安徽省十校聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ) 含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年度高二第二學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考

英語(yǔ)試卷

考生注意：

L本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。

2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。

3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)

應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)

域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀

一遍。

1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Onabus.B.Atasubwaystation.C.Atabusstation.

2.Whydidthemanplaybadlyinthetennismatch?

A.Hedidn,teatenoughfood.

B.Hehadtoolittlesleepthenightbefore.

C.Hefeltthirstyduringthecompetition.

3.Atwhattimedoestheyogaclassend?

A.6:00.B.7:00.C.7:15.

4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Anoldfilm.B.Anactor.C.Anovel.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhernewneighbors?

A.Theyarenoisy.B.Theyareuntidy.C.Theyareunfriendly.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.HowlongisMabel,sCafeopen?

A.For7hours.B.For9hours.C.For10hours.

7.WhatdoweknowaboutMabel,sCafe?

A.Itservescoffeeandsweetfood.

B.Itdoesn,ttakeanyreservations.

C.ItisfarfromPyramidsMexicanRestaurant.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatistheman?

A.Anewsreporter.B.Aneditor.C.Ashortstorywriter.

9.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?

A.Hehastoattendmoremeetings.

B.Heworksmoreslowlythanheusedto.

C.Hehasmorespacetoexpresshisideas.

10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Co-workers.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Fatheranddaughter.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkiswrongwithheratfirst?

A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shehasanearache.C.Shehasatoothache.

12.Whatwillthewomandoatonce?

A.Stoptakingmedicine.

B.Makeadentistappointment.

C.Writedownherproblemsonpaper.

13.Whatdoesthemantellthewoman?

A.Wheretogetthemedicine.

B.Howtomakeanappointment.

C.Whentohavehertoothchecked.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.WherewillthegirlgoonSaturday?

A.Acinema,B.Arestaurant.C.Tom,shouse.

15.Whendoesthemoviestart?

A.At7:15.B.At8:00.C.At12:30.

16.Whatisthegirlgoingtodonext?

A.CallJane.B.Studyathome.C.Eatsomefood.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhatwasthefirstattractionthespeakervisitedinLondon?

A.BuckinghamPalace.B.ChurchillWarRooms.C.TheBritainatWarExperience.

18.WhatdidthespeakerdoinSt.James,sPark?

A.Hewentboatingonthelake.

B.Hetookphotosofthescenery.

C.Hespentsometimeonabridge.

19.WhereisBuckinghamPalace?

A.InTooleyStreet.B.NearGreenPark.C.AtLondonBridgemain-linestation.

20.HowdidthespeakerpayfortheBritainatWarExperienceandChurchillWarRooms?

A.Incash.B.Bycreditcard.C.Withsupermarketrewardbills.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

PeaksoftheBalkans

JoinusfortheadventurethroughtheAccursedMountainRange.Thejoumey,sunmatchedbeauty,

undiscoveredrawnessandwelcominglocalswillleaveyoufeelingrelaxedandfulfilled.Thishikepreviouslywon

theWorldTravel&.TourismAwardandisoneofthemostbeautifulhikingIraiIS（小徑）intheworld.

PACKAGEINCLUDES

?AccommodationinMontenegrinandAlbanianguesthouses

Wherewestayiswhatmakesthistourspecial.Wehavebuiltamazingrelationshipswiththelocalsonthetrail

whoessentiallywelcomeyouintotheirhome.Theytreatyoulikefamilyandserveyoufoodanddrinkthatonly

yourgrandmothercould.

Roomsareshared,butprivateroomscanberequestedforanadditionalcost.

?Localguide

EmirisaguidewithagreatpassionandknowledgeoftheAccursedMountainRange.HespeaksfluentEnglish,

Serbo-CroatianandbrokenSpanish.

?Whattoeat

Breakfast,lunchanddinnerareprovidedduringdays2~8.Mealsonthetrailwillbetraditionallocalcuisine.

Pleasemakeanydietaryrestrictionsknownandwewillgladlycater(迎合)toyou.Days1and9arearrivaland

departuredays.Onlydinnerwillbeservedonday1andbreakfastonday9.

MOREINFORMATION

?When

Thedatesarefixedforopengroups.Additionaldatescanberequestedforprivategroups.

?Howmuchitis

$950(Allinclusive)

?Howtobook

Filloutyourcontactinformationandtellusalittlebitaboutyourselves.Feelfreetoaskanyquestionsand

we,llgetbacktoyouassoonaspossible.

