Module3-Module4復習學案英語八年級下冊

錯題鞏固：1.It’stoohot.Ican’twaitinthepond.A.toswim B.swim C.swimming D.swims2.—Whatsoterrible?—Thewaterinthepoolhasbeenpolluted(被污染了).A.sounds B.smells C.tastes D.looks3.—IhearMr.Greenisyournewteacher.

—Heisveryfriendlybutalittlestrict.A.Whatdoeshelike? B.Whatishelike?C.Whatdoeshelooklike? D.Howishe?4.LucylikesEnglish,andLilylikesEnglish.A.also B.either C.so D.aswell5.—Mum,istheretoeat,please?I’mhungry.—There’ssomebread.A.anythingother B.anythingelseC.otheranything D.elseanything6.I’mafraidofherthismatter.A.tell B.totell C.telling D.told7.TheweatherofBeijingisthatofChongqing.A.asdifferentas B.differentwithC.differentfrom D.sodifferentas8.—Wouldyouliketotrysomecookies?—Yes,please.Idinner.SoIfeelabithungry.A.had B.haven’thadC.havehad D.didn’thad9.Theyhadtowalkhomebecausetheycouldn’taffordataxi.A.take B.takingC.totake D.taken10. Redismy

colour.Whataboutyours? A.favourite B.morefavouriteC.mostfavourite D.themostfavourite答案：ABBDBCCBCAModule3Journeytospace要點精析：Unit1Hasitarrivedyet?1.Whatareyouupto?你在忙什么？（Unit1）=1\*GB3①beupto意為“忙于，從事，正在做”,常用于口語中，加名詞、代詞、ving;Whatareyouupto?相當于Whatareyoudoing?翻譯：我最近沒見你，忙什么呢？Ihaven’tseenyouthesedaysrecently,___________________.=2\*GB3②beuptosb.意為“由某人決定”翻譯：你是要走還是留下來？完全由你決定。Doyouwanttogoorstay?It’s__________________.2.SohavetheydiscoveredlifeonMars?那么他們在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)生命了嗎？discover為及物動詞，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”【辨析：discover/find/invent】discover 表示“偶然”或“經(jīng)過努力”發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀存在的事物、真理或錯誤。find 意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”，指對某種事物的尋找，強調(diào)找的結(jié)果，其后可接名詞或從句。invent 意為“發(fā)明”，指經(jīng)過認識和實踐創(chuàng)造出以前沒有的東西?！綞xercise】Who_________America?foundB.discoveredC.inventedD.looked【辨析：discover/lookfor/find/findout“發(fā)現(xiàn)”】詞義對象discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)；找到”發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀存在但不為人知的事物lookfor“尋找”強調(diào)尋找的過程find“發(fā)現(xiàn)；找到”“發(fā)覺”強調(diào)尋找的結(jié)果和能力，或指內(nèi)心感受的“發(fā)覺”findout“查明；弄清”強調(diào)經(jīng)過一番努力或詢問而查明事實或弄清真相牛刀小試：選詞填空：discover/lookfor/find/findoutMywalletwaslost.I’ve_________itforalongtime,butIstillcan’t_________it.Wethoughtaboutthequestionforlong.Intheend,we_________whatwaswrong.Columbus__________Americain1492.3.Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.ButnoonehasbeentoMars.科學家們已經(jīng)去過月球。但是沒有人去過火星。試比較：1).IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.2).Astronautshavebeentothespacestation.Theyreturnedlastweek.3).TomhasgonetoAmerica.Hewillreturnnextweek.4).LinglingandDaminghavegonetoShanghai.Theywillstaythereforfivedays.have/hasbeento去過某地（已經(jīng)回來）Have/hasgoneto去了某地（還未回來）牛刀小試：(1)Wherehaveyoubeen?Ihave__________tothesupermarket.(2)WhereisLingling?Sheisnotherenow.Shehas________tothezoo.