湖南省衡陽市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題

高三英語考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomanlikelytodofirst?A.Eatsomethingsweet. B.Attendameeting. C.Checkherbloodsugarlevels.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Daniel,Ifeelsodizzy.M:Didyoueatbreakfast?Dizzinesscouldbethebody’ssignalthatlevelsofbloodsugararetoolow.W:No.MaybeIshouldhaveapieceofcandybeforethestaffmeeting.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherewillthewomaneatbreakfast?A.Attheschoolcafe. B.Atthelibrary. C.Athome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtomakebreakfastforus.Doyouwanttoeatapancakeorbeefburger?W:Thanks,Dad.ButI’minahurry.Ihavetomeetmyfriendatthelibraryinanhour.I’llgetaquickbreakfastattheschoolcafe.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lookoutside.I’veneverseensuchsunnyweatherforalongtime.W:Iknow.Itrainedforweeksaftersomewindydays.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetown?A.Quiet. B.Inconvenient. C.Pleasant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howisithere?Isthisaniceplacetolive?M:Oh,I’mreallygladthatwemovedtothistown.Theairisfreshandthepeopleareveryfriendly.Also,it’sclosetothesea,soIcanhaveagreatviewofnature.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpayforadozenredrosesnow?A.15dollars. B.17dollars. C.20dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Oh,somanykindsofroses.Howmucharetheredones?W:Wealwayssellthemat20dollarsadozen,butnowIcangiveyoua15percentdiscount.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthehouse?A.Itsgarden. B.Itsfurniture. C.Itslocation.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Growsomeflowers. B.Visitanotherhouse. C.Pickupthechildren.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Ithinkthishousewillmeetallyourneeds,Mr.Johnson.M:Wow,thesizeofthehouseisjustwhatIwant.AndIreallylikethebigsofa.W:Great.Thewoodenfloorissuitableforyourchildren.M:Yes.Butthegardenistoosmall.Iwantabiggarden,whereIcangrowmanyflowers.W:Alright,Mr.Johnson.Thismaynotbetheperfecthouseforyou.Butthat’sokay.I’vegotmorehousestoshowyou.M:That’sgoodtohear.Let’sgo.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inanoffice. C.Athome.9.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Decorateahouse. B.Gotoaparty. C.Makeavacationplan.10.Whoisthewomanspeakergoingtocallthisevening?A.Jane. B.Betty’shusband. C.Betty.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Joe.M:Hi,Diane.It’sraretoseeyouhere.W:Iusuallycookandbringmylunchtotheoffice.Icamehereforachangetoday.M:Theenvironmenthereisgood,right?W:Yeah,it’scleanandquiet.Bytheway,willyougotoJane’shousewarmingparty?M:Yes.Andyou?W:I’llgothere,too.AndIpromisedJanethatIwouldarriveearlytomorroweveningtohelpherdecoratethehouse.Butwe’restillshorthanded.M:Oh,I’dlovetohelpyou,butIcan’tgetthereinadvance.MaybeBettycangiveyouahand.Sheandherhusbandjustcamebackfromvacation.Andtheywereinvitedtotheparty,too.W:Okay.I’llgiveheracallthisevening.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whichcitywillthemanvisitnextweek?A.CapeTown. B.Pretoria. C.Bloemfontein.12.Whathasthemanalwaysexpectedtodo?A.ClimbTableMountain. B.WatchAfricanpenguins. C.CrosstheAtlanticOcean.13.HowlongwillthemanstayinSouthAfrica?A.Twodays. B.Threedays. C.Fourdays.