2024年八年級(jí)寒假Lesson6八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit2SectionB新課學(xué)習(xí)

U2I’llhelptocleanthecityparksSectionBpart1KeywordsNo.EnglishChineseTestrepairv.修理；修補(bǔ)fixv.修理；安裝brokenadj.破損的；殘缺的wheeln.車輪；輪子lettern.信；函Missn.女士；小姐disabledadj.喪失能力的；有殘疾的blindadj.瞎的；失明的deafadj.聾的imaginev.想象；設(shè)想difficultyn.苦難；難題openv.打開carryv.拿；提；扛traintrainingv.訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)n.訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)excitedadj.激動(dòng)的；興奮的kindnessn.仁慈；善良cleveradj.聰明的；聰穎的understandv.理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)changev.&n.變化；改變interestn.&v.興趣；是產(chǎn)生興趣sirn.先生Madamn.女士Part2KeyphrasesPhrasesMeaningPhrasesMeaningrunoutof用光afriendofmine我的一位朋友fixup修理；安裝helpsbout幫某人擺脫困境giveaway贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)aspecialtraineddog.一只特別訓(xùn)練過(guò)的狗takeafter(外貌或行為)像beexcitedabout對(duì)…感到興奮besimilarto與……相似aftersixmonthsoftraining六個(gè)月的訓(xùn)練之后setup建起;設(shè)立beinterestedin對(duì)…感興趣makeadifference影響;有作用befreetodosth有空做某事answerthetelephone接電話bestrongin在某方面很強(qiáng)大(擅長(zhǎng))【即講即練】1.Theshoesaretoosmallforme.Ifeel_________(comfortable)whenIputthemon.2.Iamalwaysnervousbeforethefinal__________(examine).3.Thecityissmall,butitis______(fame)foritssilk.4.Heusedtobe_________(power).5.________(wealth)personisalwaysunhappy,so_______(wealth)doesn’tbringhappinessallthetime.Part3ReadingUnderstandingpartsofspeechKnowingwhatpartofspeechawordis(noun,verb,preposition,etc.)canhelpyouunderstandtheword’smeaning.UnderstandingpartsofspeechKnowingwhatpartofspeechawordis(noun,verb,preposition,etc.)canhelpyouunderstandtheword’smeaning.1.WhowrotethelettertoMissLi?Why?2.WhatdidMissLido?DearMissLi,I’dliketothankyouforgivingmoneytoAnimalHelpers.I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Letmetellyoumystory.Whatwoulditbeliketobeblindordeaf?Orimagineyoucan’twalkoruseyourhandseasily.Mostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulties.Ican’tusemyarmsorlegswell,sonormalthingslikeansweringthetelephone,openingandclosingdoors,orcarryingthingsaredifficultforme.Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminehelpedmeout.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.Shealsothoughtadogmightcheermeup.IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.AftersixmonthsoftrainingwithadogatAnimalHelpers,Iwasabletobringhimhome.Mydog’snameisLucky--agoodnameforhimbecauseIfeelveryluckytohavehim.Yousee,I’monlyabletohavea“dog-helper”becauseofyourkindness!LuckyisverycleverandunderstandsmanyEnglishwords.HecanunderstandmewhenIgivehimorders.Forexample,Isay,“Lucky!Getmybook,”andhedoesitatonce.Luckyisafantasticdog.I’llsendyouaphotoofhimifyoulike,andIcouldshowyouhowhehelpsme.Thankyouagainforchangingmylife.Bestwishes,BenSmithPart4keypoints1.I’verunoutofit.把它用完了。◆runoutof用完（run-ran-run）補(bǔ)充：useup用完eatup吃完【拓展】runout和runoutof的區(qū)別：人+runoutof+物物+runout【小試牛刀】I_____________mymoney,soIwillaskmyparentsforitagain.(用完)ChairmanXiadvisedusto_______ourfoodinthedishes.（吃光）2.I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我確信你知道這個(gè)組織是為幫助像我這樣的殘疾人設(shè)立的。◆wassetup被建立，be+done表示被動(dòng)（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)必有bedone，時(shí)態(tài)都在be上轉(zhuǎn)換）◆setup建立；設(shè)立（set-set-set）eg：ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun.◆辨析setup與buildsetup意為“建立；設(shè)立；開辦”，后常接某一組織，機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體等。build意為“建造；修建”，后常接建筑物，機(jī)械等eg.Theysetupanorganizationtohelpthepoorbuildhouses.他們?cè)O(shè)立了一個(gè)組織來(lái)幫助窮人建造房子?！