2023-2024學(xué)年譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit5《Good manners》單元易錯(cuò)綜合練習(xí)（含答案解析）

2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)單元易錯(cuò)題綜合練習(xí)Unit5《Goodmanners》（時(shí)間：100分鐘，滿(mǎn)分：100分）第一部分選擇題一、單項(xiàng)選擇(本大題共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)1．Thereisabigstonemywaymywayhomeyesterday.A．a(chǎn)t;by B．in;by C．on;in D．in;on2．—I’mafraidthebagis________foryoutocarry.—Indeed,I’mnot________.A．tooheavy;enoughstrong B．lightenough;toostrongC．tooheavy;strongenough D．enoughlight;stronger3．Hardworkbringsus________,butifwearelazy,wewon’tbe________.A．success;success B．successful;successC．success;successful D．successful;successful4．—Isitpolitetospeakandlaughloudly________?—No,Idon’tthinkso.A．inpublic B．a(chǎn)tleast C．ontime D．intime5．________,weshouldmakesureweareallsafenow.A．Aboveall B．Afterall C．Atall D．Inall6．Theywere________busy________witheachother________thetime.A．so;talking;toforget B．too;talking;torememberC．too;totalk;toforget D．so;totalk;toremember7．—Whendidyougettoknowtheinformation?—____

