山東省濟(jì)南地區(qū)2020年人教版英語(yǔ)閱讀理解-七選五題型講與練學(xué)案(答案)

2020-2021學(xué)年九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解------七選五（答案）閱讀理解---七選五題型，設(shè)計(jì)七個(gè)選項(xiàng)和五個(gè)空白處，空白處通常設(shè)置在文章的標(biāo)題、段首、段中、段尾四個(gè)位置，針對(duì)不同的設(shè)空有不同的解題技巧。題型解題要求：1.題型解讀：1）試題模式：給出一篇缺少5個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求考生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。2）考查重點(diǎn)：主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說(shuō)明）3）選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)（考查角度）：①主旨概括句：多位于標(biāo)題或段首處，考察主旨和段首大意②過(guò)渡性句子多位于段落中間或段首處，承上啟下，考察文章內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)③細(xì)節(jié)性句子多位于段落中間或段尾處，考察上下文邏輯意義。2.解題原則:“分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱讀填空題解題的關(guān)鍵”。速讀全文（空格），關(guān)注每段首尾句，充分利用邏輯關(guān)系詞匯，理清全篇結(jié)構(gòu)與邏輯關(guān)系,了解大意知主題?！魹g覽選項(xiàng)，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，理解七個(gè)選項(xiàng)句子的具體語(yǔ)意?！艋氐娇崭裉?，根據(jù)空格在段落中的位置判斷設(shè)空類(lèi)型。（主旨；過(guò)渡；細(xì)節(jié)）。◆定位選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用線(xiàn)索特征詞匯，幫助推斷將選項(xiàng)填入文中?！舸_定排除，研究多余選項(xiàng)，確定排除理由。◆還回原文，最后再來(lái)順一遍，最終確定答案。3.考查重點(diǎn)：一、主旨題型（概括句）1)首段首句文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)2)中間段首句總結(jié)下文——本段主題3)末段首句靠上下文承接做題文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)解題策略：1)如果問(wèn)題在段首通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題

2)如果問(wèn)題在段尾通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如so,therefore,asaresult,inshort,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。二、細(xì)節(jié)題型（細(xì)節(jié)判斷推理）細(xì)節(jié)性問(wèn)題(多位于段落中間）。設(shè)題主要涉及具體的細(xì)節(jié)信息，或前后呼應(yīng)，或進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。一般根據(jù)前后句之間的關(guān)系即可判斷。注意三個(gè)銜接：1.詞匯銜接2.邏輯銜接3.結(jié)構(gòu)銜接設(shè)題特點(diǎn)：1)同詞出現(xiàn)法

詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯或者跟此詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密2)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫(xiě)作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。雙保險(xiǎn)：上下文再核實(shí)一下代詞線(xiàn)索

英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。4)邏輯關(guān)系銜接解答議論文體的閱讀填句題,首先要把握好所論述的中心問(wèn)題.通常所挖空缺與選項(xiàng)都以一條主線(xiàn)為主。其次,此類(lèi)文章中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些邏輯關(guān)系詞,對(duì)于理解文章與判定答案很有幫助。如:(1)并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系and,also,too,either,besides,even,inthesameway,atthesametime,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,first,then,next,aboveall(首要的是）等。(2)轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系but,yet,however,although,though,eventhough,evenif,等。(3)例證關(guān)系forexample,foronething,thatis,等。(4)因果關(guān)系：because,for,since,as,therefore,so,so…that,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,forthisreason,ofcourse5)數(shù)字線(xiàn)索

包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯等。作者列出數(shù)字，除了和其他數(shù)字進(jìn)行對(duì)比和比較之外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)。

6)時(shí)間關(guān)系：atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具體的時(shí)間。