拘≡嚺５丁縊urschoolisplanningto_______abandtogivethestudentsachancetoshowtheirmusicaltalent.A.takeupB.setupC.pickup2）--WhatshouldwedoforthedisabledchildrenintheChildren’sHome.--You’resupposedto_______astudygrouptohelpthem.takeupB.fixupC.setupD.stayup3.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.你幫助我，使我擁有Lucky成為可能?！鬽akeit+adj.(forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事是……的，其中it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。類似這種用法的動(dòng)詞還有：think，find等。【小試牛刀】1）Ifound_______notveryeasy_________torideabike.A.that;learn B.it;tolearn C.that;tolearn4.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.“幸運(yùn)”對(duì)我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大影響?！鬽akeadifference有影響；有作用◆makeadifferencetosb./sth.對(duì)……有影響◆makenodifference沒有作用；沒有影響◆differencen.差異differentadj.困難的bedifferentfrom…與……不同【小試牛刀】1）TherecenttalkbetweenTomandhisparentsmadeabigdifference______him.A.toB.forC.about2）Potatoesaredifferent_______tomatoes.A.toB.from C.of5.Orimagineyoucan’twalkoruseyourhandseasily.或想象一下你不能自如走路或使用你的雙手?！鬷maginev.想象；設(shè)想imaginationn.想象力；空想◆imagine后加名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或從句作賓語(yǔ)。eg：Weoftenimaginelivinginabighouse.我們經(jīng)常想象住在一所大房子里?！拘≡嚺５丁?）Canyouimaginehim_____hisdreamjobtovolunteerinAfrica?A.giveupB.togiveupC.givingupD.gaveup2）TheInternetissocloselyconnected(聯(lián)系緊密)withourdailylife.Canyou______alifewithoutit?A.understandB.imagineC.hopeD.expect5.IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.我愛動(dòng)物，我對(duì)擁有一種狗的想法興奮不已。◆beexcitedabout固定搭配，因……而興奮不已◆excitedadj.激動(dòng)的；興奮的（常用來(lái)修飾人）excitingadj.令人激動(dòng)的；令人興奮的（常用來(lái)修飾事/物）excitementn.激動(dòng)；興奮eg:Hewasexcitedtohearthenews.他聽到那則消息感到很激動(dòng)。ThefootballmatchwewatchedlastSundaywasveryexciting.我們上個(gè)星期看的足球賽很令人興奮。Thechildrenshoutedinexcitementwhentheysawthecandies.當(dāng)孩子們看到糖果的時(shí)候，他們興奮地大叫?！拘≡嚺５丁?）--What_______news!--Yes.Allofthechildrenwere__________.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitedC.excited;excited5.Whatareyourinterestsandhobbies?你的興趣和愛好是什么?◆interestn.興趣；關(guān)注；利益；利息v.使感興趣；使關(guān)注interestedadj.感興趣的；表現(xiàn)出興趣的（主語(yǔ)通常是人）interestingadj.有趣的；有吸引力的（主語(yǔ)通常是物）eg:Iwatchedwithinterest.我興致勃勃地看著。Thenewcarinterestsme.我對(duì)這輛新車感興趣.【拓展】have/take/show(an)interestin=beinterestedin后可加名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞eg:Whyareyousointerestedinthisposition?你為什么對(duì)這個(gè)職位感興趣？【小試牛刀】1）Iam______in________basketball.A.interest；playB.interested；playingC.interests；playing2）Thispairofshoes__________mealot.A.interestsB.interestingC.interested7．Whenareyoufreetodothejob?你什么時(shí)候有空做這個(gè)工作？◆befreetodosth.有空做某事dosth.forfree免費(fèi)做某事eg:Areyoufreetohaveadatewithme?你有空和我約會(huì)嗎？Youcaneateveryyouwantforfree.你可以免費(fèi)吃任何你想吃的東西。【小試牛刀】1）Doessheeatthehamburger_______?A.forfreeB.nomoneyC.havemoney2）你這周六有空參加我的生日晚會(huì)嗎？(翻譯成英文)________________________________Part5Keygrammar◆動(dòng)詞不定式的用法（1）基本形式：to+動(dòng)詞原形（否定：notto+動(dòng)詞原形）（2）動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能：作主語(yǔ)TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.=ItisveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.作表語(yǔ)Myjobistokookafterpatients.我的工作是照顧病人。作賓語(yǔ)Wewanttogoswimming.我們想去游泳。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Sheinvitedmetogototheconcert.她邀請(qǐng)我去演唱會(huì)。作定語(yǔ)Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事情告訴你。作狀語(yǔ)Shegotupveryearlytocatchtheearlybus.她起得很早，為的是趕上早班公交車?？谠E：1）不定式有標(biāo)記，to與動(dòng)詞連一起。②沒有人稱數(shù)變化，動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)它具備。

2）主賓定狀表補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，唯獨(dú)作謂不可以。④not加上不定式，否定結(jié)構(gòu)要牢記。

