2022年北京石景山高三一模英語試題和答案

2022北京石景山高三一模英語第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共小題：每小題分，共閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意。從每題所給的A、CD四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。UpuntilIwaseightyearsIwasanonlychildfamilyandwassweet.ThenalongcameGrant,everythingchanged.AsGrantgothe1thehabitofattachinghimselfmeandIfoundhimtotally2.BythetimeIbecameahewasmy3,followingmearound,copyingmyeverymove,generallybeingapest.4myannoyance,IbeganenjoyhimastimewentHewasafunnyandIfoundhishero-worshippleasant.Aswegotweestablishedboundariesandalliances(聯(lián)盟),becomingmore5ofeachGrant6askingalongdateswithme,Inolongermadefunofhimfrontofhispeers.Hecheeredmeonatmysoccergames,andI7coachhisbaseballteam.IwonderedthetransitionhappenedbecausehebecamelessannoyingandmoreofabuddyorbecauseIbecamemore8,moreshare,morereceptivetheunconditionalloveheoffered.Lookingback,Ihavecometheconclusionthatmaybewasa/an9ofboth.GrantandIareaIknowthatwewillalwaysbeclose,notageordistance,thenthesharedbrothers.1.A.developed2.A.reliable3.A.angelB.changedB.annoyingB.guideC.maintainedC.uniqueD.brokeD.disappointingD.enemyC.shadowC.beyond4.A.besides5.A.considerate6.A.missedB.despiteD.forB.criticalC.enviousC.stoppedC.pretendedC.independentC.limitationC.loveD.respectfulD.enjoyedD.volunteeredD.patientB.suggestedB.happenedB.ambitiousB.combinationB.courage7.A.hesitated8.A.creative9.A.innovation10.A.hopeD.expectationD.pride第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題分，共分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。A“It'ssocute!”“Iwantone!”Sincesuchpostsspreadonsocialmedia,the2022BeijingOlympicsmascotBingDwenDwen(become)astaracrossglobe.Thelovablepandawearsafull-body"shell"12(make)outice,whichlookslikeanastronautsuit.thepopularityoftheOlympicmascot,hasserved13anambassadorforwintersports,bringingjoythose14participatedandwatchedOlympicGames.Bjoyandhappiness15(understand)bethething.Infact,they'reverydifferent.emotionthatoccurswithinuswhenwedevelopanappreciationorthankfulnessforthecontentsoflife,suchasnature,16(free),relationshipswithpeople,orthroughhavingfaithsomething17ourselves.Happinessanemotionthatarouseduswhenweanewcarorgetapromotionatwork.Itdependsoncircumstancessatisfyingourdesires.CTheeconomicachievementsoftheDynastypromotedthedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.Thegovernment18(take)theleadcompletingtheeditingworkoftheworld'sfirstherbalmedicinebook,Bencao.Thebook19(contain)850kindsofdrugsandamap,further20(improve)thescaleofChinesemedicine.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題2分，共閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A______________________________Paraglidingakindofflying,butinsteadofthewingbeingmadeofmetal,woodorplastic,itmadeofnylonorThewingattachedaharnessbylineswhereapilotsits,similaraparachute.Issafe?Paragliding,assafeassailinganddeep-seadiving.Thebigadvantagethatprobablytheslowestformofaviation,soyoudocrash,you'llhitgroundgently!averyrelaxingsportasyou'bablyexperiencepainsomemusclesyoudidn'tknowyouhadwhilelearning,butmanyofthosewillbeduethewalkupthetraininghilllaunch.WhereIlearn?Therearelotsofschools,basedinlandbyappropriatehillsormountains,arealsoschoolsonthecoastnearspectacularTheseareattractive,thoughtheprospectoflandingseaseemsdiscouragebeginners!Ittakessevendaysgetyourbasiclicence;thenyou'reflyindependentlyatsitesacrosstheWhatIneed?Pilotsnormallywearwarmclothescasetheygetveryup,andahelmetcasetheystumbleonlanding.Inofschoolssupplytraining,canopies,harnesses,etc.you'llprobablywantyourownmoresophisticatedequipment,whichyou'llbeablechoosemuchbetteronceyou'vetriedsomeoutonyourcourse.Whoit