofawhale.

SuzzalloLibrary（Seattle）

AmongthemanybeautifulfeaturesofthecampusattheUniversityofWashington,suchasitscherry

flowersandalightrailstation,SuzzalloLibrarywasbuiltintheCollegiateGothicstyle.Itsbuttresses（扶

壁）aredecoratedwith18statuesfeaturingfamousacademicsandwriterssuchasPlato,Shakespeare,

LeonardodaVinci,Dante,Galileo,Beethoven,IsaacNewtonandCharlesDarwin.

LibraryofMuyinga（Muyinga,Burundi）

Aschoolfordeafchildren,theLibraryofMuyingainBurundiwasbuiltwithlocaltechniquesand

traditions.Aropehammock（吊床）thathangsbetweenthefirstandsecondfloorsofthelibraryservesas

partofthechildren'sreadingroom,agreatplaceforindooractivities.

Moreinformationofthemisjustaclickaway.

21.Whichlibraryissuitableforpeoplewhowanttoappreciatestatues?

A.BeineckeRareBookLibrary.B.VenneslaLibrary.

C.SuzzalloLibrary.D.LibraryofMuyinga.

22.WhatmakesVenneslaLibrarydifferentfromothers?

A.Itismainlyintendedforchildren.B.Itisbuiltintheshapeofawhale.

C.Itislocatedwithinthecampus.D.Itisakindofculturecomplex.

23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.AculturemagazineB.Atravelbrochure.

C.Awebsite.D.Ahistoricalbook.

【答案】21.C22.D23.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)圖書(shū)館的相關(guān)情況。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SuzzalloLibrary(Seattle)部分中“Itsbuttresses(扶壁)aredecoratedwith18statues

featuringfamousacademicsandwriterssuchasPlato,Shakespeare,LeonardodaVinci,Dante,Galileo,

Beethoven,IsaacNewtonandCharlesDarwin.(它的扶壁上裝飾著18尊著名學(xué)者和作家的雕像，如柏

拉圖、莎士比亞、達(dá)?芬奇、但丁、伽利略、貝多芬、艾薩克?牛頓和查爾斯?達(dá)爾文。廠可知，想要

欣賞雕像的人適合去Suzzallo圖書(shū)館。故選C項(xiàng)。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VenneslaLibrary(Vennesla,Norway)部分中“Locatednearthesouthernmosttipof

Norway,VenneslaLibraryismorethanacollectionofbooks-ifsacityculturalcenterandmeeting

place.(Vennesla圖書(shū)館位于挪威最南端附近，它不僅僅是一個(gè)藏書(shū)館，還是一個(gè)城市文化中心和會(huì)

議場(chǎng)所。）”可知，Vennesla圖書(shū)館與其他圖書(shū)館的不同之處在于，它不僅僅是一個(gè)藏書(shū)館，還是一

個(gè)城市文化中心和會(huì)議場(chǎng)所。由此可知，Vennesla圖書(shū)館是一個(gè)文化綜合體，這有別于其他圖書(shū)館。

故選D項(xiàng)。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Moreinformationofthemisjustaclickaway.（只要點(diǎn)擊就可以了解更

多信息）”可知，文章可能出自一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。故選C項(xiàng)。

B

Ifyouask100peoplewhatsubjectstheywishtheyhadbeentaughtinschool,thereisachancethat

thevastmajorityofthemwillcomplainaboutthelackofpersonalfinanceeducation.Inmycase,Idid

learnabitaboutfinancingwhileinschool——justnotintheclassroom.Oneofmyearliestlessonsonthe

basicsofbudgetingcamefromanunlikelysource:thecafeteria.

Mylunchbudgetwasasetamounteachweek.Withoutaplan,itwouldbealltooeasytoblow

throughthebudgetlongbeforemeetingallexpenses.Therefore,myveryfirstbudgetinglessonwasto

makeabudgetwell.Abitofsimplearithmetic（算術(shù)）helpedmedetermineexactlyhowmuchmoneyI

couldspendeachdayifIwantedtoactuallyhavelunchallweek.