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingonatripnextweek.W:Whereareyougoing?M:I’vebeentoPretoriaandBloemfontein,twoofthreecapitalcitiesinSouthAfrica.I’mgoingtoCapeTown,theothercapitalcitythistime.W:Whichplaceareyougoingtovisitthere?M:I’llvisitTableMountain.ItisCapeTown’stopattractionforvisitors.ThenI’lldrivealongChapman’sPeakDrivefortheviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.W:Cool!Anythingelse?M:I’llalsovisitBouldersCoastalPark,whichisknownforitsAfricanpenguins.I’vealwaysdreamedofseeingthemwithmyowneyes.W:That’sreallyamazing!HowlongareyougoingtostayinCapeTown?M:I’llstaythereforthreedays.AfterthatI’llspendonedaytouringDurban,aneasterncityinSouthAfrica.W:Haveanicetrip!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Concerned. B.Unhappy. C.Amazed.15.WhatdoesthewomansuggestBilldo?A.Apologizeforhismistake.B.Workinanotherindustry.C.Enrichhisknowledgefirst.16.Whatdidthewomanmajorin?A.Education. B.Economics. C.puterscience.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Professorandstudent. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Friends.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Bill,longtimenosee!Youlookunhappy.What’sup?M:Myleadercriticizedmeforamistaketoday.IwonderifI’mfitforthejob.W:Ifyouquit,alltheeffortsyoumadetoapplyforthejobwillbeinvain.Cheerup.Youknowtheputerindustrygrowsveryfast.It’shardtomakeagreatachievementinashorttime.Whydon’tyouenrichyourknowledgeatpresent?M:Youcansaythatagain.MaybeIcansignupforsomerelatedcourses.W:Oh,Iknowatutoringcenterthatoffersflexiblecourses.Itookaneducationalcoursetherelastyear.Theteachersthereareverycapable.M:Hmm,IrememberthatyoumajoredinEconomics.Whydidyoutakethecourse?W:BecauseIwanttobeamathteacher.M:Isee.Canyoutellmetheaddress?Icangotheretomorrow.W:Ofcourse.AndIhavethephonenumber.Youcancallfirst.M:That’sgreat.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Howmanykidswerethereintheresearch?A.10. B.14. C.400.19.Howlongdomostkidsspendonthescreeneverydayinthisstudy?A.Lessthan3hours. B.About5hours. C.Morethan6hours.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestintheend?A.Studentsshouldreducetheirtimeonthescreen.B.Parentsshouldn’tbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.C.Parentsshouldmunicatewiththeirchildrenmorefrequently.【答案】18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,itisScienceCharm.I’mRosy.Manyparentsareworriedthattheirchildrenspendtoomuchtimeonthescreen,suchaswatchingTVandplayingwiththemobilephone,whichwilldoharmtotheirmentalhealth.Butanewstudyshowstheopposite.Aprofessorofpsychologicalsciencetellsusthatifparentsturnoffthemediawhichchildrenusetoconnectwithfriendsandsearchforinformation,itwillleadtoaworseconsequence.Theprofessorandhiscolleaguedidresearchon400studentsaged10to14abouttheirscreenbehaviors.Theyfoundthatmostkidsspendabout5hoursonthescreeneveryday.Butthereisnoconnectionbetweentheamountoftimeonthescreenandmentalhealth.Instead,childrenwhosendmoretextmessageshavebettermentalhealth.Thisisasmallassociation,butitreflectsifwestayconnectedonline,wealsohavegoodconnectionsoffline.Actually,kidshavedepressionduetosomethingotherthanthetimetheyspendonline.Wearesobusywithourstudyandworkthatwehavenotimetoexchangeideas.Wehopeparentswillspendlesstimeworryingaboutmobilephonesandmoretimetalkingtoyourchildren.Itisthebestwaytohavementalhealth.