?There'snoupperageprovidedyourinstructorjudgesyoucapable,buttheyoungest14.Anybodywithgoodeyesightandgoodbalanceapotentialparagliderpilot.Flyingaparaglideragreatsport.hopeseetheairwithusthisseason!21.WhichwouldbethebestheadingforParagraph1?A.Whatisparagliding?B.Whoinventedparagliding?D.Whyparaglidingpopular?C.Howparagliding22.Accordingpassage,paragliding________.A.ExcitingbuttiringB.SafeandrelaxingC.AttractivebutexpensiveD.Fastandchallenging23.Whatweknowfromthepassage?A.Fitpeopleofagecantakeupparagliding.B.Mostparaglidingschoolsaresituatedbythesea.C.Pilotsneedbuybasicequipmentontheirtrainingcourse.D.Learnersflyontheirownafteratleastaweek'straining.BIrememberdrivingPalmSpringsfromSanDiegoThanksgivingsago.Noneofuspicturedanicyblizzard(暴風(fēng)雪)onCaliforniavacation,butonehourintothedrive,thefirstsnowflakefell.eyesup.I'dmissedSeeinglandonapricklycactusmytearswellHowIlongedforMinnesota,hometown.Asthealtituderose,thestormgotfierce.Itwasn'tlongbeforewenochoicebutpullAsourcaraIlookedintothedistance.AlineofcarsaslongastheMississippiRiverwerelinedJustthen,acarcamefrombehind,suddenlychangingdirectionavoidhittingourTheanoldman,slammedonthebrakescardriftedacrossthepath.Itdidn'ttakeuslongrealizehiscarwasawfullyneartheedgeofthemountainslowlycreepingmoremoretowardsthesideofthe10peoplewhoweresittingtheircarsleaptout.FromtheIwatchedaninspiringscene.Fourpeopletookthechainsthatprotectedtheirtirestheircarsandputthemontheoldman'stires.Onepersonshoveledthesnowoutfromhistiresandtriedbreaktheicewithhisboot.Justastheoldman'scarandallhisbelongingswerebelosttheedgeofthepeoplesteppedupandlettheirheartsoverridethesnowstorm.Thoughwasminus30degreescentigrade,myheartwasaswarmasThisactkindnessjustremindedmethankfulIamforpeopleandmomentslikethese.24.WhydidtheauthorcrywhenhetheA.Hefeltahomesick.C.Hewassurprised25.Whathappenedtheman'scar?A.Itsbrakingsystemfailed.B.HedislikedtheD.HewasanxiousabouttheB.ItwasaboutdropfromtheC.Itranintotheauthor'sD.Itlostcontrolduethesuddenspeeding.20.Whichoffollowingbestdescribethepeopleinvolved?A.Reliableandmodest.C.Bravecooperative.B.Kindeasy-going.D.Enthusiasticandambitious.CPsychologiststellusourself-imagedefineswhatwebelievewecancannotdo.Eachofusovertheyearshasupbeliefaboutourselves:ourpicturesofwhowearehavebeenformedbypastexperiences.Oursuccessesandfailures,whatothershaveuswhatwethinkbelieveaboutusallhelpformimpressionsofwhatwethinkweare.Becauseself-imageimportantourgrowth,importantexamineourconceptsofselforderreachourfullpotential.Changingourself-imagepossible:Somepsychologistssuggestwebeginchangeourself-imagebymentallypicturingourselvesperformingwellatsometask.Sincewereactthingsbasedonpresentimages,it'ssuggestedthatwereplacethosewithbetterones.Inmanyexperiments,peoplewereaskedsitquietlyforafewminuteseachdayandimaginethemselvesdoingwell.Forinstance,subjectswouldsitandimaginethemselvesthrowingdartsatabull's-eyeonatarget.Overaperiodofweeks,theirdartgameimproved.Thishasbeendonewithpeoplewhowantedchessthrowaballmoreaccuratelyincreasesalesmanshipormusicaltalents,andimprovemanyotherskills.Inmostcases,remarkableimprovementmade.Thepointofchangingself-imagenotdevelopanimageofourselvesthatnottrybecomewereallyaren'tjustaswrongaslivingtheunrealistic,inferiorimagewemayhave.aimfindtherealself,bringourmentalimagesofourselveslinewithourtruepotential.generallyacceptedamongpsychologiststhatmostusfaildojusticeourselves.usuallybetterthanweweare.Anotherimportantpartofchangingself-imagenotthinkaboutpastmistakesDon'tletfailuresdoharm.Ourerrorsorhumiliationovermistakesarenecessarylearning.Itallrightmakemistakes.Butwhenhavetaughtuswhatwedidwrong,weshouldforgetthemdwellonthem