專(zhuān)題2 代詞-2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件

第二講

不可忽視的小詞：代詞、冠詞、介詞和數(shù)詞專(zhuān)題2.1代

詞考向1人稱(chēng)、物主與反身代詞單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2023·全國(guó)卷I)

Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof_______(they)contents.解析：考查代詞。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有一個(gè)精致的外皮，可以讓它們從蒸籠籃中拿出來(lái)，而不會(huì)撕裂或溢出里面的東西。修飾后面的名詞contents

(東西)需用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。2.(2020·全國(guó)卷II)Readersareencouragedtocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththeguidanceof_____(we)FurtherResourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.解析：考查代詞。所填的詞作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞FurtherResourcessection，所以用形容詞性的物主代詞。故填our。theirour3.(2020·全國(guó)卷II)...inthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin______(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanisamusttovisit!解析：考查名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)前一句來(lái)理解，說(shuō)明“......也深深在印在我的記憶中”，此處應(yīng)該是mymemory，然后依照語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，用mine來(lái)代替。故填mine。4.(2020·全國(guó)卷I)Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether_____(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.解析：根據(jù)空格后的名詞plan及前面的結(jié)構(gòu)可知要用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。mineits5.(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷I)

Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations

(模擬)andimagine__________(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.解析：考查反身代詞的用法。句子主語(yǔ)是visitors，此空又在動(dòng)詞imagine后面做賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用反身代詞。故填themselves。6.(2018·全國(guó)卷I)

Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive__________atry.解析：考查代詞或名詞的用法。句意：如果你時(shí)間不充裕，你只需要花費(fèi)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)一半的時(shí)間去跑步便可獲得同樣的好處，因此或許我們都應(yīng)該試試跑步。此處giveitatry意為：試試。此處it可以指running。故填it或running。themselvesit/running7.

(2018·浙江卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap_____canbetoeatout.解析：考查it用法。句子howcheap...canbetoeatout.是由感嘆句轉(zhuǎn)換的賓語(yǔ)從句，正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是itcanbehowcheaptoeatout.其中不定式toeatout是真正主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。故填it。8.

(2017·浙江)Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt_______(I),”saysPahlsson.解析：句意：她原本以為我傷到了自己。根據(jù)句意可知用I的反身代詞myself。itmyself9.

(全國(guó)I)

Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-old

twinthathadbeenrejectedby_____

(it)mother.解析：根據(jù)空格后的名詞及前面的alivelythree-month-oldtwin可知要用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。10.(全國(guó)I)

Afewhoursbefore,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,

with

_____

(it)chokingsmog.解析：空格后面有名詞smog，故要使用形容詞性物主代詞its。itsits11.

(廣東)

Nowitoccurredto_____

(he)thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.解析：Itoccurredtosb.

that...某人突然想到……，是一個(gè)固定句型，此句型中sb.為賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用賓格形式，故填him。12.

(新課標(biāo)全國(guó)II)

Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Ohdear!It’s________(I).”解析：此題答案不唯一，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境仔細(xì)揣摩。此處的it如果指前面的suitcase的話，那么此空需要使用名詞性物主代詞mine，表示“那個(gè)箱子是我的”；如果指前面的anyone的話，那么此空需要用Ⅰ的賓格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丟失了手提箱”。himme/mine考向2替代詞及不定代詞單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind

______

(they)alive.解析：考查代詞。此處做find的賓語(yǔ)，所以用賓格them。2.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ)

However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing____everyday.解析：use是及物動(dòng)詞，其后接賓語(yǔ)，此處很明顯缺少代詞。分析句意可知，此處用it指代上文提到的therailway。themit3.(遼寧)Keepholdingyourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthandflexibility.Raiseyourlegandlet

_____

stayintheairforseconds.解析：根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)填入指代leg的代詞。句意：抬起腿，讓它(it)在空中停一會(huì)兒。4.(廣東)

Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid___wasawonderfulholidaydestination.解析：從空后的awonderfulholidaydestination可知，這個(gè)地方就是Miami，用it指代前面提到的地點(diǎn)。5.(廣東)

Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehadanamazingconversation.Itmade______ofusfeelgood.解析：根據(jù)文意可知，空后的us指上文提到的“theman”和“I”，故此處指這使我們“兩個(gè)人”都感到很好。ititboth考點(diǎn)精析代詞的分類(lèi)復(fù)

數(shù)復(fù)

