2024年高考押題預(yù)測卷02（九省新高考卷）英語（全解全析版）

2024年高考押題預(yù)測卷02【九省新高考卷】英語·全解全析（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．WhomadeMikeloveskateboarding?A．Catherine. B．John. C．Lucy.【答案】B【原文】M:AreyouenjoyingthisbeautifulSaturday,Catherine?W:Ofcourse,Iloveweekends.IoftengooutwithmyfriendLucyatweekends.Howlonghaveyoubeenskateboarding,Mike?M:Threeyearsago,mybrotherJohngotmeintoit.Ididn’tlikeitatfirst,butnowIenjoyit.2．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandemployee. B．Teacherandparent. C．Businesspartners.【答案】B【原文】W:ThankyouforingtoKelly’sconference.Iappreciateit.M:Ofcourse,Iwouldn’tMissit.Ialwayswanttohearhowkellyisdoinginclasses.W:Well,sheisjustsuchaJoytoteach.3．Wherearethespeakersnow?A．Atanairport. B．Inarailwaystation. C．Onaflight.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatdidtheannouncersayjustnow?W:Shesaid,“PassengersonFlightCA101toHongkongpleasemaketheirwaytothedeparturegate.”M:Really?I’mgoingtotakethisflight.4．Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A．Excited. B．Tired. C．Bored.【答案】B【原文】W:Howdoyoufeeltodayaftercuttingallthatwood?M:Myshoulderaches.IthinkIdidtoomuchyesterday.W:Takeiteasytoday.WatchsomemoviesandI’llcookanicemealforyou.5．Whydoesthemanlookdifferentnowaccordingtohimself?A．Helostweight. B．Hegotolder. C．Hehadahaircut.【答案】A【原文】W:YourpictureIDdoesn’tlooklikeyou.M:That’sbecauseI’velosttenkilossinceitwastaken.W:Oh!Ithoughtitwasyourhaircutthatmadeyoulookdifferent.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．Howmanyfriendsdoesthemanwanttoinvitetotheparty?A．14. B．25. C．13.7．WhyisMattmentionedintheconversation?A．Hesuggeststheideaoftheparty.B．Hewillhelpwiththeman’sparty.C．Hehadabigbirthdaypartylastyear.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】M:Mum,mythirteenthbirthdayisingup,andIwanttohaveabigpartythisyear.CanIinviteallmyfriends?W:Sure,Tom.Howmanyfriendsareyouthinkingofinviting?M:Twentyfive!W:That’squitealot.Lastyeartherewereonlyfourteen.Whydoyouwanttoinvitesomanypeople?M:Mum,it’saspecialyear!I’mturningthirteen,andit’sabigdeal.Thirteenthbirthdaypartiesarepopular.MyfriendMatthadabigonelastyear,andallhisfriendsandneighborscame.W:Iunderstand,butourhouseistoosmallforsomanypeople.We’llhavetofindadifferentplacetohavetheparty.Doyouhaveanyideas?M:BlueFrogistheplaceforafamilyorfriendstogettogether.Itisnearourschool.W:Alright.Uptoyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．Whatisthemainindustryinthewoman’shometownnow?A．Fishing. B．Sheepfarming. C．Potatogrowing.9．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’shometown?A．It’sremendedfortravelling.B．It’saplacewithpleasantweather.C．It’snotagoodplacetomakealiving.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Hello,IamareporterfromtheNewsDaily.CanIaskyouafewquestionsaboutyourhometown?W:Yes,please.M:Isfarmingthemainindustryhere?W:Well,actually,no.Thereusedtobealotofsheepfarmingandfishingbutrecentlyalotofpeoplehavestartedgrowingpotatoes.M:Isee.Ah,what’stheweatherlike?W:Insummer,wegetsomefairlyniceandsunnydays,withatemperatureofabout20degreescentigrade.Inwinter,theaveragetemperatureisabout8degreescentigrade,anditgetsalittlewet.M:Soundslikeagoodplace.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10．Whoworkswithcars?A．