.Sometimeswekeeprememberingfailuresormistakesandfeelguiltyorembarrassedaboutthem.letthemtakeandthenwedevelopaItimportanthaverealisticexpectationsofourselves.Someofourdissatisfactionmightcomefromexpectingtoomuchofourselves.Ifwedemandconstantperfectioneverythingwewecanbedisappointedourpoorself-imagewillcontinue.Ifourgoalreachperfection,wearedoomedfromthestart.27.Whichsituationagreestheideaofthepassage?A.outshinehiscolleagues,Joesetsanidealisticgoal.B.getalongwithherclassmates,Dorisalwayshumblesherself.C.becomeastarAlexrepeatedlyplaysbackfaultshismind.D.winaspeechcontest,visualizesherselfspeakingmore28.WhatthepurposeofParagraph3?A.confirmtheofchangingself-image.B.clarifytheprincipleofchangingself-image.C.proposeachangingself-image.D.stresstheimportancechangingself-image.29.Accordinghowshouldweregardourpastmistakes?A.Theyarepartofourgrowth.B.Theyarewarningsfuture.C.TheyaretoolsforovercomingD.Theyarebarriersourdevelopment.30.Whichoffollowingwouldbethebestofthepassage?A.AreWhatDoB.BetheBestCanBeC.AreWhatThinkAreD.WhatAreDecidesWhatThinkDWhencomesloweringcarbonemissions排放),seemsthatnothingsimple.Electricvehicles(EVs)actasexampleofpotentialgreenwash.“Theyseemveryattractiveatfirstsight,”writesTheNextareport.welookmorebecomesclearthattheyhaveasubstantialcarbonfootprint.”TherareearthmetalsandcostlymineralsincludedasessentialingredientsEVbatteriesarenotrenewable.What'smore,theirextraction提煉)oftenanythingbutgreen.Sothequestionis:worthJusthowmuchemissionreductioncanEVsjustify?acycleassessmenthasbeendonegiveussomeanswers.“Alifecycleanalysisofemissionsconsidersthreephases,”writesTheNext“themanufacturingphase,theusephase,andtherecyclingphase.”Inthemanufacturingphase,batteryblame.“Emissionsfrommanufacturingbatterieswereestimatedbe3.2ofcarbondioxide),ofthosefromanelectric13tonsofCO.Thosewerebigger22thanemissionsfromgascars,10.5tonsofCO2.”Ifthevehicleassumedbe150,000kilometers,emissionsfromthemanufacturingphaseofanelectriccararehigherthangascars.”Intheusephase,thesourceofelectricitytheconsumerusingpowertheircarintoplayamajorunderstandtheemissionsofelectriccarvarywithacountry'srenewableelectricityshare,considerAustraliaandNewZealand,"continuesthe“In2018.Australia'sshareofrenewableswasabout21%.Incontrast,numberNewZealand'swasabout84%.ElectriccaremissionsAustraliaandNewZealandareestimatedatabout170gandofCO2perkmAsaouronlygreenascountry'smix.therecyclingphase,welookatvehicledismantling(拆除),vehiclerecycling,batteryrecycling,material"Theestimatedemissionsthisphase,basedaareabout1.8tonsforagascarand2.4tonsforanelectricThisdifferencemostlyduetheemissionsfrombatteryrecycling,which0.7tons,”showsthe“Whileelectriccarscausemoregreenhouseemissionsthancarsdo,importanttherecycledbatteriescanbeusedsubsequentbatteries.Thiscouldhavesignificantemissionsreductionbenefitsthefuture.Forcompletecycleemissions,thestudyshowsthatemissionsare18%lowerthancars."Sohere'sthetakeaway:EVsareMaybethey'renotasgreenaswethought.There'scertainlyroomforimprovement.Buttherealchallengeliesspeedingtheglobaltransitiontowardgreenerenergy-production.31.Whyacycleanalysisofemissionsmade?A.illustratetheadvantagesofEVs.B.howgascarsoutperformEVs.C.weightheenvironmentalimpactofEVs.D.examinethesourcesofgascarsandEVs.32.HowdoesauthorsupporttheunderlinedstatementParagraph5?A.Bygivinginstructions.C.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Byhighlightingfeatures.D.Byanalyzingcauseand33.Accordingpassage,whatcontributesEVs'beatinggascars?A.Recyclingofbatteries.B.Overalldrivingdistance.D.Government'sC.Manufacturing34.Whichoffollowingstatementsdoestheauthorsupport?A.EVsareworthyofthepraisetheyhavereceived.B.EVsarenotsuccessfulfortheirenvironmentaldownsides.B.EVswillnolongerbewidelyacceptedforemissions.D.EVsarenottrulygreentheirenergysourcesbecomegreen.