新教材必修三UNIT6DISASTERANDHOPEPERIOD3USINGLANGUAGE課件

2021學(xué)年度外研版新教材必修三Unit6DisasterandhopePeriod3UsinglanguageUsinglanguage—Ellipsis(省略)-Excuseme!-Yes?-Isthisyourhandbag?-Pardon?-Isthisyourhandbag?-Yes,itis.-Thankyouverymuch.這段簡短的對話中都省略了哪些詞呢？WatchandObserve-Excuseme!-Yes?-Isthisyourhandbag?Pardon?-Isthisyourhandbag?-Yes,itis.-Thankyouverymuch.(You)(Ibegyour)-pardon.myhandbag.(I)Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.aIt'sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepest.bMyofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soquitelow.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.Whathasbeenleftoutinsentences(a)and(b)?cIt'sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepestlines.d

Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soitisquitelow.Whydoestheauthorleavethemout?“Lines”hasbeenleftoutinsentence(a),and“itis”hasbeenleftoutinsentence(b).Theauthorleavesthemouttoavoidrepeatingthewordorexpressionthatistooobvious,andtomakethesentencesmoreconcise(簡潔的).Ellipsis省略定義：為了使語言簡潔化、并且為了避免重復(fù)，省略句中的一個或幾個成分，這種語法現(xiàn)象稱為省略（Ellipsis)。Focuson基本用法①

(You)Comein,please.②

(I)Seeyoutomorrow.③

(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.④

(I)Begyourpardon.簡單句中的省略1.省略主語:祈使句中的主語通常被省略;其他省略主語的情況多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。2.省略主語或謂語的一部分3.省略賓語①-DoyouknowMissHu?-Idon’tknow(her).②Tomenjoysdancing,butPeterhates(dancing).可以省略賓語的全部①Don’ttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto(touch).②-Areyouateacher?-No,butIwanttobe(ateacher).③-Hehasn’tfinishedthetask.-Well,heoughttohave(finishedit).可以省略作賓語的動詞不定式,只保留to,但如果該賓語是動詞be或完成形式,則須在to后加上be或have。①-Areyouthirsty?-Yes,Iam(thirsty).②Hisbrotherisn’tlazy.Norishissister(lazy).4.省略表語①-Areyoufeelingbetternow?-(I’mfeeling)Better(now).②-Whendidyoureadthenovel?-(Ireadit)Longago.③Let’smeetattheschoolgateasthesameas(wemet)yesterday.5.同時省略幾個句子成分兩個并列分句中，后一分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。并列句中的省略1.主句中的省略1)主句的省略多見于句首，多用于口語。2)在對話中答句省去整個主句只用從句。-ShallIgotoplay?-Ifyoulike(youcangotoplay).復(fù)合句中的省略2.賓語從句中的省略1)由which,when,where,how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引導(dǎo)詞。PleasepassmeoneofthesebooksandIdon’tcarewhich(youpassme).2)在I’mafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess等開頭的作答句中，后面跟so與not分別用于肯定或否定賓語時，賓語從句可省去。-Doyouthinkitwillrain?-Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain).3.狀語從句中的省略1)狀語從句出現(xiàn)在句末時，一般都可以作句尾省略。①JohnwillgoifMarywill(go).②Youcanaskmequestionsif(thereare)

any(questions).2)有時條件從句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。3)以as,than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句可以全部或部分省去。Afterhalfanhour,shebecamequieter(thanshehadbeen).4)在表示時間、地點、條件、讓步等的狀語從句中，從句的主語如與主句的主語相同，常省略從句的主語和謂語。①When

(youare)crossingtheroad,you’dbetterlookatbothsides.②Unless

(Iam)invited

Iwillnotgo.③While

(hewas)onawalkingtourwithhiswife,

hestoopedtotalktoaworkman.1.that的省略(1)賓語從句中常省略that,但多個賓語從句并列時,通常只省略第一個that。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.(2)定語從句中that作賓語時可以省略。Thebook(that)Iborrowedyesterdaywashers.其它省略2.不定式符號to的省略(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to。Theboydidnothing

butplay.(3)介詞but前若有實義動詞do,后面不定式不帶to。①Iwillhelp

(to)

doitforyou.②Iwillhelpyou

(to)

doit.(2)help當(dāng)“幫助”講時，后面的賓語或賓補(bǔ)的不定式符號to可帶可不帶。Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.①Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseen

tofallfromthetree.②Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.