(3)Tonyhas_________toEnglandmanytimes.Hewantstogothereagain.(4)Haveyou__________tothehospitaltoseeMsWang?Yes,Ihave.4.I’vejustmadeaspaceshipmodel.“我剛剛制造了一個宇宙飛船模型?！眏ust意為“剛剛”，副詞，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時，位于句中，_________之后，______之前?！颈嫖觯簀ust/justnow“剛剛；剛才】時態(tài)在句中的位置justjustnow（相當于amomentago或aminuteago）牛刀小試：選詞填空：just/justnow1）Themeetinghas_______started.2）Mumanddadwentout________.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子：1）我們剛剛完成了我們的報告。We___________________ourreports.2）剛才麗莎發(fā)來一封郵件。Lisa________anemail____________.5.Ihaven’tstartedyetbecauseI’mnotsurehowtomakeit.Hasitarrivedyet?Yes,ithasarrivedalready.【1)辨析：yet/already】yet用于否定句和疑問句句末。否定句中not…yet意為“還沒”；疑問句中用于詢問某事是否已經(jīng)發(fā)生。already用于肯定句，意為“已經(jīng)”，位于句首或句末。already,just,yet選詞填空：1)Haveyoufinishedyourreport________,Jim?Yes,Ifinisheditlastnight.2)Tonyhas________beeninChinafornearlytwoyears.3)Wetalkedonthephonebutwehaven’tseeneachother________.4)MayIspeaktoLingling,please?Sorry,shehas________goneout.【2)辨析arrive/get/reach“到達”】詞性固定結(jié)構(gòu)arrive不及物動詞arrivein+地點名詞（大）arriveat+地點名詞（?。゛rrive/get+地點副詞(如here/there/home)get[來源:學&科&網(wǎng)Z&X&X&K][來源:ZXXK]getto+地點名詞reach及物動詞reach+地點名詞選詞填空：arrivegetreach(1)你們必須在天黑前趕到那座大橋。Youmust______atthebigbridgebeforedark.[來源:]=Youmust_______tothebigbridgebeforedark.=Youmust_______thebigbridgebeforedark.6.Haveyouheardthelatestnews?【1)辨析late/later/latest/lately】late形容詞“晚的；遲的”副詞“晚地；遲地”later形容詞“后來的；隨后的”“更晚的；更遲的”副詞“后來；隨后”“更晚；更遲”（“一段時間+later”表示“……之后”）latest形容詞“最新的；最近的”“最晚的；最遲的”副詞“最晚；最遲”lately副詞“近來；最近”牛刀小試：選詞填空：late/later/latest/latelyTheyarrived_________becauseofheavytraffic.TomleftBeijing,butthreeweeks_________,hereturned.Stayathomeandwait.I’llcallyou_________.Therearemanymagazineshere,andthisisthe_________one.Thepriceofhouseshasrisenalot_________.【2)辨析：news/message/information】news不可數(shù)名詞，“新聞；消息”，指廣播、電視、報紙、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等發(fā)布的新聞、消息message可數(shù)名詞，“信息”，指口頭傳遞或書寫的音信，如短信、聊天消息、郵件信息等information不可數(shù)名詞，“信息”，指通過閱讀、談話、觀察等獲取的消息、資料等牛刀小試：選詞填空news/message/informationTonylefta___________beforegoingout.Haveyougotany__________aboutMaYingjiuontheradio?WiththehelpoftheInternet,wecangetquitealotof____________inashorttime.7.LotsofscientistsareworkinghardinordertosendastronautstoMarsoneday.inordertodosth.“________________”，作目的狀語，相當于不定式todosth.，可放在句首也可放在句末。否定式inordernottodosth.相當于表目的的不定式nottodosth.牛刀小試：翻譯句子：____________________________________________________________________為了提高閱讀，我們盡量多看書。_____________________________________________________________________為了上學不遲到，我很早就起了床。拓展：inorderthat+句子“以便……；為了……”也在句中作目的狀語，相當于表目的的sothat+句子。inorderthat/sothat引導的目的狀語從句常與情態(tài)動詞can/could連用。牛刀小試：翻譯句子：________________________________________________________________為了提高閱讀，我們盡量多看書。_____________________________________________________________為了不讓媽媽擔心，玲玲給媽媽打了。▲Grammar:朗讀下面4個句子：1）.Hasitarrivedit

