高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)小用文寫(xiě)作技巧課件

（一）概況1類(lèi)型：應(yīng)用文（書(shū)信、簡(jiǎn)歷、通知等）詞匯：100詞左右/篇題量：1篇分?jǐn)?shù)：15分時(shí)間：建議30-40分鐘內(nèi)解題步驟1.明確寫(xiě)作類(lèi)型（書(shū)信為主，切勿忘非書(shū)信）2.列出寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)3.檢查格式、單詞拼寫(xiě)及語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作2345

我校圖書(shū)館將面向國(guó)際學(xué)生舉辦一場(chǎng)講座，請(qǐng)你代圖書(shū)館寫(xiě)一份英文通知，內(nèi)容包括以下要點(diǎn)：（1）講座時(shí)間為2020年6月15日下午兩點(diǎn)半到四點(diǎn)，地點(diǎn)在三樓演講廳；（2）講座嘉賓為王一

博士，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授；（3）講座主題為擺地?cái)偱c中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)。參考詞匯：（1）演講廳LectureHall；（2）經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)economics；（3）擺地?cái)俿treetvending.6

假設(shè)你是李明，最近參加了某旅行社（travelagency）組織的一次旅游，但你對(duì)這次旅行很不滿，請(qǐng)你向客服（customerservice）寫(xiě)一封投訴信。闡述投訴的原因（如：酒店、飲食、交通及費(fèi)用），并提出你期待的解決辦法。71.審題，確定寫(xiě)作類(lèi)型

投訴信2.列提綱，寫(xiě)出要點(diǎn)

寫(xiě)信目的（自我介紹，投訴對(duì)象）

投訴原因

解決辦法3.檢查格式、單詞及語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤8（二）書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式9書(shū)信——寫(xiě)作格式1.

稱呼頂格，后加逗號(hào)；對(duì)不相識(shí)的人，單數(shù)常用“DearSir,”或“DearMadam,”或“DearSir/Madam,”；復(fù)數(shù)直接加S。2.

正文縮進(jìn)4~5個(gè)字符，于稱呼下方一行開(kāi)始；常分三段，每段開(kāi)頭對(duì)齊。3.

結(jié)束語(yǔ)放于第三段最后；Withmybestwishestoyou.Bestwishes!4.

簽名往右頂格對(duì)齊；Yourssincerely/truly,LiMing

Yours,LiMing10書(shū)信——寫(xiě)作邏輯1.

開(kāi)頭段問(wèn)候自我介紹寫(xiě)信背景，為什么寫(xiě)這封信寫(xiě)信目的，寫(xiě)這封信想達(dá)到什么目的2.

中間段具體問(wèn)題+具體分析3.

結(jié)尾段客套話口訣開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山說(shuō)意圖咨詢建議123不同內(nèi)容可分段感謝客氣不可少期待回信成老套11寫(xiě)作——第一段第一段：1.交代背景

