2024年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞講義

語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)總覽及物動(dòng)詞—可直接接賓語(yǔ)例reachschool按能否直接實(shí)義接賓語(yǔ)分類(lèi)不及物動(dòng)詞一不可直接接賓語(yǔ)例arriveatschool動(dòng)詞例workfor8hours,liveinBeijingfor10years按是否可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞持續(xù)分類(lèi)例buyabook,openthedoor非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞例be(am,語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)總覽及物動(dòng)詞—可直接接賓語(yǔ)例reachschool按能否直接實(shí)義接賓語(yǔ)分類(lèi)不及物動(dòng)詞一不可直接接賓語(yǔ)例arriveatschool動(dòng)詞例workfor8hours,liveinBeijingfor10years按是否可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞持續(xù)分類(lèi)例buyabook,openthedoor非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞例be(am,is,are,was,were)例seem,appear表象系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞系持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞例keep,stay,remain動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)變化系動(dòng)詞例get,bee,turn,go例feel,sound,look,taste,smell感官系動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞本身無(wú)詞義或意義不完整,不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)例be,do,have,shall,will情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的情感和語(yǔ)氣,后接動(dòng)詞原形can/could,may/might,will/would,mneed,shall,should,usedto,hadbetter一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)“am/is/are+其他”或“動(dòng)詞原形/單三+其他”一般過(guò)去時(shí)“was/were+其他”或“動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他”六種常一般將來(lái)時(shí)“am/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”或“will+動(dòng)詞原形”用時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他”高頻過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)“was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他”動(dòng)詞的時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他”態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“am/is/are+done”被動(dòng)般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“was/were+done”語(yǔ)態(tài)般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“willbe+done”或“am/is/aregoingtobe+done”高頻動(dòng)詞原形”在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和目的狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式“to+非謂語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的ing形式“v.+ing”動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的ed形式“v.+ed”在句中作定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法一致原則主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)法形式上保持一致+主謂意義一致原則主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致關(guān)系取決于主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)意義一致就近一致原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致14滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)精講第1講動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)動(dòng)詞是用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、行為或狀態(tài)的詞。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的句法功能可將動(dòng)詞分為：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。考點(diǎn)一實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是指具有完整意義，可以單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，主要表示主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)。1.按能否直接接賓語(yǔ)，分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。分類(lèi)用法舉例及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)IloveEnglish.我愛(ài)英語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)WecallherMary.我們叫她瑪麗。動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)MayIaskyousomequestions?我可以問(wèn)你一些問(wèn)題嗎?不及物動(dòng)詞本身意義完整，無(wú)需接賓語(yǔ)Atrafficaccidenthappened.發(fā)生了一起交通事故。需加適當(dāng)介詞，后接賓語(yǔ)Thebabyissmilingatussweetly.嬰兒正對(duì)著我們甜甜地笑。小貼士(1)間接賓語(yǔ)放在直接賓語(yǔ)后，可轉(zhuǎn)化成“動(dòng)詞+sth.+to+sb.”的及物動(dòng)詞，常考的詞有：give提供，給;sell出售,賣(mài);offer主動(dòng)提出;teach教,講授;pass給,遞;show展示;lend借給,借出;promise承諾;tell告訴,講述例如:Shegavehertickettothewomanatthecheckindesk她把票遞給了登機(jī)手續(xù)服務(wù)處的女士。(2)間接賓語(yǔ)放在直接賓語(yǔ)后，可轉(zhuǎn)化成“動(dòng)詞+sth.+for+sb.”的及物動(dòng)詞，?？嫉脑~有：buy購(gòu)買(mǎi)，買(mǎi);cook烹飪,煮;choose選擇;prepare使做好準(zhǔn)備;keep保持,保留例如:Didshebuyanythingforherbestfriend?她給她最好的朋友買(mǎi)東西了嗎?(3)間接賓語(yǔ)放在直接賓語(yǔ)后，有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)化成既可加to也可加for的及物動(dòng)詞，常考的詞有：bring帶來(lái);sing唱歌;read讀;get取得例如:Thelittleboyreadtheletterto/forhisgrandmother.那個(gè)小男孩為他的奶奶讀了那封信。2.按是否可持續(xù)，分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。分類(lèi)用法舉例延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，表示一種可持續(xù)的行為過(guò)程或狀態(tài)Wehaveworkedfor8hours.我們已經(jīng)工作八小時(shí)了。Iwasreadingwhilemybrotherwasstudyingforatest.