2021年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選修6 Unit 4 Global warming-B卷

選修6Unit4Globalwarming（B卷）滾動提升檢測(全卷共四大題，滿分100分。請在40分鐘內(nèi)完成)班級____________學(xué)號____________姓名____________得分____________一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)AHaveyoueverthought,ifalliceinAntarcticaandthearcticmeltsduetotheglobalwarming,whatwillhappen?Butonethingissurewith100%certainty,penguinsinAntarcticandthearcticwillbeinbigtrouble.RisingtemperaturesincomingyearswouldleadtolessseaiceintheSouthernOceanthatsurroundsAntarcticaandfewerhabitatsandfeedinggroundsforpenguins,saystheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)initsreport2DegreesisTooMuch.AntarcticaandtheArcticarethemostthreatenedregionsfromclimatechange.IntheAntarctica,thetemperaturehasrisen2.5degreesinthepast50years.ThisspeedisnearlyfivetimesfasterthanthatbeforetheIndustrialRevolution.Itismainlycausedbyburningfossilfuels.Unlessnationsreducecarbondioxideemission,theworldwillwarmbyanaverageof2degreesinlessthan40years.Richnationsshouldagreetoreducegreenhousegasemission.TemperaturesnearthePoleshaverisenmuchfaster,whichhasledglaciersontheAntarcticPeninsulatomeltquickly.Thesituationisquitecritical,becauseinthepast50yearsthenumberofemperorpenguinshasdecreasedby50percentacrossthewholeAntarctica.OnthenorthwestcoastoftheAntarcticPeninsula,thenumberofAdeliepenguinshasdroppedsurprisinglyoverthepast25years.Fiftypercentofthehabitatsoftheemperorpenguinand75percentofthehabitatsoftheAdeliepenguinfacearapidreduction,orevendisappearance,iftheglobaltemperaturerises2degreesabovepre-industriallevels.Witha2-degreeincreaseinglobaltemperatureandthedecreaseinseaicethickness,emperorpenguinswillfinditdifficulttofindnewareastolive.Withlessseaice,penguinscouldbepushedfurthersouth,butthiscouldpreventthemfromhuntingforfoodduringthedarkwinters,becausetheyneedatleastafewhoursofdaylighttofindtheirfood.1.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_________.A.introducetheAdeliepenguinsandemperorpenguinstoreadersB.tellreadersabouttherisingtemperaturesintheAntarcticaC.tellreadersabouttheeffectofglobalwarmingD.warnpeoplethatAntarcticaisbecomingsmallerandsmaller2.Intheauthor’sopinion,whathascausedglobalwarming?A.Thatcarbondioxideemissionistoohigh.B.Thattheatmosphereoftheearthisbecomingthinner.C.Thattheearthisgettinghotterandhotter.D.Thattheuseofoxygenintheairisoutofcontrol.3.Fromthesecondparagraph,whatdoyouthinktheauthorwantstotellus?A.Temperatureswillriseinthecomingyears.B.Penguinswillsufferalotinthefuture.C.Seaicewilldisappearinthecomingyears.D.2degreeswillhaveagreateffectontheWWF.4.Theauthorimpliesthat_________.A.weshouldbeafraidofdangersfromglobalwarmingB.richnationsshouldbemoreresponsibleforglobalwarmingC.nowthespeedoftemperatureriseisfasterthanbeforeD.penguinswillfindanotherplaceinspiteofdecreaseinseaice5.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardstheconsequencecausedbyglobalwarming?A.Anxious.B.Optimistic.C.Hopeless.D.Painful.[助讀詞匯]Antarctican.南極洲arcticn.北極地區(qū)criticaladj.危險的pre-industrialadj.工業(yè)化以前的habitatn.棲息地threatenedadj.受到威脅的thicknessn.