1.WhatmakesthetriptoPeaksoftheBalkansspecial?

A.Thetime.B.Theconvenience.

C.Theprice.D.Theaccommodation.

2.Howmanymealsareprovidedonthetour?

A.27.B.23.C.9.D,8.

3.Whatisthetext?

A.Adiaryentry.B.Anotice.

C.Atraveladvertisement.D.Abookreview.

【答案】LD2.B3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了巴爾干半島ACCUrSed山脈徒步旅行的相關(guān)信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AccommodationinMontenegrinandAlbanianguesthouses部分*iWherewestayiswhat

makesthistourspecial.（我們住的地方使這次旅行與眾不同）”可知，住宿使巴爾干之旅變得特別。故選

Do

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whattoeat部分uBreakfast,lunchanddinnerareprovidedduringdays2~8...Days1and9

arearrivalanddeparturedays.Onlydinnerwillbeservedonday1andbreakfastonday9.（第2~8天提供早餐、

午餐和晚餐……第1天和第9天是抵達(dá)和出發(fā)日。第一天只供應(yīng)晚餐，第九天供應(yīng)早餐）”可知，這次旅

游會(huì)提供3x7+2=23份餐食。故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)Howtobook部分“Filloutyourcontactinformationandtellusalittlebitaboutyourselves.

Feelfreetoaskanyquestionsandwe,llgetbacktoyouassoonasPoSSibIe.（填寫(xiě)您的聯(lián)系方式，并告訴我們

一些關(guān)于您自己的信息。請(qǐng)隨時(shí)提出任何問(wèn)題，我們會(huì)盡快回復(fù)您）”可推斷，本文是一篇旅游廣告。故

選Co

B

MariahGallowayhasobservedhermotherandotherfamilymembersdrivingacarsomanytimes.Sheknew

justwhattodowhenshewasinvolvedinascaryincidentrightinherowndriveway.Thetroublebeganoneday

whenthe8-year-old,sgreat-grandmother,PatriciaLynch,pickedherupfromschoolandbroughtherhome.

Patriciahaddonethismanytimes,butonthisday,amomentofinattentionnearlyturneddeadly.WhileMariah

wasstillinthecar,the79-year-oldaccidentallyputhercarinthewronggear（檔位）.

“Shethoughthercarwasinparkbutitwasinreverse，到車）,"Mariahsaid.t?Itstartedmoving.Shetriedto

stopitbutshefell.Thetirewentoverherfoot.”

Mariahimmediatelyknewwhattodo.Shejumpedintothefrontseatandquicklypulledthekeysfromthe

ignition（點(diǎn),<,裝置），stoppingthecarinitstracks.WithPatricia,slegtrappedunderthecar,sfrontleftwheel,Mariah

rushedtothehousetogethelp.

Mariah,smom,PorchiaLane,camerunning,callinganambulancewhensherealizedwhathadhappened.

SomehowPatriciawasabletopullherselfoutfromunderthecar,stire,butherlegwasbadlyinjuredandbleeding

heavily.??Mariahwenttotakeatowel.WewrappedPatricia,slegupandcaughttheambulance,,,Porchiarecalled,

“Shereallythoughtfast?5

PatriciaisnowrecoveringatTrinityHealthOaklandHospital,andMariahisbeingcalledaheroforherquick

thinking.Eventhoughthechildadmittedshefeltscaredduringtheaccident,shemanagedtokeepacoolheadand

avoidedfurthertragedy.

Porchiaislefttocountherluckystarsthatherdaughterwaswatchingherwhileshedrove.??Shewasableto

thinkfastandsheprobablywascalmerthanmeinthissituationbecauseIwouldhavebeencrazy,,,shetellsother

parents.44IjusttoldMariahtofollowherheartandmakerightdecisions.,,

4.HowdidMariahGallowayknowwhattodointheterribleincident?

A.Herschoolhadjuststartedrelevantcourses.

B.Hermothertaughthertodriveatanearlyage.

C.Shewatchedfamilymembersdrivealotoftimes.

DShedrovethefamilycarsecretlymorethanonce.

5.WhatdidMariahGallowaydoatfirstwhenspottingthedanger?

A.Shecalledhermotherforhelp.B.Shemanagedtostopthecar.