Phil. B．Chris. C．Theman.11．Whatdoesthemanwantintheapartment?A．Twobedrooms.B．Abathroomwithashower.C．Twobathroomsandakitchen.12．Whichpartofthecitydoesthemanliketolivein?A．Thenorth. B．Thewest. C．Theeast.【答案】10．A11．B12．B【原文】W:Hello,Reynoldsestateagentshere.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hellothisisbill.I’mringingtoseewhatflatsyouhaveforrent.Threeofusaregoingtoshareone.W:Isee,areyoustudents?M:No,we’veallgotfulltimejobs.Twoofusworkinthecentralbank.That’sChrisandme.AndPhilworksforHarlemcars.W:AndIsupposeyou’llbelookingforsomewherewiththreebedrooms.M:Yeah,atleastthree.W:Isthatwithalivingroomtoshareplusthekitchenandabathroom?M:Thatsoundsgood.Butwemusthaveabathroomwithashower.Wedon’tmindhavingabath,buttheshoweriscrucial.W:Okay.I’lljustkeythatin.Areyouinterestedinanyparticulararea?M:Wellthecitycenterisourfirstpreference.Butwe’dconsideranythinginthewesternsuburbs.Wearen’tinterestedintheNorthortheeastofthecity.W:OK,I’mjustgettingupalltheflatsonourbooks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13．Whoistheman?A．Ahost. B．Afarmer. C．Abusinessman.14．WhydidthewomanstarttheFoodExchange?A．Tosavemoney. B．Toavoidwastingfood. C．Tobringpeopletogether.15．WhereistheFoodExchange?A．Inasupermarket. B．Inabackyard. C．Bytheroadside.16．WhatdoesthewomanbringtotheFoodExchange?A．Jam. B．Driedfruit. C．Freshvegetables.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．A【原文】M:Weletotoday’sprogram.WehaveLisaGayewithus.Goodmorning,Lisa.W:Morning,everyone!M:YourFoodExchangereallytakesourtownbystormthesedays,Lisa.About1,000peopleintownhavejoinedit.Wheredidyougetthisbrilliantidea?W:Well,myneighborhasplentyofvegetablesinherbackyard.Sheoftensharesthemwithme,ortheymaygobad.So,Icameupwiththeideaofstartingafoodexchange.Inthisway,peoplecansharefoodwitheachother.Nofoodwillgotowaste.M:Niceone!We’veheardthattheFoodExchangewasbuiltbytheroadside,right?W:Yeah.Actually,it’sjustasimplewoodenstand.Peoplebringtheirhomegrownvegetablesandfruitsthereandtakehomewhattheywant.Andthey’reexpectedtopostavideoorsomephotosontheirsocialmedia.Thus,othersknowwhathasbeenaddedortaken.M:Whataboutthosepeoplewhodon’tgrowanything?W:Haha,I’moneofthosepeople.Iusuallytakesomefreshfruit,jamordriedvegetablesthere.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17．WhatdoweknowaboutFLVS?A．Itisapublicschool.B．Itsteachersarevirtual.C．It’sUSA’slargestschool.18．WhatcanwesayaboutthecoursesofferedbyFLVS?A．Cheap. B．Flexible. C．Academic.19．HowmanyoptionsaretheretotakethecoursesatFLVS?A．2. B．3. C．4.20．WhatshouldhedoifTomwantstoattendFLVSasahomeschoolstudent?A．Provehe’s18. B．Passanexamonline. C．Getparents’permission.【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．C【原文】M:Hi,everyone.Todaylet’slearnsomethingaboutanonlineschoolcalledFloridavirtualschool.FlVSforshort.It’sAmerica’sfirstandlargestonlinepublicschoolandprovideseducationaloptionsthatareobviouslydifferentthanmosttraditionalschools.OurprogramsareFree,ourteachersarereal.Thecourseworkisreal,andthegradesthestudentshavearealsoreal.Everythingisonline,sostudentscanworkaccordingtotheirownschedule,studyingfromanyplaceandatanypace.Actually,studentshavetheseoptionsatFLVStheycansignupforafewonlinecourseswhilestillattendingatraditionalschoolorstudyonlineasahomeschoolstudentorevenattendourFLVSfulltime,whichisapublicschoolthatoperatesonatraditional180dayschoolyear.Studentswillbeofferedthecertificatesafterpassingtheexamwhenyou’rereadytosignup,pletethesignupprocess.Ifyou’reahomeschoolstudent,yourparentsmustapprovetheregistration.MarkSpencer,theschooldirectorsaysfindingtherightonlineschoolcanbroadenastudent’seducationalpossibilities.第二部分

閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)

（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（原創(chuàng)試題）題源：AdaptedfromtheYewChungEducationFoundationwebsiteOverseasLearningProgramsforStudentsTheSomersetYewWahClassroom,UK,offersadistinctiveEnglishlanguageandlifeeducationprogramtailoredforGrade6,Grade8,andGrade10students.Establishedin2006,theSomersetEnglishlearningandculturalcenterprovidesstudentswithanauthenticEnglishenvironmentexperience.LocatedinatraditionalEnglishvillageinSomerset,Sibley’sBarnandtheKnowleHallcampusofferstudentsauniquesettingforlearning.TheKnowleHallcampus,anewlyrenovatedVictorianeracountryhousebuilton15acresoflandinbeautifulopenparkland,wasestablishedin2016.Thisprogramenhancesstudents'selfconfidence,independence,teamwork,andleadershipskills,ultimatelycontinuingtobenefitthemupontheirreturntoChina.WorldClassroomTheWorldClassroomprogramisanextensionoftheprojectbasedlearningapproachatthecoreoftheYewWaheducationalmodel.Itallowsstudentstoexploremajorculturesworldwide,includingEuropean,African,MiddleEastern,Pacific,andAngloAmericancultures.Thisimmersiveexperiencebroadensstudents'perspectives,promotescriticalthinking,andfostersanappreciationfordiverseviewpoints,preparingthemtothriveinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.ExperiencingChinaTheExperiencingChinaprogramofferssecondarystudentstheopportunitytodelveintoChinesehistoryandculturebyvisitingvariousregionsofthecountry.Thisresidentialprogramnotonlydeepensstudents'understandingoftheirownculturebutalsoexposesthemtofirsthandcrossculturalexperiences.Throughtheseexperiences,studentsdevelopcriticalthinkingskillsandcultivateanappreciationfordifferentcultures,ultimatelyshapingthemintoglobalcitizenswithamitmenttoservingtheirmunitiesandsociety.TripsandExcursionsTripsandexcursionsareintegraltothestudents'learningjourney,providingopportunitiestoexpandtheirhorizons,enrichtheirexperiences,andstrengthentheirmunicationandproblemsolvingskills.TheHongKongHike,atraditionalannualoutdooractivity,challengesstudentstorelyonteamworkandpersonaldeterminationtoovereobstaclesandreachtheirdestination.Parentshavenotedsignificantpositivechangesintheirchildrenafterparticipatinginsuchactivities,includingincreasedmaturity,independence,andresponsibility.WhatistheprimaryfocusoftheSomersetYewWahClassroomprogram?A.Culturalexchange B.ScienceeducationC.Languageimmersion D.Historicalstudies22.WhatistheobjectiveoftheWorldClassroomprogram?A.Topromotelocalculture B.ToexplorediverseculturesworldwideC.Tofocusonprojectbasedlearning D.Todevelopleadershipskills23.Howdotripsandexcursionscontributetostudents'development?A.ByprovidingopportunitiesforlanguagelearningB.ByenhancingteamworkandproblemsolvingskillsC.ByemphasizingacademicachievementD.Byofferingculturalexchangeexperiences【答案】21．