I____yesterday.A．Until;told B．Notuntil;told C．Until;wastold D．Notuntil;wastold8．Thepurposeofnewinventionsistomakelifeeasier,itmoredifficult.A．notmake B．notmaking C．nottomake D．donotmake9．Wearegoingtohaveaparty________nextweek.A．sometimeB．sometimeC．sometimesD．sometimes10．MostBritishpeoplewillgreetyou________ahandshake.A．by B．with C．of D．for11．—Whatsubjectsshouldwe________whenwetalkwithBritishpeople?—Likeage,moneyandsoon.A．start B．learn C．a(chǎn)void D．know12．Mr．Graykeeps________basketballinordertokeep________.A．practisetoplay;healthy B．topractiseplaying;healthyC．practisingplaying;fit D．practisingplaying;health13．Ithink________isrudenottosay“sorry”whenyoubumpintosomeoneinthestreet.A．he B．that C．this D．it14．“___________”isusedforsayingthatwhatyoudoismoreimportantthanwhatyousayyouwilldo.A．Everydoghasitsday.B．Practicemakesperfect.C．Manyhandsmakelightwork.D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.15．—Let’sgoandlistentoMrSmith’sspeechonWesternculture,shallwe?—________It’sgettingtotheend.A．Whynot?B．That’sallright.C．I’mafraidnot.D．Nevermind.二、完型填空(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C和D選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Asweknow,therearedifferencesbetweenWesterncultureandChineseculture．Let’slookatthe____16____aboutanimalsandplants．MostexpressionsinChineseforthedog,____17____,“ahomelessdog”,“amaddog”,“arunningdog”and“adogcatchingamouse”,havenegative(消極的)meanings．____18____inWesterncountries,peoplethinkdogsarehonestand____19____friendsofhumans．InEnglish,peopleusethedogto____20____positive(積極的)actions．Forexample,“youarealuckydog”meansyouarea(n)____21____person．And“everydoghasitsday”meanseachpersonhasgoodlucksometimes．Todescribeaperson’sseriousillness,theysay“sickasadog”．Theword“dogtired”meansverytired．Chinese____22____catsverymuch．ButinWesternculture,peopleoftenuse“cat”todescribeacruel(殘酷的)woman．Theroseisregardedas(被看作)a____23____ofloveinbothChinaandsomeWesterncountries．Peoplethinktherose____24____love,peace,courageandfriendship．AndtheroseisthenationalflowerofEngland,Americaandmanyothercountries．Peopleindifferentcountriesusethewordsaboutplantsandanimalsinpositiveornegativeways．Wecan_____25_____manydifferencesinculturesbycomparing(比較)howsomewordsareused.16．A．books B．words C．lessons D．names17．A．forsale B．forexample C．forever D．forfree18．A．So B．And C．But D．Or19．A．sad B．good C．bad D．dangerous20．A．discover B．disagree C．describe D．decide21．A．interesting B．unlucky C．lucky D．useful22．A．hurt B．hate C．love D．bite23．A．example B．chance C．message D．symbol24．A．means B．finds C．knows D．needs25．A．talkabout B．learnabout C．thinkabout D．worryabout三、閱讀單選(本大題共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)ATablemannersaredifferentfromcountrytocountry．Ifyouvisitafriend’shomeforameal,it’sgoodtoknowaboutcertaincustoms．Morocco（摩洛哥）Inmanyhomes,peopleoftensitonthefloortoeatameal．Often,everyoneeatsfromthesameplate．Itisinthecenterofthetable．Onlyeatthefoodinfrontofyou．Don’treachacrosssomeoneforfood．Itiscommontouseyourfingerstoeatfood．Useonlyyourrighthandtoeat．Don’tsay“no”tofood．Ifthehost（主人）offersyoufoodordrink,takesomeandtryalittle．Alsoremember:Inmanyhomes,itiscommontotakeoffyourshoes．TheUnitedStatesInmosthomes,peopleusuallysitonchairswhentheyeatameal．Peopleeatfromtheirownplateorbowl,butsometimespeoplesharedesserts（甜點(diǎn)）．Ifyouwantsomething(forexample,thewater),askforit．Reachingacrosssomeoneisrude．It’sOKtoeatthingslikesandwiches,fruit,pizzaandsomekindsofmeatwithyourfingers．It’sOKtosay“no”tofoodifyoudon’tlikeit．Alsoremember:Peopleoftentalkwhentheyeatamealtogether.26．Itisgoodtoknowaboutcustomsinothercountriessoyoucan________.A．learnthelanguage B．eatmore C．a(chǎn)ctcorrectly D．