2021年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題（一）

2021年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題（一）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaytitled“Arepeople

becomingaddictedtotechnology?99.Thestatementgivenbelowisforyourreference.Youshould

writeatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Numerousstudiesclaimthataddictiontotechnologyisrealandithasthesameeffectonthe

brainasdrugaddiction.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,you

willheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)EnrolhiminaNewcastlefootballclub.C)Forbidhimtodrawinhisworkbook.

B)Sendhimtoanafter-schoolartclass.D)Helphimposthisdrawingsonline.

2.A)ContactedJoetodecorateitsdining-room.

B)HiredJoetopaintallthewallsofitsbuildings.

C)Renovateditskitchenandallthedining-rooms.

D)AskedJoeforpermissiontousehisonlinedrawings.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Getherpetdogback.C)Identifythesuspectonthesecurityvideo.

B)Begforhelpfromthepolice.D)Postpicturesofherpetdogonsocialmedia.

4.A)Itissufferingagreatdealfromtheincident.

B)Itishelpingthepolicewiththeinvestigation.

C)Itisbringingthecasetothelocaldistrictcourt.

D)Itisofferingabigrewardtoanyonewhohelps.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Providefreemealstothelocalpoor.C)Helpeliminateclassdifferenceinhisarea.

B)Helppeopleconnectwitheachother.D)Providecustomerswithfirst-classservice.

6.A)Itdoesnotsuperviseitsemployees.C)Itdoesnotusevolunteers.

B)Itdonatesregularlytoalocalcharity.D)Itisopenroundtheclock.

7.A)Theywillrealisetheimportanceofcommunication.

B)Theywillcometothecafeevenmorefrequently.

C)Theywillcarelessabouttheirownbackground.

D)Theywillfindtheyhavesomethingincommon.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,

youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce,

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)AsurprisepartyforPaul'sbirthday.C)PreparationsforSaturday'sget-together.

B)Travelplansforthecomingweekend.D)Thenewmarketontheothersideoftown.

9.A)Itmakesthehostess*sjobawholeloteasier.

B)Itenablesgueststowalkaroundandchatfreely.

C)Itsavesconsiderabletimeandlabor.

D)Itrequiresfewertablesandchairs.

10.A)Itofferssomebigdiscounts.C)Itismorespaciousandlesscrowded

B)Itisquiteclosetoherhouse.D)Itsellslocalwinesandsoftdrinks.

11.A)Cookadishfortheparty.C)Prepareafewopeningremarks.

B)Arrive10minutesearlier.D)Bringhiscomputerandspeakers.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Forcommutingtowork.C)ForgettingaroundinMiami.

B)Forlong-distancetravel.D)Forconvenienceatweekends.

13.A)Theyarereliable.C)Theyarespacious.

B)Theyarecompact.D)Theyareeasytodrive.

14.A)Buyasecond-handcar.C)Seekadvicefromhisfriend.

B)Trustherownjudgment.D)Lookaroundbeforedeciding.

15.A)Hesellsnewcars.C)Heisstartingabusiness.

B)Hecanbetrusted.D)Heisasuccessfulcardealer.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhear

threeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryou

hearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Manyescapedfromfarmsandbecamewild.

B)TheywereactuallynativetoNorthAmerica.

C)Manygotkilledinthewildwhensearchingforfood.

D)TheywerehuntedbySpanishandRussianexplorers.

17.A)Theyoftenmakesuddenattacksonpeople.

B)Theybreakupnature'sfoodsupplychain.

C)Theycausemuchenvironmentalpollution.

D)Theycarryagreatmanydiseases.

18.A)Theylivedpeacefullywithwildpigs.C)Theyfellvictimtoeagles.

B)Theyranoutoffoodcompletely.D)Theyreproducedquickly.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Tastecoffeewhileinouterspace.C)Developanewstrainofcoffeebean.

B)Roastcoffeebeansinouterspace.D)Useapressurisedtanktobrewcoffee.

20.A)Theycaneasilygetburned.C)Theyhavetobeheatedto360℃.