C.Shejumpedoutofthecartohelp.D.Shedrovethecaroffbyherself.

6.HowdoesPorchiaLanefeelaboutherdaughter?

A.Relievedandproud.B.Suiprisedandconfused.

C.Worriedandregretful.D.Annoyedanddoubtful.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EducatingChildrenNeedsManySkills

B.NotAllKidsWerePayingAttentiontoYou

C.AGirlIsAlwaysReadytoHelpStrangers

D.ALittleGirlRescuedHerGreat-grandmother

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。8歲女孩MariahGaIIoWay多次觀察到她的母親和其他家庭成員開(kāi)車。本文主

要講述了Mariah冷靜地救了把車掛錯(cuò)檔的曾祖母的故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段uMariahGallowayhasobservedhermotherandotherfamilymembersdrivingacar

somanytimes.Sheknewjustwhattodowhenshewasinvolvedinascaryincidentrightinherowndriveway.

（MariahGalloway多次觀察到她的母親和其他家庭成員開(kāi)車。當(dāng)她在自己的車道上卷入一起可怕的事件

時(shí)，她知道該怎么辦）”可知，MariahGalloWay是通過(guò)觀察家人如何開(kāi)車后才知道在這起可怕的事件中該

怎么做的。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段aShejumpedintothefrontseatandquicklypulledthekeysfromtheignition（點(diǎn)火裝

置）,stoppingthecarinitstracks.（她跳到前排座位上，迅速拔出點(diǎn)火開(kāi)關(guān)上的鑰匙，使汽車停在軌道上）”

可知，MariahGalIoWay意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)后首先做的是停車。故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Shewasabletothinkfastandsheprobablywascalmerthanmeinthissituation

because1wouldhavebeencrazy,,,shetellsotherparents.14IjusttoldMariahtofollowherheartandmakeright

decisions."（“在這種情況下，她能夠快速思考，可能比我更冷靜，因?yàn)槲視?huì)瘋掉的，”她告訴其他父

母?！拔抑皇歉嬖V瑪麗亞要遵從她的內(nèi)心，做出正確的決定。"）”可推知，對(duì)于她的女兒，PorchiaLane

感到既安心又驕傲。故選A。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講的是一個(gè)小女孩救了她的曾祖母的故事。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“A

LittleGirlRescuedHerGreat-grandmother（一個(gè)小女孩救了她的曾祖母）”最能概括本文主旨。故選Do

C

AustraliarecentlydeclaredthekoalaanendangeredspeciesinQueensland,theAustralianCapitalTerritory,

andNewSouthWales（NSW）becauseofitsobviouspopulationdecline.InthestateofNSW,koalaconservation

hasbecomeakeytopicofdiscussioninthelead-uptothe25Marchstateelection.However,thedebatehasfocused

ontheexpansionofprotectedareasandignoredtheimportanceofkoalaconservationonprivatelands.

Themajorcauseofthekoala,sdecline——inadditiontoclimatechange,wildfires,disease,andencounterswith

vehiclesanddogs—isthelossanddegradation（退化）ofsuitablehabitat.Inresponse,theNSWGovernmenthas

expandedpubliclyprotectedareasinthestate.Overthepast20years—aboutthreekoalagenerations—NSWhas

officiallyconfirmedanadditional1.5millionhectares（公頃）ofprotectedland,someofwhichishigh-qualitykoala

habitat.

However,acrossQueensland,theAustralianCapitalTerritoryandNSW,77%ofthekoala,srangeislocated

onlandthatisownedorrentedbyprivatecitizensorbusinesses,wheredegradationcontinues.Between2003and

2020,agriculture,forestryandinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施developmenthaveledtotheactofcuttingdownorburning

thetreeswithin760,500hectareinNSW,includinginregionssuchastheCumberlandPlainandLiverpoolPlains,

wherekoalasareknowntolive.Suchdevelopmenthasreducedthegainsmadethroughnewprotectedareas.

ThecurrentNSWKoalaStrategyadoptsafreeapproachwithoutanyrestrictions,whichleavesprivate

landowners,rentersandindustryhavethepowertodecidewhatshouldbedoneinmuchofkoalahabitat

conservation.

Aneffectivekoalaconservationstrategymustincludeconservationmeasuresinprivateprotectedareas,such

aspaymentsforecosystemservices,inadditiontopubliclyprotectedareas.Inotherwords,post-electionagendas

muststrengthenprotectionofkoalahabitatsonprivatelands.

