2024年高考英語練習試題及答案（四）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Whatisbodysurfing?

Bodysurfingisrelatedtoridingonawavewithnohelpfromaidtoolssuchas

asurfboard.That,swhyitiscalledthe“purest“formofsurfing.Infact,itis

oneofveryfewextremesports一freeclimbingandcliffdivingare.others一thatcan

bepracticedusingnothingbutthehumanbody.

Howdoyoudoit?

Tocatchawave,swimtowherethewavesbreakand,asoneapproaches,startswimming

towardsthebeach.Youmusttrytotravelatthesamespeedasthewaveand,ifyou

doitcorrectly,youwillfeelthewaveliftingyouandpushingyouforwards.Then

tryandcutalongthesurfaceofthewave.

Whatdoyouneed?

Itismoreenjoyableandsaferifyouuseflippers(largeflatrubbershoes).This

isbecausetheyenableyoutoswimfasterandsurfalongthemmoreeasily.Awetsuit

isalsoadvisable.Anotheraidisahandboard,amini-surfboardaboutthesizeof

aniron,heldinonehandtospeedupalongthewave.Ifyouareluckyenoughtobe

surfinginwarmwater,makesureyouhaveyourboardshortsattheready.

Unofficialworldchampionship

Bodysurfingisnotaprofessionalsport,butinHawaiithereissuchafestival

calledthePipelineBodysurfingClassiceachyear.Localbodysurferscompeteagainst

athletesfromplacessuchasAustralia,Brazil,JapanorFrance.Famousbodyboarder

MikeStewarthaswontheeventnofewerthan12times,andKellySlater,thegreatest

surferinhistory,hasalsocompeted.

1.Howdoesabodysurfersurfwhileinthesea?

A.Onlyusingthehumanbody.B.Onlyrelyingonasurfboard.

C.Onlyfollowingawave.D.Onlyswimmingalongthebeach

2.Whichcanmakeyousurffaster?

A.Flippersandawetsuit.B.Awetsuitandahandboard.

C.Ahandboardandboardshorts.D.AhandboardandFlippers.

3.WhatcanweknowaboutthePipelineBodysurfingClassic?

A.Itisforlocalbodysurfers.B.ItisheldannuallyinHawaii.

C.Allfamousbodysurfersfavorit.D.MikeStewartattendsiteveryyear.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項非專業(yè)的運動一一人體沖浪。

1.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Bodysurfingisrelatedtoridingonawave

withnohelpfromaidtoolssuchasasurfboard.和thatcanbepracticedusing

nothingbutthehumanbody.可知，人體沖浪是在沒有沖浪板等輔助工具幫助的情況

下在海浪上沖浪。故選A。

2.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Itismoreenjoyableandsaferifyouuseflippers

(largeflatrubbershoes).如果你使用腳噗會更舒適、更安全，和Anotheraidis

ahandboard,amini-surfboardaboutthesizeofaniron,heldinonehandto

speedupalongthewave.一只手拿著沖浪板可以加速沖浪。故選D。

3.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Bodysurfingisnotaprofessionalsport,but

inHawaiithereissuchafestivalcalledthePipelineBodysurfingClassiceach

year.在夏威夷每年都會有一個名為管道人體沖浪經(jīng)典的節(jié)日。故選B。

B

PromiseSawyers,a1O-year-oldgirlinNashville,Tenn.,isinspiringpeopleold

andyoungaftermakingavideobeforegoingtoschool“biggerandbetter”with

hernaturalhair,justonedayaftershewasmadefunofforherafro.

PromiseSawyers,motivationalvideowaspostedonlinebyhermomQuiDaugherty,

afterthe5th-gradersecretlyrecordeditonDaugherty'sphone.Init,Sawyers

explainedthatshewasfeeling“sometypeofway“afterherclassmateshadmean

thingstosayaftersheworehernaturalhairthedaybefore.Butshewasdetermined

nottoletitbringherdown,andworeitthesamewaythefollowingday."Don't

allowanyonetostealyourjoy,“Promisesaid."Don'tgivethemthatmuchpower.”