yet?2）.I’vejustmadethismodelofthespacestation3）.Ihaven’tstartedityet.4）.Butastronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.比較：already表示已經(jīng)，

用于__________

句，放在句

_______或_________

yet

表示，尚，未

用于

_______和

__________句，放在句__________

just

表示剛剛

用于

________

句,放在句

________

【即學即練】用just,already,yet填空:(1)They’ve________seenthefilmtwice.It’swonderful.(2)Davidhas________ebackfromNewYork.(3)Mum,I’ve_________finishedmyhomework.CanIplayfootball?(4)They’ve__________heardthenews.Now,they’retalkingaboutit.(5)XiaoMinghasn’treturned__________.Hismotherisangry.(6)Havethestudentsfoundthelostdog_______?(7)Noonefromotherplanetshassentusamessage________.（四）、當堂達標檢測1.用have/hasgone或

have/hasbeen1)

Wherearetheboystudents?They___________totheschoolfactory.2)

Isyourfatherathome?

No,he__________toShenzhen.

______heever______therebefore?

Yes,he__________thereseveraltime2.用動詞的適當形式填空：1).I____just_____(eat)someicecream.2).They____________(notfind)anylifeonMarsyet.3).Lucy__________(show)hermodeltous

already.3.單項選擇：1).They__________toAmericalastyear.A.havetravelledB.travelC.travelled2).Iamlisteningtothenews________theradioaboutthewarinIraq.A.inB.onC.of3).“_____doesittake?”“Ittakeshalfanhour.”A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowfarD.Howoften4).Hepromisedtopickmeupattheschoolgate.However,he_______yet. A.didn’tarrive