2.說(shuō)明寫(xiě)信目的感謝信：I'mwritingtogiveyoumysincerethanks…I'mwritingtoexpressmyappreciationfor…邀請(qǐng)信：I'mwritingtoinviteyouto…I'dliketotakethischancetoinviteyouto…12寫(xiě)作——第一段祝賀信：CongratulationsonyoursuccessinpassingtheentranceexaminationtoXXUniversity.ItisreallygoodnewsthatyouhavebeenadmittedtoXXUniversity.道歉信：I'mwritingtoshowmyheartfeltapologytoyoufor…Iamwritingtoexpressmyregretabout…13寫(xiě)作——第一段14寫(xiě)作——第一段建議信：Iamwritingtogiveyousomeadviceabout…Iamwritingtoofferyouseveralpracticalsuggestions…求助信：Iamwritingtoaskyouforhelp.Iamwritingtoaskyoutodomeafavor.告知信：Iamwritingtogiveyousomemoredetails.Iamwritingtoinformyouextrainformation.15寫(xiě)作——中間段常見(jiàn)書(shū)信的“中間段”寫(xiě)法中間段：具體問(wèn)題（主題句）+具體分析（拓展句）申請(qǐng)（求職）信：寫(xiě)法一：TherearethreemainreasonswhyIamfitfortheposition/job.Tobeginwith,…What'smore,…Finally,…寫(xiě)法二：IhavetheconfidencethatIcanhandlethejob.Firstly,…Secondly,…Thirdly,…16寫(xiě)作——中間段感謝信：EverytimeI(看照片、看錄像、看那段時(shí)間的日記、回憶那段經(jīng)歷),Ijustcan'thelpthinkingofyou/whatyouhavedoneforme.Itwassokindofyouto(對(duì)方做的第一件事).Besides,you(對(duì)方做的第二件事),whichreallysurprisedme.Actually,Ishallalwaysremember(對(duì)方做的第三件事),consideringthat,(第三件事情的意義).Nothingwillbeabletoeraseourwonderfulmemories,andIwillcherishthemforever.17寫(xiě)作——中間段邀請(qǐng)信：描述具體活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，如活動(dòng)主題、意義、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、參加者等Herearesomedetailsfortheactivities.Tobeginwith,(活動(dòng)主題或活動(dòng)目的，如：thethemeofthecontestis“humanandthenature”,whichisundoubtedlynotonlyentertainingbutalsoinstructive.)Moreover,(活動(dòng)的地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間，如itwillbeinroom501from2:00to5:00ontheafternoonofJune15th.)18寫(xiě)作——中間段19寫(xiě)作——中間段建議信：寫(xiě)給對(duì)方的具體建議寫(xiě)法一：Thereareseveralsimplesuggestionsforyou.Tobeginwith,…Moreover,…What'smore,…Finally,…寫(xiě)法二：Immediateandeffectivemeasuresmustbeputintopractice.Firstandforemost,…Additionally,…Lastbutnotleast,…20寫(xiě)作——結(jié)尾段感謝信I,onbehalfofmywholefamily/class/school,wouldliketothankyouagain(forwhatyouhavedone)(forme/us).Mayyoubeblessed(ineverythingyoudo).建議信Hopefullythesesuggestionswillbeofgreathelptoyou.IfthereisanythingelseIcandoforyou,pleaseletmeknowassoonaspossible.I'msureyoucansolveyourproblembeforelong.21寫(xiě)作——結(jié)尾段22寫(xiě)作示例23寫(xiě)作示例24寫(xiě)作示例25寫(xiě)作示例

Foryou,Ithinktobeoptimisticisveryimportant.（總起第三段，指出樂(lè)觀的重要性）Ifyouhopetoadaptyourselftothenewenvironment,you'dbetterbepositivenomatterwhatdifficultiesyouwillexperienceinyourcollegelife.Mayyouadaptyourselftothecollegelifeassoonaspossible!（最后表示美好祝愿）

Yours,Tim

26寫(xiě)作示例Directions:Youhavealreadyhadadatewithyourfriendbutsuddenlyhaveanotherthingtodoandyouhavetotellyourfriendthatyoucan'tgo.Expressyourreasonclearlyinabout100words.Donotsignyournameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Don’twritetheaddress.27寫(xiě)作示例（1）審題本文是封道歉信。日常生活中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些差錯(cuò)，如失約、損壞東西等。遇到這種情形，應(yīng)及時(shí)寫(xiě)信致歉，以消除不必要的誤解，維系正常的關(guān)系。道歉信除應(yīng)及時(shí)寫(xiě)之外，還必須寫(xiě)得誠(chéng)懇，歉意應(yīng)發(fā)自內(nèi)心，決不可敷衍塞責(zé)。再則，事情原委要解釋清楚，措辭應(yīng)當(dāng)委婉貼切。（2)寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)