我正在看書(shū)，而我哥哥正在為考試而學(xué)習(xí)。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作或過(guò)程是短暫瞬間完成的，表示行為的結(jié)果Hisgrandpadiedayearago.他爺爺一年前過(guò)世了。Iboughtitaweekago.我一周前買(mǎi)了它。語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞15小貼士常見(jiàn)的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和與之相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))beebecatchacoldhaveacoldbegin/startbeondiebedeadborrowkeepjoinbeinbuyhaveleavebeaway■對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練takelookexercisewarnsticktrustdependcollectputaccept一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空1(2023福建改編)Heissohonestamanthatweallhim2(2023四川自貢改編)KeeptryingSuccessonhardwork3(2023天津改編)Tokeephealthy,Daming'sgrandparentsinaparkeveryday4(2023湖北鄂州改編)Itmeonly20minutestogotoWuhanbyhighspeedtrain5(2023遼寧撫順改編)Lindalikestopensandshehashadallkindsofpenssofar6(2023湖南岳陽(yáng)改編)Theteachertellsstudentstoupnewwordsinadictionary7(2023山東濱州改編)OurparentsoftenusnottotalkwithstrangersontheInternet8(2023山東濱州改編)WangYapingisagreatwomanwhocantoherdreamsIreallylookuptoher.9(2023遼寧本溪改編)MrLimyinvitationhappilyyesterdayandhewilletotheparty.10(2023江蘇揚(yáng)州改編)Papercuttingsof“doublehappiness”areoftenupinthemarriedcouple'shometobringgoodwishes.二、單句填空1Don'talwaysyourselfwithothers,oryoumayhavemuchstress2SallyusuallyherbedaftershegetsupSheisquiteindependent3Ourfamilydecidedtoputoffthetripandathometomorrowbecauseoftheheavyrain4PlanAdoesn'twork,sowehavetoourplanHopefully,PlanBwillgoonsmoothly5Thefarmerfreshfruitatalowprice,sohisfruitstoreispopularwiththelocalvillagers三、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法原創(chuàng)givetrygetthinkfollowsaveseeMydogBertonwasthebestdog.Afterheleftus,Icouldn'thelpcryingwheneverI16滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)1.otherdogs.Welivednearabusyroad.Onemorning,around4a.m.,withoutourprotection,mytwoyearoldson2togetoutofhisbedroomwhileweweresleepingBertondidn’t3oursonwasallowedtogothroughthefrontdoorwithoutusThus(因此)he4himUnluckily,Bertonwaskilledbyacarelesstruckdriverbyaccidentlaterinorderto5oursonBertongaveusallhehadbutwecouldneverreturnhislove考點(diǎn)二系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞，也稱(chēng)作連系動(dòng)詞(LinkingVerb)，本身有詞義，但是不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，需要和其后面的表語(yǔ)連接起來(lái)才能構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。中考?？枷祫?dòng)詞總結(jié)：分類(lèi)及用法舉例狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are,was,were)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，?？糱e與人稱(chēng)的搭配、時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)IamChinese.(接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ))我是中國(guó)人。Thebookismine.(接代詞)這本書(shū)是我的。Itiseleven.(接數(shù)詞)它是十一。Playingbasketballisinteresting.(接形容詞)打籃球是有趣的。Theyhavebeenhere.(接副詞或副詞短語(yǔ))他們來(lái)過(guò)這里。Myparentsarenotathome.(接介詞短語(yǔ))我父母不在家。Mydreamistobeapoliceman.(接不定式或不定式短語(yǔ))我的夢(mèng)想是當(dāng)一名警察。Myfavoritesportisrunning.(接動(dòng)詞ing形式或動(dòng)詞ing形式短語(yǔ))我最喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)是跑步。TheproblemisthatIlivetoofarfromschool.(接句子,稱(chēng)為“表語(yǔ)從句”)問(wèn)題是我住得離學(xué)校太遠(yuǎn)了。表象系動(dòng)詞seem,appear表示主語(yǔ)“看起來(lái)(像)”Itseemed/appearedtowork.(接不定式或不定式短語(yǔ))它似乎奏效。Youseem/appearhappy.(接形容詞)你似乎很開(kāi)心。Itseems/appearsagoodidea.(接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ))它似乎是個(gè)好主意。Itseems/appearsthathedoesn'tknowwhatheisdoing.(接句子)他似乎不知道自己在做什么。持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞keep,stay,remain表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度Ihopeyoucankeep/stayhealthy.(接形容詞)我希望你能保持健康。Thepollutionremainsabigproblem.(接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ))污染仍是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。變化系動(dòng)詞get,bee,turn,go表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣Whenautumnes,daysgetshorter.(接形容詞比較級(jí))當(dāng)秋天來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，白天變短了。Ourschoolisbeingmoreandmorebeautiful.(接形容詞比較級(jí))我們的學(xué)校變得越來(lái)越漂亮了。Theleavesturnred.(接形容詞)樹(shù)葉變紅了。語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞17