3）疑問(wèn)詞與不定式，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)有意義。⑥仔細(xì)推敲多思考，準(zhǔn)確判斷有依據(jù)。（3）“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞不定式可以用在疑問(wèn)詞what，how，when，where等之后，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。Howtogetthereisaproblem.(作主語(yǔ))怎么樣去那里是個(gè)問(wèn)題。Idon’tknowwhattosay.(作賓語(yǔ))我不知道說(shuō)什么。ThequestionishowtolearnEnglishwell.(作表語(yǔ))問(wèn)題是怎樣學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。（4）經(jīng)常遇到的后面加todo的不定式：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)（hope，wish，want，agree，promise）；一個(gè)要求莫拒絕（demand，refuse）；設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定（manage，refuse）；不要假裝在選擇（pretend，choose）。其他：feel，listen，hear，let，make，have，see，watch，lookat，notice?！拘≡嚺５丁?)1.Theboywenttothehospital_____afterhismother.(2016青海中考)A.looked B.look C.tolook()2.--I’llhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon’tknow__________.(2016成都中考)--HowaboutParis?A.whattodo B.wheretogo C.whentogo()3.Tomhasdecided_______apart-timejobafterfromschool.（2016攀枝花中考）A.do B.todo C.doing()4.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.A.notto B.nottodo C.notdoit D.donotto()6.Thepatientwaswarned_______oily(油質(zhì)的)foodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnot B.eatingnot C.nottoeat D.noteating()7.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.A.workB.workingC.toworkD.workedPart6Practicemakesperfect單選()1.She________hisnumberinthephonebooktomakesurethatshehadgotitright.A.lookedfor B.lookedup C.lookedafter()2.Yourschoolthingsarehereandthere.Willyouplease_________?A.throwaboutthem B.putthemaway C.throwthemabout ()3.Actually,___inthefarmers’houses____prettycomfortablewhentravelinginChengdu’ssuburb(郊區(qū)).A.staying;is B.tostay;are C.stay;is ()4.She_________byfindingmeaspeciallytraineddog,whichactually_________.A.helpedme;cheeredme B.helpedmeout;cheeredmeupC.helpedmeup;cheeredmeup ()5.Theoldmanis_______,sohecan’tseethenoticeonthewall.A.deaf B.blind C.excited()6.--Mr.Handisanoutgoingman.--Yes,althoughhelives____,heneverfeels____.A.lonely;alone B.alone;lonely C.alone;alone()7.--Theproblemseemsserious.--Yes,wemust_____agoodideatosolveit.A.cheerup B.comeupwith C.setup()8.--Oh.It’srainingnow.--Sowehaveto_____thesportsmeeting.A.putoff B.carefor C.giveout()9.UNICEFwas_______in1946toimprovechildren’slivesafterWorldWarⅡ.A.givenup B.putup C.setup()10.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan___others.A.help B.helping C.tohelp完形Canyouimaginestaying___1____atthelostandFoundofanairportforonenight?IdiditonmytripbacktoChinafromtheUSinMay.IhadtostayatDallasAirportthatnightonmyown.Iplannedtosleepinmychairattheboardinggate(登機(jī)口).AsItookmy___2____offtorelaxmylegwithabandage,awomancameuptome.“AreyouOK,Miss?”sheasked.“Myleft___3____wasbroken.That'sallright.”Ianswered.Thewomansaid,“Oh,youneedto___4____.Wecangetaroomforyoutosleepin.”My___5____wasfullofallkindsofthoughts.“ShouldItrusther?Doessheworkattheairport?”“Don'tworry.Iworkhere.”Shesmiled(微笑)atmeandshowedher___6____.Istilldidn'ttrusther___7____sheaskedamaninuniformtotakeawheelchair(輪椅)forme.ThenshetookmetotheLostandFound,aplacetotakecareofmissingkids.Asmallbedwithaquiltasinit.“Goodnight,”shesmiledatme.Herblueeyesmademefeel___8____.Goodnight,truly,thankyou!”IsaidtoherLyingonthatbrown___9____,IfeltlikeIwasonaboatinarivertomydream.Thenextmorningsomeoneelsetheresentmetotheboardinggate.Iwouldliketodosomethingforthekindwoman.YetIknowthatthebestwayistotakethis___10____topeopleintrouble.