2022-2023學(xué)年安徽省馬鞍山市高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省馬鞍山市2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分):聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheexam?A.Easy. B.Creative. C.Difficult.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:IthinkIcangetanAinthisexam.It’snotsodifficultasfarasI’mconcerned.M:Really?Thisexamisarealkillerforme.I’llbesatisfiedifIcangetapassmark.2.WhenwillLinda’sinterviewbegin?A.At9:00. B.At9:30. C.At9:50.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Linda,youonlyhavehalfanhour.Hurryup,oryou’llbelatefortheinterview.W:Don’tworry,dear.It’sonly9:00now.Theinterviewhasbeendelayedby20minutes.3.Whydoesthemancometothelibrary?A.Toreturnabook. B.Torenewabook. C.Toborrowabook.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:I’dliketorenewthisbook,please.Hereismylibrarycard.W:Letmecheck.Sorry,butyouhaveanotherbookthatisoverdue.Youneedtoreturnitfirst.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabakery. B.Inazoo. C.Inarestaurant.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Mum,Ididn’thavebreakfast.IfeelIcaneatahorsenow.W:Dear,thisbakeryhasintroducedsomenewtypesofcakesrecently.Youcanchoosewhatyoulike.Thenwe’llhavelunchwithyourdadinanewrestaurant.M:Great!5.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?A.Anewsreporter. B.Ashopassistant. C.Atravelagent.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:Goodmorning,sir.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Well,I’dliketoasksomethingaboutthepackagetouryouadvertisedinthelocalnewspaper.W:OK.Whatexactlydoyouwanttoknow?M:Hmm…willtheguidetakeustosomeshoppingmalls,forexample?第二節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘:聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemanworkingfor?A.Apress. B.Aschool. C.Abookstore.7.Whatisthewoman’splantoday?A.Toreadabook. B.Toattendaninterview. C.Tomeetherclassmates.〖答案〗6.A7.B〖解析〗M:Hi,Tina.Haven’tseenyouforagessincewegraduatedfromcollege.W:Hi,Jack.How’severything?M:Notbad.W:Whereareyouworking?M:Alocalpress.W:Soundscool!Bytheway,willyougototheclassreunionnextSaturday?M:That’sforsure.Well,wouldyouliketogototheXinhuaBookstorewithmenow?It’sagoodplacetoread.W:I’dloveto,butIhaveajobinterviewintwohours.M:Oh,goodluck!SeeyounextSaturday.W:Seeyouthen.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdidthemanenjoydoingduringhisbreak?A.Readingnovels. B.WatchingTV. C.Playinggames.9.Howlongdidittakethemantorecoverfromhisankleinjury?A.Fiveweeks. B.Sixweeks. C.Sevenweeks.〖答案〗8.A9.B〖解析〗M:Ihurtmyanklewhilerunningsevenweeksago.ThedoctortoldmetostayathomeandrestuntilIrecovered.W:Itmustbeboringtostayathome.M:That’swhatIthoughtatfirst,too.InsteadofwatchingTVandplayingcomputergames,Ifoundmyselfahobby—readingnovels.W:Well,itsoundslikeyouhadaprettygoodtime.Whenwillyoubeabletogorunningagain?M:ActuallyIrecoveredaweekago,butIwanttofinishthenovelI’mreadingbeforeIstartrunningagain.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Co-workers. B.Relatives. C.Strangers.11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inataxi. B.Atabusstop. C.Atasubwaystation.12.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Introducehertohisfriend. B.Treathertolunchtoday. C.Helpherifshegetslost.