makemoney27．InMorocco,peopleuse________toeatfood.A．onlythelefthand B．onlytherighthandC．bothhands D．justonefinger28．IntheUnitedStates,peoplesometimesshare________.A．a(chǎn)lltheirfood B．waterandotherdrinksC．meat D．desserts29．IntheUnitedStates,peopleoften________whentheyeatamealtogether.A．takeofftheirshoes B．reachacrosssomeoneforfoodC．talk D．keepsilent30．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．InMorocco,peopledon’teatfromthesameplate.B．InMorocco,whenthehostoffersyoufoodordrink,you’dbettersay“no”.C．IntheUnitedStates,peopleusuallysitonchairswhentheyeatameal.D．IntheUnitedStates,ifyoudon’tlikethefood,youshouldn’tsay“no”.BGoodmannersmeanpoliteness(禮貌)．Politenesscanbeseeninourdailylives,suchasinone’swayofdressing,speakingandstanding．Everyoneshouldpayenoughattentiontohismannersallthetime．Amanwithgoodmannersiswelcomedeverywhereandcanmakefriendseasily．Ontheotherhand,amanwithbadmannersisthoughttoberudeandnobodywantstobefriendswithhim．Hewouldfeellonelyandunhappy．Ifyouwanttobeapersonwithgoodmanners,youshouldlearntouseoneusefulexpressions,suchas“please”,“thankyou”,“excuseme”and“sorry”ondifferentoccasions．Also,wherehelpisneeded,youshouldbehappytohelpothers．Likecustoms（風(fēng)俗）,goodmannersmaybedifferentfromcountrytocountry．Goodmannersinonecountrymaynotbegoodinanother．Inordertobehavelikeapersonwithgoodmannersindifferentplaces,itisnecessaryforonetolearnaboutculturesofothercountries.31．Aperson’sgoodmannerscanbeseenfromthefollowingEXCEPT(除……以外)________A．dressing B．speaking C．standing D．sleeping32．Amanwithbadmannersisthoughtto________.A．bewelcomehereandthere B．makefriendseasilyC．berude D．enjoyhimselfallthetime33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“occasions”mean?A．機(jī)會(huì) B．次數(shù) C．場(chǎng)合 D．地點(diǎn)34．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Goodmannerscanmakeuslonelyandunhappy.B．Peoplewithgoodmannerssay“sorry”allthetime.C．Peoplewithgoodmannersarehappytohelpothers.D．Goodmannersarethesameallovertheworld.35．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Howtobecarefulinourdailylives. B．Howtomakefriendseasily.C．Howtosayusefulexpressions. D．Howtobeapersonwithgoodmanners.CDifferentcountrieshavedifferentcustomsingivingpresents．InChinayoumustnevergiveaclocktoaChineseperson,becausethepronunciationofthewordfor“clock”inChineseissimilartothepronunciationof“death”．Also,don’twrap(用……包裹)apresentinwhite,black,orbluepaper,becausetheyarethecolorsforfunerals(葬禮)．Don’tgiveaknife,becausesomethingsharpcancutafriendship.InRussiaifyougiveflowersaspresents,youhavetogiveanoddnumberofthem(One,Three,five,etc.)becauseevennumbersofflowersareforfunerals.InGermany,ifyouareinvitedtodinner,flowersaregoodpresentstotaketoyourdinnerhostess(女主人),butdon’ttakeherredrosesbecauseitmeansyouareinlovewithher．Don’ttakethirteenofanythingbecauseit’sanunluckynumber．Don’ttakeanevennumberofanything,either．Don’twrapyourpresentsinwhite,brown,orblackpaper.36．________mustneverbegiventoChinesepeopleaspresents.A．Flowers B．Clocks C．Clothes D．Food37．Peopledon’twrappresentsinblackorwhitepaperin________.A．Germany B．ChinaC．bothGermanyandChina D．bothChinaandRussia38．InRussian,ifyougiveflowersaspresents,youcangive________flowers.A．three B．two C．eight D．six39．WhatpresentscanyoutaketoyourdinnerhostessinGermany?A．Thirteenofsomething. B．Flowersexceptredroses.C．Anevennumberofsomething. D．Somethingwrappedinbrownpaper.40．Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.A．foreigners’presents B．flowersC．evennumbers D．differentcustomsingivingpresents第二部分課本知識(shí)應(yīng)用四、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空(本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分)41．Ihatepeoplewho________（亂扔垃圾）intheforest.42．