（一）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。（2019年九年級(jí)U9-14綜合復(fù)習(xí)）Recently,averysimplequestionbecamewidelyspreadonline:WhatshouldChinabeproudof?1.__________Lanlan,whoserealnameisNegarKordi,isfromCanada.ShecametoChinafiveyearsagoandisastudentatNingboUniversity,Nowshehas120,000fansontheInternetandthenumberisstillgrowing.LanlanlovesChinaandChinese.2._______Andthat’swhysheissowellreceivedamongChinesenetfriends.ThefollowingisChinainhereyes.“Itistheeasiestcountryinwhichtofindajob.Ifyouarenottoolazy,itisreallyverysimpletofindajobinChina.Ibelievethere’remorejobchancesherethanthatinanyothercountryintheworld.”“3._______About400millionChinesearestudyingEnglish.IftheycanspeakgoodEnglishinthefuture,ChinawillhavethegreatestnumberofEnglishspeakersofanynon-Englishspeakingcountry.”“ThespeedofChinesetrainsisfast.FromNingbotoBeijing,thetrainruns1,365kilometersforsevenhoursandtheticketfareisonly596yuan.”“Itspublicsecurityisgreat.4._________Ihavetraveledinmanycountries,andIthinkChinareallyisverysafe.”“TherearemuchmorethingsChinashouldbeproudof.ManyChinesepeopleoftencriticize(批評(píng))China.Atfirst,Ibelievedthattheydidn’tlikeChinaorthatlovedWesterncountries.Butlater,IrealizedthattheyjustsetaveryhighstandardforChina.5.____________”Chinamustbemuchbetterthanothercountries.”A.Theforeignlanguagelevelissurprising.B.Thiscountryof1.4billionpeoplemakesmefeelsafe.C.AforeigngirllivinginChinagaveaverytouchinganswer.D.Theyalltakeprideintheirhomeland.E.Somanypoliceacrossthecountrygivemeenoughsafety.F.Theybelievethatit’snotenoughtobenumberoneintheworld.G.ShebelievesChinawillbethestrongestcountryintheworldinfuture.（二）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。（2019年九年級(jí)Unit14單元）Withoutafriend，theworldislikeadesert.Toomanypeoplewantotherstobetheirfriends，buttheydon’tgivefriendshipback.1._________Tohaveafriend,youmustlearntobeone.Youmustlearntotreatyourfriendthewayyouwantyourfriendtotreatyou.Learningtobeagoodfriendmeanslearningthefollowingrules.2._________Friendsmustbeabletotrustoneanother.Ifyoudon’ttellthetruth,peopleusuallyfindout，andyoumayloseyourfriend’strust.Goodfriendsalwaystrustinoneanothertospeakanddothingshonestly.Generositymeanssharingandsharingmakesafriendshipgrow.Youdon’thavetogiveyourlunchmoneyoryourclothes，ofcourse.3._________Thesecanbevaluabletoafriend.Theytellyourfriendswhatisimportanttoyou.Bysharingthem，youhelpyourfriendsknowyoubetter.Everyoneneedsunderstandingandhelpwithaproblem.4.___________Talkingabouttheproblemcanmakeiteasiertosolve.Turningtoafriendcanbeafirststepinsolvingtheproblem.Sotobeafriendyoumustlistenandunderstand.Youmusttrytoputyourselfinyourfriend’splace,soyoucanunderstandtheproblembetter.Notwofriendshipsareeverexactlysimilar.5._________Infact,goodfriendshipwilljustnoteasilylast.Thatistosay,youmustgiveasmuchasyoutake,orfriendshipwilldieaway.A.Keepyourfriend’sfeelingsinmind.B.Insteadyoushareyourideasandfeelings.C.Somethingmaygowrongatschool.D.Thatisoneofthecauseswhysomefriendshipsdon’tlastverylong.E.Onewaytodothisistobehonestwithafriend.F.Butalltruefriendshipshavethreethingsincommon.G.Honestyiswhereagoodfriendshipstarts.（三）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。