8.Whatdidthediscussionbeforethestateelectionfailtonotice?

A.Thevoiceoflocalcitizens.B.Theexpansionofprotectedareas.

C.Thedecreaseofkoalapopulation.D.Thekoalaconservationonprivatelands.

9.Thedecreaseinthenumberofkoalasisdueto.

A.theattackOfdiseasesB.thespreadingwildfires

C.theworseningoflivingenvironmentD.theconstantthreatsfromclimatechange

10.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?

A.Addsomebackgroundinformation.B.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

C.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D.Offersomeadviceforthegovernment.

11.Whafstheauthor,sattitudetothepresentNSWKoalaStrategy?

A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.

C.Tolerant.D.Unclear.

【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。澳大利亞最近宣布考拉為昆士蘭、澳大利亞首都領(lǐng)地和新南威爾士州的瀕危

物種，因?yàn)槠鋽?shù)量明顯下降。本文主要講了在私人土地上保護(hù)考拉的重要性。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"However,thedebatehasfocusedontheexpansionofprotectedareasandignored

theimportanceofkoalaconservationonprivateIandS.（然而，爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)是保護(hù)區(qū)的擴(kuò)大，而忽視了在私人

土地上保護(hù)考拉的重要性。）”可知，州選舉前的討論沒(méi)有注意到在私人土地上保護(hù)考拉。故選D。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Themajorcauseofthekoala,sdecline——inadditiontoclimatechange,wildfires,

disease,andencounterswithvehiclesanddogs——isthelossanddegradation（退化）ofsuitablehabitat.（除了氣候

變化、野火、疾病以及與車輛和狗的接觸之外，考拉數(shù)量減少的主要原因是合適棲息地的喪失和退

化。）”可推斷，考拉數(shù)量減少的原因是生存環(huán)境的惡化（包括氣候、野火等）。故選C。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段，尤其是uHowever,acrossQueensland,theAustralianCapitalTerritoryandNSW,

77%ofthekoala,srangeislocatedonlandthatisownedorrentedbyprivatecitizensorbusinesses,where

degradationcontinueso（然而，在昆士蘭州、澳大利亞首都領(lǐng)地和新南威爾士州，77%的考拉分布在私人

公民或企業(yè)擁有或租賃的土地上，退化仍在繼續(xù)。）”可推斷，本段主要是提供一些背景知識(shí)，即私人土

地上對(duì)于考拉保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀。故選A。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThecurrentNSWKoalaStrategyadoptsafreeapproachwithoutanyrestrictions,

whichleavesprivatelandowners,rentersandindustryhavethepowertodecidewhatshouldbedoneinmuchof

koalahabitatconservation.（目前的新南威爾士州考拉戰(zhàn)略采取了一一種沒(méi)有任何限制的自由方式，這使得私

人土地所有者、租房者和行業(yè)有權(quán)決定在大部分考拉棲息地保護(hù)中應(yīng)該做什么。）”以及最后一段“An

effectivekoalaconservationstrategymustincludeconservationmeasuresinprivateprotectedareas,suchas

paymentsforecosystemservices,inadditiontopubliclyprotectedareas.Inotherwords,post-electionagendas

muststrengthenprotectionofkoalahabitatsonprivateIandS.（有效的考拉保護(hù)戰(zhàn)略必須包括私人保護(hù)區(qū)的保

護(hù)措施，如支付生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)費(fèi)，以及公共保護(hù)區(qū)。換句話說(shuō)，選舉后的議程必須加強(qiáng)對(duì)私人土地上考

拉棲息地的保護(hù)。）”可推斷，作者對(duì)目前的新南威爾士州考拉戰(zhàn)略持反對(duì)的態(tài)度。故選B。

D

Giventhatstresscanadverselyaffecthumanhealthandwell-being,includingcausinghighbloodpressureand

increasingtheriskofheartdisease,itisessentialtounderstandourindividualresponsestostressandidentify

potentialfactorsthatcanactaseffectivestressbuffers（緩沖）.

Inthepaper,whichwasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofPsychophysiologyyBrianLeavy,BrendaH.

O,Connell,andDeirdreO,Sheaproposethat,althoughthepreviousresearchsuggeststhatgratitudeandaffect

balanceplaykeystress-bufferingroles,todate,littlehasbeenknownabouttheimpactofthesevariableson

CardiOVaSCUlar（心血管的）recoveryfromacute（急性的）psychologicalstress.