數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)人稱(chēng)代詞主語(yǔ)Iyouhe,she,itweyouthey賓格meyouhim,her,itusyouthem物主代詞形容詞性myyourhis,her,itsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs反身代詞myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代詞this,that,these,those,such,thesame疑問(wèn)代詞連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,which,thatas不定代詞some,any,every,each,many,much,afew,alittle,all,none,both,either,neither,other,another相互代詞eachother,oneanother代詞分為九類(lèi)，大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的作用。代詞的核心考點(diǎn)1.人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞主格Iyou(你)you(你們)wehesheitthey人稱(chēng)代詞賓格meyouyouushimheritthem人稱(chēng)代詞主格=主語(yǔ)/同位語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用主格形式TheyalwaysthoughtIwouldbecomeanEnglishteacher.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞賓格=表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞賓格形式作及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞賓格形式在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)①I(mǎi)’mhonouredthatyouwouldaskmeforadvice.你向我征詢(xún)建議，我倍感榮幸。作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)②Myfatherisalwayspatientwithmeforadvice.父親總是耐心地向我請(qǐng)教。作介詞賓語(yǔ)2.物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞myyour(你的)your(你們的)ourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineyoursyoursourshishersitstheirs形容詞性物主代詞(定語(yǔ))+名詞形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞作用，置于名詞前作定語(yǔ)形容詞性物主代詞+own+名詞“某人自己的……”①Shedrovehercarintothelocalgamereserve.作定語(yǔ)，修飾car②Theymadetheirownclothes.作定語(yǔ)，修飾clothes名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞名詞性物主代詞后不能接名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)①I(mǎi)t’snotmyphone.Mineisonthedesk.

這不是我的手機(jī)，我的在桌子上。②She’sanoldfriendofyours.

她是你的一個(gè)老朋友。作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)2.反身代詞單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves動(dòng)詞/介詞+oneself/系動(dòng)詞+oneself反身代詞在句中可作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)，但不可作主語(yǔ)反身代詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)必須與所指代的名詞或代詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致①Heknowsexactlyhowtomakehimselfrelaxed.他清楚地知道如何放松自己。②Iamnotmyselftoday.今天我感覺(jué)不舒服。作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)含反身代詞的固定搭配enjoyoneself玩得愉快

teachoneself自學(xué)behaveoneself舉止得體

seatoneself坐下cometooneself蘇醒

devoteoneselfto致力于……h(huán)elponeselfto自己取用……

makeoneselfathome不拘束byoneself獨(dú)自地

ofoneself自動(dòng)地foroneself為自己

inoneself本身it的用法it=上文出現(xiàn)的同一個(gè)人或事物it與one/that等代詞用法在閱讀理解的詞義猜測(cè)題中是考查熱點(diǎn)，應(yīng)特別重視it=上文的原文/原物/原人

one=a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞ones=泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞

theone=the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞that=the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞

theones/those=the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞①I(mǎi)leftmyelectronicdictionaryinmydrawer,butnowitisgone.

我把電子詞典放在抽屜里，可現(xiàn)在不見(jiàn)了。②Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,one

(=apresent)thatIhadneverseen.

張先生給了我一份非常珍貴的禮物，一份我從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)的（禮物）。③ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthat

(=thepopulation)oftheUnitedStates.

中國(guó)的人口比美國(guó)人口多。④ThestudentsinClassOnearemoreactivethanthose

(thestudents)inClassFour.

一班的學(xué)生比四班的學(xué)生活躍。it指代說(shuō)話者不清楚的人/性別不明的嬰兒

Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whomightitbe?

有人在敲門(mén)，會(huì)是誰(shuí)呢？it指代身份不明的人it=時(shí)間、天氣、距離、環(huán)境等①Oneeveningwhenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurpose.有一天晚上天氣很暖和，我故意不睡覺(jué)。②Itisnotfarfromheretothehotel.這兒離賓館不遠(yuǎn)。指天氣指距離it作形式主語(yǔ)、代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句Itbe+adj.(+of/forsb.)+不定式Itbenogood/use/pleasure+doingsth.做某事沒(méi)有好處/用處/樂(lè)趣Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事Ittakes

(+sb.)sometime/moneytodosth.（某人）花時(shí)間/錢(qián)做某事Itisapity/afact/nowonder+that從句很遺憾……/事實(shí)是……/難怪……Itissaid/reported/believed/considered...that從句據(jù)說(shuō)/報(bào)道/相信/認(rèn)為……Itoccursto/hits/strikessb.that從句某人突然想起……①I(mǎi)tisfoolishofyoutomakethesamemistakeagain.你太蠢了，又一次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。②Itisnopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylonger.觀看這些已經(jīng)不再有趣。③It’sawonderthatyoucouldfinishsuchahardtaskinsuchashorttime.你在如此短的時(shí)間完成這么難的任務(wù)真是個(gè)奇跡。形式主語(yǔ)真正的主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)真正的主語(yǔ)真正的主語(yǔ)it作形式賓語(yǔ)→主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+todo

/

doing

/從句主語(yǔ)+like/enjoy/prefer/love/hate/dislike/appreciate+when/if從句主語(yǔ)+think/believe/find/consider/feel/make等+it+adj./n.(for/ofsb.)todo/從句主語(yǔ)+think/believe/find/consider/feel/make等+it+useless/worthwhile/nouse/nogood+doing...①I(mǎi)wouldappreciateitifyoupayincash.