〖答案〗10.C11.B12.C〖解析〗W:Sorrytobotheryou,butdoesthisbusgotothebusinessdistrict?M:Itdoes.Why?Doyouworkdownthere?W:Yes.I’msupposedtobeattheACMEBuildingby9:00,butIdon’tthinkI’mgoingtomakeitontime.M:Well,Iworkinthebuildingjustacrossthestreetfromyou.W:Really?Actually,it’smyfirstdayonthejob.Doyouthinkitwouldbefasterifwesharedataxi?M:Inthistraffic,itwon’tmakeadifference.Ifyouruntothesubwaystation,youmightcatchthenexttrain.Thatwilltakeyoustraightthere.W:I’mnotfromaroundhere.I’dprobablygetlost.M:Noproblem.Hey,doyouhaveWeChatonyourphone?W:Yes,Ido.I’mCareBear99.M:OK,I’llsendyouafriendrequestnow.Ifyougetlostorneedsomeonetoshowyouaround,I’dbehappytohelp.Maybewecanevenhavelunchtogethersometimenextweek.W:Sure,whynot?聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.WhatdoesCAPPhelpstudentstodo?A.Applyforajob. B.Dobusinesswell. C.Liveahealthylife.14.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherself?A.Sheiscurious. B.Sheisreliable. C.Sheisadventurous.15.Wherewillthemanprobablyvolunteer?A.Inaschool. B.Atanathleticstore. C.Onaconstructionsite.16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ajobplan. B.Futurecareers. C.Aschoolcourse.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.C〖解析〗W:Didyougetyournewschedule?Letmesee,Iwanttoknowifweareinsomeofthesameclasses.M:Sure.Hey,look!We’rebothinCAPP!I’mnotsurewhatitis.W:ItiscalledCareerandPersonalPlanning.EveryGrade12studenthastotakeit.M:Doyouknowwhatit’sallabout?W:Itteachesusaboutthebusinessworld.Actually,it’sabouthowtofindajob.Italsohelpsusdiscoverourstrengths,weaknesses,andinterests.M:Oh,Isee.SosinceIamcuriousandlikeadventure,Imightbeagoodreporter.Whatdoyouthinkisyourbestquality?W:IalwaysdowhatIsayI’mgoingtodo.Imean,youcanalwayscountonmeifyouneedsomething.M:Great!W:Wealsohavetovolunteeratajobforoneweekend.Ifyouwant,Icangetyouajobatmydad’sathleticstore.M:I’dratherworkwithsomeoneIknow.Mybrotherisbuildinghishouserightnow,andheneedssomehelp.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.HowmanykindsofteawillMsWeitalkabout?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.18.WhatwillMsWeidescribeaboutteainthefirstpartofthelecture?A.Itshistory. B.Itskinds. C.Itstastes.19.Inwhichpartofthelecturecantheaudiencemaketea?A.Thesecond. B.Thethird. C.Thefourth.20.Whenwillthefamouschefdeliveralecture?A.InApril. B.InMay. C.InJune.〖答案〗17.B18.A19.A20.B〖解析〗Thisweekend,therewillbeaspecialthree-hourlecturecalled“ThePerfectCupofTea.”MsWei,anInternationalteaexpert,willteachyoutheproperwaytopreparesomedifferentkindsoftea.Inherlecture,shewilltalkaboutIndianblacktea,NorthAfricanminttea,ChinesejasmineteaandEnglishmilktea.Duringthefirstpartofthelecture,MsWeiwilldescribethehistoryofteaandhowitspreadtodifferentareas.Inthesecondpart,theaudiencewillhaveachancetomakethefourdifferentkindsoftea.Youwilldiscovertheperfectwatertemperatureandcookingtimeforeachone.Inthethirdpart,youwilllearnhowtorecognizegoodtealeavesbyhowtheylookandsmell.Thelasthalf-hourofthelecturewillbereservedforquestions.Thisisthefirstlectureinaseries.Nextmonth,theheadofatwo-starrestaurantinNewYorkCitywilltalkabouthisamazingjourneyfromadishwashertoafamouschef.Thefollowingmonth,inJune,youwilllearninfourhourshowtomakeoneofthehardestdishes:Shanghaidumplings.