ThatwasthefocusofthestudybytheresearchersfromtheUniversitiesofMaynoothandLimerickinIreland,

whoalsosoughttofindoutwhetheraffectbalancecouldregulatetherelationshipbetweengratitudeand

cardiovascularreactionstoacutepsychologicalstress.

TheresearchcarriedoutattheIrishUniversityofMaynoothinvolved68undergraduatestudents（24maleand

44female）,agedbetween18and27.Thisstudyusedawithin-subjectsexperimentaldesignwithlabtasksinwhich

stresswasputonparticipantsandthencardiovascularreactivityandrecoveryinresponsetothiswasmeasured.

Theresultsshowedthatthestateofgratitudepredictedlowerbloodpressureresponsesthroughoutthestress-

testingperiod,whichmeansthatthestateofgratitudehasauniquestress-bufferingeffectonbothreactionstoand

recoveryfromacutepsychologicalstress.Itwasalsofoundthataffectbalanceincreasestheeffectsofgratitude.

Thesefindingshavepracticalvalueasthereareseverallow-costgratitudemethodswhichcancontributeto

well-being,includingkeepingagratitudejournalandpractisingactsofkindness.Previousresearchhasshownhow

patientswhomakeuseofgratitudejournalshavebettercardiovascularoutcomesthanthosewhodonot.Another

tooltohelpindividualsexpressgratitudeisagratitudecard,whichisoneofthesuggestionsfromMentalHealth

America（MHA）.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"adversely"inparagraph1mean?

A.Unfavorably.B.Creatively.C.Barely.D.Fortunately.

13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Anewconcept.B.Resultcomparisons.

C.Theproblemsofanexpert,sresearch.D.Thefocusofthestudy.

14.Whichisafindingoftheresearch?

A.Theeffectsofgratitudeareoftenage-related.

B.Gratitudecontributestolowerbloodpressure.

C.Affectbalancereducestheeffectsofgratitude.

D.Acutepsychologicalstressisdifficulttorelieve.

15.WhatcanWelearnfromthetext?

ATheresultsofthestudyarenotreliable.

B.Themethodsofgratitudecomeatahighcost.

C.MHA,sadviceisconfirmedefiectivebytheresearch.

D.Theresearchershaveproposednewwaystoexpressgratitude.

【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。愛(ài)爾蘭梅努思大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究表明，感恩狀態(tài)和情感平衡對(duì)急性心理壓力的

反應(yīng)和恢復(fù)都有獨(dú)特的壓力緩沖作用。

【12題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后uaffecthumanhealthandwell-being,includingcausinghighbloodpressureand

increasingtheriskofheartdisease（影響人類健康和福祉，包括導(dǎo)致高血壓和增加患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可推

斷，畫(huà)線詞adverSely的意思是“不利地”，即壓力會(huì)給人帶來(lái)不利的影響。A.Unfavorably.不利地；B.

CreatiVeIy.創(chuàng)造性地；C.Barely.僅僅；幾乎；D.FOrtUnateIy.幸運(yùn)地。故adversely和Unfavorably最為接

近。故選A。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthepaper,whichwasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofPsychophysiology,

BrianLeavy,BrendaH.O,Connell,andDeirdreO,Sheaproposethat,althoughthepreviousresearchsuggeststhat

gratitudeandaffectbalanceplaykeystress-bufferingroles,todate,littlehasbeenknownabouttheimpactof

thesevariablesonCardiOVaSCUIar（心血管的）recoveryfromacute（急性的）psychologicalStreSS.（在最近發(fā)表在

《心理生理學(xué)雜志》上的這篇論文中,BrianLeaVy、BrendaH.0,Connell和DeirdreO'Shea提出，盡管之

前的研究表明感恩和情感平衡發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵的壓力緩沖作用，但到目前為止，人們對(duì)這些變量對(duì)急性心理

壓力下心血管恢復(fù)的影響知之甚少）”可知，第二段主要講的是研究的重點(diǎn)一一這些變量對(duì)急性心理壓力

下心血管恢復(fù)的影響。故選D。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theresultsshowedthatthestateofgratitudepredictedlowerbloodpressure

responsesthroughoutthestress-testingperiod,whichmeansthatthestateofgratitudehasauniquestress-

bufferingeffectonbothreactionstoandrecoveιyfromacutepsychologicalStreSS.（結(jié)果表明，在整個(gè)壓力測(cè)試