B)Theyfloataroundintheoven.D)Theyreceiveevenlydistributedheat.

21.A)Theychargedahighpricefortheirspace-roastedcoffeebeans.

B)TheysetupabranchinDubaitomanufacturecoffeeroasters.

C)Theycollaboratedonbuildingthefirstspacecoffeemachine.

D)Theyabandonedtheattempttoroastcoffeebeansinspace.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Itisthebesttimeforsightseeing.C)TheycometocleantheIditarodTrail.

B)Aracepassesthroughitannually.D)Itiswhenthevillagerschooseaqueen.

23.A)Itschildren'sbakingskills.C)Itstastyfruitpies.

B)Itsuniquewinterscenery.D)Itsgreatfoodvariety.

24.A)Thecontestants.C)JanNewtonandherfriends.

B)Theentirevillage.D)PeoplefromthestateofIdaho.

25.A)SheownedarestaurantinIdaho.C)ShewenttoAlaskatocompeteinarace.

B)Shemarriedherhusbandin1972.D)Shehelpedthevillagetobecomefamous.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40

minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthehankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthehankmorethanonce.

MostanimalsseekshadewhentemperaturesintheSaharaDesertsoarto120degrees

Fahrenheit.ButfortheSaharansilverant,26fromtheirundergroundnestsintothesun's

brutalraysto27forfood,thisistheperfecttimetoseeklunch.In2015theseantswere

joinedinthedesertbyscientistsfromtwoBelgianuniversities,whospentamonthinthe28

heattrackingtheantsanddiggingouttheirnests.Thegoalwassimple,todiscoverhowthe

29adaptedtothekindofheatthatcan30meltthebottomofshoes.

BackinBelgium,thescientistslookedattheantsunderanelectronicmicroscopeandfound

thattheir31triangularhairreflectslightlikeaprism(棱鏡)，givingthemametallic

reflectionandprotectingthemfromthesun'sawfulheat.WhenPh.D.studentQuentinWillot

32thehairfromanantwitha33knifeandputitunderaheatlamp,itstemperature

jumped.

Theants*methodofstayingcoolis34amonganimals.Couldthisreflectivetypeof

hairprotectpeople?Willotsayscompaniesareinterestedin35theseants'methodofheat

protectionforhumanuse,includingeverythingfromhelpingtoprotectthelivesoffirefightersto

keepinghomescoolinsummer.

A)adaptingF)huntK)species

B)consciouslyG)literallyL)specimens

C)crawlingH)moderateM)thick

D)crowdedI)remoteN)tiny

E)extremeJ)removedO)unique

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfrom

whichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraph

ismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2.

Thestartofhighschooldoesn'thavetobestressful

A)Thismonth,morethan4millionstudentsacrossthenationwillbeginhighschool.Manywill

dowell.Butmanywillnot.Considerthatnearlytwo-thirdsofstudentswillexperiencethe

"ninth-gradeshock,“whichreferstoadramaticdropinastudent'sacademicperformance.

Somestudentscopewiththisshockbyavoidingchallenges.Forinstance,theymaydrop

difficultcoursework.Othersmayexperienceahopelessnessthatresultsinfailingtheircore

classes,suchasEnglish,scienceandmath.

B)Thisshouldmatteragreatdealtoparents,teachersandpolicymakers.Ultimatelyitshould

mattertothestudentsthemselvesandsocietyatlarge,becausestudents'experienceof

transitioning(過渡)totheninthgradecanhavelong-termconsequencesnotonlyforthe

studentsthemselvesbutfortheirhomecommunities.Wemaketheseobservationsasresearch

psychologistswhohavestudiedhowschoolsandfamiliescanhelpyoungpeoplethrive.

C)Inthenewglobaleconomy,studentswhofailtofinishtheninthgradewithpassinggradesin

collegepreparatorycourseworkareveryunlikelytograduateontimeandgoontogetjobs.

Onestudyhascalculatedthatthelifetimebenefittothelocaleconomyforasingleadditional

studentwhocompleteshighschoolishalfamilliondollarsormore.Thisisbasedonhigher

earningsandavoidedcostsinhealthcare,crime,welfaredependenceandotherthings.