對(duì)所造成的失誤或疏忽表示道歉（原因）

對(duì)失誤或疏忽做出解釋

提出如何補(bǔ)救或挽回?fù)p失28寫(xiě)作示例29（二）非書(shū)信30非書(shū)信類(lèi)——簡(jiǎn)歷

簡(jiǎn)歷是個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的書(shū)面表達(dá)形式，應(yīng)包含個(gè)人信息、教育背景和工作經(jīng)歷。有時(shí)還可包含事業(yè)目標(biāo)（objective或careerobjective）、其他經(jīng)歷（activities）、獲獎(jiǎng)情況（awards）和特長(zhǎng)（specialskills）等。31非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——簡(jiǎn)歷范文示例Direction:Supposeyouaregoingtograduatefromtheuniversity.Writearesumeinabout100wordstoapplyforajob.Donotuseyourownname,using"LiMei"instead.32非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——簡(jiǎn)歷RESUMEPersonalData:Name:LiMeiSex:FemaleAddress:Room602,DormitoryBuilding12,SouthChinaNormalUniversityTianhe,Guangzhou,430021DateofBirth:June16,1997PlaceofBirth:Tianhe,GuanghzouTelephone:(020Hobbies:painting,reading,Internetsurfing,dancingForeignLanguages:EnglishObjective:Toworkasaregionalsalesrepresentativewhoisresponsibleforsalesactivityandcoordination.33非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——簡(jiǎn)歷Education:2014~PresentStudyingatSouthChinaNormalUniversityBachelorofArtsinfinance2011~2014StudyingatGuangzhouNo.1HighSchool2009~2011StudyingatGuangzhouNo.7JuniorHighSchoolWorkExperience:NoneSpecialSkillsandTechnicalQualifications:Iamprofessionallytrainedinfinanceandeconomics.InadditiontoMandarin,Icanspeak,writeandreadEnglishfluently.Ihadtwopart-timejobsinACompanyandBCompany,whichhelpedmegainsomesalesoperationknowledgeandsalesplanningexperience.34非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——通知英文通知的寫(xiě)作也可采用不同形式。有的是采用句子的形式予以陳述，而有的則只做以簡(jiǎn)單的羅列。一般應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.必須包括notice字樣，而且每個(gè)字母都應(yīng)采用大寫(xiě)；2.內(nèi)容必須包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事宜和通知對(duì)象等。表達(dá)須準(zhǔn)確，措詞也要較正式；3.必須包括寫(xiě)通知的個(gè)人或者單位的稱謂，而且一般都放在通知的右下腳；4.必須包括寫(xiě)通知的日期。35非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——通知36非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——通知37非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——請(qǐng)假條請(qǐng)假條應(yīng)包括以下四部分內(nèi)容：①日期日期通常應(yīng)在正文右上角，因請(qǐng)假條涉及到的是最近時(shí)間內(nèi)的事情，故可直接用幾月，幾日或星期幾來(lái)表示，如April10或10April或Thursday.②稱呼稱呼常用常規(guī)信中的稱呼語(yǔ)，如Dear…,Mr.…,Professor…,Dr.…等。③正文正文是請(qǐng)假條的核心部分，主要涉及到請(qǐng)假原因，請(qǐng)假時(shí)間，結(jié)尾時(shí)需用一些表示感謝或請(qǐng)求批準(zhǔn)的話語(yǔ)。切記理由要充分，在必要是應(yīng)附上相應(yīng)的證明。④結(jié)束語(yǔ)的署名結(jié)束語(yǔ)常用yoursfaithfully或yourssincerely或yourstruly等。38非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——請(qǐng)假條常用句型①起首用語(yǔ)請(qǐng)假條中起首句常用來(lái)說(shuō)明請(qǐng)假原因或請(qǐng)假時(shí)間，常用句型如下：I'dliketoapplyforthreedaysleaveofabsence,startingfrom…,andfinishingon…Iamwritingtoaskforsickleaveof…days,startingfrom…to…I'msorryIcan'tattendthemeetingbecause/as…Owingto…/As…,Ishallbeunableto…39非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——請(qǐng)假條②結(jié)尾常用語(yǔ)請(qǐng)假條中結(jié)尾用語(yǔ)常用來(lái)表示感謝、請(qǐng)予批準(zhǔn)等。常用句型如下：Ishouldbeveryobliged/gratefulifyougrantmetheleave.Ihopeyouwillgrantmetheleave.Hopingyouwillexcusemynon-attendance.I'llcertainlydomybesttomakeup…once/assoonas…NowIenclosethetelegraphfrommyfather.40非書(shū)信寫(xiě)作——請(qǐng)假條December01,2019DearManager,I’dliketoapplyforthreedaysleave,startingfromthe13thtothe15th,inordertoreturntomyhometowntoseemyfather,whoisseriouslyillthesedays.Ishouldbeverymuchobligedifyougrantmetheleave.Astothedutiestobemissedduringmyabsence,IshalldomybesttomakethemupassoonasIgetback.HereIenclosethemessagefrommymother.Yoursfaithfully,LiMing41（三）技巧421.inone'sopinion,asfarasI'mconcerned,frommypointofview代替think，believe（表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)）Ithink/believethatlearningaforegnlanguageisimportant.AsfarasI'mconcerned,learningaforegnlanguageisimportant.2.beof+n.替換adj.（important，useful等）Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisveryimportant.Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisofgreatimportance.寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換43寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換3.grateful,appreciation（appreciate）代替thankIthankyouverymuchfor…I'mtrulygratefultoyoufor…Ireallyappreciateyourhelp.4.expect,lookforwardto代替hopeIhopetoseeyousoon./Ihopetoreceiveyourearlyreply.I'mlookingforwardtoreceivingyouearlyreply.44寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換5.besupposedtodo替換shouldYoushouldmakethebestuseoftime.Youaresupposedtomakethebestuseoftime.6.givesb.ahand/dosb.afavor代替helpWouldyouhelpmetohostthemeeting?Wouldyougivemeahand/domeafavortohostthemeeting?45寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換46寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換47寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換11.apologize/apology替換sorryI'msorryforbeinglateandcausingyousometrouble.Iapologizeforbeinglateandcausingyousometrouble.12.sparenoefforts替換tryone’sbestIwilltrymybesttodomyworkwell.Iwillsparenoeffortstodomyworkwell.48寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換13.beeagerto,belongingto替換wantIwanttobeamemberofyouandmakemoreprogress.I'meagertobeamemberofyouandmakemoreprogress.14.agrowingnumberof代替moreandmoreMoreandmorestudentsareindulgedinplayingtheKingofGlory.AgrowingnumberofstudentsareindulgedinplayingtheKingofGlory.4950寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換寫(xiě)作——詞匯替換17.bequalifiedfor替換befitforI'mquitesurethatI'mfitfortheposition.I'mquitesurethatI'mqualifiedfortheposition.18.havenochoicebutto替換havetoYouhavetocherishyourcollegelife.Youhavenochoicebuttocherishyourcollegelife.51寫(xiě)作——連詞使用52寫(xiě)作——連詞使用4.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