期間，感恩狀態(tài)可以預(yù)測(cè)較低的血壓反應(yīng)，這意味著感恩狀態(tài)對(duì)急性心理壓力的反應(yīng)和恢復(fù)都有獨(dú)特的

壓力緩沖作用）”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)感恩有助于降低血壓。故選B。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Theresultsshowedthatthestateofgratitudepredictedlowerbloodpressure

responsesthroughoutthestress-testingperiod,whichmeansthatthestateofgratitudehasauniquestress-

bufferingeffectonbothreactionstoandrecoveryfromacutepsychologicalStreSS.（結(jié)果表明，在整個(gè)壓力測(cè)試

期間，感恩狀態(tài)可以預(yù)測(cè)較低的血壓反應(yīng)，這意味著感恩狀態(tài)對(duì)急性心理壓力的反應(yīng)和恢復(fù)都有獨(dú)特的

壓力緩沖作用）”及最后一段“Anolhertooltohelpindividualsexpressgratitudeisagratitudecard,whichis

oneofthesuggestionsfromMentalHealthAmerica（MHA）.（另一個(gè)幫助個(gè)人表達(dá)感激之情的工具是感恩卡，

這是美國(guó)心理健康協(xié)會(huì)（MHA）的建議之一）”可推斷，美國(guó)心理健康協(xié)會(huì)提出的表達(dá)感恩的建議對(duì)于降

低血壓是有效的。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

HowtoInterpretCrossedArms

Knowinghowtointerpretbodylanguageisessentialtofullycomprehendingwhatsomeoneistryingtosay.

Butwhenitcomestocrossedarms,howdoweinterpretthem?Docrossedarmsmeansomeoneisangry?Afraid?

Closedoff?16We,vecollectedalistofthembelow.

Stressorinsecurity

Whensomeoneisfeelinguncomfortableduringaconversation,orwhenthepersontheyaretalkingtosays

somethingthatcausestheiranxiety,theymaycrosstheirarms.17

Angerordefensiveness

Youmightseesomeonecrosstheirarmswhentheyhearsomethingthatmakesthemangryorupset,orwhen

theydisagreewithwhat,sbeingsaid.18Evenifsomeonesays,??Oh,interesting,goon“，crossedarms

suggesttheymaynotreallyacceptoragreewithwhatthey,rehearing.

Determinationorarrogance（傲慢）

19Crossingtheirarmsovertheirchestsmayconveydeterminationorarrogance.Whatelseistheir

bodydoing?Determinationoraιτogancemightbeaccompaniedbybrighteyesorafalsesmile.Ifyouwantto

displaypowerorconfidenceinadebate,trytoavoidcrossingyourarms,asitmaymakeyouseemmorearrogant

thanconfident.

Practicalreasons

Ifyou,respeakingtosomeoneanditseemslikeit,sgoingwell,butthentheycrosstheirarms,don,tthinktoo

muchaboutit.20Orperhapsthey,resittinginanarmlesschairandneedtocrosstheirarmstosupport

theirshoulders.

A.Theymaybehuggingtheirbodytokeepwarm.

B.There,smorethanonewaytointerpretcrossedarms.

CMirrorhowtheinterviewersitsanddon,tcrossyourarms.

D.Essentially,bycrossingtheirarms,theyarecomfortingthemselves.

E.Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage.

EYoumightseepeopleengagedinadebatefoldingtheirarmstotheirchests.

G.Crossingtheirarmsisawaytocreateabarrierbetweenthemandthespeakers.

【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是如何解讀雙臂交叉。

【16題詳解】

空前說(shuō)“Butwhenitcomestocrossedarms,howdoWeinterpretthem?Docrossedarmsmeansomeoneis

angry?Afraid?Ck）Sedoff?（但說(shuō)到雙臂交叉，我們?cè)撊绾卫斫饽?？雙臂交叉意味著某人生氣了嗎？害怕

嗎？封閉嗎？）”，這說(shuō)明解讀不止一種,B選項(xiàng)αThere,smorethanonewaytointerpretcrossedarms.（W?F

止一種方式來(lái)解釋雙臂交叉。）”說(shuō)明了雙臂交叉不止有一種解讀方法，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選

