2024年高二下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)之選擇性必修一重點(diǎn)單詞、單詞變形、短語(yǔ)、句型練習(xí)（人教版2019）（原卷版）

2024年高二下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)之選擇性必修一重點(diǎn)單詞、單詞變形、短語(yǔ)、句型練習(xí)一、重點(diǎn)單詞1.____________adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)的2.____________vt.&vi.(使)沸騰；煮開(kāi)；燒開(kāi)n.沸騰；沸點(diǎn)3.____________vi.&vt.堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求；堅(jiān)持說(shuō)4.____________adv.主要地；一般地5.____________vi.&vt.(fled，fled，fleeing)迅速離開(kāi)；逃跑6.____________n.[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況7.____________n.流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)vi.流；流動(dòng)8.____________n.理論；學(xué)說(shuō)9.____________n.教授10.____________n.短語(yǔ)；詞組11.____________vt.轉(zhuǎn)換；交換vi.&vt.(使)改變；轉(zhuǎn)變n.開(kāi)關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換器；改變12.____________adj.遠(yuǎn)程的；偏遠(yuǎn)的13.____________n.常規(guī)；正常順序adj.常規(guī)的；日常的14.____________adj.有關(guān)的；有意義的15.____________adj.可獲得的；可購(gòu)得的；(人)有空的16.____________vt.&n.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)17.____________adj.鄉(xiāng)村的；農(nóng)村的18.____________n.段；段落19.____________n.文章20.____________vt.明令禁止；取締n.禁令21.____________vi.打噴嚏n.噴嚏；噴嚏聲22.____________vi.延伸；延續(xù)vi.&vt.伸展；舒展24.____________vt.&vi.(swung，swung，swinging)(使)擺動(dòng)；搖擺；轉(zhuǎn)彎；(使)突然轉(zhuǎn)向25.____________adj.極佳的；卓越的26.____________n.展覽；陳列；展覽品vt.顯示；陳列27.____________adj.合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)?8.____________n.手勢(shì)；姿勢(shì)；姿態(tài)29.____________n.面頰；臉頰30.____________vi.鞠躬；點(diǎn)頭vt.低(頭)n.弓；蝴蝶結(jié)31.____________n.發(fā)生的事情；嚴(yán)重事件；沖突32.____________vt.&vi.(bent，bent，bending)(使)彎曲；傾斜；偏向n.彎；拐角33.____________adv.幾乎不；勉強(qiáng)才能；剛剛34.____________vi.盯著看；凝視n.凝視35.____________n.胸部；胸膛36.____________adv.只是；僅僅；只不過(guò)37.____________adv.最終；最后38.____________vt.克服；解決；戰(zhàn)勝39.____________vt.&vi.擴(kuò)大；增加vt.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))40.____________vt.估計(jì)；估價(jià)；估算n.估計(jì)；估算41.____________vt.包括；包含；由……組成42.____________n.泥土；土壤；國(guó)土；領(lǐng)土43.____________adj.城市的；都市的；城鎮(zhèn)的44.____________adj.分布廣的；普遍的；廣泛的45.____________vt.&vi.消化vt.領(lǐng)會(huì)；領(lǐng)悟n.摘要；文摘46.____________n.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的47.____________n.根；根莖；根部；根源二、重點(diǎn)單詞變形1.academyn.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；專(zhuān)科院?！鷂____________adj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的2.evaluatevt.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→_____________n.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估3.distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→_____________n.區(qū)別；差別4.apparentadj.顯而易見(jiàn)的；明顯的→_____________adv.顯而易見(jiàn)；看來(lái)；顯然5.gentleadj.溫柔的；文靜的→_____________adv.輕輕地；溫柔地6.gradualadj.逐漸的→_____________adv.逐漸地；逐步地7.remarkv.&n.談?wù)摚辉u(píng)論→_____________adj.非凡的；顯著的→_____________adv.驚人地8.distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；疏遠(yuǎn)的；心不在焉的→_____________n.距離9.automaticadj.自動(dòng)的→_____________adv.無(wú)意識(shí)地；自動(dòng)地10.prefervt.更喜歡；偏好→_____________n.愛(ài)好；偏愛(ài)11.constantadj.不斷的；重復(fù)的；不變的n.常數(shù)；常量→_____________adv.始終；一直12.predictvt.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)言；預(yù)料→_____________n.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)言13.opposevt.