如果你用現(xiàn)金支付我將不勝感激。②Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.

我仍然發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與他們交友。真正的賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)真正的賓語(yǔ)it用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)makeit成功；設(shè)法到達(dá)；約定時(shí)間manageit設(shè)法做成getit明白takeiteasy別著急asitis照現(xiàn)狀assomeoneputit照某人所說(shuō)Don’tmentionit.不客氣。believeitornot信不信由你whenitcomesto...談到……不定代詞不同范圍下不定代詞的使用都任何（一個(gè)）都不另外兩者botheitherneithertheother三者或三者以上allanynoneanother①Theybothlikethefilm.

他們兩個(gè)都喜歡這部電影。②Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundeitherofthemagain.

他的脾氣和健康在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中變得很差，并且之后再也沒(méi)恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。③Thiscapistoosmallforme.Showmeanother

(one).

這頂帽子對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太小了，給我再看一頂。④Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher;

theotherisadoctor.

這位老人有兩個(gè)兒子，一個(gè)是老師，另一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。many,much,few,

littlefew“很少人（或事物、地方）”、afew“有些（人、事物、地方）；一些”，指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞little“不多的”，alittle“少量的；一些”，指代不可數(shù)名詞many“許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much表示“許多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞①Fortunately,Ihadalittlemoneyleft.

幸運(yùn)的是，我剩了點(diǎn)錢(qián)。②Veryfewoftheteachersactuallylivehere.

這些老師中幾乎沒(méi)有幾個(gè)住在這兒。表肯定含義，修飾不可數(shù)名詞money表否定含義，指代可數(shù)名詞teachersnone,nothing,noone

/

nobody的區(qū)別none指人或物，表特指，可與of短語(yǔ)連用，對(duì)應(yīng)疑問(wèn)詞howmany/muchnothing指物，表泛指，不與of短語(yǔ)連用，對(duì)應(yīng)疑問(wèn)詞whatnoone/nobody指代人，表泛指，不與of短語(yǔ)連用，對(duì)應(yīng)疑問(wèn)詞who①M(fèi)ybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbutnonewasavailablefromthatshop.我哥哥想買(mǎi)一塊手表，但是那個(gè)商店沒(méi)有一塊好的。②Michaelwaitedforanhour,butnoonecame.邁克爾等了一個(gè)小時(shí)，但是沒(méi)有人來(lái)。代詞的部分否定和全部否定all,both,everyone,everybody,everything以及“every+名詞”與not連用時(shí)，表部分否定noone,nobody,none,neither,not...any/either以及“no+名詞”表全部否定not與總括性副詞，如：everywhere,always等連用時(shí)，也表示部分否定①Notallthebooksareuseful./Allthebooksarenotuseful.

并非所有書(shū)都有用。②Notbothbooksareinteresting.

/

Bothbooksarenotinteresting.

并非兩本書(shū)都有趣。③Everystudentdoesn’tgotoschoolonSunday.

并非每個(gè)學(xué)生周日都去學(xué)校。④Noteverybodyinourclasslikesreading.

并非我們班的每個(gè)人都喜歡閱讀。⑤Heknowsnoteverythingaboutit.

他對(duì)此事并非全都知道。習(xí)慣搭配中的不定代詞nothingbut僅僅；只是anythingbut決不eachother（兩者）互相oneanother

(三者或以上）互相oneafteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)everyotherday每隔一天some...others...一些……另一些……some...,theothers..一些……，其余的全部……one...,

theothers...一個(gè)……，其余的全部……some...

some...others..有些……，有些……，另一些……1.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.ThepopulationofScotlandwaseighttimesaslargeas_____ofCornwall.2.Whenthefactorycloses,____willmean500workerswillbeoutofwork.3.IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.Butsherefused.4.ItissaidthatashorttemperedmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasveryanxioustohope_____ricecropgrowingupquickly...Oneday,hecameupwithanideathathewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.5.Tomfeltthathekneweverybody’sbusinessbetterthantheyknewit___________.thatitherhisthemselves6.Theboypromised_____mothernevertolieto

again.7.Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithacousinof_______.8.Mydaughteroftenmakesascheduletoget________remindedofwhatsheistodointheday.9.Themotherdidn’tknow______toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.10.Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind______tobuy.histheirsherselfwhowhichⅡ.語(yǔ)法填空(代詞專(zhuān)練)

Ican’tbelieveImade_____

intoSanFranciscoatlast!