I’msuretovisityou________（某時(shí)）nextyear．Don’tfeelsadnow.43．She________（冒險(xiǎn)）herownlifetohelpthisoldmanoutoftrouble.44．Oldpeoplealwayssay,“No________(疼痛),nogain.”45．—Comeon,Sandy．Everybodywillbeluckyor________（成功的）sometimeinhislife.—Thanks,I’lltryagain.五、用所給單詞的正確形式填空(本大題共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)46．Therearesomegoodtable________(manner)youshouldkeepinmind.47．It’s________(polite)tospeakloudlyinpublic.48．WeChineseoftengreeteachotherby_____(shake)hand.49．—Whosearethecameras?—Theyarethose________(Roman).50．Therewasalotof________(discuss)aboutthisreportonpeople’slivesincities.51．Stop________(talk),please．Let’sbeginourmeeting.52．________youever________(make)amodelshiplikethat?53．Thenurses________(benot)afraidwhentheywereontheplane.54．Myfatheroftentellsme________(notdrop)rubbishcarelessly.55．Hewastooexcited________(say)aword.56．Mybrothers________(discuss)amathsproblemwithCindywhenIarrivedhome.57．Thechildisoldenough________(dress)himselfwithouthismother’shelp.58．Allthepassengerstookturns________(get)onthecoach.59．He________(go)toHarvardUniversityafterhefinisheshighschoolinChina.60．—Whydon’tyougotothatshopanymore?—Theprices________(rise)alotrecently.六、完成句子(本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分)61．如果你去西方人家里做客，你一定得了解他們的餐桌禮儀。IfyouaregoingtovisittheWesterners,_________________________________.62．他正在當(dāng)眾演講。He___________________________________________________.63．我媽媽總說(shuō)“活到老，學(xué)到老”。Mymumalwayssays,“__________________________________________.”64．那兒的人們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)合舉止文明嗎？Dopeoplethere_________________________________________________?65．英國(guó)人通常用天氣來(lái)開(kāi)始一段談話(huà)。Britishusually_________________________________________theweather.七、短文首字母填空(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)所給的首字母提示，寫(xiě)出一個(gè)合適的單詞，使短文通順。TheChineseNewYeariscoming．AreyoureadytowelcometheYearoftheT____66____?InChineseculture,tigersareseenasthekingofalltheanimals．Theys____67____forpower,energy,andprotection．Tigersareregardedasb____68____animals,sothat’swhyyoucanseepicturesoftigersonthewallsofhouses．Theyaretop____69____usfromdisastersanddanger．Inoldtimes,somegreatgenerals(將軍)werecalledthe“tigergenerals”．It’ssaidthatpeoplewhowereb____70____intheYearoftheTigerarebrave,stronganddetermined(有決心的).I____71____oftigers,intheWest,lionsarethoughtasthekingofalltheanimals．Bravesoldierswerecalled“thelion”．InEurope,theanimalisanationalsymbolforEnglandasw____72____asforNorway,Spain,Belgiumand13othercountries.H____73____,intheWest,tigersarealsoseenasverypowerfulanimals．InEnglish,ifyouwantsomeonetoc____74____down,youcansaytothem“easytiger”．A____75____famousphraseis“eyeofthetiger”,whichmeanstohavewildnessandstrength.八、電子郵件(本大題共20分)76．假如你是李斌，你的美國(guó)筆友Ben將來(lái)中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)，他發(fā)電子郵件詢(xún)問(wèn)你中國(guó)的禮儀習(xí)俗。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，給Ben回一封電子郵件。提示：(1)初次見(jiàn)面要握手；(2)客人來(lái)訪(fǎng)時(shí),應(yīng)提供茶水；(3)接受禮物時(shí)要雙手接；(4)赴宴需準(zhǔn)時(shí)。要求：80詞左右。郵件的格式已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearBen,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiBin參考答案1．D【詳解】句意：昨天在我回家的路上，有一個(gè)大石頭擋住了我的路?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)。第一個(gè)空作者想表達(dá)“擋住了某人的路”用inone’sway；第二個(gè)空表示“在某人去某地的路上”用onone’sway+地點(diǎn)。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】way常用短語(yǔ)alltheway一直，完全bytheway順便地，附帶地說(shuō)說(shuō)bywayof1經(jīng)過(guò)，經(jīng)由2通過(guò)...的方法giveway1讓路2讓步，屈服inaway在某種程度上，從某一點(diǎn)上看gooutofone'sway特地，不怕麻煩地inthe/sb'sway擋道的，妨礙某人的makeone'sway去，前往，行進(jìn)makeway讓路，騰出地方或位置noway無(wú)論如何不，不可能2．