Besides,myschoolhadrelativelydiverselunchofferings.Youcouldnotonlygetthecommonhot

schoollunchbutalsofindmanyotherfoodsofvaryingattractions.AsfarasIwasconcerned,what

attractedmemostwastheicecream.Unfortunately,Icouldn'tblowmydailylunchbudgetonice

cream.AndI'dalreadyfiguredoutthatsplurgingearlyintheweekmadeforaroughtimefortherestof

theweek.Hence,Ilearnedmysecondimportantbudgetinglesson:saveforagoal.Becauseofthislesson,

whenFridayrolledaround,Iwouldhavejustenoughleftoverforawonderfullunchandthehighly

desirableicecream.

Nowadays,mybudgetisabitmorecomplicatedthanthelunchbudgetinthepast.AlthoughIno

longerhavetosavemypenniesforafrozentreat,budgetingmymoneytodayusestheexactsameskillsI

learnedallthoseyearsago.Actually,whetheryou'rebudgetingforschoollunchesorcreditcardbills,the

basicsremainthesame.Andifsnevertooearly——ortoolate——tolearnhowtomakeaproperbudget.

24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorwhileshewasinschool?

A.Sheshowednointerestinfinancialaffairs.

B?Sheoftencomplainedaboutherschoolsubjects.

C.Shelearnedaboutfinancingfromherownexperience.

D.Sheeagerlyexpectedtogetpersonalfinanceeducation.

25.Whatdidtheauthorprobablyrealizeaftereatingatthecafeteria?

A.Sheshouldplanherlunchbudgetcarefully.

B.Herhealthmatteredmorethananythingelse.

C.Herbudgetforlunchwasfarfromreasonable.

D.Sheshouldimproveherarithmeticasmuchaspossible.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“splurging“inparagraph3mean?

A.Tryingtosavemoney.

B.Makingaplanformoney.

C.Spendingmuchmoneyfreely.

D?Beingconcernedaboutmoney.

27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Tointroducesomelessonsaboutmakingabudget.

B.Toencouragepeopletolearnsomebudgetingskills.

C.Tostressthesignificanceofsavingmoneyinourlife.

D.Toremindpeopletopayattentiontotheirlunchbudget.

【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)作者上學(xué)時(shí)在自助餐廳就餐的經(jīng)歷鼓勵(lì)人們學(xué)習(xí)一些做預(yù)算的

技巧。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Inmycase,Ididlearnabitaboutfinancingwhileinschool一justnotin

theclassroom.Oneofmyearliestlessonsonthebasicsofbudgetingcamefromanunlikelysource:the

cafeteria.（就我而言，我確實(shí)在學(xué)校里學(xué)到了一些理財(cái)知識(shí)，只是不是在課堂上。我最早的預(yù)算基

礎(chǔ)課程之一來(lái)自一個(gè)不太可能的地方：自助餐廳）”可知，作者在學(xué)校的時(shí)候從自己的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了

理財(cái)知識(shí)。故選C。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)第二段的"Therefbre,myveryfirstbudgetinglessonwastomakeabudgetwell.（因

此，我的第一堂預(yù)算課就是做好預(yù)算）”可知，在自助餐廳吃飯后，作者意識(shí)到應(yīng)該仔細(xì)計(jì)劃午餐預(yù)

算。故選A。

26.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Unfortunately,Icouldn'tblowmydailylunchbudgetonice

cream.（不幸的是，我不能把每天的午餐預(yù)算都花在冰淇淋上）"及下文"Hence,Ilearnedmysecond

importantbudgetinglesson:saveforagoal.（因此，我學(xué)到了第二個(gè)重要的預(yù)算知識(shí)：為目標(biāo)存錢）“可

知，劃線詞所在句子表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是“我已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一周的早些時(shí)候隨便花費(fèi)預(yù)算會(huì)讓這一周剩下的

時(shí)間過(guò)得很艱難。”由此可知，劃線詞意為“自由花費(fèi)金錢”。故選C。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段的"Actually,whetheryou'rebudgetingforschoollunchesorcreditcard

bills,thebasicsremainthesame.Andit'snevertooearly-ortoolate-tolearnhowtomakeaproper

budget.（實(shí)際上，無(wú)論你是為學(xué)校午餐做預(yù)算還是為信用卡賬單做預(yù)算，基本原理都是一樣的。學(xué)習(xí)

如何做一個(gè)合理的預(yù)算永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太早或太晚）”可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是鼓勵(lì)人們學(xué)習(xí)一些

預(yù)算技巧。故選B。

C

Animalappeartopredictearthquakesbysensingelectricityintheair-thefirststudytofindreliable

evidenceofthephenomenonhasshown.