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADesertsaredryecosystemsthatreceivelessthan250millimetresofrainfallayearonaverage.Herearetheworld’sseveralbigdeserts.AntarcticDesertAntarcticais,onaverage,thecoldest,windiestanddriestofalltheworld’scontinents.Withanaverageannualrainfallofjust166millimetresalongthecoastalregionsandevenlessfartherinland,itmeetsthestandardofadesert.Thecontinenthasonlyplantsthatcanliveinaregionsocoldanddry.AustralianDesertTheAustraliandesertconsistsofteninterlinkedsmallerdeserts.Together,theycover18percentofthemainlandandcontributetomakingAustraliatheworld’sseconddriestcontinent.Thedesertsarefarfromdeserted,populatedbynativeanimalslikekangaroos.ArabianDesertTheArabianDesertcoverstheentireArabianPeninsulaandcontainstheRub’al-Khali,oneoftheworld’slargestcontinuousbodiesofsand.Bedouins,thenativepeople,havecrossedthesesandsforcenturies,drivingsheep,cattle,camelsandgoatsintothedesertduringtherainywinterseasonandmovingbacktowardfarmlandduringthedrysummermonths.KalahariDesertStrictlyspeaking,theKalaharidoesn’tmeetthestandardofadesertasitswettestregionscanreceivemorethan500millimetresofraininverywetyears.However,itremainsextremelydry.Rainfilters(滲入)rapidlythroughthevastexpansesofsand,leavingnothingonthesurface.Theevaporation(蒸發(fā))rateistwiceasgreatastherainfallinthesouthwesternhalfoftheKalahari.Thedesertishometoseveralimportantnationalparksandreserves,providingsheltersforvariousspecies.21.Whichdesertismadeupofsmallerdeserts?A.AntarcticDesert. B.AustralianDesert. C.ArabianDesert. D.KalahariDesert.22.WhatdoweknowaboutBedouins?A.Theyareonthemove. B.Theyaregoodatgrowingplants.C.TheycomefromAustralia. D.Theybenefitfromlocaltourism.23.WhatisspecialaboutKalahariDesert?A.Ithasenoughrainfalls. B.Itcoversabigarea C.Itispoorlyprotected. D.Itdriesupquickly.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了沙漠是干旱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，每年平均降雨量不足250毫米。文章重點(diǎn)介紹了世界上的三個(gè)大沙漠?！即鸢浮?1.B22.A23.D21．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AustralianDesert中“TheAustraliandesertconsistsofteninterlinkedsmallerdeserts.”（澳大利亞沙漠由十個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的小沙漠組成。）可知，澳大利亞沙漠是由更小的沙漠組成的。故選B項(xiàng)。22．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArabianDesert中“Bedouins,thenativepeople,havecrossedthesesandsforcenturies,drivingsheep,cattle,camelsandgoatsintothedesertduringtherainywinterseasonandmovingbacktowardfarmlandduringthedrysummermonths.”（當(dāng)?shù)鼐用馚edouins人幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來一直穿越這些沙漠，在多雨的冬季把綿羊、牛、駱駝和山羊趕進(jìn)沙漠，在干燥的夏季回到農(nóng)田。）可知，Bedouins一直都在移動(dòng)中。故選A項(xiàng)。23．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KalahariDesert中“However,itremainsextremelydry.Rainfiltersrapidlythroughthevastexpansesofsand,leavingnothingonthesurface.TheevaporationrateistwiceasgreatastherainfallinthesouthwesternhalfoftheKalahari.”（然而，它仍然非常干燥。雨水迅速地沖刷著廣闊的沙土，在沙土表面上什么也沒有留下。蒸發(fā)速率是喀拉哈里西南半部降雨量的兩倍。）可知，卡拉哈里沙漠的特別之處是它干的特別快。故選D項(xiàng)。