B.doesn’tarrive

C.isn’tarriving

D.hasn’tarrived5).Haveyouheardthenews______?No,not______.A.already;alreadyB.yet;alreadyC.yet;yetD.recently;alreadyUnit2wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.1.Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsyears.1)hundredsof…“____________”，millionsof…“____________”，hundredsofmillionsof…“_____________”2)therebe句型一般表達“某地有……”之義，表存在，它有各種各種時態(tài)，由于是倒裝句，陳述句中主語位于be動詞之后。一般現(xiàn)在時：thereis/are+主語（否定句和一般疑問句都在_______上作變化）一般過去時：therewas/were+主語（否定句和一般疑問句都在____上作變化）現(xiàn)在完成時：therehave/hasbeen+主語（否定句和一般疑問句都在__上作變化）注意：現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中的have/has是助動詞，沒有具體含義，而不是實意動詞“有”。牛刀小試：翻譯句子：我們班已有六十個學生。__________________________________冰箱里已有足夠的水果了嗎？________________________________________不，沒有。也沒有足夠的蔬菜。______________________________________2.Noneofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth,soscientistsdonotthinktheywillfindlifeonthem.【1)辨析none/noone】詞語詞義用法______“沒有一個；沒有一人；一點也沒有”①既可指人，也可指物②可以構(gòu)成短語noneof+名詞/代詞③可視為單數(shù)，也可視為復數(shù)、④用howmany提問______“沒有人”①只能指人②其后不能接of③視為單數(shù)④用who提問牛刀小試：用所給詞的正確形式填空：Noneofthesebooks________(sell)well.Noneofthemoney________(be)mine.Allhisclassmatesknowshismistakebutnoone________(laugh)athim.選詞填空：none/nooneHowmanystudentsdidn’tpasstheexam?_____________.WhohasbeentoAustralia?_____________.2)think“想；認為”，believe“相信”等詞后面所接從句若表達否定含義，一般要發(fā)生否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即將否定部分轉(zhuǎn)移到think,believe上，而不否定從句部分，但是在漢語翻譯中我們更習慣否定從句內(nèi)容。牛刀小試：翻譯句子：我相信麗麗沒有那樣做。________________________________________大明想托尼將再也不會跟他玩了。________________________________3.Theyareveryfarawayandtheirlighthastotravelformanyyearstoreachus.1)faraway“__________”2)light：不可數(shù)名詞“光；光線”，可數(shù)名詞“燈”，形容詞“輕的”3)“for+一段時間”表示某動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)了一段時間，常用于回答howlong特殊疑問句牛刀小試：請用light的適當形式填空Remembertoturnoffthe___________whenyouleavetheclassroom.Thisboxistooheavyforyoutocarry.Thatoneismuch__________.The_________travelsfasterthanthesound.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子：_______________haveyoustayedhere?你在這里呆了多久了？______________.三個月了。Itisimpossibletoimagine.1)本句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：______________________________2)possible“_______”，impossible“________”[來源:Zxxk.]常見的否定前綴有im,in,un,dis等，放在形容詞或動詞、名詞之前表否定。如：形容詞：polite“________”impolite“________”correct“________”incorrect“________”important“________”unimportant“________”動詞：like“________”dislike“________”agree“________”disagree“________”[來源:ZXXK]名詞：advantage“________”disadvantage“________”牛刀小試：Isuggestedgoingoutforawalk,butmum_______.我建議出去走走，但媽媽不贊同。However,nospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.enough“_______”，既可修飾名詞，放在名詞之前，也可修飾形容詞、副詞，放在形容詞、副詞之后，如enoughspace“足夠的空間”，highenough“足夠高”，earlyenough“足夠早”enough還可以搭配不定式，構(gòu)成下列結(jié)構(gòu)：enough+n.+todosth.“足夠的某物來做某事”adj/adv.+enough+todosth.“足夠……來做某事”牛刀小試：完成句子：Wehavegot_________________________________________.我們有足夠的時間來選禮物。Youwillhaveto____________________________________你將不得不起得足夠早去趕那班列車。6.Withsomanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone,oristherelifeoutthereinspace?1)withsomanystarsintheuniverse的結(jié)構(gòu)為“with+n.+介詞短語”意為“在某處有著……”，整個結(jié)構(gòu)在句中充當伴隨狀語，可放在句首也可放在句末。如：withacakeinhishand（他的）手里拿著一個蛋糕牛刀小試：MrLienteredtheclassroom_________________________________.李老師胳膊下夾著一本書走進了教師。Ithrewthebox____________________________.我扔掉了那個盒子，里面還有一些報紙。【2)辨析alone/lonely】詞語詞性詞義______形容詞、副詞獨自；單獨______形容詞孤獨的；荒涼的牛刀小試：選詞填空：alone/lonelyIt’sgettinglate.Don’tgoout__________.Letmegowithyou.Thelittlegirlesfroma__________villageandthecityistoostrangetoher.Ilive_______butIdon’tfeel________,becauseeverydayIhavemanythingstodo.Whyhasnoonemunicatedwithus?“_____________________________”1)noone“________”，不定代詞，視為第三人稱單數(shù)（還記得noone與none的區(qū)別嗎？）2)municate動詞，“_____________”，___________________“與某人交流”牛刀小試：翻譯句子______________________________________________每個人都喜歡游泳，但沒有人擅長它。_______________________________________我不知道如何與他交流。當堂檢測單項選擇1.Who’satthedoor?___________,exceptalittledog.A.noneB.nooneC.someoneD.nothing2.Janecanalwaysfindsomethingtodoandshealwaysenjoysherlife.Sheneverfeels________.[來源:]A.pleased