D)Theconsequencesofdoingpoorlyintheninthgradecanimpactmorethanstudents*abilityto

findagoodjob.Itcanalsoimpacttheextenttowhichtheyenjoylife.Studentslosemanyof

thefriendstheyturnedtoforsupportwhentheymovefromtheeighthtotheninthgrade.One

studyofninth-gradestudentsfoundthat50percentoffriendshipsamongninthgraders

changedfromonemonthtothenext,signalingstrikinginstabilityinfriendships.

E)Inaddition,studiesfindthefirstyearofhighschooltypicallyshowsoneofthegreatest

increasesindepressionofanyyearoverthelifespan.Researchersthinkthatoneexplanationis

thattiestofriendsarebrokenwhileacademicdemandsarerising.Furthermore,mostadult

casesofclinicaldepressionfirstemergeinadolescence(W#MO)oTheWorldHealth

Organizationreportsthatdepressionhasthegreatestburdenofdiseaseworldwide,intermsof

thetotalcostoftreatmentandthelossofproductivity.

F)Givenallthat*sridingonhavingasuccessfulninthgradeexperience,itpaystoexplorewhat

canbedonetomeettheacademic,socialandemotionalchallengesofthetransitiontohigh

school.Sofar,ourstudieshaveyieldedonemaininsight:Students'beliefsaboutchange-their

beliefsaboutwhetherpeoplearestuckonewayforever,orwhetherpeoplecanchangetheir

personalitiesandabilities-arerelatedtotheirabilitytocope,succeedacademicallyand

maintaingoodmentalhealth.Pastresearchhascalledthesebeliefs”加〃2dse雙思維模

式),“witha“fixedmindsef*referringtothebeliefthatpeoplecannotchangeanda“growth

mindset'1referringtothebeliefthatpeoplecanchange.

G）Inonerecentstudy,weexamined360adolescents1beliefsaboutthenatureof“smartness”一

thatis,theirfixedmindsetsaboutintelligence.Wethenassessedbiologicalstressresponsesfor

studentswhosegradesweredroppingbyexaminingtheirstresshonnones（荷爾蒙）°Students

whobelievedthatintelligenceisfixed-thatyouarestuckbeing“notsmart"ifyoustrugglein

school-showedhigherlevelsofstresshormoneswhentheirgradesweredecliningatthe

beginningoftheninthgrade.Ifstudentsbelievedthatintelligencecouldimprove-thatistosay,

whentheyheldmoreofagrowthmindsetofintelligencetheyshowedlowerlevelsofstress

hormoneswhentheirgradesweredeclining.Thiswasanexcitingresultbecauseitshowedthat

thebody'sstressresponsesarenotdeterminedsolelybyone*sgrades.Instead,declininggrades

onlypredictedworsestresshormonesamongstudentswhobelievedthatworseninggrades

wereapermanentandhopelessstateofaffairs.

H）Wealsoinvestigatedthesocialsideofthehighschooltransition.Inthisstudy,insteadof

teachingstudentsthattheirsmartnesscanchange,wetaughtthemthattheirsocial

standing-thatis,whethertheyarebulliedorexcludedorleftout-canchangeovertime.Wethen

lookedathighschoolstudents1stressresponsestodailysocialdifficulties.Thatis,wetaught

themagrowthmindsetabouttheirsociallives.Inthisstudy,studentscameintothelaboratory

andwereaskedtogiveapublicspeechinfrontofupper-yearstudents.Thetopicofthespeech

waswhatmakesonepopularinhighschool.Followingthis,studentshadtocompletea

difficultmentalmathtaskinfrontofthesameupper-yearstudents.