Camerasrevealedan"amazing“dropinthenumberofanimalsupto23daysbeforeamajorquakehit

theirrainforesthomeatYanachagaNationalParkinPeru.LeadscientistDrRachelGrant,fromAnglia

RuskinUniversity,said,“Theresultsshowedthatjustbeforetheearthquake,animals9activitydropped

rightdown.^^

OnanormaldaythecamerasplacedaroundYanachagaNationalParkrecordbetween5and15

animals.Butinthe23daysbeforetheearthquake,thenumberofanimalsdroppedtofiveorfewerper

day.Noanimalswerephotographedatallonfiveofthesevendaysimmediatelybeforethequake.

Anotherstudyshowedthatanimalactivityremainednormalintheparkoveradifferentperiodwhen

seismic（地震的）activitywaslow.Co-author,professorFriedemannFreund,said,tuThecameraswere

locatedatanaltitudeof900meters.Ifairionizationoccurred,theanimalswouldescapetothevalley

below,wheretherewerefewerpositiveions（離子）.Withtheirabilitytosensetheirenvironment,animals

canhelpusunderstandsmallchangesthatoccurbeforemajorearthquakes.^^

Otherevidencesuggestedthatbeforetheearthquake,theairaroundthehighmountainsitesfilledwith

positiveionsthatcanbeproducedwhenrocksareplacedunderstress.Positiveionshavebeenknownto

causeilleffectsinhumansaswellasanimals.Scientistsbelievetheanimalsweremadetofeel

uncomfortablebythepositiveions,leadingthemtoavoidthearea.Theyarethoughttohaveescapedto

lowerground,wheretheairwaslessionized.Thefindingsmayhelpexpertsdevelopbettershort-term

seismicforecasts.

28.Howdidscientistsconductthestudy?

A.Bycomparingdifferentanimals,habits.

B.Byobservinganimalsinhighmountains.

C.Byexplainingthepositiveionphenomenon.

D.Byanalyzingimagesofanimalstheyobtained.

29.Whatcanbeinferredfromanimalactivitybeforeearthquakes?

A.Thegroundataloweraltitudeislessionized.

B.Camerasnormallyrecordmoreanimalsperday.

C.Earthquakewarningscanbedetectedinlowerplaces.

D.Theactivityofanimalsandearthquakesisconsistent.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Thefindingsmakeforaccurateseismicforecast.

B.Animalstendtobeuneasywithmorepositiveions.

C.Positiveionsmakehumansandanimalsdepressed.

D.Alltheanimalsremainabnormalbeforetheearthquake.

31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.NegativeInfluenceofPositiveIons.

B.Ions'DestructiontotheEnvironment.

C.Animals5BehaviorBeforeEarthquakes.

D.Creatures'AbilitytoPredictEarthquakes.

【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)有可靠證據(jù)的研究，動(dòng)物似乎通過(guò)感應(yīng)空氣中的電流來(lái)

預(yù)測(cè)地震?？茖W(xué)家通過(guò)攝像機(jī)記錄下地震前后捕捉到的動(dòng)物行為的變化證明了這一項(xiàng)研究的可靠性。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到"OnanormaldaythecamerasplacedaroundYanachagaNationalPark

recordbetween5and15animals.Butinthe23daysbeforetheearthquake,thenumberofanimalsdropped

tofiveorfewerperday.Noanimalswerephotographedatallonfiveofthesevendaysimmediatelybefore

thequake.（在平常的一天，放置在Yanachaga國(guó)家公園周圍的攝像機(jī)記錄了5到15只動(dòng)物。但在

地震前的23天，動(dòng)物的數(shù)量下降到每天5只或更少。在地震前的七天中，有五天根本沒(méi)有拍攝到任

何動(dòng)物）”可知，在地震前后攝像機(jī)捕捉到的動(dòng)物的圖像的數(shù)量是有所變化的。由此可知，科學(xué)家通

過(guò)分析他們獲得的動(dòng)物圖像進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究的。故選D。

29.推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到"Scientistsbelievetheanimalsweremadetofeeluncomfortableby

thepositiveions,leadingthemtoavoidthearea.Theyarethoughttohaveescapedtolowerground,where

theairwaslessionized.（科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，這些動(dòng)物被正離子弄得感覺(jué)不舒服，導(dǎo)致它們避開(kāi)該區(qū)域。