BIhavealwayshadpets.Myfirstanimalfriendswereguineapigs.AndthenItriedmybesttopersuademyparentstogetadog.ForsomereasontheydidnotseemtobelieveIwouldwalkthedogthreetimesaday,nomatterhowhardItried.Thenmymothersaidafriend’scathadhadkittensandwecouldgoandgetone.AtfirstIwasdisappointed,butwithtimeIlearnedtoloveourcatsomuchIhavehadcatseversince.Ijusthavetoremembertobolteverythingintoplace.IfIdon’t,thingsfly(theyseemtogetairbornewhencatsarearound—themoreexpensiveanobjectis,themoreitseemstoenjoyflying).Also,wateringplantsisnoproblem.Duringtheyearsalltheplantshavedisappearedexceptthecactuses(仙人掌).Theydon’tseemtointerestcatsmuch.Nordotheyneedmuchwater.Itwouldbenicetogetflowers,butIdoadviseagainstanyonebringingthemtome.Nomatterwhatflower—itisconsideredakittysnack.Changingfurnitureisnicetoo.Catshelpinlettingusknowwhenitistimetochangethesofa.EitherwhenthefabricstartstolooklikeEinstein’shairthathasbeencombedwithcats’paws(爪子),orwhennoamountofvacuuming(用吸塵器打掃)helpsinrevealingtheoriginalcolorofthecouch,thankstothegenerousdonationofcathair.Asoftsofaisnice,sure,butitsortofgetsabitembarrassingwhen,allourguestsleavethehousewithfur-trousers.Icouldgoonandontotellyoumoreinterestingstoriesbetweenusnexttime!24.Whydidtheauthor’sparentsturnhimdownwhenhewantedtohaveadog?A.Theydidn’tfavourdogs. B.Theydidn’tthinkhecouldattenddogswell.C.Theyhadalreadyhadapet. D.Theythoughtdogsmightmessthehouseup.25.Whichofthefollowingcanexplain“bolteverythingintoplace”underlinedinparagraph3?A.Keepeverythingfastened. B.Keepeverythingorganized.C.Haveeverythingprepared. D.Haveeverythingrepaired.26.Whatcanweinferabouttheplantsfromparagraph4?A.Theyarereplacedbynewones. B.Theyaresenttotheguests.C.Theyaremostlyeatenbythecats. D.Theyarefrequentlywatered.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocomplainabouthiscats. B.Tosharefunexperiencesofpettingcats.C.Tocomparehisdifferentpets. D.Tointroducehisskillsforkeepingpets.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要分享了作者養(yǎng)小貓的一些趣事?！即鸢浮?4.B25.A26.C27.B24．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ForsomereasontheydidnotseemtobelieveIwouldwalkthedogthreetimesaday,nomatterhowhardItried.(出于某種原因，他們似乎不相信我會(huì)每天遛狗三次，無論我多么努力。)”可知，作者的父母擔(dān)心作者不會(huì)每天遛狗三次，也就是說，父母是擔(dān)心他不會(huì)好好照顧寵物狗。故選B項(xiàng)。25．〖解析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語后的“IfIdon’t,thingsfly(theyseemtogetairbornewhencatsarearound—themoreexpensiveanobjectis,themoreitseemstoenjoyflying).(如果我不這樣做，東西就會(huì)飛起來（當(dāng)有小貓?jiān)诘臅r(shí)候，它們似乎就會(huì)飛起來——越貴的東西似乎越喜歡飛）。)”可知，劃線句子前面的內(nèi)容是說“我必須要記得做劃線短語那件事”，如果沒記住做這件事，家里的一切就會(huì)“飛”起來，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，所以為了防止一切不會(huì)“飛”起來，只能“把一切都固定好”符合邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)。26．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Nomatterwhatflower—itisconsideredakittysnack.(不管什么花——它都被認(rèn)為是小貓零食)”可知，小貓會(huì)把所有的花都當(dāng)成零食，由此可推斷，小貓會(huì)把這些花當(dāng)零食吃掉。故選C項(xiàng)。27．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Icouldgoonandontotellyoumoreinterestingstoriesbetweenusnexttime!(下次我可以繼續(xù)告訴你我們之間更多有趣的故事！)”可知，作者說下次繼續(xù)講述與小貓?jiān)谝黄鸬娜な?，由此推斷，本文寫作的目的是分享與小貓?jiān)谝黄鸬娜な?。故選B項(xiàng)。CAccompaniedbytypicalJinoperamusic,ared-facedperformerwithalongbeardshowedupatthehallofahighschoolinTaiyuan,ShanxiProvince.Allthestudentsinthehallstoodupandcraned(伸長)theirneckstogetabetterlook.Intheireyes,Jinoperawassomethingfromthepast.Theyarenotalone.