C22．B23．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了耀華教育基金會(huì)提供的海外學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目，包括SomersetYewWahClassroom在英國的英語語言和生活教育課程、WorldClassroom項(xiàng)目、ExperiencingChina項(xiàng)目以及各種旅行和郊游活動(dòng)。這些項(xiàng)目旨在幫助學(xué)生拓展視野、增強(qiáng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和解決問題的能力，并提供跨文化交流的機(jī)會(huì)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生成為具有全球視野和服務(wù)社會(huì)承諾的全球公民。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。文章提到SomersetYewWahClassroom項(xiàng)目是一個(gè)英語語言和生活教育項(xiàng)目，旨在幫助學(xué)生提高英語語言能力。在項(xiàng)目描述中提到，“Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoengageinavarietyoflanguagerichactivities,includingdiscussion,debate,andpresentations,andwillbenefitfromimmersiveEnglishlanguageexperiencesbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.”這表明該項(xiàng)目將提供各種語言豐富的活動(dòng)，并提供課內(nèi)外的英語語言沉浸體驗(yàn)，因此主要焦點(diǎn)是語言沉浸，選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。文章中介紹了WorldClassroom項(xiàng)目允許學(xué)生了解全球主要文化，包括歐洲、非洲、中東、太平洋和英美文化。在描述該項(xiàng)目時(shí)提到，“Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoexploreawiderangeofculturesacrosstheglobe,includingEuropean,African,MiddleEastern,Pacific,andAngloAmericancultures.”這表明該項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是讓學(xué)生了解并探索全球多樣化的文化，選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。文章提到旅行和郊游活動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)學(xué)生依靠團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和個(gè)人決心克服障礙，這種挑戰(zhàn)可以幫助學(xué)生提高團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和解決問題的能力。在描述這些活動(dòng)時(shí)提到，“OutdoorpursuitslikehikinginHongKongchallengestudentstorelyonteamworkandpersonaldeterminationtoovereobstacles.”這表明這些活動(dòng)有助于提高學(xué)生的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和解決問題的能力，選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。BEarlyon,SandraMarshallshowedatalentandloveforart.ANewYorknative,Sandraowesherpassionforart,andherthirstforlearning,tochildhoodtripsintoNewYorkCitytovisitthemuseums,andgalleries.AfterSandrareceivedaBachelorofArtsdegreefromArizonaStateUniversity,sheworkedasaportraitpainterandmural(壁畫)artistbutturnedtofoodartwhenherdaughterdeclaredshewouldnolongereatmeat.Sandrastartedexploringwithfruitsandvegetablestomakecookingmorefun,andwasinspiredbythecolorsofnature.Shewouldwritestoriesaboutherdinnertimeartpiecessoherchildrenwouldseethemagicinproduce.In2014,SandraopenedastudiocalledBe...AnArtistStudio,whichweledartiststoeandlearnmanydifferenttypesofart.Paintnights,sculptingnights,liveentertainmentandeventuallyacookingschool,allcametogetherandhelpedtobringthemunitycreatingtogether.Shewasfeaturedonmanytelevisionnetworksdisplayingherpassionsforthearts.SandrabeganpostinghercreationsonsocialmediawhichledtoherfirstpublishedbookOneHotNightattheVeggieBar.In2019,Sandraclosedherstudiotoexpandandbringarttomorepeople.Thisalsogavehermoretimetocreateandexplorehetownart,includingherfoodart.Sandrahostedpaintingevents,paintingwiththousandsofpeopleatherlargeBe...AnArtistevents,suchastheNationalFootballLeague’sownersmeetingin2019whereshepaintedwiththeNFLownersandtheirfamilies.Sandraisnowworkingwithschools,bringingthejoyofcreatingtochildrenandtheirfamilieswithher“SuccessForAll”paintingprogramsthatnresupportedbythesalesofherfoodartbooksandgrantsgiventotheschools.Lastyearalone,shepaintedwiththousandsofchildrenandtheirfamiliesoverZoom.24．