他們被認(rèn)為逃到了較低的地面，那里的空氣電離程度較低。廠可知，從地震前的動(dòng)物活動(dòng)中可以推

斷出海拔較低的地面電離程度較低。故選A。

30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段講到"Scientistsbelievetheanimalsweremadetofeeluncomfortableby

thepositiveions,leadingthemtoavoidthearea.（科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，這些動(dòng)物被正離子弄得感覺(jué)不舒服，導(dǎo)

致它們避開(kāi)該區(qū)域。廠可知，我們能從文章中了解到動(dòng)物往往對(duì)較多的正離子感到不安。故選B。

31.主旨大意題。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)有可靠證據(jù)的研究，動(dòng)物似乎通過(guò)感應(yīng)空氣中的電流來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)地震。

科學(xué)家通過(guò)攝像機(jī)記錄下地震前后捕捉到的動(dòng)物行為的變化證明了這一項(xiàng)研究的可靠性。文章第一

段講至U"Animalappeartopredictearthquakesbysensingelectricityintheair-thefirststudytofind

reliableevidenceofthephenomenonhasshown.（動(dòng)物似乎可以通過(guò)感知空氣中的電力來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)地震一這

是第一項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象可靠證據(jù)的研究。）”可知，C項(xiàng)“地震前動(dòng)物的行為”適合這篇文章的標(biāo)題。

故選C。

D

Manyrobotstrackobjectsby“sight“astheyworkwiththem,butoptical（視覺(jué)的）sensorscan'ttake

inanitem'sentireshapewhenit'sinthedarkorpartiallyblockedfromview.Nowanewlow-cost

techniqueletsarobotichand"fbel"anunfamiliarobject9sform-andskillfullyhandleitbasedonthis

informationalone.

Roboticist,XiaolongWanginUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoandhisteamwantedtofindoutif

complexcoordination（協(xié)'調(diào)）couldbeachievedinroboticsusingonlysimpletouchdata.Theresearcher

attached16contactsensors,eachcostingabout$12,tothepalmandfingersofafour-fingeredrobot

hand.Thesesensorssimplyindicateifanobjectistouchingthehandornot."Whileonesensordoesn't

catchmuch,alotofthemcanhelpyoucapturedifferentaspectsoftheobject/9Wangsays.Inthiscase,the

robofstaskwastorotate（旋轉(zhuǎn)）itemsplacedinitspalm.

Theresearchersfirstconnectedalargevolumeoftouchdataasavirtualrobothandpracticedrotating

objects,includingball.Usingbinarycontactinformation（"touch"or"notouch"）fromeachsensor,the

teambuiltacomputermodelthatdeterminesanobject9spositionateverystepofthehandlingprocessand

movesthefingerstorotateitsmoothlyandstably.

Nexttheytransferredthiscapabilitytooperatearealrobothand,whichsuccessfullymanipulated（操

縱）previouslyunencounteredobjectssuchasapples,tomatoes,soupcansandrubberducks.Transferring

thecomputermodeltotherealworldwasrelativelyeasybecausethebinarysensordataweresosimple;

themodeldidn'trelyonaccuratemeasurements.

Diggingintowhattherobothandperceives,Wangandhiscolleaguesfoundthatitcanre-createthe

entireobject?sformfromtouchdata,informingitsactions.Heandhisteamaresettopresentthier

handiworkataninternationalconferencecalledRobotics:ScienceandSystems.

NewYorkUniversity'sLerrelPinto,whostudiesrobots9interactionswiththerealworld,wonders

whetherthesystemwouldbecomelesseffectiveatmorecomplicatedtasksincludingopeningabottle

cap.Wang'sgroupaimstotacklemorecomplexmovementsinfutureworkaswellastoaddsensorsin

placessuchasthesidesofthefingers.Theresearcherswillalsotryaddingvisiontoimprovetouchdatafor

handlingcomplicatedshapes.

32.Whatmaycontributetotheineffectivenessoftheopticalsensors?

A.Poorvisibility.B.Blockedroads.

C.Complicatedtasks.D.Inaccuratecalculation.

33.Whatdoparagraphs3-4focuson?

A.Stimulatingtherobotfingerstomovetheitemssteadily.

B?Increasingtheprecisionoftouchoftherobothand.

C.Comparingthecomputerworldwiththerealcircumstances.

D.Testingiftouchinformationcanfacilitatetheformationoftheobjectshape.

34.WhatistheattitudeofLerrelPintotowardsthesystem?