DaughertysaysthatPromisehasbeensurroundedbythattypeofpositivityher

wholelife.She'salwaystaughtherdaughterto“meetanegativewithapositive”,

evenwhensomebodyistryingtobringherdown.Andalthoughthisexampleseemslike

oneofthemoredisheartening(令人氣餒的)onesthatPromisehasfacedafterstarting

atanewschool,hervideoprovedthatshetookhermom'sadvicetoheart.

Now,nearly2millionviewslater,peopleeverywherearerespondingtothevideo.

“Wehadnoideatheimpactthatitwasgoingtomakeandtheamountofmessages,“

Daughertysaid."It'smadeahugeimpactbehindthescenesthathasblessedme

personally.”

DaughertyjokesthatPromisedoesn'tunderstandhowinfluentialherwordsare.

Instead,the10-year-oldisjustexcitedaboutthemillionsofviews.

“Ijusttellhernottofocusonthenumbers,??Daughertysays."Let'sfind

awaywecanbeimpactfulbehindthisandmakeaninfluenceandinspirepeople.That,s

allwewant.”

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"afro”inParagraph1referto?

A.Ahairstyle.

B.Adisability.

C.Anattitude.

D.Avideo.

5.WhatdidPromisedecidetodoafterbeingteasedbyherclassmates?

A.Seeksomeadvicefromhermother.

B.Makeherselflookbiggerandbetter.

C.Recordhersadnessonvideosilently.

D.Keepwearingthesamehairtoschool.

6.WhatwillDaughertyadvisePromisetodowhenthere,ssomethingdisheartening?

A.Switchtoanewstart.

B.Lookonthebrightside.

C.Makenecessarychanges.

D.Shareherjoywithothers.

7.HowdidDaughertyfeelaboutpeople'sresponsetothevideo?

A.Embarrassed.B.Worried.

C.Confused.D.Surprised.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。10歲的小女孩PromiseSawyers天生擁有蓬松發(fā)型，

這使她在學校里遭到了同學的取笑。Promise并沒有因此而悶悶不樂，而是用陽光的心態(tài)應

對一切，堅守自己的快樂。她的視頻激勵了很多人。

4.A【解析】詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系畫線詞所在句中的“withhernaturalhair"和第二段第二

句“Init,Sawyersexplainedthatshewasfeeling'sometypeofway'after

herclassmateshadmeanthingstosayaftersheworehernaturalhairtheday

before.”可知，同學們嘲笑的是她的頭發(fā)。由此可推知，afro指的是一種發(fā)型。故選

Ao

5.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句uButshewasdeterminednottoletitbring

herdown,andworeitthesamewaythefollowingday.“可知，Promise被同學

們嘲笑后，決定第二天仍然保持著同樣的發(fā)型去上學。故選D。

6.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"She'salwaystaughtherdaughterto'meet

anegativewithapositive’,evenwhensomebodyistryingtobringherdown.”

可知，Daugherty一直教女兒在遇到令她沮喪的事情時用積極樂觀的心態(tài)去面對。由此

可推知，當女兒遇到令人氣餒的事情時，Daugherty會建議她去看到陽光的一面。故選

Bo

7.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Daugherty所說的wWehadnoideatheimpactthat

itwasgoingtomakeandtheamountofmessagesv可知，她此前沒有料想到這個

視頻能引起如此大的反響。由此可推知，她對人們對該視頻的反應感到吃驚。故選D。

C

Mostsquirrelsdon'thibernate（冬眠）.Instead,theystorefoodforthecold

seasonandspendthewinterintheirnests.Butthe13-linedgroundsquirrel,one

speciesofsquirrelintheU.S.Midwest,isnotthecase.Forupto8months,thetiny

mammalswon'teatordrinkanythingatallandtheheartrate,metabolism（新陳代

謝），andbodytemperaturedramaticallydropduringtheirlongrest,whichissimilar

tobearsandotherhibernatinganimals.

Tofindouthowthehibernatingsquirrelsholdbacktheirthirst,apowerfulforce

thatcouldpotentiallywakethemup,andresearchersmeasuredthebloodfluidofdozens

ofsquirrels.Generally,ahighbloodconcentration（血液濃度）makesanimals,

includinghumans,feelthirty.Thesleepingsquirrels!bloodconcentrationwaslow,

preventingthemfromwakingupforadrink.Evenwhenresearcherswokeupthetorpid

squirrels,theywouldn'tdrinkadropuntiltheteamartificiallyincreasedthe

concentrationoftheirbloodserum.