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWritingpetitionsforHighSchoolStudentsin2024OceanAwarenessWritingContestOceanAwarenessWritingContestprovidesaplatformforyoungpeopletounderstandenvironmentalissuesthroughartisticcreationandcreativethoughts,exploretheirrelationshipwiththechangingworld,andbeeadvocatesofpositivechange.petitiontime:ThedeadlineforsubmissionisJune10,2024.StudentscanuploadtheirsubmissionsstartingfromDecember24,2023.Suitableforstudents:Thecontestisaninternationalpetition,whichisopentoanystudentaged11—18inmiddleorhighschool.·JuniorDivision:11—14yearsold·SeniorDivision:15—18yearsoldYoungAuthorsWritingpetitionYoungAuthorsWritingpetitionissponsoredbytheEnglishandCreativeWritingDepartmentatColumbiaCollegeChicago.Thepetitionhasgrownintoayearlyinternationalcontestofhighschoolwriters.Youmayenteruptotwoworks(inseparatefiles)ineitherofthecategories:CreativeNonfictionandCreativeFiction.InthePoetrycategory,youmayenteruptotwofiles,buteachcanhave1—5poems.petitiontime:ThedeadlineisJuly31,2024.Suitableforstudents:Opentostudentsingrades9—12worldwideLeonardL.Milberg’53HighSchoolPoetryPrizeLeonardL.Milberg’53HighSchoolPoetryPrizerecognizesoutstandingworksbystudentwritersinthe11thgradeintheU.S.orabroad.ContestjudgesarepoetsonthePrincetonUniversityCreativeWritingfaculty.petitiondate:March26,2024Suitableforstudents:Studentsinthe11thgradeintheU.S.oraroundtheworldTheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContestTheNewYorkTimesinvitesstudentstoplaycriticsandwriteanoriginalreviewfortheirNewYorkTimesStudentReviewContest.StudentscanreviewanythingthatfitsintoacategoryofcreativeexpressionthatTheNewYorkTimescovers—fromarchitecturetomusic.petitiondate:April6,2024Suitableforstudents:Studentsages11—19anywhereintheworldattendingmiddleorhighschoolcanparticipate.21.HowmanycategoriesareincludedinYoungAuthorsWritingpetition?A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.22.Inwhichpetitionareparticipantsgroupedbyage?AOceanAwarenessWritingContest.B.YoungAuthorsWritingpetition.C.LeonardL.Milberg’53HighSchoolPoetryPrize.D.TheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContest.23.Whatdothefourwritingpetitionshaveinmon?A.Theyareinternationalcontests. B.Theyareorganizedbycolleges.C.Theyareintendedforallstudents. D.Theyareopentodifferentcategoriesofworks.【答案】21.B22.A23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是2024年四個高中學(xué)生寫作比賽的相關(guān)情況。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YoungAuthorsWritingpetition部分的“Youmayenteruptotwoworks(inseparatefiles)ineitherofthecategories:CreativeNonfictionandCreativeFiction.(最多可以在兩個類別中輸入兩個作品（在單獨的文件中）：CreativeNonfiction和CreativeFiction。)”可知，YoungAuthorsWritingpetition里有兩個類別，故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OceanAwarenessWritingContest部分的“·JuniorDivision:11—14yearsold·SeniorDivision:15—18yearsold(·少年組：1114歲·高級組：1518歲)”可知，OceanAwarenessWritingContest的參加者要按年齡分組，故選A。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OceanAwarenessWritingContest部分的“Thecontestisaninternationalpetition(本次比賽是一項國際競賽)”，YoungAuthorsWritingpetition部分的“Thepetitionhasgrownintoayearlyinternationalcontestofhighschoolwriters.(該比賽已發(fā)展成為一年一度的國際高中作家比賽。)”，LeonardL.Milberg’53HighSchoolPoetryPrize部分的“Suitableforstudents:Studentsinthe11thgradeintheU.S.oraroundtheworld(適合學(xué)生：美國或世界各地的11年級學(xué)生)”和TheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContest部分的“Suitableforstudents:Studentsages11—19anywhereintheworldattendingmiddleorhighschoolcanparticipate.(適合學(xué)生：世界各地1119歲的初高中學(xué)生均可參加。)”可知，這四個寫作比賽的共同之處是它們是國際性的比賽。故選A。