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatkidsnowadaysaremuchmorefamiliarwithpopularmusicthantraditionalopera,whichiswhyperformingartistWuLingyun,togetherwithhiscolleagues,goestocampusestopromotetheart.WuLingyunisbestknownforhisroleasGuanGong,ageneralduringthelateHanDynastyperiod.Wubeganplayingtherolein1985,attheageof21,andhasbeenassociatedwithiteversince.Wuwassignificantlyinfluencedbyhisparents,bothofwhomarealsofamousJinoperaperformers.Withanaturaltalentforperformingandgreateffort,WuwassoonrecognizedbyaudiencesandlaterawardedtheChineseDramaPlumBlossomAwardin2000,thehighestawardforChinesedramaperformingarts.GivenWu’sconsiderablefame,onemightthinkhewouldnowprefertoenjoyalifeofleisure.However,thisisfarfromthecase.Deepdown,Wuhasabigdream.HepicturesagrowingfutureforJinopera.Wuexpectedmorechancesformorepeopletogettoknowabouttheart,hopingJinoperacouldbecomeaworldwideart.Wuhasalsomadesomechangestothetraditionalarttobringitup-to-date.“Jinoperashouldkeeppacewiththetimesifwewanttobringitbacktolifeandgettheyounggenerationtoacceptit,“hesays.“Anartwithoutlifecanneversurvive”“28.Howdidthestudentsreacttotheperformanceatthehall?A.Theybecamebored. B.Theygotdisappointed. C.Theyfeltcurious. D.Theylookedcasual29.WhatdoweknowaboutWuLingyun?A.Hegotatopawardin2000. B.Hestartedhisperformanceinhisteens.C.Henowenjoysaleisurelife. D.Hebecamefamousbecauseofhisparents.30.WhatdoesWuLingyunexpectofJinopera?A.It’llbestudiedasacollegemajor. B.It’llbeofficiallyrecognized.C.It’llhaveaneasierperformingform. D.It’llbepopularacrosstheworld.31.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWuLingyun?A.Humorous. B.Kind-minded. C.Cautious. D.Devoted.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是晉劇表演藝術(shù)家武凌云的藝術(shù)成就以及他推廣晉劇成為一門世界藝術(shù)的決心?！即鸢浮?8.C29.A30.D31.D28．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Allthestudentsinthehallstoodupandcraned(伸長)theirneckstogetabetterlook.Intheireyes,Jinoperawassomethingfromthepast.(大廳里的所有學(xué)生都站了起來，伸長了脖子，以便看得更清楚。在他們看來，晉劇是過去的東西。)”可知，孩子們伸長脖子一探究竟，由此可知，孩子們對(duì)這項(xiàng)藝術(shù)表演充滿了好奇。故選C項(xiàng)。29．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Withanaturaltalentforperformingandgreateffort,WuwassoonrecognizedbyaudiencesandlaterawardedtheChineseDramaPlumBlossomAwardin2000,thehighestawardforChinesedramaperformingarts.(憑借天生的表演天賦和巨大的努力，武凌云很快得到了觀眾的認(rèn)可，后來在2000年獲得了中國戲劇梅花獎(jiǎng)，這是中國戲劇表演藝術(shù)的最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。)”可知，武凌云在2020年獲得了中國戲劇界最高榮譽(yù)——中國戲劇梅花獎(jiǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。30．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Wuexpectedmorechancesformorepeopletogettoknowabouttheart,hopingJinoperacouldbecomeaworldwideart.(武凌云希望有更多的機(jī)會(huì)讓更多的人了解晉劇藝術(shù)，希望金戲能夠成為一門世界性的藝術(shù)。)”可知，武凌云希望更多人知道這門藝術(shù)，希望晉劇成為一門世界藝術(shù)，由此可知，他希望晉劇在全世界流行受歡迎。故選D項(xiàng)。31．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“GivenWu’sconsiderablefame,onemightthinkhewouldnowprefertoenjoyalifeofleisure.However,thisisfarfromthecase.Deepdown,Wuhasabigdream.HepicturesagrowingfutureforJinopera.Wuexpectedmorechancesformorepeopletogettoknowabouttheart,hopingJinoperacouldbecomeaworldwideart.(鑒于武凌云的名氣很大，人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為他現(xiàn)在更愿意享受悠閑的生活。然而，情況遠(yuǎn)非如此。在內(nèi)心深處，武凌云有一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)大的夢(mèng)想。他描繪了晉劇的成長未來。武凌云希望有更多的機(jī)會(huì)讓更多的人了解晉劇藝術(shù)，希望晉劇能夠成為一門世界性的藝術(shù)。)”以及尾段中的“Wuhasalsomadesomechangestothetraditionalarttobringitup-to-date.(吳還對(duì)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)進(jìn)行了一些修改，使其與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。)”