（2020年濟(jì)南歷下區(qū)期中）Whenhewas9yearold,FelixFinkbeinergaveaspeechonClimate(氣候)changeinfrontoftheclass.TheyoungGermanspokeaboutdeforestation(砍伐森林)101_____________.Attheendofhistalk,hecalledonthepeopleofhiscountrytohelpbyplantingonemilliontrees.Itwashardtobelievethatsuchagreatideawascomeupwithbya9-year-oldboy.Beforehewas20,however,hishardworkhadresultedintheplantingofmorethan14billion(十億)treesaroundtheworld.Finkbeinerandhisclassmatesbegantheprojectnamed“Plant-for-the-Planet”byplantingthefirsttreeoutsidetheirschool.Otherschoolsjoinedtheprojectandfollowedthemtoplanttrees.102_____________Asaresult,FinkbeinerwasaskedtospeakataUnitedNationsConference(聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì))inNewYockwhenhewasjust13.Duringhisspeech.Finkbeinersaidthatwecouldn’tdependonadultsalonetosaveourfuture.103______________.Finkbeinerisnowinhistwenties,andPlant-for-the-Planetisanorganizationwitharound70,000members.104________________andtochallengethemtoplantmoretrees.Germany’sonemillionthtreewasplantedlongago.Thenumberoftreestheywanttoplantmowwillincreaseto1,000,billion—about150foreverypersonontheEarth.Finkbeinercontinuestogivetalksonclimatechangetoworldleaders.105____________Andtheywillnotwait20or30yearsforourgenerationtogrowup.Wedon’thavethattime.Allwecandoispushpresentworldleadersintherightdirection.”A.Theprojectthathecameupwithcouldn’thelpanyschools.B.Thennewsoftheone-millionchallengesspreadeverywhere.C.Theorganizationworkstoteachpeopleaboutclimatechange.D.Inhisspeech,hepointedoutitseffects(影響)ontheplanet.E.Instead,hebelievedthefuturecouldbesavedbyyoungpeople.F.Thetreestheyplantedweredeadbecauseofthebadweather.G.Hedoesn’tthinktheyoungcangiveupoutthisgenerationofadults.（四）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。（2019年Unit13單元）1.____________Theanswerformostpeoplewouldbeyes.Butwheredoesourrubbishgo?Itdoesn’tjustsitintherubbishbin.Everyday,workerscometotaketherubbishfromourrubbishbins.Theyputitintoabigtruckandcarryittolandfills（垃圾填埋場(chǎng)）.Atthelandfill,peoplesort（分類(lèi)）therubbish.Theyrecyclesome,burnsomeandbury（埋）someofitunderground.2.___________Itmeansthatlessrubbishendsupinlandfills.Landfillscanalsobebadfortheenvironment.SomanyChinesecitiesencourageeveryonetosortouttheirrubbishbeforethrowingitaway.Putthefoodinonebag.Puttheplasticbottlesinanother.Andthrowintherightrubbishbins.Inthisway,wecanhelpsavealotoftime,moneyandenergyforallofsociety.3._________Sotheyhavehigherrecyclingrates（比率）.InSweden,only4percentofhouseholdwasteendsupinlandfillseveryyear.InJapan,peoplerecyclenearly50percentofallrubbish.ThereisstillalottodowhenitcomestorubbishsortinginChina.Peopleinthecountrymakeabout300milliontonsofrubbisheveryyear.4.________Therestofitendsupinlandfills.Mostofitisunsorted.Thegoodnewsisthatmanycitiesaretryingdifferentwaystomakethingsbetter.Beijingwillstartanewprogramtoimproverubbishsortingnextyear.Ifpeoplesortouttheirrubbish,they’llgetWechatbonuspoints.5___________.A.Buttheyonlyrecyclelessthanaquarterofthewaste.B.Didyouthrowsomethingawaytoday?C.Mostforeigncountriesdonothavesortingsystems.D.Themorerubbishgetsrecycled,thebetter.E.Manyforeigncountrieshavegoodsortingsystem.F.Parentsshouldeducatekidstothrowawaylessfood.G.Theycanexchangethebonuspointsforshoppingcards!（五）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。（2019年濟(jì)南天橋區(qū)期末）ManyforeignershavethethoughtthateveryoneinChinaknowshowtodokungfu.Thisis,ofcourse,asillybelief.101Likemostpeoplefromthewesterncountries,IwasfirstintroducedtokungfuthroughHongKongactionfilms.102ThecoolandwonderfulperformancestheygaveinfilmsmadethemwellknownintheUSandsomeothercountries.IthinkthemostexcitingonesincludeRumbleInTheBronxandEnterTheDragon.However,myownpersonalinterestinkungfuwasactuallyinspiredbyahip-hopgroup.Wu-TangClanwasfoundedintheearly1990sinNewYorkCity.103Intheirsongs,theysometimesmentionphilosophicalconcepts（哲學(xué)理念）thatcomefromwudangquan一thestyleofChinesemartialartsfromwhichtheytaketheirname一andtheShaolinMonastery.IwasjustateenagerwhenIfirs