BOmarVazquezgrewupinpovertyonMexico’sYucatanpeninsula.Hewatchedhissinglemotherstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.Whenaninvasive(入侵的)seaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico’sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.Sargassumisnotdangerous,butithasanunpleasantsmellandcanbeesothickthatitkeepspeoplefromenteringthewater.Mexicohasexperiencedrecordsettingamountsoftheseaweedinrecentyears,andithasmadeitswaytoFlorida’sbeachesaswell.Expertssaytherecouldbeasmuchas100tonsofsargassumblockingMexicanshorelinesin2023.Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewereeagertoremovetheseaweed,butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.Theprofessionalgardenerorganizedabeachcleanupthatprovidedjobsforabout300localfamilies,butheknewtherewasmoretodo.Sincepeople’sattitudetowardstheseaweedremindedhimofhisownlifeexperiences,hedecidedtobeeanagent(推動者)forchange.Whensargassumstartedarriving,everyonewasplaining.“Iwantedtomakesomethinggoodoutofsomethingeveryonesawasbad,”O(jiān)marexplained.In2018,OmarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathecallsSargablock.Hecreatestheseblocksbymixing40%sargassumwithothermaterialslikeclay,thenputtingtheminablockformingmachineandbakingtheminthesunfordays.Theendresultisanorganic,sustainable,andecologicallyfriendlybuildingmaterialthatexpertssaycouldlastfor120years.Todate,Omar’spany,BluegreenMexico,hasused700tonsofsargassumtobuildlowinehousingforthoseinneed.Omarsaidhewouldtakeonmoreprojects,anddonatemorehousestosinglemotherslikehisownmom.24.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph1?A.Omar’sfamilyoftenassistedpeopleinneed.B.SargassumoriginatedontheCaribbeanbeaches.C.Omar’sexperienceinchildhoodhasinfluencedhimmuch.D.Omarhasmetalotofgenerouspeoplesincehewasyoung.25.Howdidmostpeoplereacttotheincreasingsargassum?A.Theydidn’ttakeitseriously. B.Theywereanxioustoclearitup.C.Theyvieweditasnewmaterials. D.Theywereexcitedtoseeagrandscene.26.WhichwordscanbestdescribeOmar?A.Honestandambitious. B.Strongwilledandconfident.C.Quickthinkingandhumorous. D.Sympatheticandinnovative.27.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusthroughOmar’ssuccess?A.It’snevertoooldtolearn. B.Loveshineseverydarkcorner.C.Solutionscanbeobtainedfromproblems. D.Heroesarisefromhumblebeginnings.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻對當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳町a(chǎn)生了不好的影響，奧馬爾·巴斯克斯確看到了這種海藻的潛力，在幫助清理海藻的同時，決定把所有人都認為不好的東西變成好東西，最終的結(jié)果是一種有機的、可持續(xù)的、生態(tài)友好的建筑材料誕生了并建立了公司，為有需要的人建造了低收入住房?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hewatchedhissinglemotherstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.WhenaninvasiveseaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico’sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.(他看到他的單身母親掙扎著養(yǎng)家糊口，今天的記憶激勵他去幫助那些需要幫助的人。當(dāng)一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻出現(xiàn)在墨西哥的加勒比海海灘上時，奧馬爾看到了一個幫助別人的機會)”可知，奧馬爾的童年經(jīng)歷對他影響很大。故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewereeagertoremovetheseaweed,butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.(由于旅游業(yè)收入面臨風(fēng)險，官員和當(dāng)?shù)厝硕技庇谇宄Ｔ澹挥袏W馬爾看到了它的真正潛力)”可知，他們急于清除日益增多的馬尾藻。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenaninvasive(入侵的)seaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico’sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.