Weweremade

towork12hoursaday.(4)某些使役動詞(let,make,have)及感官動詞(see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等)后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式一定要省去to,但在被動語態(tài)中須將to復(fù)原。(5)主語從句中有實義動詞do,后面作表語的不定式的to可帶可不帶。Whatwecandonowis(to)wait.3.條件從句中有should,were或had時,可以省略if,但要將should,were或had提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.1.signs/labelsNoparking.

(Noparkingisallowedhere.)Quiet!

(Youshouldbequiethere.)2.newspaperheadlines

Turandotonstage.

(TheoperaTurandotisbeingperformedonstage.)一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略3.instructionsDonotbend!

(Donotbendthisenvelope.)4.postcards/diariesBestwishes.

(Igiveyoumybestwishes.)5.notesOperaOK,costumesgreat.

(TheoperawasOK,andthecostumesweregreat.)Technologyisn'ttheonlywaytoforecasttheweather.Naturehasitsways,too.Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit'scold,wetweatherthat'sonthewayorahot,dryperiod.Iffisharejumpinghigherthanusualorfrogsarecroakingmoreloudly,itmayrain.Andnexttimeyoulookupatthesky,don'tjustlookforrainclouds,butalsoforbirds.Iftheyareflyinglow,grabyourumbrella.Itisalsosaidthatmiceandsnakesheadforsafergroundseveraldaysbeforeanearthquake,whiledogsavoidingthebeachmaybeasignthatatsunamiisapproaching.Ofcourse,althoughthesethingsmaysuggestsomethingbadisgoingtohappen,theywon'ttelluswhenandwhere.So,foraccurateandreliablepredictions,it'sbesttocheckanofficial,scientificreport.Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedword.P652(toforecasttheweather)(that'sontheway)(thanusual)(look)(somethingbadisgoingtohappen)(somethingbadisgoingtohappen)^^^^^^P653ReadthenewsreportinActivity3,andremovewordstomakeitmoreconcise.)()()()(1.省略的概念：為了使語言簡潔或避免重復(fù)，省略句中的一個或幾個句子成分。2.可省略的成分。3.用省略的情況。從語用的角度看，在不違反語法結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)則以及不產(chǎn)生歧義的前提下，恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用省略，具有多方面的語用效果。例如：簡略舊信息，突顯新信息；避免羅嗦，銜接連貫；蘊(yùn)涵想象空間，增強(qiáng)語言美感；在各種語體中，表現(xiàn)不同的言語風(fēng)格。語言中存在大量的省略現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)我們不想重復(fù)意思很明確的單詞或短語時，可使用省略形式。使用省略是使句子變得簡練的有效方法。英語的并列句、短語以及主從句中都有運(yùn)用省略的情況。我們雖省去了句子語法構(gòu)造所需要的一種或多種組成部分，但仍能夠清晰表達(dá)含義。Self-evaluationCanyouuseellipsiscorrectly?各個擊破注:另附word文檔。點擊此處鏈接1.Haven’tseenyouforages.____________________________2.Somemoretea?____________________________3.Soundslikeagoodidea.____________________________4.Doesn’tmatter.____________________________5.Sorrytohearthat.____________________________Ihaven’tseenyouforages.Wouldyoulike

somemoretea?That/It

soundslikeagoodidea.QuizI:Findoutwhathavebeenleftout.Itdoesn’tmatter.I’m

sorrytohearthat.Step/Comethisway,please.What

terribleweather

itis!Areyou

joiningusforadrink?Areyou

goingtothesupermarket?1.我的兄弟抽煙，而我不抽煙。

_____________________________________

2.一旦出版，這部小說將成為今年的暢銷書之

一。

_____________________________________

3.過馬路要小心。

_____________________________________

4.我只能按照別人告我的方法去做。

_____________________________________

5.-那袋子沉么？

-不很沉。

_____________________________________Mybrothersmokes,butIdon’t(smoke).QuizII:Translatethesentences.

When(youare)crossingthero