C【詳解】句意：——我擔(dān)心這個(gè)包對(duì)于你來(lái)說(shuō)太重了而搬不動(dòng)它。——確實(shí)，我不夠強(qiáng)壯。考查副詞辨析以及enough的位置。too…to太……而不能……；be+adj+enoughtodosth足以……做某事。根據(jù)“foryoutocarry”可知，此處用too…to的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示太重而搬不動(dòng)。根據(jù)“Indeed”可知，同意對(duì)方的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，所以第二空表示自己確實(shí)不夠強(qiáng)壯，enough修飾形容詞要放在其后，故選C。3．C【詳解】句意：努力工作為我們帶來(lái)成功，但如果我們太懶惰，我們將不會(huì)成功?？疾樾稳菰~和名詞的用法。success成功，名詞；successful成功的，形容詞。空格一處作bring的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞形式；空格二處作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)，用形容詞形式。故選C。4．A【詳解】句意：——在公共場(chǎng)合大聲說(shuō)笑是禮貌的嗎？——不，我不這樣認(rèn)為?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)。inpublic公開(kāi)地，在公共場(chǎng)合；atleast至少；ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)；intime及時(shí)。根據(jù)“speakandlaughloudly”可知是在公共場(chǎng)合大聲說(shuō)笑。故選A。5．A【詳解】句意：首要的是，我們應(yīng)該確保我們現(xiàn)在都是安全的。考查副詞短語(yǔ)。Aboveall首要的是；Afterall到底、畢竟；Atall根本、究竟；Inall總共。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指的是首要是要保證全部人的安全。故選A。6．B【詳解】句意：他們忙著互相交談，忘記了時(shí)間?？疾閠oo...to...結(jié)構(gòu)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！懊τ谧瞿呈隆庇胋ebusydoingsth.來(lái)表示，先排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；若第一空填入so，則第三空應(yīng)填入thatforget(忘記)，構(gòu)成“so..．that...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“如此……以致于……”，故排除A項(xiàng)；若第一空填入too，則第三空應(yīng)填入toremember，構(gòu)成“too...to...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“太……而不能……”，B項(xiàng)符合句意。故選B。7．D【詳解】句意：——你什么時(shí)候知道的信息？——直到昨天我被告知我才知道?？疾檫B詞和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。until直到；not...until直到……才。分析句子可知主語(yǔ)I和謂語(yǔ)“tell告訴”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)bedone，排除AB；由語(yǔ)境可知此處表示“直到被告知才知道這個(gè)消息”，用not...until。故選D。8．C【詳解】句意：新發(fā)明的目的是為了使生活更容易，而不是使生活更難?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。istodosth,nottodosth是要做……,而不是做……。故選C。9．A【詳解】句意：我們打算下周的某個(gè)時(shí)間舉行一個(gè)聚會(huì)。考查近義詞辨析。sometime某時(shí)，不確定的時(shí)間；sometime一段時(shí)間；sometimes有時(shí)候；sometimes一些次，一些倍。根據(jù)“Wearegoingtohaveaparty...．nextweek.”可知，此處指不確定的將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間，用“sometime”。故選A。10．B【詳解】句意：大多數(shù)英國(guó)人會(huì)和你握手打招呼?？疾榻樵~辨析。by通過(guò)；with用；of……的；for為了。根據(jù)“greetsbwith...”意為“以……方式跟人打招呼”可知，應(yīng)該使用“with”。故選B。11．C【詳解】句意：——當(dāng)我們與英國(guó)人交談時(shí)，應(yīng)該避免哪些話(huà)題？——比如年齡、金錢(qián)等等?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。start開(kāi)始；learn學(xué)習(xí)；avoid避免；know知道。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中“age,moneyandsoon”可知，這是我們和英國(guó)人交談時(shí)應(yīng)避開(kāi)的話(huà)題。故選C。12．C【詳解】句意：Mr．Gray一直練習(xí)打籃球來(lái)保持健康?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和形容詞用法?！耙恢弊瞿呈隆庇胟eepdoingsth.來(lái)表示，“練習(xí)做某事”用practisedoingsth.來(lái)表示，“保持健康”用keephealthy/fit來(lái)表示。故選C。13．D【詳解】句意：我認(rèn)為當(dāng)你在街上撞到別人而不說(shuō)“抱歉”是粗魯?shù)??？疾閕t作為形式主語(yǔ)。he他；that那個(gè)；this這個(gè)；it它，可作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“isrudenottosay‘sorry’”可知，此處使用句型“itis+形容詞+nottodosth”意為“不做某事是怎樣的”，其中it為形式主語(yǔ)。故選D。14．D【詳解】句意：“說(shuō)得好不如做得好”是用來(lái)說(shuō)你所做的比你所說(shuō)的更重要。A．Everydoghasitsday．凡人皆有開(kāi)心日；B．Practicemakesperfect．熟能生巧；C．Manyhandsmakelightwork．眾人拾柴火焰高；D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords．說(shuō)得好不如做得好。結(jié)合句意可知，答案為D。15．C【詳解】句意：——我們?nèi)ヂ?tīng)史密斯先生關(guān)于西方文化的演講，好嗎？——恐怕不行。它馬上就要結(jié)束了?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Whynot為什么不呢；That’sallright沒(méi)關(guān)系；I’mafraidnot恐怕不行；Nevermind沒(méi)關(guān)系。由答句中“It’sgettingtotheend.”可知，講座快結(jié)束了，去聽(tīng)講座是沒(méi)有必要的了，故此處表示不同意別人的建議，選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。16．B