續(xù)表分類(lèi)及用法舉例感官系動(dòng)詞feel,sound,look,taste,smell表示五種感官對(duì)應(yīng)的感受,指“……起來(lái)”Thecaketastesgood.(接形容詞)這個(gè)蛋糕嘗起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。Itsoundslikeagoodchoice.(+like+名詞短語(yǔ))聽(tīng)起來(lái)是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇?！鰧?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空appearsmellturnlooksound1(2023遼寧丹東改編)Dad,whatareyoucooking?Itsogood2(2023黑龍江牡丹江改編)YourskirtsospecialIsitahorsefaceskirt?3Theleavesarebrownwhenautumnes4.InAfrica,mostchildrenfrompoorfamiliesdidn’thaveenoughfoodandtheyalwaystobehungry5Thenewsthat3Dprintingcouldbeusedtobuildahouseinlessthan24hoursamazing.二、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法原創(chuàng)seemtastefeelmakegetlookkeepWhensummeres,theweatherbeesveryhotAndthedays1longerllikethehotdaysbecauseIcangoswimming.Ithinkswimmingisagoodwayformeto2healthyAndwhenI'minthewater,I3goodButnotallthepeopleliketogooutsideonhotdaysIt4likeagoodideatostayathomeandeaticecreaminsummerAlthoughit'salittleunhealthy,it5deliciousEnjoyingfoodisawonderfulwaytospendthesummer.考點(diǎn)三助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞本身無(wú)詞義或意義不完整，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，必須和別的動(dòng)詞連用，幫助其構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、否定句和疑問(wèn)句等。常見(jiàn)的助動(dòng)詞有：be(與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)或語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)是助動(dòng)詞),do,have,shall,will等。類(lèi)別用法舉例be(am/is/are/was/were)構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Iamdoingmyhomeworkatthemoment.我現(xiàn)在正在寫(xiě)作業(yè)。構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Theflowersarewateredeveryday.花每天都被澆水。18滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)續(xù)表類(lèi)別用法舉例do/does/did構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句Doyoulovemovies?你喜歡電影嗎?構(gòu)成否定句Hedoesn'tlikeaskinghisparentsforhelp.他不喜歡向父母求助。加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣Shedoeslovepopmusic.她的確喜歡流行音樂(lè)。代替前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的動(dòng)詞ShedancesaswellasIdo.她跳得和我一樣好。have/has/had構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)Ihaven'thadlunchyet.我還沒(méi)有吃午飯。shall/willshall用于第一人稱(chēng),構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)Shallwegototheparktomorrow?我們明天去公園好嗎?will用于各種人稱(chēng)，構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)Hewillgotoseeafilmtonight.他今晚會(huì)去看電影。對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空isdohavearewill1(2023甘肅白銀改編)yourecognize(認(rèn)出)thatmaninthewhiteTshirtyesterday?2(2023遼寧撫順改編)AnnlookingthroughhernotesforherEnglishexamnow3(2023四川瀘州改編)I’msureyougetalongwithyourclassmatesifyouarefriendlytothem.4(2023葫蘆島改編)Theboystalkingabouttheexcitingsoccergamewhentheteachercamein.5(2023江蘇揚(yáng)州改編)IbeeninChinaforthreemonthsandthisisthefirsttimeI'vetriedonHanfu.二、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法(用括號(hào)里所給詞的正確形式填空)原創(chuàng)IcamebackfromBritainaweekagoI1(have)studiedandworkedtherefor10yearsNow,IliveinGuangzhouwhichismyhometownIt2(have)beenoneofthemostimportantcitiesinourcountrysincelastcentury.IlikeGuangzhoumuchmorethanbeforeI3(be)goingtovisitavillagenearbythisweekendforIwanttogivepoorfamiliessupportMeanwhile,I4(will)bringsomebooks,toysandnewclothestothemThosewhoareinneedand5(do)haveenoughmoneycangetthemforfree.Ifyou'reinterestedinthisactivity,youcanjoinwithmenexttime.語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞19考點(diǎn)四情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的情感和語(yǔ)氣，如需要、可能、意愿、懷疑等。在形式上，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，不單獨(dú)使用，其后接動(dòng)詞原形。分類(lèi)用法舉例can/could表示可能性常用于否定句與疑問(wèn)句中，could既可以表示過(guò)去的可能性，又可以表示現(xiàn)在的可能性，語(yǔ)氣更弱些Hecan'tbeathome.ItissaidthathehasgonetoJapan.他不可能在家。據(jù)說(shuō)他到日本去了。Hesaidthenewscouldbetrue.他說(shuō)消息可能是真的。表示能力can一般指體力、知識(shí)、技能等方面的能力；could表示過(guò)去的能力Sheisonlyfive,butshecanread.她只有5歲，但她已經(jīng)會(huì)閱讀了。IcouldplaythepianowhenIwasonlysix.我剛六歲就能彈鋼琴了。表示請(qǐng)求或允許當(dāng)沒(méi)有把握得到允許或需要委婉地表達(dá)時(shí)用could；當(dāng)允許別人做某事時(shí)，答語(yǔ)用can而不用could—CouldIuseyourputer?我可以用你的電腦嗎?—Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.是的，你可以。/不，你不能。may/might表示可以做某事用may/might均可,might語(yǔ)氣更委婉,might也是may的過(guò)去式Y(jié)oumay/mightdrivethecar.你可以開(kāi)那輛汽車(chē)。表示請(qǐng)求、允許做某事否定答語(yǔ)mustn’t表示“禁止；絕不可以”—May/CanIein?我可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎?—Yes,please./No,youcan't./No,youmustn't.是的，你可以。/不，你不可以。/不，絕不行。表示推測(cè)表示把握性不大的推測(cè)，意為“或許;大概”,might的可能性低于mayItmay/mightraintomorrow.明天可能下雨。(may可能性比might大一些)will/would表示意愿表示自愿做或主動(dòng)提出做某事，可用于各種人稱(chēng)，would是will的過(guò)去式Willyoupleasepassthebooktome?請(qǐng)把那本書(shū)遞給我好嗎?Mybrothersaidhewouldhelpmetosolvetheproblem.我哥哥說(shuō)他會(huì)幫助我解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。must表示必須強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話者的主觀語(yǔ)氣，即說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)做某事。對(duì)其一般疑問(wèn)句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或者don’thaveto—MustIgotomorrow?