B.enjoyable

C.alone

D.lonely3.________yourparents________fromDalianyet/Yes,they________yesterday.A.Did;return;returnedB.Did;returned;havereturnedC.Have;returned;returnedD.Havereturned;havereturned

4.There___________alotoffood.Weneedn’tbuyany.A.hasbeenB.havebeenC.hashadD.havehad5.Howlonghaveyouwaitedatthegate?________onlytenminutes.A.InB.ForC.OnD.At語法規(guī)律總結(jié)Module4Seeingthedoctor要點精析：Unit1Ihaven’tdonemuchexercisesinceIgotmyputer.1.

have

a

cold

患感冒

have

a

bad

cold

患重感冒

What’s

wrong

with

you?

–

I

have

a

bad

cold

.

How

are

you

feeling

now

?

I’m

feeling

much

better.

2.

stomachache

胃痛

腹痛

肚子痛

have

a

stomachache

胃痛=

have

a

pain

in

the

stomach

have

a

bad

stomach

胃痛得厲害

（1）I’m

not

feeling

well

at

the

moment

.

What’s

wrong?

I

have

a

bad

stomachache..此刻我感覺不舒服。

你怎么了？我胃痛得厲害。

(2)The

boy

said

he

had

a

stomachache

.The

said

he

had

a

pain

in

the

stomach.

男孩說他肚子痛得厲害。

3.

have

a

toothache

牙痛

dentist

牙醫(yī)

（1）What’s

the

matter?

–

I’ve

a

toothache

.

Maybe

you

should

see

a

dentist.That’s

a

good

idea.

怎么了？

我牙痛。

出許你應該去看牙醫(yī)。

是好主意。

（2）I

had

a

bad

toothache

last

night.I’m

sorry

to

hear

to

that.

我昨晚牙痛得很厲害。

聽到此事我很難過。(3)Do

you

think

I

should

see

a

dentist

?

–Yes

,

I

think

so.

你認為我該看牙醫(yī)嗎？

是的，我認為是這樣。

4．fever

adj

發(fā)燒

have

a

fever

發(fā)燒

have

a

high

fever

高燒

A:

What’s

wrong

with

you?

B:

I

caught

a

bad

cold

yesterday

.I’ve

got

a

headache

and

a

fever.

A:

How

long

have

been

like

this

?

B:

Ever

since

last

night.

A:

You’d

better

take

some

medicine

.Have

a

good

rest

and

drink

more

water

.

You

will

be

OK

soon.

5．medicine

藥

take

some

medicine

吃藥

take

this

medicine

吃這藥

（1）You’d

better

take

this

medicine

twice

a

day

.You’ll

be

all

right

soon.

這藥你最好一天吃兩次。

你會很快就好的。

（2）My

mother

asked

me

to

give

her

some

medicine

for

cold

.

我母親要求我給她買點治點感冒的藥。

problem

n

問題

，令人困惑的事情

（1）I

have

some

problem

to

ask

.

(2)

The

physics

problem

is

very

difficult

,I

can’t

work

it

out.

這道物理題很難，

我算不出來。

have

some

problems(

in

)

doing

something

做某事有困難

have

no

problem

doing

something

做某事沒有困難

(3)

It

was

very

rainy

last

Sunday

,so

we

had

some

problems

climbing

the

mountains. 上星日下大雨，所以我們爬山遇到了困難。

（4）

He

said

he

had

no

problem

in

working

out

the

physics

problem.

他說他沒有問題算那道物理題，。

no

problem

沒問題

Can

you

go

the

movies

with

me

now?

No

problem.

Unit2We

have

played

football

for

a

year

now.Now

I

get

exercise

by

taking

him

for

a

walk

every

day.

現(xiàn)在每天通過帶它去散步我得到了鍛煉。

by

介詞，在此意為“通過”，by

doing

sth.

表示“通過某種方式”。

My

elder

sister

learns

English

by

listening

to

English

songs.