厚度thePoles兩極emperorpenguin皇企鵝decreaseby減少了Adeliepenguin阿德利企鵝theAntarcticPeninsula南極半島BGlobalwarmingcanleadtorisingsealevels,extremeweathereventsandchangesinprecipitation(降雨量).Globalwarmingcanalsoaffectagricultureandglaciermeltandcanfacilitate(促進(jìn))thespreadofdiseaseandtheextinctionsofspecies.So,itisnecessarytopreventglobalwarming.Buthowtodoit?Manycountrieshavebeenworkingtoreducegreenhousegasemission(排放)topreventglobalwarming.Drivinganenergy-efficientcarcanhelptopreventglobalwarmingbecausehybridcarscanrunongasandelectricity.Theaveragehybridcansave16,000poundsofcarbondioxideayear!Also,donotusehotwaterifwedonotneedto,likewhendoinglaundry.Andtakecarewithourappliances.Unplugthemwhenwedonotusethem.Inordertopreventglobalwarming,weshouldgetenergy-savinglightbulbs.Andwecanhelptopreventglobalwarmingifwebuyrecycledproducts,alsotrydonatingorsellinginsteadofthrowingaway.Besides,wecantrybuyingproductswithlesspackaging.Buyinginbulkcanmeanlesspackagingandlessmoneybeingspent.Whatismore,wecanplanttrees.Notonlydotheysuckupcarbondioxide,butalsotheyprovidecleanerairandsave2,000poundsofCO2ayear.Studentsshowedthatman-madeinfluencesareaddingtocycleconsiderably.So,howtopreventglobalwarming?Manywaysarealsobeingpusheduponsociety.Turnthelightsoff,turntheTVoff,walktotheshop,andbuyagreencar.Butcanalltheselittlethingsactuallyadduptomakeadifference?Ordoweneedtoputpressureonthecorporations.Thisiswheretherealemissionsarecomingfrom.Yesofcourseweneedtodoallthelittlethingsourselves.Onceagain,howtopreventit?Weneedourgovernmenttoimplement(落實)emergencylaws,usethepowerofmediatoinfluencethosewhoarenotawakeoraretoostubbornorselfishtodoanythingaboutit.Weneedtotakeastandnow.Inaword,therearemanywaystopreventglobalwarmingandwecanstopglobalwarmingifwetakeactiononit.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraphthat_________.A.sealevelswillrisewhenearthtemperatureisupto50°CB.theextinctionsofspeciesaremainlyduetohuman’sactivitiesC.extremeweathersareglaciermeltsareallnaturaleventsD.globalwarmingcanbringaboutmanybadinfluences2.Whichisnotthebehaviortohelptopreventglobalwarming?A.Driveandenergy-efficientorhybridcar.B.BuyrecyclablethingswithlesspackagingC.Unplugapplianceswhentheyaren’tbeingused.D.Don’tavoidusingenergy-savinglightbulbs.3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.globalwarmingcanbestoppedbyselflessstudentsB.thehumanhasanincreasingimpactontheenvironmentC.therealemissionsarefromhuman’sactivitiesatnightD.somepeoplearetoostubborntobepersuadedtotakeaction4.Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto_________.A.appealtoustotakeactionatoncetopreventglobalwarmingB.askustoplanttreeswhichcangivefreshairandabsorbCO2C.requireustopaymoreattentiontothechangesinweatherD.expectustoworkhardtoreducegreenhousegasemission5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.itisnecessarytopreventglobalwarming.B.Doinglittlethingscanmakeadifference.C.Howtopreventglobalwarming.D.Howtostoptherisingsealevels.[助讀詞匯]unplugvt.拔去……的插頭considerablyadv.相當(dāng)大地hybridadj.混合動力的appliancesn.電器stubbornadj.頑固的corporationn.