明天我必須去嗎?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.是的，你必須去。/不，你不用去。表示推測(cè)指有把握的、有根據(jù)的推測(cè)，只能用于肯定句ThismustbeLucy'sroom.這一定是露西的房間。need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞多用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形，在need引起的一般疑問(wèn)句中，肯定回答用must或haveto,否定回答用needn't—NeedIhandinthereporttomorrow?我需要明天交報(bào)告嗎?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.是的，你需要。/不，你沒(méi)必要。20滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)續(xù)表分類(lèi)用法舉例need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，后接帶to的不定式Asstudents,weneedtofinishourhomeworkontime.作為學(xué)生，我們需要按時(shí)完成作業(yè)。shall表示征求意見(jiàn)或提出請(qǐng)求多用于第一人稱(chēng)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)WhatshallIwearatmybirthdayparty?在我的生日宴會(huì)上我該穿什么好呢?should表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任等表示說(shuō)話者的觀點(diǎn)，可用于各種人稱(chēng)Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.你應(yīng)該馬上去上課。usedto表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”后接動(dòng)詞原形,beusedtodoingsth.表示“習(xí)慣做某事”Iusedtogetuplate,butnowIamusedtogettingupearly.我過(guò)去常很晚起床，但是現(xiàn)在我習(xí)慣了早起。hadbetter表示勸告、建議后接動(dòng)詞原形，指“最好做某事”,否定形式為hadbetternotdosth.Youhadbetterstayhere.你最好待在這里。Youhadbetternotdothat.你最好不要那樣做。對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空needn'tmustcanmightcan't1(2023河北改編)Ifwefindabetterway,we’llfinishthejobfaster2(2023四川成都改編)Youranswerberight,butI'mgoingtochecktomakesure3(2023湖北荊州改編)Youtakethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyoutheredirectly.4(2023天津改編)I’mafraidIgotoTianjinUniversitytomorrowI’llworkasavolunteerinmymunity.5(2023山東濱州改編)ThepapercuttingisprettylivelyItbeMarywhomadeitNoneofusexceptherisabletodoit.二、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法原創(chuàng)needn'tmustwillmustn'tcan'tmightneedAsagroupleader,it'sTony'sdutytohelphisEnglishteacherhandouttheexercisebooks.Buttoday,there'sabookwithoutanameonitscover.Thehandwritinginitisneat(工整的)andtheexercisesgetfullmarksWho1itbelongto?Itcan'tbelongtoaboy,becausenoneoftheminhisgroupcanwritesoneatly.Thebook2belongtoagirlThereareonlythreegirlswhoaregoodathandwritingIt3beKelly's,becauseshealreadyhashersinherhandItmightbelongtoGina,butsheisnotsogoodatEnglishTodayMayisillathomeandshe4etoschooltomorrow,soitmustbelongtoherTony5askhertodayAndheisnolongerworried語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞21第2講動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其所發(fā)生的時(shí)間和所處的狀態(tài)而呈現(xiàn)出的不同形式。語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用于說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)一六種常用時(shí)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)用法舉例(1)be動(dòng)詞:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+amnot/isn't/aren’t+其他(2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞:肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/單三+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+don't/doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+其他表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)、特征Hegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.他每天坐公交車(chē)去上學(xué)。表示普遍真理或客觀事實(shí)Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光傳播得比聲音快。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagreattime.如果你去參加聚會(huì)，你會(huì)玩得很開(kāi)心。按時(shí)刻表、日歷等發(fā)生的事，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)ThetrainforWuhanleavesatseveninthemorning.開(kāi)往武漢的火車(chē)早上七點(diǎn)離開(kāi)。標(biāo)志詞:everyday/year/...,onweekends,onSundays,sometimes,usually,never,often,always,seldom,once/twice/...aweek等2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)用法舉例(1)be動(dòng)詞:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+was/were+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+wasn't/weren't+其他(2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞:肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedthatgame.當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我經(jīng)常玩那個(gè)游戲。表示過(guò)去時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)、特征Hewenttoschoolbybuslastterm.他上學(xué)期坐公交車(chē)上學(xué)。標(biāo)志詞:yesterday,lastyear/week/...,in2009,threeweeks/...ago,justnow,inthepast等3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)用法舉例(1)be動(dòng)詞:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+am/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+amnot/isn't/aren'tgoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他(2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+won't/shallnot+動(dòng)詞原形+其他表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)Iwillgowithyou.