17．B

18．C

19．B

20．C

21．C

22．C

23．D

24．A

25．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要舉例講述了中西文化在關(guān)于表達(dá)動(dòng)物和植物語(yǔ)言上的不同。16．句意：讓我們看看關(guān)于動(dòng)物和植物的語(yǔ)言。books書(shū)；words語(yǔ)言，單詞；lessons課程；names名字。根據(jù)“Wecan...manydifferencesinculturesbycomparing(比較)howsomewordsareused”，可知文章是關(guān)于表達(dá)植物和動(dòng)物的語(yǔ)言。故選B。17．句意：在中國(guó)“狗”的大多數(shù)表達(dá)都有消極意義，例如“無(wú)家可歸的狗”、“瘋狗”、“走狗”和“狗拿耗子”。forsale出售；forexample例如；forever永遠(yuǎn)；forfree自由。根據(jù)下文的例子可知，此處是在舉例，用forexample。故選B。18．句意：但是在西方國(guó)家，人們認(rèn)為狗是人類(lèi)忠誠(chéng)的好朋友。So因此；And和，并且；But但是；Or或者。上文指出大多數(shù)關(guān)于狗的表達(dá)在中國(guó)有消極意義，下文指出在西方國(guó)家狗是人們忠誠(chéng)的好朋友，上下文轉(zhuǎn)折，用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。故選C。19．句意：但是在西方國(guó)家，人們認(rèn)為狗是人類(lèi)忠誠(chéng)的好朋友。sad悲傷的；good好的；bad壞的，糟糕的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。空處和形容詞“誠(chéng)實(shí)的”honest并列，應(yīng)為褒義詞good。故選B。20．句意：在英國(guó)，人們用狗來(lái)描述積極行為。discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；disagree不同意；describe描述；decide決定。根據(jù)下文的例子，可知此處是用狗來(lái)描述積極行為。故選C。21．句意：例如，“youarealuckydog”意思是你一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的人。interesting有趣的；unlucky不幸的；lucky幸運(yùn)的；useful有用的。根據(jù)“InEnglish,peopleusethedogto...positive(積極的)actions”,可知狗在西方國(guó)家是用來(lái)描述積極行為，空處為幸運(yùn)的。故選C。22．句意：中國(guó)人非常喜歡貓。hurt傷害；hate憎恨；love喜歡；bite咬。根據(jù)“ButinWesternculture,peopleoftenusecattodescribeacruel(殘酷的)woman.”，可知but轉(zhuǎn)折前后意思相反，中國(guó)人非常喜歡貓。故選C。23．句意：在中國(guó)和西方國(guó)家，玫瑰都被看作是愛(ài)的象征。example例子；chance機(jī)會(huì)；message信息；symbol象征。短語(yǔ)“……的象征”thesymbolof。故選D。24．句意：人們認(rèn)為玫瑰意味著愛(ài)、和平、勇氣和友誼。means意味；finds發(fā)現(xiàn)；knows知道；needs需要。根據(jù)句意可知，空處意為“意味著”。故選A。25．句意：我們可以通過(guò)比較語(yǔ)言的用法來(lái)了解文化中的很多差異。talkabout談?wù)?；learnabout了解；thinkabout思考；worryabout擔(dān)憂(yōu)。根據(jù)句意可知，通過(guò)比較語(yǔ)言的用法來(lái)了解文化差異，空處意為“了解”。故選B。26．C

27．B

28．D

29．C

30．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了不同國(guó)家的餐桌禮儀習(xí)俗。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tablemannersaredifferentfromcountrytocountry．Ifyouvisitafriend’shomeforameal,it’sgoodtoknowaboutcertaincustoms.”可知了解其他國(guó)家的習(xí)俗是很好的，這樣你才能正確地行事。故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Useonlyyourrighthandtoeat.”可知在摩洛哥，人們只用右手吃飯。故選B。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peopleeatfromtheirownplateorbowl,butsometimespeoplesharedesserts（甜點(diǎn)）”可知在美國(guó)，人們有時(shí)會(huì)分享甜點(diǎn)。故選D。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alsoremember:Peopleoftentalkwhentheyeatamealtogether.”可知在美國(guó)，人們?cè)谝黄鸪燥埖臅r(shí)候經(jīng)常聊天。故選C。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inmosthomes,peopleusuallysitonchairswhentheyeatameal.”可知在美國(guó)，人們吃飯時(shí)通常坐在椅子上。故選C。31．D

32．C

33．C

34．C

35．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了如何成為一個(gè)有禮貌的人。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“olitenesscanbeseeninourdailylives,suchasinone’swayofdressing,speakingandstanding.”可知禮貌體現(xiàn)在日常生活中，比如穿衣、說(shuō)話(huà)、站姿，不包括睡覺(jué)。故選D。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ontheotherhand,amanwithbadmannersisthoughttoberudeandnobodywantstobefriendswithhim”可知，沒(méi)有禮貌的人被認(rèn)為是粗魯?shù)?。故選C。33．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttobeapersonwithgoodmanners,youshouldlearntouseoneusefulexpressions,suchas‘please’,‘thankyou’,‘excuseme’and‘sorry’ondifferentoccasions”可知，如果你想要成為一個(gè)有良好禮儀的人，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)在不同的場(chǎng)合使用“請(qǐng)”、“謝謝”、“勞駕”和“對(duì)不起”。由此推知?jiǎng)澗€(xiàn)詞意為“場(chǎng)合”。故選C。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Also,wherehelpisneeded,youshouldbehappytohelpothers.”可知，在幫助需要的地方，你應(yīng)該很高興去伸出援助之手，所以有禮貌的人是樂(lè)于助人的。故選C。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了如何成為一個(gè)有禮貌的人。故選D。36．B