I）Experimentresultsshowedthatstudentswhowerenottaughtthatpeoplecanchangeshowed

poorstressresponses.Whenthesestudentsgavethespeech,theirbloodvesselscontractedand

theirheartspumpedlessbloodthroughthebody-bothresponsesthatthebodyshowswhenitis

preparingfordamageordefeatafteraphysicalthreat.Thentheygaveworsespeechesand

mademoremistakesinmath.Butwhenstudentsweretaughtthatpeoplecanchange,theyhad

betterresponsestostress,inpartbecausetheyfeltliketheyhadtheresourcestodealwiththe

demandingsituation.Studentswhogotthegrowthmindsetintervention（干預(yù)）showed

less-contractedbloodvesselsandtheirheartspumpedmoreblood-bothofwhichcontributedto

moreoxygengettingtothebrain,and,ultimately,betterperformanceonthespeechandmental

mathtasks.

J）Thesefindingsleadtoseveralpossibilitiesthatweareinvestigatingfurther.First,weare

workingtorep/icafe（復(fù)制）thesefindingsinmorediverseschoolcommunities.Wewantto

knowinwhichtypesofschoolsandforwhichkindsofstudentsthesegrowthmindsetideas

helpyoungpeopleadapttothechallengesofhighschool.Wealsohopetolearnhowteachers,

parentsorschoolcounselorscanhelpstudentskeeptheirongoingacademicorsocial

difficultiesinperspective.Wewonderwhatwouldhappenifschoolshelpedtomakebeliefs

aboutthepotentialforchangeandimprovementalargerfeatureoftheoverallschoolculture,

especiallyforstudentsstartingtheninthgrade.

36.Thenumberofpeopleexperiencingdepressionshowsasharpincreaseinthefirstyearofhigh

school.

37.Accordingtoonestudy,students,academicperformanceisnottheonlydecisivefactoroftheir

stressresponses.

38.Researcherswouldliketoexplorefurtherhowparentsandschoolscanhelpninthgradersby

changingtheirmindset.

39.Accordingtoonestudy,eachhighschoolgraduatecontributesatleast500,000dollarstothe

localeconomy.

40.Inonestudy,studentsweretoldtheirsocialpositioninschoolisnotunchangeable.

41.Itisreportedthatdepressionresultsinenormouseconomiclossesworldwide.

42.Onestudyshowedthatfriendshipsamongninthgraderswerefarfromstable.

43.Morethanhalfofstudentswillfindtheiracademicperformancedecliningshaiplywhenthey

entertheninthgrade.

44.Researchersfoundthroughexperimentsthatstudentscouldbetaughttorespondtostressina

morepositiveway.

45.Itisbeneficialtoexplorewaystocopewiththechallengesfacingstudentsenteringhigh

school.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)fC)andD).Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Educatorsandbusinessleadershavemoreincommonthanitmayseem.Teacherswantto

preparestudentsforasuccessfulfuture.Technologycompanieshaveaninterestindevelopinga

workforcewiththeSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)skillsneededtogrowthe

companyandadvancetheindustry.Howcantheyworktogethertoachievethesegoals?Playmay

betheanswer.

FocusingonSTEMskillsisimportant,buttherealityisthatSTEMskillsareenhancedand

more

relevantwhencombinedwithtraditional,hands-oncreativeactivities.Thiscombinationis

provingtobethebestwaytopreparetoday'schildrentobethemakersandbuildersoftomorrow.

Thatiswhytechnologycompaniesarepartneringwitheducatorstobringbackgood,

old-fashionedplay.

Infactmanyexpertsarguethatthemostimportant21st-centuryskillsaren'trelatedtospecific

technologiesorsubjectmatter,buttocreativity;skillslikeimagination,problem-findingand

problem-solving,teamwork,optimism,patienceandtheabilitytoexperimentandtakerisks.

Theseareskillsacquiredwhenkids，欣er(鼓搗小玩意)。High-techindustriessuchasNASA'sJet

PropulsionLaboratoryhavefoundthattheirbestoverallproblemsolversweremastertinkerersin

theiryouth.

Thereare(認(rèn)矢口的)benefitsofdoingthingsthewaywedidaschildren-building

something,tearingitdown,thenbuildingitupagain.Researchshowsthatgiven15minutesof

freeplay,four-andfive-year-oldswillspendathirdofthistimeengagedinspatial,mathematical,

andarchitecturalactivities.Thistypeofplay-especiallywithbuildingblocks-helpschildren

discoveranddevelopkeyprinciplesinmathandgeometry.