ForwhatreasondidSandrachangeherarttheme?A．Shegotboredwithmuralart.B．Shewasattractedbythecolorsofnature.C．Shewantedtointroduceherdaughtertoart.D．Shehopedtomakecookingmoreappealing.25．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A．Sandra’sinfluence. B．Sandra’sartstyles.C．Sandra’sachievements. D．Sandra’sfutureplan.26．WhatdidSandradotopromoteart?A．Shewrotebooksonart. B．Sheheldlargepaintingevents.C．Sheopenedherownstudio. D．Shebegantotrydifferenttypesofart.27．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A．TheStorybehindFoodArtB．TheRiseofBe...AnArtistStudioC．ATripShapingSandra’sArtisticCareerD．SandraMarshall:fromaPortraitPaintertoanArtAdvocate【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了SandraMarshall通過不斷努力從一個(gè)肖像畫和壁畫畫家到一個(gè)藝術(shù)提倡者，并宣傳和推動(dòng)藝術(shù)的故事。。24．推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“AfterSandrareceivedaBachelorofArtsdegreefromArizonaStateUniversity,sheworkedasaportraitpainterandmural(壁畫)artistbutturnedtofoodartwhenherdaughterdeclaredshewouldnolongereatmeat.Sandrastartedexploringwithfruitsandvegetablestomakecookingmorefun,andwasinspiredbythecolorsofnature.(桑德拉從亞利桑那州立大學(xué)獲得文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位后，曾擔(dān)任肖像畫家和壁畫藝術(shù)家，但在女兒宣布不再吃肉后，她轉(zhuǎn)向了食品藝術(shù)。桑德拉開始探索水果和蔬菜，讓烹飪變得更有趣，她的靈感來自大自然的顏色。)”可知，桑德拉改變她的藝術(shù)主題，她希望讓烹飪變得更有吸引力。故選D。25．主旨大意題。由文章第三段“In2014,SandraopenedastudiocalledBe...AnArtistStudio,whichweledartiststoeandlearnmanydifferenttypesofart.Paintnights,sculptingnights,liveentertainmentandeventuallyacookingschool,allcametogetherandhelpedtobringthemunitycreatingtogether.Shewasfeaturedonmanytelevisionnetworksdisplayingherpassionsforthearts.SandrabeganpostinghercreationsonsocialmediawhichledtoherfirstpublishedbookOneHotNightattheVeggieBar.(2014年，桑德拉開了一家名為Be……的工作室。一個(gè)藝術(shù)家工作室，歡迎藝術(shù)家們來學(xué)習(xí)許多不同類型的藝術(shù)。油漆之夜、雕刻之夜、現(xiàn)場娛樂活動(dòng)，最終還有一所烹飪學(xué)校，所有這些都聚集起來，幫助把社區(qū)創(chuàng)造在一起。她曾在許多電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)上亮相，展示了她對藝術(shù)的熱情。桑德拉開始在社交媒體上發(fā)布她的創(chuàng)作，這使得她出版了第一本書《在素食酒吧的一個(gè)炎熱的夜晚》。)”可知，第三段主要介紹了Sandra的成就。故選C。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Sandrahostedpaintingevents,paintingwiththousandsofpeopleatherlargeBe...AnArtistevents,suchastheNationalFootballLeague’sownersmeetingin2019whereshepaintedwiththeNFLownersandtheirfamilies.(桑德拉舉辦了繪畫活動(dòng)，和成千上萬的人一起畫畫。一個(gè)藝術(shù)家的活動(dòng)，比如2019年美國國家橄欖球聯(lián)盟的老板聚會(huì)，在那里她和NFL的老板以及他們的家人一起畫畫。)”可知，桑德拉為促進(jìn)藝術(shù)舉辦大型繪畫活動(dòng)。故選B。27．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“AfterSandrareceivedaBachelorofArtsdegreefromArizonaStateUniversity,sheworkedasaportraitpainterandmural(壁畫)artistbutturnedtofoodartwhenherdaughterdeclaredshewouldnolongereatmeat.(桑德拉從亞利桑那州立大學(xué)獲得文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位后，曾擔(dān)任肖像畫家和壁畫藝術(shù)家，但在女兒宣布不再吃肉后，她轉(zhuǎn)向了食品藝術(shù)。)”和文章第四段中“In2019,Sandraclosedherstudiotoexpandandbringarttomorepeople.Thisalsogavehermoretimetocreateandexplorehetownart,includingherfoodart.