可知，武凌云在取得一定成就后還要將晉劇推廣到世界，而且還對(duì)晉劇做出改變，使其與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，由此可推斷，武凌云是一個(gè)對(duì)自己的事業(yè)全身心投入的人。故選D項(xiàng)。DTogivegrasshoppers(蚱蜢)somecredit--jumpingacrossyardsandbetweenbranchestakesalotmoreexpertisethanitmightappear.Thereareincrediblytinyfactorstoconsider,suchastheresistanceinlaunchsurface,aswellasdesireddistance,speed,andlanding.Mostjumpingrobotscan’tcompetewiththeinsect,astheirjumpsarelimitedtostartingatopextremelyrigidsurfaces.ButanewbouncingrobotdevelopedbyresearchersinCarnegieMellon’sCollegeofEngineeringiscrossingthosebarriers,andshowingpromiseforhowautonomousdevicescouldoperateinthefuture.AteamofscientistsledbyprofessorofmechanicalengineeringSarahBergbreiterrecentlyoptimizedarobot’slatchmechanisms(彈簧機(jī)制)usedtoboostitupward.Previously,theselatcheswereprimarilythoughtofassimple“on/offswitchesthatenabledthereleaseofstoredenergy.However,Bergbreiterandherteamemployedmathematicalmodelingtoillustratethattheselatchesbothwerecapableofcontrollingenergyoutput,aswellascontrollingthetransfer(傳遞)ofenergybetweenthejumperandthelaunchsurface.Totesttheirwork,theteampositionedasmalljumpingrobotatopatreebranchandrecordedthepreciseenergytransfersinitsjumps’firstmoments.“Wefoundthatthelatchcannotonlymediate(調(diào)節(jié))energyoutputbutcanalsomediateenergytransferbetweenthejumperandtheenvironmentthatitisjumpingfrom,”saidBergbreiter.Nowthatresearchersbetterunderstandtheinteractionsatplayintheopeningmomentsofjumping,theycannowbeginworkingonwaystointegratethisintofutureroboticdesigns.“Ithasbeennearlyimpossibletodesigncontrolledinsect-sizedrobotsbecausetheyarelaunchedinjustmilliseconds,“explainedBergbreiter.“Now,wehavemorecontroloverwhetherourrobotsarejumpinguponefootorthree.It’sreallyfascinatingthatthelatch--somethingthatwealreadyneedinourrobots--canbeusedtocontroloutputsthatwecouldn’thavecontrolledbefore.”32.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowaboutthenewrobotbymentioninggrasshoppers?A.Itcomeswithtechnicaldifficulties. B.Itcanbeattheinsecteasily.C.Itisthefirstonedesignedforjumping. D.Itisshapedlikethetinycreature.33.WhatadvantagedolatchesdesignedbyBergbreiterhaveoverthetraditionalones?A.Theyarebetterpositionedinrobots. B.Theyhelpreleasemoreenergyatatime.C.Theyworkinextremeenvironments. D.Theyhavemorethanasinglefunction.34.WhatdoesBergbreiterthinkoftheirwork?A.Ithaschangedtheirresearchdirection. B.Itinspiresnewapplicationsofrobots.C.Itbringsthemasenseofachievement. D.Itwillmakerobotssmallerandlighter.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anewmodelforfuturerobots. B.Astepforwardinrobotdesign.C.Jumpingrobotsinspiredbygrasshoppers. D.Effortstodevelopinsect-sizedrobots.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科研團(tuán)隊(duì)通過優(yōu)化機(jī)器人的彈簧機(jī)制，使機(jī)器人的彈跳能力獲得極大的改良?！即鸢浮?2.A33.D34.C35.B32．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Thereareincrediblytinyfactorstoconsider,suchastheresistanceinlaunchsurface,aswellasdesireddistance,speed,andlanding.”（還有一些非常微小的因素需要考慮，比如發(fā)射表面的阻力，以及理想的距離、速度和著陸。）及第二段“Mostjumpingrobotscan’tcompetewiththeinsect,astheirjumpsarelimitedtostartingatopextremelyrigidsurfaces.ButanewbouncingrobotdevelopedbyresearchersinCarnegieMellon’sCollegeofEngineeringiscrossingthosebarriers,andshowingpromiseforhowautonomousdevicescouldoperateinthefuture.”