企業(yè)inbulk散裝suckup吸收pushupon推向putpressureon…對……施加壓力emergencylaw應(yīng)急法制takeastand表明立場二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)NotonlytheChinesepeople,butalsomanypeoplefromotherpartsoftheworldsetofffireworksduringvarious1.EverySpringFestival,Chinesepeopleburnfireworksto2thearrivaloftheNewYear.It’sa3moment.Butdoyouknowthatyouareresponsibleforthe4?Youmightnotknowthatallthosecolorfulfireworksusedto5specialoccasionsmaycauseseriousenvironmentaldanger.Sowhenyouwanttobuysome6orevenattendafireworksdisplay,askyourselfthatwhetherthe7isreallyworthpollutingtheenvironment.Fireworkspolluteordamageourplanetin8ways.AirPollution:The9fromfireworksmainlyconsistsofpoisonousdusts,heavymetalsandotherpoisonouschemicalsorgases.Inaddition,theglobalwarmingis10takenourattentionatpresent,whichgets11byfireworks.Weneedtoworryaboutthegreenhousegasesthatfireworks12,includingcarbondioxideandozone(臭氧).Rubbish:Besidesthe13pollution,thereisrubbishcausedbythefireworks.Thistrashonthegroundisanuisance(令人討厭的東西),requiringextratimeandmoneyto14.Thegovernmenthasalreadybeenstrugglingwith15fromourdailylife,butfireworksonly16totheproblem.NoisePollution:Fireworkscanbe17.Inthemiddleofthenight,fireworksoften18peoplewhiletheyaresleeping.Noiseproducedbyfireworksat85decibels(分貝)orabovecandamage19.Somepeoplealsoarguethatthe20fromfireworksfrightensbabiesandpets.1.A.placesB.holidaysC.festivalsD.phenomena2.A.celebrateB.consumeC.renewD.subscribe3.A.mildB.happyC.steadyD.widespread4.A.contributionB.commitmentC.sloganD.environment5.A.appear B.consume C.celebrate D.refresh6.A.slogans B.fireworks C.circumstances D.appliances7.A.phenomenonB.measurement C.entertainmentD.trend8.A.various B.similar C.casual D.average9.A.material B.fuel C.range D.smoke10.A.increasinglyB.casually C.decreasinglyD.steadily11.A.better B.worse C.steadier D.clearer12.A.subscribeB.absorb C.advocate D.produce13.A.rubbish B.air C.noise D.water14.A.argue B.present C.state D.clean15.A.rubbishB.trouble C.confusion D.byproduct16.A.appeal B.add C.require D.subscribe17.A.renewableB.mild C.loud D.widespread18.A.disturbB.please C.excite D.cheer19.A.eyesightB.abilityC.hearingD.individual20.A.existence B.tendency C.quantity D.noise[助讀詞匯]extraadj.額外的strugglewith與……作斗爭beresponsiblefor對……負(fù)責(zé)specialoccasion特殊場合fireworksdisplay煙花表演consistof由……組成heavymetals重金屬poisonouschemicals有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)inaddition此外carbondioxide二氧化碳三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofalargepopulationhavelongbeenasubjectofdiscussion.It1(argue)thatthesupplyofgoodlandislimited.Tofeedalargepopulation,inferiorlandmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandworked2(intensive).Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwitha3(small)population.Oneofthe4(difficult)incarryingoutaworld-widebirthcontrolprogramisthatofficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountry.Inadevelopingcountry5avastlyexpandedpopulationispressingharduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,6willbethefirstconcernofgovernmenttoplacealimit7thebirthrate,whatevertheconsequencesmaybe.Adecreasingbirthratemayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsina8(decline)market.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousingdeclines,pricesalsodeclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.9(face)withsuchconsiderations,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstable10indecline.