滬科版七年級上數學知識點總結

滬科版七年級上數學知識點總結1滬科版七年級上數學知識點總結(一)2014年10月第一章:有理數一、有理數的意義1-1正數和負數1、為什么初中數學要引入負數,答:正數和負數是在實際需要中產生的，我們可以用正數和負數來表示相反意義的量。2、在生產和生活中，相反意義的量主要有哪些,請列舉:答:常見的有:(1)溫度高于0度記作“+”，低于0度記作“-”。(2)高度高于海平面記作“+”，低于海平面記作“-”。(3)高于正常水位記作“+”，低于正常水位記作“-”。(4)超過標準重量記作“+”，低于標準重量記作“-”。(5)儲蓄中存入為正，取installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel出為負。(6)收入為正，支出為負。(7)盈余為正，虧損為負。(8)上升為正，下降為負。(9)進為正，出為負。(10)增加為正，減少為負。(11)向東為正，向西為負。??3、你了解以下各種數的定義和范圍嗎,并舉例。正數:大于0的數，叫做正數。分為正整數和正分數。(a,0)負數:小于0的數，叫做負數。分為負整數和負分數。(a,0)0:既不是正數，也不是負數。整數:正整數、0、負整數統(tǒng)稱整數。分數:正分數、負分數統(tǒng)稱分數。有理數:整數和分數統(tǒng)稱有理數。有理數又分為正有理數、0、負有理數。非負數:通常又把0和正數稱為非負數。(a?0)非正數:0和負數稱為非正數。(a?0)4、有理數的兩種分類方法是什么,installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel1-2數軸、相反數和絕對值1-2-1數軸1、什么是數軸,你能畫好一條數軸嗎,答:規(guī)定了原點、正方向、和單位長度的直線。(所有的有理數都可以用數軸上的點表示。但數軸上的點并不是都表示有理數)。2、數軸的三要素是什么,數軸的三要素有什么規(guī)定,答:原點(任意、標0)、正方向(向右、箭頭)和單位長度(合適)。3、觀察數軸，回答下列問題。(1)有沒有最大的正數,(沒有)。有沒有最小的正數,(沒有)。有沒有最小的正整數,(有，是1)。(2)有沒有最小的負數,(沒有)。有沒有最大的負數,(沒有)。有沒有最大的負整數,(有，是-1)。installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel1-2-2相反數1、什么是相反數,答:只有符號不同的兩個數，我們說其中一個是另一個的相反數。這兩個數叫做互為相反數。規(guī)定:0的相反數是0。數a的相反數是-a。2、相反數的幾何意義是什么,答:在數軸上表示互為相反數的兩個點，位于原點的兩旁，且到原點的距離相等。3、什么數的相反數是它的本身,(是0)。什么數和它的相反數相等,(是0)。4、-a一定是負數嗎,為什么,答:不一定，因為:當a是正數時，-a是負數;當a是負數時，-a是正數;當a是0時，-a也是0。installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel5、3-5的相反數是什么,答:是-(3-5)或5-3。6、a-b的相反數是什么,答:是-(a-,)或,-,。7、a+b的相反數是什么,答:是-(a+b)。8、如果a、b是互為相反數，那么a+b=。1-2-3絕對值1、絕對值的定義是什么(即幾何意義),答:一個數a的絕對值，就是數軸上表示數a的點與原點的距離，記作|a|。根據絕對值的概念，可知絕對值是非負數(|a|?0)。互為相反數的兩個數的絕installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel對值相等。(因為它們到原點的距離相等)2、絕對值的代數意義是什么,答:(1)一個正數的絕對值是它本身。(2)一個負數的絕對值是它的相反數。(3)0的絕對值是0。3、一個數a的絕對值如何表示,(1)如果a,0，那么|a|=a;(2)如果a,0，那么|a|=-a;(3)如果a=0，那么|a|=0。4、兩個負數，絕對值大的反而小。5、絕對值最小的數是什么,(是,)。什么數的絕對值是它的本身,(正數和0)。什么數的絕對值是它的相反數,(負數)。installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel6、絕對值是,的數是，絕對值是,的數是。絕對值是-,的數有沒有,(沒有)。絕對值不大于,的數有多少,(無數個)。絕對值不大于,的整數有，正整數有，負整數有。根據上面的例子，我們可以看出:任意一個正數的絕對值，都有兩個——它們是互為相反數;沒有一個數的絕對值會等于負數。7、如果|,|,,.,,那么x=。|y-,|=6，y=。如果|-,|=|-5|，那么,=。滿足|,|?3的負整數有。8、如果|,-,|+|,-,|,,，那么,,，,,。1-3有理數的大小installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel1、數軸上數的大小有什么位置關系,答:在數軸上表示的兩個數，右邊的數總比左邊的數大。根據這點，我們可以利用數軸比較數的大小。正數都大于0，負數都小于0，正數大于一切負數。2、兩個負數比較大小，絕對值大的反而小。1-4有理數的加減1-4-1有理數的加法1、有理數加法法則的內容是什么,(1)同號兩數相加，取相同的符號，并把絕對值相加。(2)絕對值不相等的異號兩數相加，取絕對值較大的加數的符號，并用較大的絕對值減去較小的絕對值?；橄喾磾档膬蓚€installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.75,aftertheinstallationofsteeltube,compactedgravel數相加得0。(3)一個數同0相加，仍得這個數。2、加法交換律:兩個數相加，交換加數的位置，和不變。