Next,theresearcherswantedtoknowhowthesquirrels'bloodconcentration

droppedsolow.Perhapsthesquirrelsdrankalotofwaterbeforehibernationto

dilute（稀釋）theirblood,theresearchersthought.Butwhentheyfilmedsquirrels

preparingfortheirwintersnooze,theyfoundtheanimalsactuallydranklesswater

thantheynormallydid.

Instead,chemicaltestsrevealedthesquirrelsregulatetheirbloodconcentration

bygettingridofelectrolytes（電解質(zhì)）likesodiumandotherchemicalslikeglucose

andureaandstoringthemelsewhereinthebody（possiblyinthebladder）,the

researchersreportedlastmonthinCurrentBiology.Thefindingcouldalsoexplain

howotherhibernatinganimalsstaycontainingwater.

Thisnewknowledgemightonedayhelphumanswithconditionssuchasdiabetes（糖

尿?。琽rastronautswhohavelaunchedonlongspaceflights.Unfortunately,evenif

peoplecanfigureouthowtodroptheirbloodconcentration,it'sunlikelythey’11

everbeascuteassleepingsquirrels.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutthe13-linedgroundsquirrels?

A.Theydon'thibernatelikemanyothersquirrels.

B.TheyareendangeredspeciesintheU.S.Midwest.

C.Theycanliveformonthswithoutwaterduringhibernation.

D.Theirheartruleandbodytemperatureareextremelyabnormal.

9.Thehibernatingsquirrelsdon'feelthirstybecauseoftheir.

A.highbloodconcentrationB.lowbloodconcentration

C.lowbodytemperatureD.highheartrate

10.Hibernatingsquirrelsadjusttheirbloodconcentrationsby.

A.Drinkingmuchwaterbeforehibernation

B.Noteatinganythingduringhibernation

C.Drinkinglesswaterthantheynormallydo

D.Removingcertainchemicalsandstoringthemsomewhere

11.Whatistheauthor?sattitudetowardsthenewfindings?

A.ObjectiveB.Positive

C.DisappointingD.Uncaring

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種冬眠的松鼠，地松鼠。它以將電解質(zhì)從血

液中換到其他地方儲存的方式來降低血液濃度，而這項發(fā)明可能用于治療糖尿病等人類疾病。

8.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段Forupto8months,thetinymammalswon'teator

drinkanythingatall可知，地松鼠可以多達8個月不吃不喝。即地松鼠冬眠時可以

數(shù)個月不喝水。故選C。

9.B【解析】推理判斷題。由第二段ahighbloodconcentration（血液濃度）makesanimals,

includinghumans,feelthirty可知血液濃度高促使動物包括人類感到口渴，由此可

以推斷出冬眠的松鼠不口渴是因為血液濃度低。故選B。

10.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段chemicaltestsrevealedthesquirrelsregulate

theirbloodconcentrationbygettingridofelectrolytes（電解質(zhì)）likesodiumand

otherchemicalslikeglucoseandureaandstoringthemelsewhereinthebody

可知，化學測試表明松鼠調(diào)節(jié)血液濃度是通過將電解質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)移至身體其他部位儲存的方式

進行的，即移走某種特定的物質(zhì)即電解質(zhì)，并儲存到其他地方。故選D。

11.B【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。由最后一段可知這項發(fā)現(xiàn)可以用來治療糖尿病或者幫助長時間在

太空站的宇航員，有實際運用的價值，即作者對此持積極態(tài)度。故選B。

D

Whatinspireskidstobecreativeandpursueacademicexcellence?Someteachers

userewardsinrecognitionofstudents'effortorachievement,givingthemprizes,

medals,certificates,ormoney.

Psychologiststakeoppositeviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraiseto

coldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelation

betweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformance

atworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,

believethatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapproval

andgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthe

carefuluseofsmallmonetary（金錢的）rewardssparkscreativityinprimaryschool

children,suggestingthatproperlygivenstimuli（刺激）indeedencouragecreativity,

accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Ifkidsknowtheyrreworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively

challengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,nsaysRobertEisenbergerofthe

UniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewards

forpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchdesireforrewards.n

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgrades

forordinaryachievementendsupwithstudentslackingincreativityandmotivation,

Eisenbergersays.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,heparticularlymentionsgrowing

effortstotightengradingstandardsandadoptfailinggradesatmajoruniversities.

Inearliergrades,theuseofrewardingsystem,inwhichstudentshandle

challengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,

showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,Eisenbergerclaims.

12.Psychologistsaredividedintheirattitudestoward.

A.thechoicebetweenspiritualencouragementandmonetaryrewards

B.theamountofmonetaryrewardsforstudents1creativity

C.therelationshipbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences

D.theeffectsofexternalrewardsonstudentsfperformance

13.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtoexamplesofuexternalrewards”?

A.Tomreceivedacertificateforwinningaspeechcompetition.

B.MarywaspraisedbytheteacherformakingprogressinEnglish.

C.Jackymadegreateffortstoenteramajoruniversity.

D.Johnwasofferedafreesummercampduetohishardwork.

14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestraisestudents!creativityaccordingtoRobert

Eisenberger?

A.Assigningthemtaskstheyhavenotdealtwithbefore.

B.Assigningthemtaskswhichrequirecreativity.

C.Givingthemrewardstheyreallydeserve.

D.Givingthemrewardstheyhopefor.

15.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmajoruniversitiesaretryingtotighten

theirgradingstandardsbecausetheythink.

A.rewardingpoorperformancemaykillthecreativityofstudents

B.punishingstudentsismoreeffectivethanrewardingthem

C.failingunmotivatedstudentshelpsimprovetheiracademicstandards

D.discouragingstudents,expectationofeasyrewardsisimportant

【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章主要說明了心理學家對外部獎勵對學生成績的影響的

態(tài)度有分歧。而教育工作者則認為適當?shù)耐獠开剟畲碳ご_實能激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，但是如果給予表現(xiàn)

不好的學生獎勵則可能會扼殺創(chuàng)造力。

12.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhow

externalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationand

creativity.（心理學家對外部獎勵（從溫暖的表揚到冷冰冰的現(xiàn)金）如何影響動機和創(chuàng)

造力持相反的觀點）可知，心理學家對外部獎勵對學生成績的影響的態(tài)度有分歧。故選

Do

13.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhow

externalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationand

creativity.（心理學家對外部獎勵（從溫暖的表揚到冷冰冰的現(xiàn)金）如何影響動機和創(chuàng)

造力持相反的觀點）可知，外部獎勵包括表揚到現(xiàn)金。分析選項可知C選項“杰克努力

進入一所重點大學?！辈⒉粚儆凇巴獠开剟睢钡睦?。故選C。

14.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Ifkidsknowthey'reworkingforarewardandcan

focusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,"says

RobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasyto

killcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuch

desireforrewards."（位于紐瓦克的特拉華大學的RobertEisenberger說：“如果孩

子們知道他們是為了獎勵而工作，并且能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谝粋€相對有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務，他們就會

表現(xiàn)出最大的創(chuàng)造力?！薄暗绻麑Ρ憩F(xiàn)不佳的學生給予獎勵，或者對獎勵的渴望太強

烈，就很容易扼殺創(chuàng)造力?！保┨岬胶⒆觽兪菫榱双@得獎賞而從事一項具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工

作時創(chuàng)造力最強，而如果對那些表現(xiàn)不好的學生也給予獎賞則會扼殺創(chuàng)造力，可見

RobertEisenberger觀點是給他們應得的獎勵。故選C。

15.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中"Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygiving

rewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchdesireforrewards."（"但

如果對表現(xiàn)不佳的學生給予獎勵，或者對獎勵的渴望太強烈，就很容易扼殺創(chuàng)造力?！保?/p>

可知，如果一個老師對表現(xiàn)不好的學生也給予獎賞就會導致學生缺乏創(chuàng)造力，故從文章

中可以推斷，各大大學正試圖提高他們的評分標準，是因為他們認為獎勵不好的表現(xiàn)可

能會扼殺學生的創(chuàng)造力。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余

選項。

Ashighschoolstudents,wemustspendthevastmajorityofourtimeinclassand

readingbooks.16.Withoutafriend,ourworldwouldbeawilderness.Whatkindof

friendsshouldwepick?Whatarethedosanddon'tsoffriendship?Herearesomeof

myopinions.