37．C

38．A

39．B

40．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了不同的國(guó)家的送禮習(xí)俗。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InChinayoumustnevergiveaclocktoaChineseperson,becausethepronunciationofthewordfor‘clock’inChineseissimilartothepronunciationof‘death’.”可知，時(shí)鐘絕對(duì)不能作為禮物送給中國(guó)人。故選B。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Also,don’twrap(用……包裹)apresentinwhite,black,orbluepaper,becausetheyarethecolorsforfunerals(葬禮).”和最后一段“Don’twrapyourpresentsinwhite,brown,orblackpaper.”可知，在中國(guó)和德國(guó)，人們不用白紙或黑紙包裝禮物。故選C。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InRussiaifyougiveflowersaspresents,youhavetogiveanoddnumberofthem(One,Three,five,etc,)”可知，在俄羅斯，如果你送花作為禮物，你必須送奇數(shù)朵花；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InGermany,ifyouareinvitedtodinner,flowersaregoodpresentstotaketoyourdinnerhostess(女主人),butdon’ttakeherredrosesbecauseitmeansyouareinlovewithher.”可知，在德國(guó)，鮮花是送給女主人的好禮物，但不要送她紅玫瑰。故選B。40．主旨大意題，根據(jù)“Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustomsingivingpresents.”和全文可知，本文主要介紹了不同的國(guó)家有不同的送禮習(xí)俗。因此，本文是關(guān)于不同國(guó)家的送禮習(xí)俗。故選D。41．litter【詳解】句意：我討厭在樹(shù)林里亂扔垃圾的人。litter“亂扔垃圾”，動(dòng)詞，作定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，先行詞“people”是復(fù)數(shù)，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，描述一般的情況用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此litter用動(dòng)詞原形。故填litter。42．sometime【詳解】句意：我肯定明年某個(gè)時(shí)候去拜訪(fǎng)你?，F(xiàn)在不要難過(guò)。sometime“某時(shí)”，副詞，表示不確定的某個(gè)時(shí)間。故填sometime。43．risked【詳解】句意：她冒著生命危險(xiǎn)幫助這位老人擺脫困境。risk“冒險(xiǎn)”，動(dòng)詞，作謂語(yǔ)，描述過(guò)去的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，risk變過(guò)去式為risked。故填risked。44．pain【詳解】句意：老人們總是說(shuō)：“沒(méi)有付出就沒(méi)有收獲?！眓o后接名詞，“疼痛”的名詞是pain，在此是不可數(shù)名詞。故填pain。45．successful【詳解】句意：——加油，Sandy。每個(gè)人一生中的某個(gè)時(shí)候都會(huì)很幸運(yùn)或成功。——謝謝。我會(huì)再次嘗試。分析句子可知，此處作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)用形容詞successful“成功的”。故填successful。46．manners【詳解】句意：你應(yīng)該記住一些良好的餐桌禮儀。根據(jù)“Therearesomegoodtable...”可知此處表示“餐桌禮儀”，英文表達(dá)為“tablemanners”。故填manners。47．impolite【詳解】句意：在公共場(chǎng)合大聲說(shuō)話(huà)是不禮貌的。Itis+形容詞+todosth.意為“做某事是……的”。根據(jù)“It’s..．tospeakloudlyinpublic.”可知，空格處填形容詞，表達(dá)“不禮貌的”，用“impolite”。故填impolite。48．shaking【詳解】句意：我們中國(guó)人經(jīng)常用握手來(lái)問(wèn)候?qū)Ψ?。shake“握手”，動(dòng)詞；介詞by后應(yīng)跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填shaking。49．Romans’【詳解】句意：——照相機(jī)是誰(shuí)的？——它們是那些羅馬人的。those后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)Romans“羅馬人”，根據(jù)“Theyarethose...”可知此處指這些照相機(jī)是羅馬人的，故用名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式Romans’。故填Romans’。50．discussion【詳解】句意：這份關(guān)于城市居民生活的報(bào)告引起了人們的很多討論。discuss“討論”，動(dòng)詞，“alotof”修飾名詞，discuss的名詞形式是discussion，此處不可數(shù)。故填discussion。51．talking【詳解】句意：請(qǐng)不要說(shuō)話(huà)。我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)吧。stoptodosth．停下來(lái)去做某事，停下正在做的事情，去做另外一件事情，stopdoingsth．停止做某事，不做某事。由“Let’sbeginourmeeting.”可知不要說(shuō)話(huà)了，用talking。故填talking。52．