反對(duì)；抵制；阻撓→_____________adj.反對(duì)的→_____________adj.對(duì)面的；相反的n.對(duì)立的人(或物)；對(duì)立面prep.在……對(duì)面14.resistvi.&vt.抵制；反抗；抵擋→_____________n.抵制；反對(duì)；抗拒15.accurateadj.精確的；準(zhǔn)確的→_____________n.精確，準(zhǔn)確16.visibleadj.看得見(jiàn)的；可見(jiàn)的→_____________adj.看不見(jiàn)的17.prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止→_____________n.禁止；阻止；禁令18.appealvi.有吸引力；呼吁；懇求；上訴n.吸引力；呼吁；上訴；請(qǐng)求→_____________adj.有吸引力的；懇求的19.fashionn.時(shí)尚；時(shí)興；流行款式→_____________adj.流行的；時(shí)髦的20.cyclen.自行車(chē)；摩托車(chē)；循環(huán)vi.騎自行車(chē)→_____________n.騎自行車(chē)的人21.approvevi.贊成；同意vt.批準(zhǔn)；通過(guò)→_____________n.贊成；通過(guò)；同意；批準(zhǔn)→_____________adj.贊許的；許可的22.employvt.使用；應(yīng)用；雇用→_____________n.雇用；使用→_____________n.雇主；老板→_____________n.雇工；雇員→_____________adj.失業(yè)的23.differvi.相異；不同于→_____________adj.不同的→_____________n.不同；差異24.favourvt.較喜歡；選擇；有利于n.幫助；恩惠；贊同→_____________adj.贊成的；有利的25.relyvi.依賴(lài)；依靠→_____________adj.可靠的；可信賴(lài)的26.slightadj.輕微的；略微的；細(xì)小的→_____________adv.略微；稍微27.anxiousadj.焦急的，焦慮的→_____________n.焦慮；擔(dān)心；害怕28.adjustvt.調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)vi.&vt.適應(yīng)；(使)習(xí)慣→_____________n.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)→_____________adj.可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的29.reactvi.(對(duì)……)起反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)；(對(duì)食物等)有不良反應(yīng)→_____________n.反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)30.convincevt.使相信；使確信；說(shuō)服→_____________adj.令人信服的→_____________adj.確信的；堅(jiān)信的；堅(jiān)信不疑的31.conventionn.慣例；習(xí)俗→_____________adj.傳統(tǒng)的；習(xí)慣的32.expandvt.&vi.擴(kuò)大；增加vt.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))→_____________n.擴(kuò)大；膨脹33.realadj.真實(shí)的→_____________vt.實(shí)現(xiàn)；意識(shí)到→_____________n.現(xiàn)實(shí)；實(shí)際情況；事實(shí)34.extendv.使延長(zhǎng)；擴(kuò)大→_____________n.擴(kuò)建部分；擴(kuò)大；電話(huà)分機(jī)35.pooradj.貧窮的→_____________adv.糟糕地；不適→_____________n.貧窮；貧困三、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.__________________________承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)2.__________________________堅(jiān)決要求3.__________________________(正常使用造成的)磨損；損耗4.__________________________總結(jié)；概括5.__________________________為……做出貢獻(xiàn)6.__________________________憑借；利用7.__________________________豎立起來(lái)8.__________________________某人無(wú)法控制9.__________________________出于對(duì)……的熱愛(ài)10.__________________________由于11.__________________________偶然12.__________________________關(guān)/開(kāi)(電燈、機(jī)器等)13.__________________________著火14.__________________________記錄15.__________________________(與……)保持聯(lián)系；了解(某課題或領(lǐng)域的情況)16.__________________________與……閑逛17.__________________________一方面……另一方面……18.__________________________使某人安心19.__________________________日常生活20.__________________________在行進(jìn)中；在移動(dòng)中21.__________________________出發(fā)；啟程；(懷著目標(biāo))開(kāi)始工作22.__________________________依靠……生活；以吃……為生23.__________________________有吸引力；有感染力；呼吁；上訴；打動(dòng)24.__________________________達(dá)到(某數(shù)量、程度等)；直到；不多于；(體力或智力上)能勝任；由……決定25.__________________________展覽26.__________________________對(duì)……熟悉27.__________________________遺留；丟棄；把……拋在后面28.__________________________相比之下29.__________________________(與……)相比較30.__________________________消除；分解；打破31.__________________________直起來(lái)；整理；收拾整齊32.