17.Wemayconsiderdifferentpeoplewemeeteverydaytobeniceandfeellike

makingfriendswiththem.However,notallgoodpeoplearematchesforus.Ratherthan

makefriendswiththepopularstudents,weshouldspendtimewiththosewehavethings

incommonwith,orwhowillbetheretolistentous.Moreover,weshouldbecareful

aboutstudentswithmanybadhabits,sincetheycouldpassthosehabitsontous.

Beingtolerantisagoodidea.Nooneisperfect.18.Therefore,weshouldtry

tounderstandourfriendsandbepatientwiththemwhentheymakemistakessincewe're

allonajourneytobeingbetterpeople.Gradually,ourfriendshipswilllastlonger

andbecomemoresolid.

Behonest.19.However,it'sbettertobehonestwithfriends,totellthemwhat

isbotheringusandseektheiradvice.Beinghonestwillnotannoyyourfriends,but

itwillbringyouandyourfriendclosertogether.

Weneedtobeopen-minded.Listentoothers'ideas,whetheryouagreewiththem

ornot,andbehappytomakefriendswithyourfriends'friends.20.

A.Wemustbecareful.

B.Weneedtobewell-informed.

C.Asissaid,honestyisthebestpolicy.

D.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.

E.Nonearesodeafasthosewhowillnothear.

F.Still,spendingtimewithfriendsisalsonecessaryandgoodforus.

G.Wealltendtoshowourpositivesidetofriendsandhideourtruefeelings.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了四點作者對于擁有好友的觀點和看法，如應

該謹慎地交朋友；應該接受朋友的缺點；對朋友最好誠實；保持開放的心態(tài)傾聽別人的想法等。

16.F根據(jù)前句Ashighschoolstudents,wemustspendthevastmajorityofourtime

inclassandreadingbooks.作為高中生，我們必須把大部分時間花在上課和讀書上，

和后句Withoutafriend,ourworldwouldbeawilderness.沒有朋友，我們的世界

將是一片荒野?？芍?，此句為承上啟下句，花時間和朋友在一起也是必要的，對我們有好

處。故選F。

17.A此處為本段的主題句。根據(jù)后文However,notallgoodpeoplearematchesforus.

并不是所有

的好人都適合我們，和Moreover,weshouldbecarefulaboutstudentswithmanybad

habits,sincetheycouldpassthosehabitsontous.我們應該小心有很多壞習慣

的學生，因為他們會把這些習慣傳給我們?？芍?，我們必須小心（交友）。故選A。

18.D根據(jù)前句Nooneisperfect.人無完人，可知，沒有缺點的朋友是永遠找不到的。故

選Do

19.G根據(jù)本段主題句Behonest.對朋友誠實，和后句的轉(zhuǎn)折However,it'sbettertobe

honestwithfriends,totellthemwhatisbotheringusandseektheiradvice.然

而，最好對朋友誠實，告訴他們是什么困擾著我們，并征求他們的意見?？芍?，我們都傾

向于向朋友展示我們積極的一面，隱藏我們的真實感受。故選G。

20.E根據(jù)前句Listentoothers'ideas,whetheryouagreewiththemornot,andbe

happytomakefriendswithyourfriends'friends.傾聽他人的想法，不管你是否

同意他們的觀點，并樂于和你朋友的朋友交朋友，可知，要樂于傾聽。故選E。

第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項。

OvertwoweeksagoIwasstandingonthesummitofMountQomolangma.Itwasthe

topofmanyyears'hardwork,andthe21ofachildhooddream.

Ihavebeenoverwhelmedbythetideofgoodwilland22.Butonething

hasbecome23apparent.Manypeoplehaveconstantmisunderstandingsabout

MountQomolangma.Intheir24.Qomolangmahas25hercrown.