Have

made【詳解】句意：你做過(guò)那樣的船模型嗎？make“制作”，動(dòng)詞，作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“ever”可知，時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone，主語(yǔ)是“you”，助動(dòng)詞用have，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Have；made。53．werenot##weren’t【詳解】句意：護(hù)士在飛機(jī)上并不害怕。根據(jù)“whentheywere...”可知句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是Thenurses，be動(dòng)詞用were，werenot=weren’t。故填werenot/weren’t。54．nottodrop【詳解】句意：我的爸爸經(jīng)常告訴我不要隨便亂扔垃圾。tellsb．nottodosth.表示“告訴某人不要做某事”，因此空格處應(yīng)填入nottodrop。故填nottodrop。55．tosay【詳解】句意：他激動(dòng)得一句話(huà)也說(shuō)不出來(lái)了。此處是固定句型：too＋形容詞或副詞＋todo…譯為“太……而不能……”。故填tosay。56．werediscussing【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，我的兄弟們正在和Cindy討論一道數(shù)學(xué)題。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的arrived說(shuō)明從句采用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此主句應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事情，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞。主語(yǔ)Mybrothers為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，因此be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用were，動(dòng)詞discuss的現(xiàn)在分詞為discussing。故填werediscussing。57．todress【詳解】句意：孩子長(zhǎng)大了，可以不用媽媽幫忙穿衣服了。dress“穿衣”，此處是結(jié)構(gòu)“adj.+enoughtodosth.”，意為“足夠……做某事”。故填todress。58．toget【詳解】句意：所有乘客輪流上車(chē)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞tookturns表示“輪流、依次”，在此指排隊(duì)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)getonthecoach“上大巴車(chē)”是排隊(duì)的目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表示。故填toget。59．willgo【詳解】句意：他在中國(guó)讀完高中后將去哈佛大學(xué)。go“去”，句子是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)willdo。故填willgo。60．haverisen【詳解】句意：——你為什么不再去那家商店了？——最近物價(jià)上漲了很多。rise“上升”，動(dòng)詞，作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“recently”可知，時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone，主語(yǔ)“Theprices”是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用have，rise的過(guò)去分詞是risen。故填haverisen。61．youmustlearnabouttheirtablemanners【詳解】主語(yǔ)是you“你”；must“必須”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)詞原形learnabout“了解”；賓語(yǔ)是theirtablemanners“他們的餐桌禮儀”。故填youmustlearnabouttheirtablemanners。62．ismаk?ngа?реесh?nрubl?с【詳解】演講：makeaspeech，由語(yǔ)境可知，句子使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)bedoing，主語(yǔ)是He，be動(dòng)詞用is；當(dāng)眾：inpublic，介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。故填ismаk?ngа?реесh?nрubl?с。63．Yоu’rеnеvеrtоооl(xiāng)dtоl(xiāng)earn【詳解】此處缺少“活到老，學(xué)到老”，可用英文“Yоu’rеnеvеrtоооl(xiāng)dtоl(xiāng)earn”表達(dá)。故填Yоu’rеnеvеrtоооl(xiāng)dtоl(xiāng)earn。64．behavepolitelyinpublic【詳解】behavepolitely“舉止文明”，副詞politely修飾動(dòng)詞“behave”；inpublic“在公共場(chǎng)合”，固定短語(yǔ)。助動(dòng)詞“Do”后面用動(dòng)詞原形，故填behavepolitelyinpublic。65．startaconversati