__________________________換句話(huà)說(shuō)；也就是說(shuō)33.__________________________(短暫地)訪問(wèn)；要求(某人講話(huà)等)；正式邀請(qǐng)；呼吁34.__________________________有某種影響；在工作35.__________________________親吻某人的臉頰36.__________________________盯著；注視37.__________________________把……用于；獻(xiàn)身；致力；專(zhuān)心38.__________________________包括；包含；由……組成(或構(gòu)成)39.__________________________在內(nèi)心深處；本質(zhì)上；實(shí)際上40.__________________________一個(gè)……的問(wèn)題41.__________________________相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流42.__________________________例如；比如43.__________________________遠(yuǎn)離；遠(yuǎn)非44.__________________________富于；有豐富的……四、重點(diǎn)句型1.句型：upon/on(doing)sth一……就……一聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他難以抑制心中的興奮，高興地跳了起來(lái)。(興奮心理描寫(xiě))___________________________________，hewasunabletocontrolhisexcitementandjumpedwithjoy.2.句型：狀語(yǔ)從句的省略上周末在農(nóng)場(chǎng)摘水果的時(shí)候，我們沐浴在春日溫暖的陽(yáng)光中。(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)___________________________________，wewerebathedinthespringwarmsunshine.3.句型：it作形式主語(yǔ)對(duì)于約翰來(lái)說(shuō)，通過(guò)制作和賣(mài)爆米花來(lái)幫助伯納德過(guò)更好的生活是一種莫大的榮幸。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)___________________________________Bernardtoliveabetterlifebymakingandsellingpopcorn.4.句型：theinstant我一看到熊咬鐵絲網(wǎng)，我就屏住呼吸，一動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng)。(2020·浙江卷)___________________________________，Iheldmybreath，notdaringtomoveaninch.5.句型：theway作先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句只有改變我們對(duì)待環(huán)境的方式，我們才能與環(huán)境友好相處。(環(huán)境保護(hù))Onlybychanging___________________________________canwegetalongwellwithit.6.句型：as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句我寫(xiě)信尋求您對(duì)我們的英語(yǔ)短劇的指導(dǎo)，因?yàn)槲也恢廊绾握{(diào)整劇情的詞匯和語(yǔ)法。(求助信)I’mwritingtoaskforyourguidanceonourEnglishshortplay，___________________________________thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplot.7.句型：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)中國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得了88枚獎(jiǎng)牌，使整個(gè)國(guó)家興奮不已。Chineseathleteswon88medalsinTokyoOlympicGames，___________________________________.8.句型：倍數(shù)表達(dá)法現(xiàn)在全運(yùn)會(huì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員人數(shù)是十年前的兩倍。NowadaysthenumberoftheathletesintheNationalGamesis____________________________tenyearsago.9.句型：Itishopedthat...人們希望普通人能過(guò)上富足和幸福的生活。______________________________________________________________________.10.句型：“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)直到那時(shí)我突然意識(shí)到?jīng)]有人比我更幸福了。ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealized__________________________thanIwas.11.句型：部分否定并非每個(gè)學(xué)生都真正意識(shí)到了尊重和傳播中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要性。______________________________________________respectingandspreadingtraditionalChineseculture.12.句型：while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句盡管旅游能夠拓展你的視野，但是我認(rèn)為在這方面花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間和金錢(qián)不是一個(gè)好主意。___________________________________，Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeandmoneyonit.13.句型：what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句給我印象最深的是，每當(dāng)我遇到困難時(shí)，我的叔叔都會(huì)激勵(lì)我堅(jiān)持我的夢(mèng)想。