(2019年，桑德拉關(guān)閉了她的工作室，以擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，把藝術(shù)帶給更多人。這也給了她更多的時(shí)間去創(chuàng)作和探索小鎮(zhèn)藝術(shù)，包括她的食物藝術(shù)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了SandraMarshall通過不斷努力從一個(gè)肖像畫和壁畫畫家到一個(gè)藝術(shù)提倡者，宣傳和推動(dòng)藝術(shù)的故事。故選D。CBiologymaynotbeeverything,butgenesapparentlyhaveafargreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.Similaritiesrangingfromhobbiestobodilygesturearebeingfoundinpairsseparatedatbirth.Manyofthesebehaviorsare“thingsyouwouldneverthinkoflookingatifyouweregoingtostudythegeneticsofbehavior,”sayspsychologistThomasJ.

Bouchard,Jr.,directoroftheMinnesotaCenterforTwinandAdoptionResearchattheUniversityofMinnesota.Bouchardreportsthatsofar,exhaustivepsychologicaltestsandquestionnaireshavebeenpletedwithapproximately50pairsofidenticaltwinsrearedapart,25pairsoffraternaltwinsrearedapartandparisongroupsoftwinsrearedtogether.“Wewereamazedatthesimilarityinpostureandexpressivestyle,”saysBouchard.“It’sprobablythefeatureofthestudythat’sgrabbedusthemost.”Twinstendtohavesimilarmannerisms,gestures,speedandtempointalking,habitsandjokes.ManyofthetwinsdressedinsimilarfashiononemalepairwhohadneverpreviouslymetarrivedinEnglandsportingidenticalbeards,haircuts,glassesandshirts.Themoststrikingexampleofmonpsychopathology(精神病理學(xué))however,camefromapairoftwinsraisedapart.Onehadbeenrearedbyhisown(poor)familytheotherhadbeenadoptedintoa“goodsoliduppermiddleclassfamily.”Botharenowconsideredtobeantisocialpersonalities,sufferingfromlackofimpulsecontrol,andbothhavecriminalhistories.Althoughthetwinsshare,onaverage,50percentoftheirgenes,Bouchardsuggeststhattheoverlapisprobablyconsiderablymorewiththispair.Personalitysimilaritiesbetweentheidenticaltwinsraisedapartarealmostthesameastheyarewithidenticaltwinsraisedtogether,accordingtotheresultsofatestdevelopedbyUniversityofMinnesotapsychologistAukeTellegen.Hispersonalityquestionnairecontainsscalessuchas“socialcloseness,”“harmavoidance”and“wellbeing.”Theresearcherswereespeciallysurprisedtofindthat“traditionalism”atraitimplyingconservatismandrespectforauthoritycanbeinherited.Infact,saysBouchard,hisandotherstudieshavefoundabout11personalitytraitsthatappeartohavesignificantgeneticinput.Overall,theemergingfindingsoftheMinnesotastudyconstituteapowerfuldisproofofthosewhomaintainthatenvironmentalinfluencesaretheprimaryshapingforcesofpersonality.Thetextbooksaregoingtohavetoberewritten,Bouchardpredicts.28．WhydoesBouchardsaythesebehaviorsare“thingsyouwouldneverthinkoflookingatifyouweregoingtostudythegeneticsofbehavior?”A．Thesebehaviorsseemedtoounimportantforscientiststoobserve.B．Thesebehaviorsseemedtoointimatetoallowscientiststoobservethem.C．Psychologistsassumedtheseexternalcharacteristicscouldnotbebiologicallybased.D．Psychologistsassumedthecausesofthesebehaviorsweretooplicatedforcurrentmethodsofobservations.29．Theword“identical”(inpara.2)mostprobablymeans________.A．fashionable B．a(chǎn)like C．plex D．identified30．Accordingtothepassage,AukeTellegenagreesthat________.A．sometextbooksongenesandbehaviorwillberewrittenquitesoon.B．people’sbehaviorsandpersonalitiesdependatlargeontheirgenesC．hispersonalityquestionnairecanindicatepeople’s11personalitytraitsD．theenvironmentalinfluenceshavegreateffectonpeople’spersonalities31．