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MoveMusicMusichelpsusexercise,butwhydoeshavethiseffect?35Thefirstsimple:Musicdistractsus.Whenwelistenasongwelike,ourbrainattentionthemusic.Forexample,afterweexercise20minutes,ourbodymightbetired.Butwemayfeelthisimmediatelywhilelisteningmusic.SoweexerciseaMusicalsomotivatesus.Whenweheardancemusic,forexample,wenaturallystartmovethebeat.Anupbeatsongalsoputsusagoodmood,sowefeelThisgivesusandhelpsusexercise36Songsrange120-140beatsperminutearethebest,sportspsychologistCostasKarageorghis.37.ItsleadingresearcherFritzput61peoplesmallgroups.Theyallthenexercisedtwice.Onetime,eachgroupworkedoutwhilelisteningmusicforsixminutes.Anothertime,theyexercisedforsixminutesonspecialJymminmachines.ThenameJymminacombinationof“jamming"and“gym.”Usingthesemachines,eachgroupmademusicasmoved.Theexercisersbecamethecomposersandthemachinesbecametheirinstruments.Intheend,53ofthepeoplethesamething:Theyfeltlesstiredwhentheyexercisedonthemachines.HowdoesFritzexplainthis?MaybepeopledidbetterontheJymminmachinesbecausetheyhadcontrol,says.Peoplecreatedthebeat.TheycouldmakegofasterorAlso,activitysocial.Eachgroupwasmakingmusictogetherandhavingfun.FritzbelievesJymminexercisemayhaveotheradvantages,too.39Forexample,mayevenagoodwaytotreatdepression.A.Expertssaytherearemainreasons.B.Thisalsohelpsrelaxourbodybrain.C.Musicwithaquickandsteadybeatgoodforexercising,D.Hewantsfindoutcanhelpwithmoreseriousconditions.E.Heexpectstakeadvantageoftapintopeople'spotential.Anewstudysuggeststhisonlypartoftheexplanation,G.Whentheyexerciseandmakemusic,workingoutseemsbe第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第12題每小題2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。RevengeSleepProcrastinationAccordingthesleepexpertDorothyChambers,"revengesleepprocrastination"referstoaphenomenonwhichwedelaygoingsleepdootherunimportantthingsthatwehaven'thadtimedotheandreflectsaverypoorworkbalance.Theresearcherssurveyed2,012adultsandfoundoverthreequartersadmitdoingaformofrevengesleepprocrastination,usingphonesrightupuntilfallingasleep.ThentheresearchersselectedsomesocialmediaappstesthowseriouslytheyaffectsleepEachparticipantwasaskedwearasmartwatchrecordhowlongtookfallasleep,andprovidefeedbackonhowtiredtheyfeltthenextmorning.Theresultrevealedthattheaveragetimetakenfallasleepwasover45minutesandanincreasingtirednesswasreportedbyoverhalfoftheparticipants.Itshowedrevengesleepprocrastinationimpactedsleepalot,whichcanleadadverseimplicationsonphysicalandmentalhealth.Sowhydoeshappen?Accordingtheresearchers,largelydowntheheemittedfromphonescreens.Itstimulatesthebrainandreducesnaturalmelatonin褪黑素)production,increasingtiredness,andturnincreasingtheamountoftimespentfallingasleep.Theresearcherspointedthatsocialmediaappsencouragethereleaseof“pleasurechemicals”,givingusenergya“happy”feeling.Thiscouldbewhymanyofuschoosethemasourmeansofrevengesleepprocrastination,eventhoughweknowtheyhavenegativeeffectsonhealth.solvethisproblem,Dorothyrecommendedthatweshouldn'tuseanyelectronicsforatleasttwohoursbeforesleepingavoidsleepdeprivation.Instead,weshouldtryreadingabookortakingdeepbreaths.40.Whatrevengesleepprocrastination?41.Whattheofrevengesleepprocrastination?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartfalsethefollowingstatement,thenunderlineandexplainForsomesleepthebluelight,chemicalsandtheirofthebadeffectsofusingsocialmediaappsbed.43.Ifyoupreferredusingsocialmediaappsbeforebed,whatwouldyoufightatypeofsleeprevengebesidesthepracticementionedthep