___________________________________myunclewillalwaysmotivatemetosticktomydreamwheneverIcomeacrossdifficulties.14.句型：giventhat...引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句考慮到她喜歡孩子，我確信教書(shū)是適合她的職業(yè)。___________________________________，I’mconvincedthatteachingistherightcareerforher.15.句型：It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋that...據(jù)估計(jì)，到2050年，13億人將把英語(yǔ)作為他們的第一或第二語(yǔ)言。______________________________1.3billionpeoplewilluseEnglishastheirfirstorsecondlanguageby2050.一、結(jié)合語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用單詞1.IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin，buttomydisappointmentwewere___________(擊敗).2.Themottomeansexcellencecanonlybe___________(獲得)afteryouhaveputtousewhatyouhavelearntandhavetrieditoverandoveragain.3.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutoattend“TalkandTalk”，anEnglishprogram___________(創(chuàng)建)byourschoolbroadcastingstation.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)4.ItwasbychancethatI___________(遇到)myformerclassmateonthestreettheotherday.5.Asagraduatinghighschoolstudentwhohasa___________(激情)forvolunteering，Iwillhaveenoughtimeandenergytoinvestinmycommunity.6.Anotherreasonismy___________(不斷的)concernabouttheenvironmentalprotectionandtheimprovementofpeople’slivingconditions.7.Labournotonlycreatesabetterenvironmentforustoliveinbutalso___________(倡導(dǎo))thespiritofdiligence.8.Myteachercaresaboutmeandpreparesmeformyfuture___________(職業(yè)；事業(yè)).9.He___________(命令)thatthestudentsshouldhandintheirhomeworkbeforehereturned.10.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatoceansplaya___________(關(guān)鍵的)roleintheworld.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)11.___________(為……伴奏)herdaughteronthepiano，whenshewasavailable，wasagoodopportunitytodisplayhertalentformusic.12.Thelibrariansufferedfromheadachesandlossof___________(食欲；胃口)，sohedidn’tgototherestaurantwithus.13.WhenIcameacrosshim，hewas___________(閑逛)aimlesslyinthestreet.14.It’sannouncedthatthereisgoingtobealecture___________(以……為主題)“Howtolearneffectively”.15.Equippedwitha___________(雄偉的)stadium，ourschooloffersusanopportunitytodoavarietyofsports.16.Theteahouse___________(見(jiàn)證)areallyenjoyabletimeforallofus.17.Shefoundherselfin___________(沖突)withherparentsoverherfuturecareerinfashiondesign.18.Hemadeasillymistake，sohe___________(降低)hishead，notdaringtolookup.19.Having___________(澄清)hisopinionoftheincident，MrSmithsatdownandlistenedtoothers’.20.Thereisnoneedforyouto___________(費(fèi)心)yourselfaboutsuchsmallthings.21.She___________(哭泣)sadly，wipinghertearswithatissue.22.Besides，finishingthehardracewillhelpusobtainself-confidenceandmotivation，whichare___________(極其重要的)qualitiesinourfuturesuccess.23.Tomyamazement，hisopinionissimilartomineinmany___________(方面).24.Inmy___________(空閑)time，Ilistentomyfavoritesongsathomeinsteadofgoingoutdoors.25.TheconstructionofChinaSpaceStationshowsourcountryhas___________(獲得)greatsuccessinspacescience.