我姐姐通過聽英語歌曲學習英語。

Our

teacher

decided

to

start

a

girls’football

team

and

I

thought,“What

a

great

idea!”我們的老師決定成立一支女子足球隊，我想：“多好的主意啊！”

decide

意為“決定，下決心”

He

has

decided

that

she

will

be

a

doctor.

她已決定將來當名醫(yī)生。

表示“決定做某事”時，要后接動詞不定式作賓語，不能接動名詞。

She

decided

to

go

to

school.她決定去上學。

考例

：The

children

their

school

yard

this

Friday

afternoon.

clean

B.to

clean

C.cleaning

D.cleaned

解析：decide

to

do

sth.表示“決定做某事”，固定結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B

.

3.

...and

she

also

takes

part

in

the

same

training

with

us.

...

她也和我們參加同樣的訓練。

take

part

in

表示“參加，加入”，指參加某一活動并在其中起作用。

I

took

part

in

the

game.我參加了這場比賽。

Did

you

take

part

in

the

sports

meeting?

你參加那場運動會了嗎？

[拓展]

join也表示“參加，加入”，但join指加入某黨派、團體、人群等并成為一個成員，相當于bee

a

member

of.常見的搭配有：

“join+黨派、團體名詞”表示加入某一黨派或團體。

He

joined

the

Party

last

year.他去年入黨了。

“join

in

+某活動”表示參加某活動，這時相當于take

part

in.

He

joined

in

the

game.

他加入了比賽。

join

sb.

表示加入到某個行列中（一起做某事）。

I

will

join

you

later.

我隨后加入你們。

When

I

got

to

work,

I

always

felt

very

sleepy

and

I

was

not

happy.開始工作時，我總是感覺到困倦而且不高興。

sleepy形容詞，意為“困乏的，欲睡的”

The

children

are

very

sleepy

by

ten

o’clock.

小孩子到十點鐘就很困倦。

【辨析：sleep,

sleepy,

asleep

與fall

asleep

】sleep

動詞，“睡，睡覺”，表示持續(xù)性狀態(tài)

sleepy

形容詞，“欲睡的，困乏的”

asleep

形容詞，“睡著的，睡熟的”，作表語

fall

asleep

表“入睡的短暫動作

一言辯異：Although

I

slept

eight

hours

last

night,

I

still

feel

sleepy.

I’m

afraid

I’ll

fall

asleep

in

a

while.盡管我昨晚睡了八個鐘頭，但我仍然困，我怕我一會兒要睡著了。

Then

a

friend

suggested,“Why

don’t

we

go

for

a

run

before

school?”于是一位朋友建議：“我們?yōu)楹尾辉谏蠈W前跑步呢？”Why

don’t

we

(you)＋動詞原形?

=

Why

not

+動詞原形？

是一個固定句式，通常用于征求意見、提出建議，而不是表示疑問。

Why

don’t

you

go

to

park

with

your

friend?

為什么不和你的朋友一起去公園呢？

Why

not

ask

the

policeman?

為什么不去問那個警察呢？

[拓展]

英語中表示建議的句型還有：What/

How

about

...?

......怎么樣？

Would

you

like...?

你想......嗎？

Let’s...!

讓我們......吧！

What/How

about

going

fishing?

去釣魚怎么樣？

Would

you

like

something

to

drink?

來點喝的怎么樣？

Let’s

play

a

game.讓我們做個游戲吧。

Perhaps

I

am

too

weak

to

do

any

exercise.也許我太虛弱了不能鍛(1)

perhaps

副詞，意為“也許”，常用于句首，表示推測。

Perhaps

Tony

is

in

his

classroom.

也許托尼在他的教室里。

Perhaps

we

won’t

have

to

use

pens.

或許我們將不必使用鋼筆。too...to...是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“太......而不能......”,

也可使用too...for

sb.

to

do

sth.