Bo

【17題詳解】

空前說(shuō)“Whensomeoneisfeelinguncomfortableduringaconversation,orwhenthepersontheyaretalkingto

sayssomethingthatcausestheiranxiety,theymaycrosstheirarms.（當(dāng)某人在談話中感到不舒服，或者當(dāng)他們

交談的人說(shuō)了一些讓他們焦慮的話時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)交叉雙臂。）”,這說(shuō)明他們雙臂交叉有助于緩解他們

的焦慮，起到安慰的作用，D選項(xiàng)uEssentially,bycrossingtheirarms,theyarecomfortingthemselves.（從本

質(zhì)上講，他們交叉雙臂是在安慰自己。）”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

18題詳解】

空前說(shuō)“Youmightseesomeonecrosstheirarmswhentheyhearsomethingthatmakesthemangryorupset,or

whentheydisagreewithwhat,sbeingsaid.（你可能會(huì)看到有人在聽(tīng)到讓他們生氣或沮喪的事情時(shí)交叉雙臂，

或者當(dāng)他們不同意別人所說(shuō)的話時(shí)。）”，空格處要解釋雙臂交叉在這種情況下所起的作用，G選項(xiàng)

aCrossingtheirarmsisawaytocreateabarrierbetweenthemandtheSPeakerS.（交叉雙臂是在他們和說(shuō)話者

之間制造障礙的一種方式。）”詮釋了雙臂交叉的作用，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

空后說(shuō)aCrossingtheirarmsovertheirchestsmayconveydeterminationorarrogance.（雙臂交叉在胸前可能傳

達(dá)出決心或傲慢。）”，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)明什么時(shí)候會(huì)看到人用雙臂交叉來(lái)傳達(dá)決心，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)"Youmightsee

peopleengagedinadebatefoldingtheirarmstotheirCheStS.（你可能會(huì)看到人們?cè)谵q論中把手臂放在胸

前。）”說(shuō)明了用雙臂交叉來(lái)傳達(dá)決心的場(chǎng)景，且句式和上一段的“Y。UmightSee…”一致，因此符合語(yǔ)

境，故選F。

【20題詳解】

空前說(shuō)"Ifyou,respeakingtosomeoneanditseemslikeit,sgoingwell,butthentheycrosstheirarms,don,t

thinkto。muchaboutit.（如果你正在和某人說(shuō)話，看起來(lái)很順利，但后來(lái)他們交叉著手臂，不要想太

多。）”，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)他們實(shí)際上是什么意思，A選項(xiàng)"Theymaybehuggingtheirbodytokeepwarm.（他

們可能會(huì)抱著自己的身體來(lái)保暖。）”說(shuō)明了他們只是在保曖，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Teachingisnotaneasyjob.Asidefrom21kids,theyalsoneedtotrytheirbesttomakeadifference

ineverychild.

Greatteachershavetheabilityto22studentsinwaysotherscan,t.Theyhelp23their

students5eyes,24themthingsthattheycouldn,tseethemselves,andmovepastwhatisconsidered

“impossible”.

AsaformerparoleOfhCer（假釋官），Marilynhadwitnessedmany25lifecircumstancesthatchildren

wereexperiencingasaresultoftheir26beinginprison.Thatiswhyshefeltthe27tochange

hercareerandlifepaths.

InJanuary,2000,Marilyn28thefctHeaIingtheChildWithin”programforchildrenwhoseparentsare

inprisonatM.B.SmileyHighSchoolinHouston,Texas.Inaddition,shecreatedtheprogram“NoMoreVictims”

inHouston,whichisanhour-longclassthat29creatingasaferschoolenvironmentandreducingcrime

anddrugabuseon30.

Overtheyears,Marilynhassavedhundredsoflivesasshehas3Jconfidenceinherstudentsand

empoweredthemtoturntheir32around.ManyofherstudentsrecognizeMarilynasthe33

thatappearedattherightmomentandchangedtheirlivesforthe34.Therehavebeenmanyspecial

featurestoriesaboutherwork.Furthermore,in2005GambrelΓsstory4TightingtheOdds“becameamovieonthe

LifetimeTVnetwork.Eventoday,shestillcontinuestoguidenew_____35___towardssuccess.

21.A.criticizingB.educatingC.examiningD.dominating

22.A.advertiseB.restrictC.abandonD.inspire

23.A.openB.close