二、結(jié)合語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用短語(yǔ)1.Itisnecessaryforyouto_______________yourexperienceconstantlyandimprovetheefficiencyofyourwork.2.Thefarmers_______________sendingussometastyappleswhenwesetoffforourschool.3.Thecarpetisdesignedtostanduptoalotof_______________.4.Thebuilding_______________andmanypeopleweretrappedinit.5.Iwilltryto_______________thenewfieldbygainingrelevantknowledgegradually.6.He_______________thecomputertheinstantheheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.7.Thepoorfamily_______________theland，withthefatherstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.8.Hegottothecompanyinahurry，onlytofindhehad________hissuitcase_________athome.9.Thegroupofwildhorsesare_______________，soit’sdifficultforustotakephotosofthem.10.SomeofQiBaishi’spaintingsare_______________inthemuseumatpresent.11.TheGreens_______________earlyinthemorningandarrivedattheirdestinationbeforenoon.12.Theactivityisaimedat_______________studentstotakeexerciseforanhoureveryday.13.Inotherwords，employingbodylanguageappropriatelycanhelpyou_______________barriersincommunication.14.Inthestreet，shefoundherself_______________byastranger，whichmadeheralittlenervous.15.Helen_______________herbedroomwhensheheardhermothercryingforhelpinthekitchen.16.Personally，inthepastitwasourparentsandteachersthathelpedusinmanyaspectsand_______________weshouldgiveahelpinghandtothemfromnowon.17.AlthoughIwasangryathiswords，_______________Iknewmostofwhathesaidwasright.18.Myfatherwas_______________satisfiedwithmyanswertohisquestion.(2021·浙江6月卷)19.Everyonecanmakecontributionstoprotectingournaturalresources._______________，wecansavelotsofgasbyridingabikeorwalkinginsteadofdriving.20.Keepupyourcourage，sincelife_______________joyandsadness.三、用括號(hào)里所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Aftertwoyears，thesecondgroupsaw__________(remark)improvementsinhearthealth.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)2.The__________(novel)wasabouttoleavewhenhenoticedleavesmovinggently(gentle)inthebreeze.3.__________(found)in1985inBeijing，itisnowanationwideorganization,wheretheperformanceoftheemployee__________(evaluate)lastmonth.4.__________(encounter)afrighteningbeastonthewaytothemarkettheotherday,theservant__________(flee)withherheartbeatingwildly.5.Withthehelpofhisclassmates,Petergotusedtothenewlifeand__________(gradual)madeprogressinhisstudies.6.Fromthesefactswecandrawa__________(conclude)thatweoughttoadoptamore__________(science)approachtopreservingthetraditionalcustoms.7.Thecampshaveexcellenthorses,__________(profession)guidesandlotsofsupportworkers.8.Uponreachinghishometowninthe__________(distant)，thepoliticianexpresseda__________(prefer)fortheuniquescenery.9.Chinawillsafeguardenergysecuritybyresourceprotection,__________(advocate)greenlifestylesandconsumerculture.10.Heinsistedongoingtherealoneinspiteofa__________(warn)issuedbythelocalgovernment.Hisbehaviourwassostrangeand__________(normal).11.Asyouknow,ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain，youbegintodoit__________(automatic).12.InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthan__________(efficient).(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)13.WefollowedMr.Read’sspeechattentively，noddingandapplauding__________(constant).14.Overall,theresultsarequiteinteresting,indicatingthatlanguagelearningcanbeintegratedwithpersonalhobbiesand__________(entertain).(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)15.Inthissense,nothingisas__________(appeal)asspendingtimewiththefamilyandenjoyingvariousentertainmentactivities.16.Hisparentshavebeenworkingawayfromhome，thusrarely__________(accompany)him,buthenevercomplainsaboutthat.17.After__________(cycle)forhalfanhour,Ipersuadedhimt