Ifplayandbuildingarecriticalto21st-centuryskilldevelopment,that'sreallygoodnewsfbr

tworeasons:Childrenarebornbuilders,makers,andcreators,sofostering(培養(yǎng))21st-century

skillsmaybeassimpleasgivingkidsroomtoplay,tinkerandtrythingsout,evenastheygrow

older.Secondly,itdoesn'ttake21st-centurytechnologytofoster21st-centuryskills.Thisis

especiallyimportantforunder-resourcedschoolsandcommunities.Takingwhatevermaterialsare

handyandtinkeringwiththemisasimplewaytoengagethoseimportant“maker“skills.And

anyone,anywhere,candoit.

46.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouteducators?

A)Theyseekadvicefromtechnologycompaniestoachieveteachinggoals.

B)Theyhavebeensuccessfulinpreparingtheworkforceforcompanies.

C)Theyhelpstudentsacquiretheskillsneededfortheirfuturesuccess.

D)Theypartnerwithtechnologycompaniestoenhanceteachingefficiency.

47.Howcaneducatorsbetterdevelopstudents'STEMskills,accordingtotheauthor?

A)Byblendingthemwithtraditional,stimulatingactivities.

B)Byinvitingbusinessleaderstohelpdesigncurriculums.

C)Byenhancingstudents'abilitytothinkinacriticalway.

D)Byshowingstudentsthebestwaytolearnisthroughplay.

48.Howdochildrenacquiretheskillsneededforthe21stcentury?

A)Byengaginginactivitiesinvolvingspecifictechnologies.

B)Byplayingwiththingstosolveproblemsontheirown.

C)Byfamiliarizingthemselveswithhigh-techgadgets.

D)Bymasteringbasicprinciplesthroughteamwork.

49.Whatcanwedotohelpchildrenlearnthebasicsofmathandgeometry?

A)Stimulatetheirinterestasearlyaspossible.

B)Spendmoretimeplayinggameswiththem.

C)Encouragethemtomakethingswithhands.

D)Allowthemtotinkerfreelywithcalculators.

50.Whatdoestheauthoradvisedisadvantagedschoolsandcommunitiestodo?

A)Trainstudentstobemakerstomeetfuturemarketdemands.

B)Developstudents1creativeskillswiththeresourcesavailable.

C)Engagestudentswithchallengingtaskstofostertheircreativity.

D)Worktogetherwithcompaniestoimprovetheirteachingfacilities.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Beinganinformationtechnology,orIT,workerisnotajobIenvy.Theyaretheoneswho,

rightinthemiddleofacriticalmeeting,areexpectedtoinstantlyfixtheprojectorthat'snolonger

working.Theyhavetotoleratethebadtempersofcolleaguesfrustratedatthenumberoftimes

they'vehadtocallthehelpdeskforthesameissue.Theyarealsotheoneswhoknowthereare

systemsthataremorepowerful,reliableandfaster,buttheiremployersimplywillnotputupthe

fundstobuythem.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeeswhohaveajobreliantonITsupportconsiderITa

majorsourceofjobdissatisfaction.Throughnofaultoftheirown,theycansuddenlyfindtheir

productivitydeterioratingorqualitycontrolnon-existent.Andthere'slittletheycandoaboutit.

TheexperienceofusingITpenetratesalmosttheentireworkfield.Ithasbecomeacrucial

partofemployees'overallworkexperience.WhenITisoperatingasitshould,employee

self-confidenceswells.Theirjobsatisfaction,too,cansurgewhenwell-functioningmachines

relievethemofdulltasksorrepetitiveprocesses.Butifthere*sonethingthattriggerswidespread

employeefrustration,it'sanITtransformationprojectgonewrong,whereswollenexpectations

havebeenpoppedandalonglistofpromisedefficiencieshavebeenreversed.Thisoccurswhen

busi