我會(huì)和你一起去的。Heisgoingtowatchamovietonight.他今晚要去看電影。標(biāo)志詞:tomorrow,nextweek/month/…,soon,infivedays等22滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)小貼士will還可以表示對(duì)將來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)。am/is/aregoingto還可以表示“決心;打算”例如:Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?明天的天氣怎么樣?Iamgoingtostudyhardthisterm.這個(gè)學(xué)期我要努力學(xué)習(xí)。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)用法舉例肯定句:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他否定形式:主語(yǔ)+amnot/isn't/aren't+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Look!Theyareplayingoverthere.看！他們正在那邊玩。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Iamstudyinghardthesedays.我最近在努力地學(xué)習(xí)。e,go,leave,arrive,start等表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)，表示動(dòng)作很快要發(fā)生MydadisleavingforGuangzhou.我爸爸馬上要去廣州?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always連用，表示贊揚(yáng)、批評(píng)等感情色彩Heisalwaysspeakinginclass.他上課總是講話。標(biāo)志詞:now,listen,look,while,atthemoment,thesedays等5.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)用法舉例肯定句:主語(yǔ)+was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+wasn't/weren't+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Theywereplayingbasketballthistimeyesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候他們正在打籃球。Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)的時(shí)候你在做什么?表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Whatwashedoinginthosedays?那些日子他在做什么呢?過(guò)去兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，用while連接Hewasdoinghishomeworkwhilehismomwascookinginthekitchen.他(那時(shí))正在做功課，而他媽媽在廚房里做飯。標(biāo)志詞:atthistimeyesterday,atthattime,allnight,attenlastnight,when/while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句等小貼士1.與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的使用區(qū)別：Iwaswritingaletteryesterdaymorning.(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,信是否寫(xiě)完不知道)昨天早上我在寫(xiě)一封信。Iwrotealetteryesterdaymorning.(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果,信寫(xiě)完了)昨天早上我寫(xiě)了一封信。2.while從句中的動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示時(shí)間段；when從句中可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以表示時(shí)間段，也可以表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，還可以表示突然性。例如:Iwaswalkingintheparkwhenitbegantorain.我正在公園里散步,天突然開(kāi)始下雨。While/Whenhewasdoinghishomework,thedooropened.當(dāng)他正在做作業(yè)時(shí),門(mén)開(kāi)了。語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞236.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)用法舉例肯定句:主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他否定句:主語(yǔ)+havent/hasn’t+過(guò)去分詞+其他表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去并已結(jié)束，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響(過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在)Hehasturnedthelightoff.他已把燈關(guān)了。(燈現(xiàn)在是關(guān)閉的狀態(tài)。)表示動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至將來(lái)(過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在)Hehaslivedheresince1978.自從1978年以來(lái)，他就住在這里。標(biāo)志詞:already,yet,ever,never,just,before,sofar,inthepast/lastfewyears,recently,overtheyears等小貼士since&fora.since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)例如:since1989since+時(shí)間段+ago例如:since2yearsagosince+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子例如:IhavelearnedEnglishsinceIwaseight.我從8歲起就開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。b.for+時(shí)間段例如:HehasbeeninBeijingfor3days.他在北京已經(jīng)三天了?！駂ave/hasgoneto,have/hasbeento,have/hasbeenina.have/hasgoneto…到……去了(已去未回)have/hasbeento...曾經(jīng)去過(guò)………(已去已回)have/hasbeenin…在某地待……多久(與for/since連用)例如:MaryhasgonetoBeijing.瑪麗到北京去了。(在路上或者在北京)MaryhasbeentoBeijingthreetimes.瑪麗去過(guò)北京三次。(現(xiàn)在不在北京)MaryhasbeeninBeijingforthreeyears.瑪麗已經(jīng)在北京待了三年了。b.后接副詞時(shí)，需省略介詞例如:Hehasbeenabroadforfiveyears.他出國(guó)五年了。Hasshebeentherebefore?她以前去過(guò)那里嗎?already&yeta.already用于肯定句,常用于句中。例如:Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.我已經(jīng)讀過(guò)這本書(shū)了。b.yet用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，常用于句末。例如:Thewomanhasn'tfoundherwatchyet.那位女士還沒(méi)有找到她的手表?！駃nthepast&inthepast+數(shù)詞+時(shí)間單位inthepast用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),inthepast+數(shù)詞+時(shí)間單位(如:inthepastthreeyears,inthepastfewyears),用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如:Theylivedahardlifeinthepast.他們過(guò)去過(guò)著艱苦的生活。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainthepastfewyears.過(guò)去的幾年里中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化?！裉囟ň湫?Itis+一段時(shí)間+since.../Ithasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since...例如:Itis/hasbeen5yearssincewelastmet.自從上一次我們見(jiàn)面到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)五年了。24滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)■對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空givewatchplaygoeatstudysingrainfailread.1(2023河北改編)IiceskatingthisSundayDoyouwanttoe?2(2023河北改編)ThisbookmustbegreatMysisteritfivetimessofar3(2023甘肅白銀改編)ThatwasthebestmealIinalongtime4(2023天津改編)WhileweanEnglishsong,somevisitorscametoourclass5(2023山東濱州改編)Sorry,Ican'thearyouclearlyIafootballmatch6(2023湖南懷化改編)Look!OurChineseteacheratalkinthemeetingroom7(2023湖北武漢改編)JessicaeverynightbeforeherChinesetestandgotgoodresults.8(2023四川成都改編)I'msorryIdidn'tansweryourphonebecauseIthepianoatthattime.9(2023湖北黃石改編)ThereisgoingtobeavolleyballgamenextSaturdayIfit,we'llhavetoputitoff.10.(2023四川瀘州改編)IwillmissMrs.Chenthemostaftergraduation,becausesheencouragedmealotwhenItheEnglishexam二、單句填空1Hehissisterwithherlessonstomorrow2JohntospeakChinesefor3yearsandhecanspeakitwellnow3AsafamousTVreporter,Jennymanybigeventsinthiscityeveryday4Whentheteachergotintotheclassroom,TomanovelwrittenbyLuXun5ThestudentsherehavegoodmannersTheyhandspolitelywhentheymetthestudentsfromotherschoolsyesterday.三、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法原創(chuàng)tellkeepplayistalkaskdoJackishelpful.Heisalwaysreadytohelpotherstudentsinhisclass.Thisweek,hewillalsodoso,becauseMarch5th1theofficial“LeiFengDay”HeoncegotaprizeforwhathehaddoneAndhehas2doingsuchkindofthingssincethen.WhenJackenteredtheoffice,someteacherswere3abouthimTheywereveryhappytoseehimand4himthattheyhadalreadydecidedtochoosehimagaintogetanotherprizeWiththeencouragement,Jackthinksthathewill5betterbecausetherearemanypeoplesupportinghim.Hewantstokeepimprovinghimself.語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞25考點(diǎn)二被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，則使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:Hewrotethebook.他寫(xiě)了這本書(shū)。(主語(yǔ)He是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wrote的執(zhí)行者)Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.這本書(shū)是由他寫(xiě)的。(主語(yǔ)Thebook是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞waswritten的承受者)1.課標(biāo)要求掌握的三種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)舉例一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)肯定式：am/is/are+done(過(guò)去分詞)否定式：amnot/isn't/aren't+done(過(guò)去分詞)Thebridgeisbuiltbyus.這座橋是我們建造的。一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定式：was/were+done(過(guò)去分詞)否定式：wasn't/weren't+done(過(guò)去分詞)Thebridgewasbuiltbyuslastyear.這座橋是我們?nèi)ツ杲ㄔ斓?。一般將?lái)時(shí)肯定式：willbe+done(過(guò)去分詞)am/is/aregoingtobe+done(過(guò)去分詞)否定式：willnotbe/won'tbe+done(過(guò)去分詞)amnot/isn't/aren'tgoingtobe+done(過(guò)去分詞)Thebridgewillbebuiltbyusintwoyears.這座橋?qū)⒃趦赡旰笥晌覀兘ㄔ臁?.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)舉例系動(dòng)詞如smell,look,sound,feel,seem,taste等，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Thedressonyoulooksverybeautiful.你穿的這條裙子很好看。絕大部分及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Manytreesareplantedonbothsidesoftheroad.這條路的兩邊種了許多樹(shù)。不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))如:rise,happen,takeplace,succeed,remain,lie等,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Thesunrisesasusual.太陽(yáng)照常升起。不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Thechildrenarelookedafterwellinthekindergarten.孩子們?cè)谟變簣@被照顧得很好。write,sell等詞常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Thenewproductsellswell.這款新產(chǎn)品賣(mài)得很好。Thepenwritessmoothly.這支筆寫(xiě)字很流暢。主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞(感官動(dòng)詞/使役動(dòng)詞)+賓語(yǔ)+(賓補(bǔ))，變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)則要變成：主語(yǔ)+bedone+todo主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Thebossmakestheworkerswork12hoursaday.老板讓工人們每天工作12小時(shí)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theworkersaremadetowork(bytheboss)12hoursaday.工人們被(老板)要求每天工作12小時(shí)。26滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空providebuildlearnshowgive1(2023天津改編)SomephotosofthemoonintheSpaceClubnextweek.2(2023河北改編)Breakfasteverydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.3(2023黑龍江改編)ManyresearchlabsinthefuturetodevelopscienceandtechnologyinChina.4(2023江西改編)HouYimagicmedicineforshootingdownthe9sunsHowever,PangMengtriedtostealit.5.