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Twinsgenerallysharethesamehobbiesandgesturesiftheyareraisedapart.B．Geneshaveagreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.C．Peoplefromuppermiddleclassfamilyarethesameasthosefrompoorfamily.D．Twinstendtodressinsimilarfashionevenwhenbroughtupindifferentfamilies.【答案】28．C29．B30．B31．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域中關(guān)于基因?qū)θ祟愋袨橛绊懙难芯?，特別關(guān)注于同卵雙胞胎在分開撫養(yǎng)的情況下所展現(xiàn)出的相似性。文中提到了多項(xiàng)研究和測試結(jié)果，包括心理學(xué)家對雙胞胎行為特征的觀察和分析，以及基因在塑造性格特質(zhì)中所起的作用。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Biologymaynotbeeverything,butgenesapparentlyhaveafargreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.(生物學(xué)可能不是萬能的，但基因?qū)θ祟愋袨榈挠绊戯@然比人們通常認(rèn)為的要大得多)”以及Bouchard所說的話可推測，在過去的研究或認(rèn)知中，這些行為特征（如愛好、身體姿勢等）并沒有被認(rèn)為與生物學(xué)或基因有直接關(guān)系。因此，心理學(xué)家可能認(rèn)為這些外在特征不是基于生物學(xué)的，所以未將它們納入行為遺傳學(xué)的研究范圍。故選C。29．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Manyofthetwinsdressedinsimilarfashion(許多雙胞胎的穿著都很相似)”可知，許多雙胞胎的穿著都很相似；由此推知，劃線單詞所在句指的是這對從未謀面的男性所留的胡子、發(fā)型、所戴眼鏡等都很“相似”。選項(xiàng)A“fashionable(時(shí)尚的)”；選項(xiàng)B“alike(相似的)”；選項(xiàng)C“plex(復(fù)雜的)”；選項(xiàng)D“identified(經(jīng)鑒定的)”。故選B。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Personalitysimilaritiesbetweentheidenticaltwinsraisedapartarealmostthesameastheyarewithidenticaltwinsraisedtogether,accordingtotheresultsofatestdevelopedbyUniversityofMinnesotapsychologistAukeTellegen.Hispersonalityquestionnairecontainsscalessuchas“socialcloseness,”“harmavoidance”and“wellbeing.”(根據(jù)明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)心理學(xué)家AukeTellegen進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)測試的結(jié)果，分開撫養(yǎng)的同卵雙胞胎與一起撫養(yǎng)的同卵雙胞胎的性格相似度幾乎相同。他的人格問卷包括“社會(huì)親密度”、“避免傷害”和“幸福感”等量表)”可知，AukeTellegen認(rèn)為人們的行為和個(gè)性很大程度上取決于他們的基因。故選B。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Biologymaynotbeeverything,butgenesapparentlyhaveafargreaterinfluenceonhumanbehaviorthanismonlythought.(生物學(xué)可能不是萬能的，但基因?qū)θ祟愋袨榈挠绊戯@然比人們通常認(rèn)為的要大得多。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要討論了基因?qū)θ祟愋袨榈挠绊?，特別是通過雙胞胎研究來揭示基因在塑造個(gè)體行為中的角色。文章開頭就明確指出“基因顯然對人類行為的影響遠(yuǎn)比通常認(rèn)為的要大”，并通過多個(gè)例子和研究結(jié)果來支持這一觀點(diǎn)。因此，整篇文章的核心內(nèi)容是關(guān)于基因?qū)θ祟愋袨榈闹匾绊憽９蔬xB。DSmallbatteriesarebigproblems,butnobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.ResearchersattheCellulose&WoodMaterialsLaboratoryareworkingtoaddressthisproblem.Theirnewresearchpaperdescribesawateractivatedpaperbatterydevelopedfromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallypresentasustainablealternativetothemoreharmfulbatteriesmoninlowpowerdevices.Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeyponentsasstandardbatteriesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery,ithasapositivelychargedsidecalledacathode,anegativelychargedsidecalledananode,andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte(電解質(zhì))betweenthetwo.Atraditionalbattery’sponentsareencasedinplasticandmetal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.Sustainablematerialswereapreconditionfortheresearchers,whoconsideredonlysafeandplentifulingredientstocreatetheirdevice.