(sb.是邏輯主語)結(jié)構(gòu)。

It’s

too

hard

for

them

to

work

it

out.要解決這個問題對于他們來說太難了。

[拓展]

too...

to...結(jié)構(gòu)可與so...that...句式或not

...

enough

to

...結(jié)構(gòu)互相轉(zhuǎn)換。

車太貴，他買不起。

①

The

car

is

too

expensive

for

him

to

afford.

②

The

car

is

so

expensive

that

he

can’t

afford

it.

③

The

car

is

not

cheap

enough

for

him

to

afford.

[拓展]

①

too

...to...

結(jié)構(gòu)中若不定式的賓語與句子主語是同一人或物時，不定式的賓語應省去（反身代詞除外）；若不是，則不定式的賓語要保留。

The

water

is

too

hot

for

me

to

drink.

水太熱，我不能喝。

（不能用The

water

is

too

hot

for

me

to

drink

it.）

②

不定式中的動詞若是不及物動詞，應在不及物動詞后加上適當?shù)慕樵~。

The

house

is

too

old

for

us

to

live

in.

那幢房子太舊了，我們沒法住。Unit

3

Language

in

use【Grammar語法點撥】現(xiàn)在完成時與for和since連用現(xiàn)在完成時除了表示過去發(fā)生的事對現(xiàn)在的影響，還可以表示，且常和for和since連用，for后面加(時間點/時間段),sicnce后加或一般過去時的句子。因為表示的是持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)，所以使用的動詞通常是延續(xù)性動詞。如:我們可以說，Ihavehadacoldfortwodays.我感冒兩天了。(have延續(xù)性動詞)但不可以說,Ihavecaughtacoldfortwodays.(×)(catch非延續(xù)性動詞)非延續(xù)性動詞想要表達延續(xù)的意義時,我們可以用相應的延續(xù)性動詞或動詞短語來替換部分短暫性動詞或與之對應的延續(xù)性動詞.如，marry是非延續(xù)性動詞動詞，那我們表示某人已經(jīng)結(jié)婚一段時間了，我們可以說，Shehasget/beenmarriedfor2years.她結(jié)婚兩年了。但不可以說，Shehasmarriedfor2years.(×)延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：leavebeaway,borrowkeep,buyhave,begin/startbeon,diebedead,finishbeover,joinbein+組織機構(gòu),beamemberof+組織機構(gòu),opensthkeepsthopen,fallillbeill,getupbeup,catchacoldhaveacold,eherebehere,gotherebethere,beebe,ebackbeback,fallasleepbeasleep,getto/arrive/reachbe(in),leavebeawayfrom,gettoknowknow,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear；catchacold→haveacold等。3.for與since二者后接的詞有所不同:(1)for后常跟一個時間段,如fortwoyears。E.g.MaryhavelearnedChineseforthreeyears.瑪麗學習漢語已經(jīng)有三年了。(2)since后跟一個時間點,如since1980;也可以接“一段時間+ago”,如sincethreeyearsago,sincetwomonthsago;還可接一般過去時的從句,如sincehecamehere。E.g.Shehasbeenheartbroken(心碎)sinceherboyfriendlefther.E.g.Shehasbeenheartbrokensincehalfayearago.Itis+一段時間+since從句.g.Itisoneyearsinceherboyfriendlefther.自她的男朋友離開她已經(jīng)一年了。4.對以上表示時間段的狀語進行提問用特殊疑問詞howlong:Howlonghaveyouplaysoccerontheplayground?【反饋練習】用for

/

since

填空

1.I

haven’t

done

much

exercise

_____I

got

my

puter

last

year.2.I

have

had

him

_____three

months

now.

3.______then,

it

has

bee

part

of

my

life.

4.I’ve

been

ill_____

about

three

days!

5.Scientists

think

that

there

has

been

life

on

the

earth

_____

hundreds

of

millions

of

years.

6.—How

long

have

you

studied

Chinese

?

—______a

year

.

7.—How

long

have

you

lived

here