（大多數(shù)跳躍機(jī)器人無法與該昆蟲競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)樗鼈兊奶S僅限于從極其堅(jiān)硬的表面開始。但卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)工程學(xué)院的研究人員開發(fā)的一種新型彈跳機(jī)器人正在跨越這些障礙，并顯示出未來自主設(shè)備如何運(yùn)行的前景。）可知，大多數(shù)彈跳機(jī)器人在彈跳能力上都無法與蚱蜢匹敵，但新型彈跳機(jī)器人正在克服這些障礙，提高彈跳能力，故作者提及蚱蜢卓越的彈跳力是為了展示新型彈跳機(jī)器人想要獲得類似的彈跳能力需要克服重重技術(shù)難關(guān)。故選A項(xiàng)。33．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句第三句“Previously,theselatcheswereprimarilythoughtofassimple“on/offswitchesthatenabledthereleaseofstoredenergy.However,Bergbreiterandherteamemployedmathematicalmodelingtoillustratethattheselatchesbothwerecapableofcontrollingenergyoutput,aswellascontrollingthetransfer(傳遞)ofenergybetweenthejumperandthelaunchsurface.”（以前，這些彈簧主要被認(rèn)為是簡(jiǎn)單的“開啟/關(guān)閉開關(guān)，可以釋放儲(chǔ)存的能量”。然而，Bergbreiter和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)使用數(shù)學(xué)建模來說明，這些彈簧既能能控制能量輸出，也能控制能量在跳線和發(fā)射表面之間的傳遞。）可知，和之前的彈簧機(jī)制比較，Bergbreiter的團(tuán)隊(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的彈簧功能更多。故選D項(xiàng)。34．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Now,wehavemorecontroloverwhetherourrobotsarejumpinguponefootorthree.It’sreallyfascinatingthatthelatch--somethingthatwealreadyneedinourrobots--canbeusedtocontroloutputsthatwecouldn’thavecontrolledbefore.”（現(xiàn)在，我們可以更好地控制我們的機(jī)器人是跳一英尺還是三英尺。這真的很吸引人，彈簧——我們?cè)跈C(jī)器人上已經(jīng)需要的東西——可以用來控制我們以前無法控制的輸出。）可知，Bergbreiter認(rèn)為他們的工作取得了重大的突破，給他們帶來了成就感。故選C項(xiàng)。35．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ButanewbouncingrobotdevelopedbyresearchersinCarnegieMellon’sCollegeofEngineeringiscrossingthosebarriers,andshowingpromiseforhowautonomousdevicescouldoperateinthefuture.”（但卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)工程學(xué)院的研究人員開發(fā)的一種新型彈跳機(jī)器人正在跨越這些障礙，并顯示出未來自主設(shè)備如何運(yùn)行的前景。）及第三段第一句“AteamofscientistsledbyprofessorofmechanicalengineeringSarahBergbreiterrecentlyoptimizedarobot’slatchmechanisms(彈簧機(jī)制)usedtoboostitupward.”（由機(jī)械工程教授SarahBergbreiter領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)最近優(yōu)化了用于推動(dòng)機(jī)器人向上跳躍的彈簧機(jī)制。）并結(jié)合下文彈簧機(jī)制優(yōu)化后的成效可知，本文主要介紹了通過優(yōu)化機(jī)器人的彈簧機(jī)制，機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)向前邁進(jìn)了一步。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowIImprovedMyLifein2022Bytheturnof2022,IthoughtIwaslivingmindfullyandrathersustainably.Ihadbeencomposting(做堆肥)fruitandvegetableleftovers,andrepairingmyownclothes.Butaslifewaseasingbackintonormal,certainaspectsmademefeeluncomfortable,liketheamountofplasticbeingthrownaway.____36____.ThesefeelingsmademerealizetherewasstillroomforimprovementandIwasupforitthroughouttheyear.Takeupwalking.Thebiggestchangethisyearformehasbeentotakeupwalkingwholeheartedly.Havingspentsomuchtimeindoors,IwantedtohaveagentleformofexercisewhereIcouldenjoytheoutdoors.Istartedwalking.Walkingconnectedmetothebeautifulcreaturesthatliveamongus.____37____.Tackleplasticwaste.ItwasonlyafterIstartedcompostingthatIrealizedhowmuchorganicwasteevenasmallhouseholdcouldgenerate.____38____Luckily,ourcityoffersadoor-to-doordrywasterecyclingservice,5Rcycle,thatvisitseverytwoweeksandcollectsit.