[助讀詞匯]inferioradj.劣地cultivatevt.培育；耕作obtainvt.獲得consequencen.后果stableadj.穩(wěn)定的averageincome平均收入carryout實行；貫徹indecline正在減少；在衰退中四、短文改錯（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。DearAbby,Howareyou?TodayIhavegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.IhadbeenofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaforyourfurthereducation.120studentstookexamsforit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.Thus,myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstmegoingthere.TheysayitissofarawaythattheywillnotseemeforthewholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.Theycan’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudyinthecapitalinstead.ThenIwouldbeabletocontinuelivingwiththem.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?Bestwishes,Jane選修6Unit4Globalwarming（B卷）滾動提升檢測參考答案一、閱讀理解(A)本文作者告訴我們，由于全球變暖，南極和北極的冰川將融化，生活在兩極的企鵝將面臨絕境。1.C主旨大意題。有文章首段第一句Haveyoueverthought,ifalliceinAntarcticaandthearcticmeltsduetotheglobalwarming,whatwillhappen?可知，本文主要就是全球變暖帶來的影響(文章主要提到對南極和北極的影響)。故選C最有概括性。2.A事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段Itismainlycausedbyburningfossilfuels.Unlessnationsreducecarbondioxideemission,theworldwillwarmbyanaverageof2degreesinlessthan40years.可知選A。3.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段RisingtemperaturesincomingyearswouldleadtolessseaiceintheSouthernOceanthatsurroundsAntarcticaandfewerhabitatsandfeedinggroundsforpenguins可知如果全球溫度上升，兩極的海冰將會減少，這就造成企鵝的棲息地和覓食區(qū)逐漸減少，這些都是企鵝在不久的將來遭受的困境。故符合B項。4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ThisspeedisnearlyfivetimesfasterthanthatbeforetheIndustrialRevolution.可推斷出C項。其他選項均無法在原文中找到相應(yīng)信息點。5.A作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段首句的Thesituationisquitecritical可知作者認(rèn)為情形(globalwarming)非常危險，反映出作者對此感到焦慮。故選A合適。其他選項均牽強。(B)本文主要告訴我們，我們應(yīng)該做點什么來防止地球變暖。1.D推理判斷題。由第一段中Globalwarmingcanleadtorisingsealevels,extremeweathereventsandchangesinprecipitation.Globalwarmingcanalsoaffectagricultureandglaciermeltandcanfacilitatethespreadofdiseaseandtheextinctionsofspecies.可知，全球變暖會造成很多糟糕的影響和后果。故選D正確。2.D事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的Inordertopreventglobalwarming,weshouldgetenergy-savinglightbulbs.可知D項與之相反。故選D。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首句Studentsshowedthatman-madeinfluencesareaddingtocycleconsiderably.可推斷出B項正確。其他選項均與原文不符。4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Inaword,therearemanywaystopreventglobalwarmingandwecanstopglobalwarmingifwetakeactiononit.可推斷出A。5.C主旨大意題。第一段的最后兩句So,itisnecessarytopreventglobalwarming.Buthowtodoit?便是主題句。把兩個句子綜合起來就是答案C。二、完形填空文章講述的是煙花爆竹對環(huán)境造成的污染。1.C根據(jù)前面的setofffireworks可知，理應(yīng)是在節(jié)日放煙花，故選C最符合語境。2.A根據(jù)常識以及空后的thearrivaloftheNewYear可知是慶祝新年的到來。故選A正確。3.B新年當(dāng)然是開心的時候。故選B正確。4.D下文是講環(huán)境污染問題，故選D合適。5.C根據(jù)空后的…specialoccasions可知C。celebratespecialoccasions意為“慶祝特殊場合”。6.B根據(jù)前面的thosecolorfulfireworks或空后的orevenattendafireworksdisplay可知選B。屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。7.C根據(jù)前面attendafireworksdisplay可知，煙花匯演是一種娛樂形式。故選C符合上下語境。8.A第二、三、四段分別是煙花爆竹產(chǎn)生的污染的三個方面。斟酌四個選項，只有A項最符合文意。invariousways意為“以不同的方式”，也就是下文的三種方式(AirPollution,Rubbish,NoisePollut