“Wewerefairlyconfidentthatwewouldhavesomethingthatwouldworkintheend,butdevelopingthesematerialsandinksystemsischallenging,”saysGustavNystr?m,seniorauthorofthestudy.Aftertryinghundredsofformulationsforthebatteryponents,theresearcherssettledonagraphiteinktomakethecathode,azincinkfortheanode,andsaltfilledpapertocreatetheelectrolyte.Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisshelfstable.Addjustacoupleofdropsofwater,however,andthesaltdissolves,allowingelectronstoflow.Oncethepaperisdampened,thebatteryactivateswithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformancedeclinesasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatteryregainedfunctionalityandlastedanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.Althoughtheresearchersdemonstratedthattheirbatterycouldpoweranalarmclock,thepaperbatteriesareunlikelytoreplacestandardonesonstoreshelves.Nystr?menvisionsafuturewherethesepaperbatteriescouldmaketheirwayintoproductswithinthenexttwotofiveyears.“Theperformancethatyouseeonthisdevice,Ithink,issufficientforalotofotherapplicationsalready,”hesays.Itismostlyamatterofscalingupproductionandintegratingthebatteriesintosystemssuchasdiagnostictestsandenvironmentalsensors.”32．Howisthepaperbatterysimilartothestandardbattery?A．Theybothhavetwochargedsidesandanelectrolyte.B．Theyarebothpackagedinplasticandmetal.C．Thekeyponentsareenvironmentallyfriendly.D．Bothbatteriescanoperateforonlyanhour.33．________istheconditionforthepaperbatterytowork.A．Heatingthesalt B．WettingthepaperC．Dryingoutthebattery D．Chargingtheelectrons34．Nystr?mwillmostlikelyagreewiththepredictionthat________.A．majortechnologicalbreakthroughwillbemadeinthenearfutureB．a(chǎn)llhomeapplianceswillbepoweredbypaperbatteriesC．paperbatterieswillhavelongershelflifethantraditionalonesD．thefutureforawideapplicationofpaperbatteriesisnotfaroff35．Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthesignificanceofpaperbattery?A．Itadvancesthebatterymanufacturingindustry.B．Itisalowcostalternativetotraditionalbattery.C．Itisacreativewaytoreducepotentialewaste.D．Itturnsdangerousewasteintousefulproducts.【答案】32．A33．B34．D35．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了這種有環(huán)保材料開發(fā)的水活化紙電池比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電池對環(huán)境保護(hù)的益處以及工作原理。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeyponentsasstandardbatteriesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery,ithasapositivelychargedsidecalledacathode,anegativelychargedsidecalledananode,andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte(電解質(zhì))betweenthetwo.(紙電池的關(guān)鍵部件與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電池相同，但包裝不同。與典型的化學(xué)電池一樣，它有一個(gè)帶正電的一側(cè)稱為陰極，帶負(fù)電的一側(cè)也稱為陽極，兩者之間有一種稱為電解質(zhì)的導(dǎo)電材料)”可知，紙電池與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電池相似之處是都有兩個(gè)帶電面，陽極和陰極，以及一個(gè)稱為電解質(zhì)的導(dǎo)電材料。故選A。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Atraditionalbattery’sponentsareencasedinplasticandmetal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.(傳統(tǒng)電池的組件是用塑料和金屬包裹的，而新型電池的陽極和陰極是印在一張紙的正反面上的墨水。這張紙里裝滿了鹽，當(dāng)紙被水浸濕時(shí)，鹽就會(huì)溶解。由此產(chǎn)生的鹽水溶液充當(dāng)電解質(zhì))”可知，紙電池工作的條件是要把紙弄濕，鹽才會(huì)溶解，鹽水溶液才能充當(dāng)電解質(zhì)。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Wewerefairlyconfidentthatwewouldhavesomethingthatwouldworkintheend,butdevelopingthesematerialsandinksystemsischallenging,”saysGustavNystr?m,seniorauthorofthestudy.(該研究的高級作者GustavNystr?m說：“我們非常有信心，我們最終會(huì)有一些有效