Shehasbecomeamountainsynonymouswithdeath,exploitationand26

ThemostcommonquestionIgetaskedis：”Isit27inrubbish?”AsaUnited

Nationspatron（資助人）ofthewilderness,oneofmyrolesisto28back

fromtheEarth'sremainingwildernessesandtoactasa29forthewild.

IclimbedQomolangmaexpectingarubbishdumpbutwhatIfound30me：I

31sawanylitter,fromtheairporttothesummit.

TheNepalesehave32somehugeclean-upcampaignsinrecentyears,perhaps

toimprovetheirreputation,butalsoinresponsetosometragicnaturaldisasters.

Thegovernment33anumberofrequirementsincludingthateachclimber

34anadditional8kgoflitter（notincludingtheirown）andincentives（激

勵）forSherpas（夏爾巴人）of$2perkiloofrubbishcleaned.

Theresultshavebeen35.ThecountrylanesofGreatBritainhavemore

rubbishthanthe36tobasecamp；despitethe100,000footfallsIsaw

oneofthecleanest,tidiestwildernesstrailsIhaveencountered.

Ihavespenttimeinmanyoftheworld'spopularwildernesslocationsandIwould

sayNepalshouldbe37.Itisanexampleofmanrepairingthe38he

hasdone.Asourfocusturnstotheoceansandtheseeming1v39taskof

repairingourmarinehabitat,wecouldlookatQomolangmaasafine40of

turningbacktheclock.

21.A.realizationB.motivationc.connectionD.schedule

22.A.respondB.protectionC.changeD.support

23.A.strangelyB.naturallyC.increasinglyD.easily

24.A.symptomsB.mindsC.storiesD.permits

25.A.lostB.fedC.countedD.saved

26.A.adventureB.pollutionC.settlementD.choice

27.A.coveredB.seizedC.foundD.poured

28.A.expectB.appreciateC.applyD.report

29.A.planB.titleC.voiceD.lesson

30.A.surprisedB.servedC.forcedD.stressed

31.A.silentlyB.eagerlyc.franklyD.hardly

32.A.challengedB.conductedc.observedD.qualified

33.A.appealedtoB.takeninC.dependedonD.putforward

34.A.shareB.confirmC.removeD.bear

35.A.selectiveB.familiarC.impressiveD.repairable

36.A.realityB.trailC.opportunityD.league

37.A.vitalB.proudC.simpleD.unique

38.A.conclusionB.convenienceC.arrangementD.damage

39.A.impossibleB.necessaryC.unusualD.extra

40.A.contentB.directionC.exampleD.situation

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者登上珠穆朗瑪峰的故事。在作者以前的

印象中，珠峰充滿著死亡、開發(fā)和垃圾。親歷之后，作者對珠峰的印象大為改觀，并盛贊當?shù)?/p>

政府的一些做法，呼吁人們效仿，使世界環(huán)境變得更美好。

21.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是多年努力的結(jié)果，也是一個兒時夢想的實現(xiàn)。A.

realization實現(xiàn)；B.motivation動機;C.connection連接;D.schedule日程表。作者經(jīng)

過多年的努力，終于登上珠峰，說兒時的夢想得以實現(xiàn)(realization)。故選A。

22.D考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被善意和支持的潮水淹沒了。A.respond答復；B.

protection保護；C.change改變；D.support支持。根據(jù)前面的goodwill可知，該空與

其意義相近，故選support,表示作者得到很多善意和支持。故選D。

23.C考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一件事變得越來越明顯。A.strangely奇怪地；B.

naturally自然地；C.increasingly不斷增加地；D.easily容易地。在得到大量支持之際，

有一件事情變得日益(increasingly)明顯。因為一直以來，人們對珠峰就有誤解，并且這種

誤解至今存在于很多人心目中。故選C。

24.B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的心目中，珠穆朗瑪峰已經(jīng)失去了她的王冠。A.

symptoms癥狀；B.minds頭腦；C.stories故事；D.permits允許。介詞短語inone'sminds

意為“在……的心目中”。故選B。

25.A考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的心目中，珠穆朗瑪峰已經(jīng)失去了她的王冠。A.lost