(2023四川涼山改編)We’resoproudthatChinaisgettingstrongerandstronger.AndChinesebymoreandmoreforeignersnowadays二、單句填空1Thebookintomanyotherlanguageslastyear2Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretreesnextyear.3Theoldhousesinthevillagewhitebyallthevillagerslastweek4GermanbymostpeopleinGermany,andmanycanspeakEnglish,too5Fishinginordertoprotecttheecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))oftheriversinourcity三、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法原創(chuàng)makebuycallthrowknoweatinventDoyouknowxun(塤)?Itis1oneoftheoldestmusicalinstrumentsinChinaIthasahistoryofatleast7,000yearsLetmetellyouhowitwas2Theideaofxuncamefromahuntingtool.Inancienttimes,peopleoftentiedastonetotheropeandthrewittohuntanimals.Someofthestoneswerehollow(空心的).Whentheywere3,theycouldmakeaspecialsoundTohavefun,peopleinventedthemusicalinstrumentxunAtfirst,peopleusedstonesorbonestomakexunNow,itis4ofclay(陶土)monlyInthefuture,Ihopexunwillbe5bymorepeopleI'dliketosharemoreinformationaboutitwithyou.第3講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是指在句子中不是謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，主要包括動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞的ing形式和動(dòng)詞的ed形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)外，可以承擔(dān)句子的其他成分。語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞27考點(diǎn)一動(dòng)詞不定式基本形式：to+動(dòng)詞原形，有時(shí)也會(huì)見(jiàn)到省略to的不定式；其否定式為：not+(to+)動(dòng)詞原形。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)舉例動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式Heplanstogoforapicnic.他打算去野餐。形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式Robotsareabletoserveintherestaurant.機(jī)器人可以在餐廳里服務(wù)。疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式Idon'tknowhowtogettotherailwaystation.我不知道怎樣去火車(chē)站。Shetoldmewheretofindthebank.她告訴我在哪里可以找到銀行。2.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和目的狀語(yǔ)成分舉例作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.露西讓他把收音機(jī)的音量關(guān)小。作目的狀語(yǔ)Theyranovertoweletheforeignguests.他們跑過(guò)去歡迎外賓。3.動(dòng)詞不定式的注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)舉例常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞afford,agree,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,promise,refuse,want,wish等常見(jiàn)的接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(+sb.todosth)的動(dòng)詞advise,allow,ask,expect,force,invite,tell,want,wish,encourage,teach,wouldlike等有些動(dòng)詞后面既可以接不定式，又可以接動(dòng)詞ing形式，意義沒(méi)有明顯區(qū)別begintodo/doingsth.開(kāi)始做某事starttodo/doingsth.開(kāi)始做某事hatetodo/doingsth.討厭做某事love/liketodo/doingsth.熱愛(ài)/喜歡做某事有些動(dòng)詞后面既可以接不定式，又可以接動(dòng)詞ing形式，意義區(qū)別較大remembertodosth.記得做某事(還未做)rememberdoingsth.記得做過(guò)某事(做過(guò)了)forgettodosth.忘記做某事(還未做)forgetdoingsth.忘記做過(guò)某事(做過(guò)了)regrettodosth.對(duì)要做的事遺憾(還未做)regretdoingsth.后悔做過(guò)某事(做過(guò)了)trytodosth.努力做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事有些動(dòng)詞后面的不定式既可帶to，也可不帶to，意義沒(méi)有明顯區(qū)別helptodosth.=helpdosth.有助于做某事28滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)續(xù)表注意事項(xiàng)舉例主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it(形式賓語(yǔ))+形容詞賓補(bǔ)+不定式(真正的賓語(yǔ))結(jié)構(gòu)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常為find,think,feel等IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglish.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ)很難。有些感官動(dòng)詞(hear,see,feel,watch,notice)和使役動(dòng)詞(let,make,have)等后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，省略toIheardhimsinginthenextroom.我聽(tīng)到他在隔壁房間唱歌了。Thebossmadethemworkdayandnight.老板讓他們?nèi)找构ぷ?。有些感官?dòng)詞后面，既可以接do作賓補(bǔ)，又可以接doing作賓補(bǔ)Iheardhimsingasong.(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已完成)我聽(tīng)到他唱了一首歌。Iheardhimsingingasong.(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)我聽(tīng)到他正在唱歌。4.動(dòng)詞不定式的其他固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)舉例Itisone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了Itisyourturntotellastory.輪到你講故事了。Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人一段時(shí)間做某事Ittookmehalfanhourtodomyhomeworkyesterday.昨天做作業(yè)花了我半小時(shí)。It's+形容詞(+for+sb.)+todosth.(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事……Itisverydifficultformetoliftthebox.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)要抬起這個(gè)箱子很困難。It's+形容詞+of+sb.+todosth.此句型中的形容詞是表示人的性格、品質(zhì)等的詞,如polite,unkind,kind,nice,clever,careful,careless等Itwascarelessofyoutodothat.你那樣做太粗心了。主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)+todoThequestioniseasytoanswer.這個(gè)問(wèn)題容易回答。Theboyisdifficulttogetonwith.這個(gè)男孩難以相處。+考點(diǎn)二動(dòng)詞的ing形式句子結(jié)構(gòu)句法功能舉例肯定式:v.+ing否定式:not+v.+ing作主語(yǔ)Seeingisbelieving.