Unit1ThemassmediaGrammarandusage課件高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性

Grammarandusage(Ⅰ)PastPerfectTense漢壽二中

王

霞

Unit1

ThemassmediaToexploretherulesofpastperfecttense.Toworkouttherules.Toapplytherules.1.Doyouremembertheformofthepastperfecttense?Step1PreparationS+had(not)+V-ed+其它成分Had+S+V-ed+其它成分?

特殊疑問詞+had+S+V-ed+其它成分?2.課文原句呈現(xiàn)1）Bythistime,thefirehadextendedtothe

15thfloor.2）Thereisconcernthattheconstruction

companythatbuiltthetowerblockhad

notfollowedfiresafetyrules.Step2PresentationActivity1:ExploringtherulesReadthetheshortlifestoryofJosephPulitzerinPartAonpage6,andfindthesentencesthatusethepastperfecttense.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.FindthesentencesusingthepastperfecttenseinpartA.1.HeregularlyvisitedthelibraryandstudiedEnglishandLaw－bythenhe

hadlearntverylittleEnglish.(Para.1L4)2....bytheageof25,hehadbecome

apublisher.(Para.2L1-2)

3.Heusedthesamebusinessstrategyhehademployed...(Para.2L6-7)Activity2:ScanpartAonpage6andcompletetheTrueorFalseexercise.1.HeregularlyvisitedthelibraryandstudiedEnglishandLaw－bythenhehadlearntverylittleFrench.()2.Bytheageof25,hehadbecomeateacher.()3.Heusedthesamebusinessstrategyhehademployedatthe

StLouisPost-Dispatchandsalesofthenewspapermountedupuntilitwasthebestsellingnewspaperinthecountry.()FEnglishFpublisherT1.WhenandwherewasJosephPulitzerborn?2.WhendidJosephPulitzerfoundthenewspapertheStLouisPost-Dispatch?

3.In1892,whatdidheofferColumbiaUniversitymoneytostart?4.WhenwerethefirstPulitzerPrizeswereawarded?Activity3:Readagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhenandwherewasJosephPulitzerborn?JosephPulitzerwasbornonApril10,1847,inHungary.2.WhendidJosephPulitzerfoundthenewspapertheStLouisPost-Dispatch?In1878.3.In1892,whatdidheofferColumbiaUniversitymoneytostart?HeofferedColumbiaUniversitymoneytostartaschoolofjournalism.4.WhenwerethefirstPulitzerPrizeswereawarded?SixyearsafterJosephPulitzer’sdeath.?Weoftenusethepastperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthathappened(1)_________(before/after)apastactionorstate.?Theverbformofthepastperfecttenseis

“(2)___________

(have/haddone)”.beforehaddoneWorkingouttherulesworktirelesslyaccusesb.ofsth.shootupmountupadvocatethetrainingofregard...asanobleprofessionofunequaledimportanceinfluenceonthemindsandmoralsUsefulExpressions不知疲倦地工作因...而控告...暴漲；迅速成長增長，上升提倡對...的培訓(xùn)把…當(dāng)成高尚的職業(yè)無與倫比的重要性對思想和道德的影響Gothroughthenotesonpage98.Workingouttherules1過去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。如：我醒來時(shí)，雨已經(jīng)停了。WhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.

Practice:1)He_________

(try)hisbestalthoughhefailed.Jimsaidthathe___________(learn)

someChinesebefore.Step3Progress過去完成時(shí)的主要用法：

hadtriedhadlearned2過去完成時(shí)有時(shí)用來表示沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、意圖、諾言等，常用hadhoped/planned/meant/intended/wanted等或用上述詞的過去式接tohavedone。如：1)Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusythen.=Imeanttohavehelpedyou,butIwastoobusythen.2)Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butsomeonecametoseeme.=I_____________________youyesterday,butsomeonecametoseeme.intendedtohavecalled3過去完成時(shí)可以用于hardly…when或nosooner…than等結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一……就……”。如：Ihadhardlyenteredtheclassroomwhenthebellrang.Hardlyhadthespokesmanfinishedhistalkwhensomeonerosetoaskhimquestions.4過去完成時(shí)常有by,when等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語作為標(biāo)志。如：Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbytheendoflastweek.HehadlearntEnglishfortenyearswhenhegraduatedfromhighschool.6常用于以下固定句型：It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...time+that從句，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞常用過去完成時(shí)；Itwas+一段時(shí)間+since從句，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞常用過去完成時(shí)，如：Itwasthethirdtimethathehadmentionedhismotherinhisspeech.

Itwas3monthssinceIhadcomebackfromabroad.Fillintheblankswithproperandcorrectformsoftheverbs.1.He___________(try)hisbestalthoughhefailedagain.2.Bythetime,Tom_____________(found)hisownbusiness.3.Thetrain__________(leave)beforeIgottothestation.4.I_________________(learn)EnglishforsevenyearswhenIgraduatedfromhighschool.hadtriedhadfoundedhadlefthadlearned/learntPractice5.Julie___________(finish)cleaningthehousebytheendoflastweekend.6.Rowlingbegantowriteareviewaftershe_____________(watch)themovie.7.Shesaidshe_________(see)theheadmasteralready.8.Nosooner_____we_____(go)outthanitrained.hadfinishedhadwatchedhadseenhadgoneFillintheblankswithproperandcorrectformsoftheverbs.Puttheverbsintothecorrectform.1.Thestormdestroyedthesandcastlethatwe(build)__________.2.He(not/be)_______________toCapeTownbefore1997.3.Whenshewentouttoplay,she(do/already)________________herhomework.4.Mybrotherateallofthecakethatourmum(make)____________.5.Thedoctortookofftheplasterthathe(puton)_____________sixweeksbefore.6.ThewaiterbroughtadrinkthatI(not/order)________________.hadbuilthadnotbeenhadalreadydonehadmadehadputonhadnotordered用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)完成下面短文。Acowandafoxwentouttosearchforfoodtogether.They1.________(go)onlyafewmilesbeforetheysawalioncomingtheirway.Theywerebothveryfrightened.Thefoxthoughtofawayofsavinghisownlife,andwentuptothelionandsaidinhisear,“I2.________(help)yougetholdofth