()1.Ahappily B.aloneC.straight()2.A.shoe B.trousers C.skirt()3.A.hand B.leg C.arm()4.A.havearest B.haveawalk C.haveadrink()5.A.wallet B.bag C.mind()6.AIDcard B.ticket C.looking()7.A.when B.until C.after()8.A.scared B.peace C.cold()9.A.seat B.bed C.table()10.A.problem Bsituation C.kindness閱讀EnglishClubWearegoingtosetupanEnglishclub.ThememberswillpracticespokenEnglishintheschool’smeetingroomafterschoolonMonday,WednesdayandFridayafternoon.Ifyouwanttojointheclub,pleasecallusat3876-1258EnglishSpeechContestTheninth-gradestudentswillhaveanEnglishspeechcontest(演講比賽)onMonday,November26.Itwilltakeplaceinthesquare(廣場(chǎng))beforetheteachingbuilding.Thosewhowanttotakepartinthecontestpleasecall7862-5319MathExamWe'regoingtohaveamathexamonThursdayNovember22.ThetopthreewillbepossibletotakepartintheIMO(國(guó)際數(shù)奧賽).Wewantalltheninth-gradestudentstotakepartintheexam.Ifyouareinterestedinit,call9876-3521,orgotoroom306.ATalkabouthowtoLearnEnglishThefamousEnglishteacherZhaoKaiwillgiveusatalkabouthowtolearnEnglishwellonTuesday,November20.Thetalkisintheschoolhall.Itstartsat2:30intheafternoon.Allthestudentsinourschoolmusttakepartinit.()1.Ifyouareaseven-gradestudent,whichonecanyouchoose?A.TheMathExam.B.TheEnglishClubC.TheEnglishSpeechContest()2.WhendoestheEnglishspeechconteststart?A.OnNovember20.B.OnNovember22C.OnNovember26()3.Ifyouareinterestedinmath,youcancallA.9876-3521B.7862-5319C.3876-1258()4.Whichoneistrue?A.TheEnglishclubisheldonweekendsB.ThestudentsintopfourcantakepartinIMOC.TheEnglishspeechcontestwilltakeplaceinthesquare()5.Thefournoticescanbeseen________.inthesquareB.atschoolC.onTV

四、完成對(duì)話A:Hello,Jim.Whatareyouplanningtodothissummervacation?B:Ihopetodosomeworkasa___1____inmyneighborhood.A:Really?Soundsmeaningful.Whatworkwouldyouliketodo?B:I’dliketohelp___2____thekidsintheneighborhood.A:Why?B:Someofthekidsusuallyfeel___3____.Theyhavenosistersorbrotherstoplaywithbecausetheyarethe___4____kidsintheirfamily.Whentheirparentsgotowork,therearejusttheir___5____aroundthem.Theycan'tfind___6____thingstotalkwithbecauseoftheiragedifferences.ATheysurelyneedsomeoneto___7____them.Sheorheknowsalotaboutthemandcanhelpthemstudybetteratthesametime.B:You'reright.Iplantocallupsomekidsfromourneighborhoodandmakethemagrouptostudy___8____.Everyday,Icanhelpthemwiththeirschoolworkandthendosomeactivitiestheyare___9____in.Wouldyouliketojoinme?A:WhatcanIdotohelpyou?B:Couldyouwritea___10____andputitontheboardatthegate(門)ofourneighborhoodsothatmoreparentscanknowthis?A:Noproblem.五、十二選十。calldriverexperiencefollowlonenamenoticequickquietsatisfystrongwalkOnmy10thbirthday,mymomgotmeadog.I___1___himChad.Hegrewtobequite___2___andwasveryloyal(忠心的)tome.Oneday,ChadandI__3____tothestoreafewmilesawaytogetsomefood.Ontheway,I____4_____manandawomanfightingwitheachother.Thewomantriedtogetawayfromtheman,butthemankept___5____her.Chadbolted(突然狂奔)frommysideandranbetweenthemanandthewoman.Assoonasthemantookastepforward,Chadshowedhisteethandshoutedathim.Iwas__6____himtocomebackbuthedidn’tlistentome.Thewomankeptwalkingandgotintoataxiandleft.Isawthatthewomanwascrying(哭泣)andsomebruises(傷痕)wereonherarmsandneck.Themanranaway____7____aftershegotinthetaxi.Igotgreat___8____fromwhatChaddid.ButIhardlysawhimshowhisteeth.Itwasscary.WhenIgothomethatnightandtoldmymomwhatChadandI___9____,shehappilysaid,“Goodboy,Chad.”Thenshe___10_____saidinhisear,“Iknewyouwouldkeepaneyeonmyboyforme.”Atthatmoment,Iunderstoodhowmuchmymomlovedme.六、表格Canonepaperbagchangetheworld?SarahMurphytriestodosomethingaboutit.TheseventhgraderfromMassachusetts.intheUnitedStates,decorates(裝飾)lunchbagsforthehomeless.Shewantstobringhopetothosepeople.Shewillgivethedecoratedbags,togetherwithalunch,tohomelesspeo