A.Neutral.B.Suspicious.C.Favorable.D.Pessimistic.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Robotics:ScienceandSystem

B.NewRobotRotatesItemsSkillfully

C.NewRobotHandWorksbyFeel,NotSight

D.FromtheComputerModeltotheRealRobotHand

32.A33.D34.B35.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)新的低成本技術(shù)可以讓機(jī)器人手“感覺(jué)”一個(gè)不熟悉

的物體的形狀，并僅根據(jù)這些信息就能熟練地處理它。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的"Manyrobotstrackobjectsby"sight"astheyworkwiththem,butoptical

（視覺(jué)的）sensorscan'ttakeinanitem'sentireshapewhenit'sinthedarkorpartiallyblockedfrom

view.（許多機(jī)器人在處理物體時(shí)通過(guò)“視覺(jué)”來(lái)跟蹤物體，但是當(dāng)物體處于黑暗中或部分被遮擋在視線

之外時(shí)，光學(xué)傳感器無(wú)法捕捉到物體的整個(gè)形狀。）”可知，在黑暗中或者部分被遮擋在視線之外時(shí),

光學(xué)傳感器就捕捉不到物體的整個(gè)形狀，由此可知，能見(jiàn)度差會(huì)造成視覺(jué)傳感器不起作用。故選A

項(xiàng)。

33.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Usingbinarycontactinformation（"touch"or"notouch"）fromeach

sensor,theteambuiltacomputermodelthatdeterminesanobject'spositionateverystepofthehandling

processandmovesthefingerstorotateitsmoothlyandstably.（利用來(lái)自每個(gè)傳感器的二進(jìn)制接觸信息

（“觸摸”或“未觸摸”），該團(tuán)隊(duì)建立了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)模型，該模型可以在處理過(guò)程的每一步確定物體的位

置，并移動(dòng)手指以平穩(wěn)地旋轉(zhuǎn)物體。）”可知，研究者利用每個(gè)傳感器的接觸信息建立一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)模

型，來(lái)處理每一步確定物體的位置，并移動(dòng)手指旋轉(zhuǎn)物體，根據(jù)第四段中的“Nexttheytransferredthis

capabilitytooperatearealrobothand,whichsuccessfullymanipulated（操縱）previouslyunencountered

objectssuchasapples,tomatoes,soupcansandrubberducks.（接下來(lái)，他們將這種能力轉(zhuǎn)移到操作真正

的機(jī)器人手上，成功地操縱了以前從未遇到過(guò)的物體，如蘋果、西紅柿、湯罐和橡皮鴨。）”可知，

接下來(lái)，他們把這中能力轉(zhuǎn)移到真正的機(jī)器手上，并成功操縱了以前未遇到過(guò)得物體。由此可推斷，

這兩段重點(diǎn)介紹測(cè)試觸摸信息是否有助于機(jī)器手判斷物體形狀的形成。故選D項(xiàng)。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的"NewYorkUniversity'sLerrelPinto,whostudiesrobots'interactionswith

therealworld,wonderswhetherthesystemwouldbecomelesseffectiveatmorecomplicatedtasks

includingopeningabottlecap.（紐約大學(xué)的LerrelPinto研究機(jī)器人與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的互動(dòng)，他想知道這個(gè)

系統(tǒng)是否會(huì)在更復(fù)雜的任務(wù)中變得不那么有效，比如打開(kāi)瓶蓋。）”可知，LerrelPinto教授想知道在

更復(fù)雜的任務(wù)中，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)是否匯編的不那么有效，由此可知，LerrelPint。教授對(duì)該系統(tǒng)持懷疑的

態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Nowanewlow-costtechniqueletsarobotichand"feel"anunfamiliar

object'sform一andskillfullyhandleitbasedonthisinformationalone.（現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的低成本技術(shù)可以

讓機(jī)器人手“感覺(jué)”一個(gè)不熟悉的物體的形狀，并僅根據(jù)這些信息就能熟練地處理它。廠并結(jié)合下文

中對(duì)該新技術(shù)研發(fā)過(guò)程的介紹可知，本文主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)新的技術(shù)可以依靠“觸覺(jué)”來(lái)解決機(jī)器手

靠“視覺(jué)”產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題，所以本文的標(biāo)題為“憑感覺(jué)工作的新型機(jī)械手，而不是憑視覺(jué)”可以概括本文

的主題。故選C項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

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