(當(dāng)一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻出現(xiàn)在墨西哥的加勒比海海灘上時，奧馬爾看到了一個幫助別人的機會)”、第三段“Sincepeople’sattitudetowardstheseaweedremindedhimofhisownlifeexperiences,hedecidedtobeeanagent(推動者)forchange.(由于人們對海藻的態(tài)度讓他想起了自己的生活經(jīng)歷，他決定成為一名變革的推動者)”和文章第五段“In2018,OmarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathecallsSargablock.Hecreatestheseblocksbymixing40%sargassumwithothermaterialslikeclay,thenputtingtheminablockformingmachineandbakingtheminthesunfordays.Theendresultisanorganic,sustainable,andecologicallyfriendlybuildingmaterialthatexpertssaycouldlastfor120years.(2018年，奧馬爾找到了一種方法，把馬尾藻變成了他稱之為“Sargablock”的積木。他將40%的馬尾藻和粘土等其他材料混合在一起，然后把它們放在積木機里，在太陽下烤上幾天，就能制作出這些積木。最終的結(jié)果是一種有機的、可持續(xù)的、生態(tài)友好的建筑材料，專家說這種材料可以使用120年)”可知，奧馬爾積極幫助別人并且將馬尾藻變成了環(huán)保的材料。由此推知，奧馬爾是富有同情心的和有創(chuàng)新精神的人。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要講述了一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻對當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳町a(chǎn)生了不好的影響，奧馬爾·巴斯克斯確看到了這種海藻的潛力，在幫助清理海藻的同時，決定把所有人都認為不好的東西變成好東西，最終的結(jié)果是一種有機的、可持續(xù)的、生態(tài)友好的建筑材料誕生了并建立了公司，為有需要的人建造了低收入住房。由此推知，作者想要通過奧馬爾的成功告訴我們解決方案可以從問題中獲得。故選C。CWithartificialintelligence(AI)androbotictechnologyimprovingatimpressiverates,therearesomewhoworrythatthere’sariskofartisticandcreativepeoplebeingreplaced.AnewstudybytheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology,however,isshowingexactlywhythatcan’tandshouldn’thappen.ItallstartedwhentheSouthKoreanpanyposedthisquestion:Canrobotsreplaceconductors?Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自動化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn’tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthepanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.Itwasfinallytimetofigureouthowitcouldfollowthroughonitsmusicalrole.“Wegotinvolvedinthisprojecttoseehowfarrobotscangoinmorecreativefieldslikethearts,andwhatthechallengesare,”DongwookLee,aseniorresearcherattheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnologysaid.Inordertopullthisoff,DongwookLeecooperatedwiththeBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.The12minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,“Feel”byIlhoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,SooyeolChoi,inmind.Topulloffthisimpressiveperformance,therobotwaspreprogrammedtoconductthrough30cyclesofbeatpatterns.Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即興的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.Together,theypulledoffamasterfulperformancethattheaudienceseemedmorethanhappytohavehadtheopportunitytowitnessitfirsthand!Withtheconcerthavinggonesowell,thisisonlythestartofEverR6.Still,nomattertheimprovementsthey’reabletomaketothisAndroidrobot,thehumanconductorisn’tconcernedaboutbeingreplaced.“Let’sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,”SooyeolChoisaid,“butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor.”28.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThefunctionoftheEverR6robot.B.ThedevelopmentoftheEverR6robot.C.TheEverR6robot’sroleasaconductor.D.ThedifficultyindesigningtheEverR6robot.29.Whatcanbelearnedabout“Feel”?A.Itisapiecefamiliartotheaudience.B.Itisapieceshowingthehumanrobotcooperation.CItistheonlypiecethatEverR6willperform.D.Itisapiecerequiringgreatabilitytoconduct.30.WhatroledidSooyeolChoiplayintheperformance?A.Hecorrectedtherobot’smistakes.B.HeprogrammedtheEverR6robot.C.Heledtheimprovisationalsectionoftheperformance.D.HewasthemainconductoroftheBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.31.WhatisSooyeolChoi’sattitudetowardsEverR6?A.Unclear. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了隨著人工智能(AI)和機器人技術(shù)以驚人的速度發(fā)展，一些人擔(dān)心藝術(shù)和創(chuàng)意人才有被取代的風(fēng)險。然而，韓國工業(yè)技術(shù)研究所(KoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology)的一項新研究恰恰說明了為什么這不能也不應(yīng)該發(fā)生?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自動化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn’tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthepanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.(一年多以前，開發(fā)自動化的工作開始了。起初，它被設(shè)計得像一臺機器，并沒有達到人們的期望。然后，該公司尋求改進方法。最后，它被賦予了兩條帶有關(guān)節(jié)的手臂來模仿手腕和肘部，使它能夠像人類指揮一樣移動一根棍子。它被命名為EverR6機器人，身高1.8米)”可知，第二段主要講述了EverR6機器人的研發(fā)過程。故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“The12minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,“Feel”byIlhoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,SooyeolChoi,inmind.(他們計劃演奏的12分鐘的曲目是孫一勛的《Feel》，這是專門為此次活動制作的。這首歌是在考慮到EverR6和人類指揮家崔秀烈(SooyeolChoi)的長處后創(chuàng)作的)”可推知，“Feel”是一個展示人機合作的作品。故選B?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即興的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.(與此同時，由人類指揮來帶領(lǐng)樂隊創(chuàng)作即興樂譜，為原本計劃好的作品增加深度)”可知，他在表演中指揮演出的即興部分。故選C。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Let’sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,”SooyeolChoisaid,“butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor.”(“讓我們把精確度留給機器人吧，”崔秀烈(SooyeolChoi)說，“而把音樂和藝術(shù)方面的工作留給人類指揮?！?”可推知，SooyeolChoi對這個機器人持支持的態(tài)度。故選C。D“Whatbeautifulmusic!”Ishoutloudlyasmy9yearoldsonpracticesplayingtheviolin.He’susedtothispraise;Igiverewardslikethatmostdays.Buteveryonceinawhile,Iskipit,andwhenIdo,Icanseethedisappointmentonhisfacewhenhe’sfinished.AmIabadmom?Conventionalwisdomsaysthatconsistencyiskeytoparentingsinceitenablesyourchildtopredicthowyou’llreact,leadingtogoodbehavior.Andit’struethatchildrenneedsomelevelofpredictabilityintheirlives,particularlywhenitestodiscipline.Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.Inoneexperiment,mycolleaguesandItoldparticipantsthey’dbepaidiftheycoulddrinkaboutoneandahalfquartsofwaterintwominutesorless.Inonecondition,weofferedpeoplea$2fixedreward.Inanother,therewasanuncertainrewardofeither$2or$1.Thecertainrewardwasabetterdeal,yetmanymorepeoplesuccessfullymetthechallengewhenassignedanuncertainreward.Resolvingtheuncertainty—whethertheywouldwin$1or$2—wassignificantlymoremotivatingthanwinning$2forsure.Hereisoneofthereasonswhyuncertaintyismotivating.Whatscientistscall“intermittent(間歇性)reinforcement”—rewardingbehavioronsomebutnotalloccasions—makesitmorearduoustoknowwhenrewardswillshowup.Ifyouveryoften,butdon’talways,praiseyourchildforpletingtheirchores,they’llkeepupthegoodbehaviorinthehopeofreceivingpraisethenexttime.Sodon’tassumethatifkidsarealwayspraisedforfinishingtheirhomework,they’llbemorelikelytodoit.Dopraiseyoungpeopleforajobwelldone,justnoteverytime.Andpickrewardsoutofahatwhentheypletechores—thesurpriseprizemightkeepeveryonemotivatedtogetthingsdone.32.Whydoestheauthormentionherkid’sstoryinthefirstparagraph?A.Todisplaytheconclusionofherresearch.B.Toshowthatherkidisverysmart.C.Toexplainthatsheisagoodmom.D.Toleadinthetopic.33.Whydidmoreparticipantschooseanuncertainrewardintheexperiment?A.Itwasmoreinspiring. B.Itwasmoredemanding.C.Itwasfairtoallparticipants. D.Itwaseasytogetmorerewards.