____39____Refillsareagreatsolutiontosingle-useplasticsandtoreducemywastefootprint.EarlierthisyearIswitchedtoorderinghouseholdgoodsfromacompanythatsuppliesrefillsfororganickitchencleaners,toiletcleaners,andevenwashingmachinepowder.Establishamorningroutine.Wakingupearlycomeswithitsownsetofbenefits,namelyamorningroutine.IdosomemorningreadingbeforeIbrush,followedbymywalk.Then,Icyclefor20minutesbeforeIshower.____40____.Meanwhile,theykeepmyeveningsfreesothatIcanmeetfriends,read,orconnectwithfamily,andslowlypreparemybodytorestasnightapproaches.A.Uselessplastics.B.Switchtorefills.C.Ithelpedmetoreflectuponlife.D.Householdwasteiseasytodealwith.E.Theseactivitiespreparemefortheday.F.Ineededtofindasolutionforthewaste.G.Iwasalsofeelingunfitandunmotivated.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是作者如何改善自己2022年生活的?！即鸢浮?6.G37.C38.F39.B40.E36．〖解析〗根據(jù)空前“Butaslifewaseasingbackintonormal,certainaspectsmademefeeluncomfortable,liketheamountofplasticbeingthrownaway.(但隨著生活逐漸恢復(fù)正常，某些方面讓我感到不舒服，比如塑料被扔掉的數(shù)量。)”講述的是作者對(duì)生活恢復(fù)正常后的感受，結(jié)合空后的“ThesefeelingsmademerealizetherewasstillroomforimprovementandIwasupforitthroughouttheyear.(這些感覺讓我意識(shí)到還有改進(jìn)的余地，我一整年都在努力。)”可知，此空處應(yīng)該是指的作者的某種感受，G選項(xiàng)“Iwasalsofeelingunfitandunmotivated.(我也感到不合適和沒有動(dòng)力。)”講述的為作者的感受，also是關(guān)鍵信息，且與空后內(nèi)容吻合。故選G項(xiàng)37．〖解析〗根據(jù)空前的“Walkingconnectedmetothebeautifulcreaturesthatliveamongus.(步行將我與生活在我們中間的美麗生物聯(lián)系起來。)”可知，作者散步時(shí)把作者與周圍美麗的生物聯(lián)系在一起，結(jié)合空格所處的位置，此處是對(duì)該段的總結(jié)，C選項(xiàng)“Ithelpedmetoreflectuponlife.(它幫助我反思生活。)”中的it代指的內(nèi)容為空前的walking，且內(nèi)容與本段相吻合。故選C項(xiàng)。38．〖解析〗根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Tackleplasticwaste.(解決塑料垃圾問題。)”以及空后的“Luckily,ourcityoffersadoor-to-doordrywasterecyclingservice,5Rcycle,thatvisitseverytwoweeksandcollectsit.(幸運(yùn)的是，我們的城市提供了一個(gè)挨家挨戶的干垃圾回收服務(wù)，5Rcycle，每?jī)芍苌祥T收集一次。)”可知，此處講述的內(nèi)容與垃圾處理有關(guān)系，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Ineededtofindasolutionforthewaste.(我需要找到解決垃圾的方法。)”講述的是作者想找到處理垃圾的辦法，與本段主題吻合，且與下文內(nèi)容銜接恰當(dāng)。故選F項(xiàng)。39．〖解析〗分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為本段的主題句，應(yīng)為祈使句，結(jié)合空后的“Refillsareagreatsolutiontosingle-useplasticsandtoreducemywastefootprint.(補(bǔ)充裝材料是一次性塑料的絕佳解決方案，可以減少我的垃圾足跡。)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與補(bǔ)充裝材料相關(guān)，B選項(xiàng)“Switchtorefills.(轉(zhuǎn)換到補(bǔ)充裝。)”講述的內(nèi)容與本段內(nèi)容一致，句式與其他段落主題一致。故選B項(xiàng)。40．〖解析〗根據(jù)空前的“IdosomemorningreadingbeforeIbrush,followedbymywalk.Then,Icyclefor20minutesbeforeIshower.(在我刷牙之前，我會(huì)做一些早讀，然后散步。然后，我在洗澡前騎20分鐘自行車。)”可知，這些是作者早上的一些列的活動(dòng)，E選項(xiàng)“Theseactivitiespreparemefortheday.(這些活動(dòng)為我這一天做好了準(zhǔn)備。)”中的theseactivities指代的內(nèi)容與空前內(nèi)容一致。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therewasthisoneincidentinmylife,whereI’vewantedforaverylongtime,tobeabletosaythankyoutothepersoninvolved.The____41____happenedinJune,1975.Itbeganwhenmyfamily,consistingofme,myhusbandandourtwodaughters,aged14and15atthetime,____42____toCanada.Onlymy____43____hadtravelledabroadbefore.Formeandthechildren,thiswasourfirsttimeoutofthe____44____.WedidnotyethaveTVsinourhomecountry.Sowewere____45____aboutwatchingthein-flightmovies.Anairhostesscamearoundto____46____theheadphonestopassengers.Butwewereinforahuge____47____,sinceweweretoldthattheheadphonescost$1each.Thechildren____48____ifthey