but，however,while,onthecontrary,whereas,nevertheless5.因果關(guān)系原因：because,as,since,dueto,owingto,for結(jié)果：therefore,thus,asaresult,sothat,asaconsequence,consequently6.條件關(guān)系if,unless,otherwise,incase,solongas,onconditionthat53寫(xiě)作——連詞使用7.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系what'smore,furthermore,

moreover,tomakemattersworse8.時(shí)間關(guān)系next,then,later,finally,eventually,meanwhile,atthesametime9.總結(jié)概括inshort,inbrief,inconclusion,inaword,ingeneral,generallyspeaking,onthewhole54寫(xiě)作——常用表達(dá)闡述觀點(diǎn)或進(jìn)行論證1.就我所知：asfarasIknow,tomyknowledge2.在我看來(lái)：frommypointofview,itseemstomethat3.一般來(lái)說(shuō)：generallyspeaking,4.概括地說(shuō)：ingeneralterms,55例證/補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明/進(jìn)一步闡述1.例如：forexample,forinstance,suchas2.等等：andsoon,andsoforth,andall,andothers,andthelike,aswell3.同樣地：similarly,likewise,inthesameway4.特別是：particularly,inparticular,especially5.再者，更重要的是：what’smore,morethanthat,themostimportant56例證/補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明/進(jìn)一步闡述6.此外：moreover,furthermore,inaddition,inadditiontothat,besides7.換言之：inotherwords,or,thatis57寫(xiě)作——常用表達(dá)陳述觀點(diǎn)/理由/措施1.我的看法是……：