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”inparagraph5mean?A.Convenient. B.Popular. C.Flexible. D.Difficult.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyConsistencyIsCriticaltoParentingB.WhyResolvingUncertaintyIsRewardingC.HowInconsistentPraiseAffectsMotivationD.HowParents’BehaviorsAffectTheirChildren【答案】32.D33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講是研究表明，不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。雖然我們都喜歡生活在一個可預(yù)測的世界里，但我們往往對不可預(yù)測的獎勵反應(yīng)更強烈，文章分析了原因?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Igiverewardslikethatmostdays.Buteveryonceinawhile,Iskipit,andwhenIdo,Icanseethedisappointmentonhisfacewhenhe’sfinished.(我大多數(shù)時候都是這么獎勵的。但每隔一段時間，我就跳過，當(dāng)我跳過的時候，我能看到他讀完后臉上的失望。)”和第三段“Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.(但研究表明，不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。雖然我們都喜歡生活在一個可預(yù)測的世界里，但我們往往對不可預(yù)測的獎勵反應(yīng)更強烈。)”可知，第一段的故事引出了本文的主題，即不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Resolvingtheuncertainty—whethertheywouldwin$1or$2—wassignificantlymoremotivatingthanwinning$2forsure.(決定選不確定性——他們會贏得1美元還是2美元——比肯定贏得2美元更有動力。)”可知，更多的參與者在實驗中選擇不確定的獎勵是因為它更鼓舞人心。故選A?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“rewardingbehavioronsomebutnotalloccasions(在某些情況下獎勵行為，但不是所有情況)”可知，只在某些情況下才獎勵行為，所以要知道獎勵何時出現(xiàn)會變得更困難，劃線詞arduous的意思是“困難的”，和difficult意思相近。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第三段“Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.(但研究表明，不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。雖然我們都喜歡生活在一個可預(yù)測的世界里，但我們往往對不可預(yù)測的獎勵反應(yīng)更強烈。)”可知，本文主要講的是不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響，并解釋了原因，因此本文最好的標題是C選項“HowInconsistentPraiseAffectsMotivation(不一致的表揚如何影響動機)”，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Cheerfulnessisapowerfulwaytodealwithaworldthatwillalwaysbetoughandunjustinonewayoranother.Itisasignofstrengthinthefaceofdifficulties.Differentfromfear,joy,oranger,cheerfulnessisn’tsomethingthatoveresyou.____36____Assuch,youcanincludeitintoyourlifeonceyoumaketherightmentalswitch.Herearefourwaystodoso.◎Acknowledgethedifficulties.Cheerfulnessisanhonestemotionbecauseyou’renothidingfromreality.____37____Instead,it’sextremelyimportanttobehonestwithyourselfabouttheproblemsyou’refacing.Onlybyfirstacknowledgingthatthingsaretoughwillyoubeabletofindwaystocope.◎Don’tfocusonthenegative.Whetherinyourpersonallifeorinsociety,it’seasytofocusonwhat’sgoingwrong.Butwhateveryoufocuson,itgrows.Ifyoudecidetofocusonwhat’sgoingwrong,thoseproblemswillgrowinyourminduntiltheyconsumeyou.____38____◎Begratefulforwhatyouhave.____39____Usually,they’rethethingswetakeforgranteduntilthey’renolongerthere,suchasgoodhealth,alovingfamily,orevensomethingassimpleasabeautifulsunrise.Beinggratefulwillshiftyourperspectiveandmakeiteasiertoseethesilverliningsofyourproblems.◎____40____Nocheerfulnesswithoutlaughter.Soyoucanwatchedies,browsememes,orjokearoundwithfriends.Laughterstrengthensyourimmunesystem,boostsyourmood,makesyoufeellesspain,andprotectsyoufromstress.Laughteriscathartic(精神宣泄的)andinfectious.Laughandbrightentheroom.A.Findyoursenseofhumor.B.Dealwithdifficultiesseriously.C.Focusonthegoodthingsyouhave.D.Toalargedegree,cheerfulnessisachoice.E.You’renotcoveringyoureyesandlookingaway.F.Acknowledgetheproblems,butdon’tgivethemtoomuchattention.G.Beingcheerfulwillmakeyouseetheworldandyourownlifeinadifferentway.【答案】36.D37.E38.F39.C40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一