失去;B.fed喂食;C.counted數(shù);D.saved保存。根據(jù)下文語境中的Shehasbecomeamountain

synonymouswithdeath,exploitation可知,珠峰風光不再，即它失去了(lost)王冠。故選

Ao

26.B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在很多人的印象中，珠峰充滿著死亡、開發(fā)和污染(pollution)。

A.adventure冒險；B.pollution污染；C.settlement解決；D.choice選擇。下文多次提

到人們清理垃圾的事情,所以此處選pollution。故選B。

27.A考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我被問到的最常見的問題是：“它被垃圾覆蓋了嗎？"A.

covered覆蓋；B.seized抓?。籆.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.poured傾倒。根據(jù)上文語境提到的人們

對珠峰的印象不好可知，作者經(jīng)常被問的一個問題就是：珠峰是不是被垃圾覆蓋(covered)?

故選Ao

28.D考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的一個任務就是向聯(lián)合國匯報(report)地球上剩下的荒野

的狀況。A.expect期盼；B.appreciate欣賞；C.apply應用；D.report匯報。作為受聯(lián)

合國資助的登山者，作者的一個任務就是向聯(lián)合國匯報(report)地球上剩下的荒野的狀況。故

選D。

29.C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：并且為此荒野發(fā)聲。A.plan計劃；B.title頭銜；C.voice

聲音；D.lesson教訓。動詞短語actasavoicefor...意為"作為的代言人“，作者

想為大自然發(fā)聲。故選C。

30.A考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我爬珠穆朗瑪峰，以為會有一個垃圾場，但我的發(fā)現(xiàn)讓我驚

訝。A.surprised吃驚；B.served服務；C.forced迫使；D.stressed著重。作者的想象

與真實情況截然不同，故讓作者大為吃驚(surprised)。故選A。

31.D考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：從機場到山頂，我?guī)缀蹩床坏饺魏卫?。A.silently默默

地；B.eagerly渴望地；C.frankly坦率地；D.hardly幾乎沒有。由后面語境提到的垃圾

清理情況可知，作者從機場到山頂幾乎沒有(hardly)看見垃圾。故選D。

32.B考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：尼泊爾人近年來進行了一些大規(guī)模的清理運動。A.

challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.conducted實施；C.observed觀察；D.qualified合格。這里指最近

幾年，尼泊爾人開展垃圾清理運動。conductcampaigns意為“開展活動”。故選B。

33.D考查動詞短語詞義辨析。政府提出了許多要求，句意：A.appealedto呼吁；B.taken

in吸收;C.dependedon依靠;D.putforward提出。尼泊爾政府對登山者也提出了(putforward)

一些要求。故選D。

34.C考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個登山者清除額外的8公斤的垃圾(不包括自身的)。A.

share分享；B.confirm證實；C.remove清除；D.bear忍受。這些要求包括清除(remove)

額外的8公斤垃圾，不包括自己的垃圾。故選C。

35.C考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果令人印象深刻。A.selective可選擇的；B.

familiar熟悉的；C.impressive印象深刻的；D.repairable可修繕的。這些措施產(chǎn)生的結(jié)

果給人們留下了非常深刻的印象(impressive)。故選C。

36.B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英國鄉(xiāng)間小路上的垃圾比通往大本營的小道還多。A.reality

現(xiàn)實；B.trail小道；Copportunity機會；Dleague同盟。與通往登山大本營的小道(trail)

相比，英國的村間小道的垃圾都比這里多。盡管有成千上萬的腳步走過，作者看到了一條他遇

到過的最干凈、最整潔的荒野小徑。下一句aIsawoneofthecleanest,tidiestwilderness

trailsIhaveencountered.??中的trails是提示。故選B。

37.B考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為尼泊爾應該感到自豪。A.vital極重要的；B.proud

驕傲的；C.simple簡單的；D.unique獨特的。根據(jù)作者的描述可知，尼泊爾政府采取了很

多清理垃圾的舉措，效果明顯，故應該引以為豪(proud)。故選B。

38.D考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這是一個人類彌補他所造成的傷害的例子。A.conclusion

結(jié)論；B.convenie