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。作表語(yǔ)Hishobbyispainting.他的愛(ài)好是繪畫(huà)。作賓語(yǔ)Heenjoysgoingforawalkaftersupper.他喜歡在飯后散步。作定語(yǔ)Hemaybeinthereadingroom.(前置定語(yǔ))他可能在閱覽室里。Thegirlsingingnowisaclassmateofmine.(后置定語(yǔ))現(xiàn)在唱歌的女孩是我的同學(xué)。作狀語(yǔ)Hesatatthedesk,readingamagazine.他坐在桌子旁看雜志。小貼士1.當(dāng)need,require,want作“需要”講時(shí),后加v.+ing就等于后加不定式的被動(dòng)式。例如:Thewindowsneedcleaning.=Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.窗戶需要擦一擦了。2.常見(jiàn)可接doingsth.的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有:consider,finish,practice,mind,avoid,miss,havetrouble/difficulty(in),bebusy,giveup,feellike,keepon,lookforwardto,prefer…to…,be/getusedto等。語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞29+考點(diǎn)三動(dòng)詞的ed形式句子結(jié)構(gòu)句法功能舉例v.+ed作定語(yǔ)IknowamancalledLiJinlin.我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)叫李金林的人。對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空writejoinprepareshowreadanswer1(2023云南改編)TodayisFather'sDay,andIplanabigdinnerformyfather2(2023四川達(dá)州改編)ThebookisfantasticandIamlookingforwardtoitagain3(2023四川自貢改編)WearetoldnotthephonewhilecrossingthestreetIt'sdangerous.4(2023江蘇揚(yáng)州改編)Scienceismyfavoritesubject,soIhavepreparedtheSTEAMClub.5(2023四川達(dá)州改編)Theteachersusedtokeypointsontheblackboard,butnowtheyaregettingusedtothemthroughPPTs二、語(yǔ)篇練語(yǔ)法takehelpthankbeeexpresstrymakeVolunteers(志愿者)canbepeopleofallagesThereisateam1upofnineoldwomeninChongqingTheyarebetween66and74Theyvolunteer2careof25studentsfromaprimaryschool.Theypickupthestudentsfromtheschool,andhelpthemwiththeirhomework.DuringtraditionalChineseholidays,thestudents’parentsvisittheteammemberswiththeirkids3theirthanksDengLihong,66,isamemberoftheteamShesaiditmadeherboringlife4interestingandshefeltrelaxedwhenstayingwiththekidsShehopes5asmanykidsasshecaninthefuture.Itisverymeaningful.+第4講主謂一致主謂一致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致。主謂一致有以下三條原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。1.語(yǔ)法一致原則主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)法形式上保持一致，即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也采用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也采用復(fù)數(shù)形式。30滾動(dòng)遷移中考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)舉例單數(shù)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Themanagerisgoingtoadinnerpartytonight.經(jīng)理今晚要參加一個(gè)晚宴。不可數(shù)名詞Lotsofadviceistakenbytheleaders.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們采納了很多建議。each…andeach…,every…andevEachmanandeachwomanisaskedtohelp.每一個(gè)人都被要求幫忙。either,neither,each,theother,another,somebody,someone,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,ev|eryone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等不定代詞Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.大家都為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做好準(zhǔn)備了。單個(gè)的不定式Toworkhardisnecessary.努力工作是必須的。單個(gè)的動(dòng)名詞Eatingmorevegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.多吃蔬菜對(duì)你的健康有好處。oneof/thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Thenumberofafterschoolactivitiesisincreasingeveryyear.課外活動(dòng)的數(shù)量每年都在增加。復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Someflowersareredinthegarden.花園里一些花是紅色的。and和both…and…連接的并列成分BothTomandMikearemyfriends.湯姆和邁克都是我的朋友。anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Anumberofafterschoolactivitiesareonthelistforstudentstochoose.許多課外活動(dòng)都在清單上供學(xué)生選擇。視情況而定主語(yǔ)后帶有with,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,alongwith,besides,except,but,like,including等詞語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由詞語(yǔ)前的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.他和我都想去劃船。定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致Ipreferthemoviesthatgivemesomethingtothinkabout.我更喜歡讓我思考的電影。2.意義一致原則主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致關(guān)系取決于主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)意義，而不是語(yǔ)法上的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，這就是意義一致原則。謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)舉例單數(shù)表示時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)值、重量等的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常看作一個(gè)整體Tenyuanisenough.10元足夠了。Threeyearshaspassedquickly.三年的時(shí)間很快過(guò)去了。語(yǔ)法二動(dòng)詞31續(xù)表謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)舉例單數(shù)有些復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞。常見(jiàn)的有：抽象名詞(例如：news)、學(xué)科名詞(例如：maths,physics)、專(zhuān)有名詞(例如:TheUnitedNations)Physicsisveryinteresting.Wealllikeit.物理很有意思，我們