字母表達式是:a+b=b+a。3、加法結合律:三個數相加，先把前兩個數相加，或者先把后兩個數相加，和不變。字母表達式是:(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)。思考題:4、兩個正數相加，和一定為()，兩個負數相加，和一定為()。而正數和負數相加，和可能是(正數、負數或0)，為什么,5、如果a,0，b,0，那么a+b0。為什么,如果a,0，b,0，|a|,|b|，那么a+b0。如果a,0，b,0，|a|,|b|，那么a+b0。installationpartmainincludingYunnanprovincetengchongCountyyongxingRiverprimaryandsecondaryhydropowerstationintheofpressurepipeandthepowerstationmetalstructure,whichlevelpowerstationpressurepipetotalabout562t(containingannex);IIlevelpowerstationpressurepipeabout733t(containingannex);levelpowerstationmetalstructureabout52.5t,containingdischargeGate2hole,rushedsandGate1hole,watermouthworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole,Qianpoolworkdoorandthestoppeddirtgatethe1hole;Secondarypowerstationmetaljunctionatabout19.5t,containingsandGate1hole,waterinletwatergateandtrashthe1hole;theirauxiliaryhoistequipmentandelectricalequipment.Concretepressurepipe,gate,trashandhoistingdeviceprojectpropertylist1-1~1-3.Table1-1themaincharacteristicsofthepenstocknumberitemparametertypecontrollersizeheadalongpipediameterpipelength11hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.3M931m0.8M8.3*2m22hydropowerstationpenstockopen-airexposedpipe,singlepipejointwatersupply1.4m1063.506m0.8M10*2mtable1-2hydropowerstationMaincharacteristicsofhydraulicmetalstructurenumberprojectnamegate,trashrack,door(gate...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineeringprofileyongxingriverlevelhydropowerstationpressurepipepipelineplaneShangalongRidgeislinelayout,andslopesurfacecontourclosevertical,GuanPowithoriginalgroundlinechanges,usedopentypeMingtube,singletubejointwaterway,competentdiameter1.3M,long931.00m,tworootnon-symmetric"Bu"typesupporttube,diameter0.8M,singlerootlong8.3M.Competenttoestablish12townPier,107buttress,telescopicsection11.SupportPierspacing8M,side-slidingbearing.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,basesurfaceintobedrock,pipeexcavationslope1:0.75withM5groutedrubbleslopeprotection,0.3M,bottomsidesewer,0.25mwide,deep0.3m,M5groutedrubblemasonry,setmaintenancestepladderontheleftside,1.0Mwide.Yongxinghe-?hydropowerstationpenstockpipesarrangedalongtheridgelineontheplane,andnearlyverticalslopecontourlines,GuanPochangeswiththeoriginalgroundline,withshallowbackfill-pipe,single-pipewatersupply,thecompetent1.4m,long1063.506m,twoasymmetric"y"pipe,diameter0.8M,single10m.Competenttoestablish12townPier,8expansionjoint.Townpierfortheclosed-endstructureofgravity,placedonsoftrockbasesurface,pipeconcreteC20onapedestal.Pipetrenchexcavationslope1:0.7