新教材高中英語學(xué)案Unit4第二課時(shí)Usinglanguage

第二課時(shí)UsinglanguageⅠ.詞匯初探1．balletn．芭蕾舞劇2．edyn．喜劇3．plotn.情節(jié)4．a(chǎn)pplaudvi.&vt.鼓掌歡迎；贊賞→applausen.鼓掌5．gratefuladj.感激的；表示謝意的→thankful(同義詞)6．extremeadj.極度的→extremelyadv.極其；非常7．overevt.&vi.戰(zhàn)勝；克服→overcame(過去式)→8．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心→absorbingadj.吸引人的→absorbedadj.被吸引的，全神貫注的9．a(chǎn)bsoluteadj.絕對的；完全的→absolutelyadv.絕對地；完全地10．a(chǎn)ppealvi.有感染力；呼吁；求助vt.將……上訴n.呼吁；懇求→appealingadj.有吸引力的；懇求的11．definitelyadv.確切地；肯定地→definiteadj.明確的；清楚的→definitionn．釋義；定義12．rudeadj.粗魯?shù)模粺o禮的→rudelyadv.粗魯?shù)亍鷕udenessn.無禮；粗魯13．transportn.運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸vt.運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)送→transportationn.運(yùn)輸14．a(chǎn)rrangevt.籌備；安排；整理→arrangementn.整理；安排Ⅱ.短語互譯1．be_absorbed_in全神貫注于2．stay_up熬夜3．give_up放棄4．put_on上演5．a(chǎn)wasteof浪費(fèi)6．takeplace發(fā)生7．thenumberof……的數(shù)量Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．Theteacherwasverystrict,makingmesonervousthatIwouldforgetmylines.老師很嚴(yán)格，讓我很緊張，以至于忘記臺(tái)詞。2．It'sanunforgettableexperience.Nopain,nogain,asthesayinggoes.這是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。俗話說，一分耕耘，一分收獲。3．Ican'twaittogoagain!我迫不及待地要再去了！4．Manyfamousbandshaveperformedatthefestivalovertheyears，andthenumberofpeopleattendinghasgrowntoabout200,000.多年來，許多著名樂隊(duì)都在音樂節(jié)上演出，參加的人數(shù)已增至20萬人左右。Ⅳ.語法初探用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.2．ManyChinesebrands,having_developed(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.3．Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.4．Theparkwasfullofpeople,enjoying(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.5．Finding(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.6．Thelecturehaving_been_given(give),alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.1eq\a\vs4\al(performvt.&vi.表演；履行；執(zhí)行)[教材原句]TodayIperformedintheschoolplay.Ididagoodjob!(P41)今天我在學(xué)校的話劇里表演。我演得很好！[歸納拓展](1)performone'sduty/promise盡責(zé)任/履行諾言performanexperiment進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)performwell/badly表現(xiàn)得好/壞(2)performancen.表演；演奏；表現(xiàn)；執(zhí)行g(shù)ive/putonaperformance表演；演出aliveperformance現(xiàn)場演出(3)performern.表演者；演奏者[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子/單句語法填空①You'dbetterperform_your_promisethatyouwillfinishyourtaskontime.你最好履行你按時(shí)完成任務(wù)的承諾。②Theaudiencewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformance(perform)．③Onceperformed(perform),theworksofBeethovenmustattractallthepeoplepresentattheconcert.2eq\a\vs4\al(applaudvt.為……鼓掌；稱贊；贊成)[教材原句]Seeingallmyfamilyandfriendsintheaudienceapplaudme，Ifeltsoconfidentandgrateful.(P41)看到觀眾席上我所有的家人和朋友都為我鼓掌，我感到非常自信和感激。[歸納拓展](1)applaudsth./sb.為某事/某人鼓掌applaudsb.forsth.因某事而贊揚(yáng)某人applaudthedecision贊成某個(gè)決定(2)applausen.鼓掌；喝彩loud/thunderousapplause響亮的/雷鳴般的掌聲[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子/單句語法填空①Acrowdof300supporterswarmlyapplauded_her_speech.300名支持者為她的演講熱烈鼓掌。②Sheshouldbeapplaudedforherhonesty.③Shegotaroundofapplause(applaud)whenshefinished.3eq\a\vs4\al(gratefuladj.感激的；表示謝意的)[教材原句]Seeingallmyfamilyandfriendsintheaudienceapplaudme，Ifeltsoconfidentandgrateful.(P41)看到觀眾席上我所有的家人和朋友都為我鼓掌，我感到非常自信和感激。[歸納拓展](1)begratefultosb.forsth.因某事感激某人begratefultodo...因做……而感激begratefulthat...感激……I/Wewouldbegratefulifyoucoulddo...如果你能做……，我(們)將感激不盡。(2)gratituden.感謝；感激之情[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Iamextremelygrateful_toalltheteachersfortheirhelp.我非常感激所有老師的幫助。②Iamgratefulto_hear_(that)youhaveputinagoodwordformyson.聽說你替我兒子美言，我很感激。③Iwould_be_grateful_if_you_couldgivemeakindconsideration.如果你能考慮我的話，我將不勝感激。4eq\a\vs4\al(overevt.&vi.戰(zhàn)勝，克服)[教材原句]Butthankstothesupportofmyteacher，parentsandfriends,Iovercamemyfears，knowingthatIdidthebestIcould.(P41)但多虧了老師、家長和朋友的支持，我克服了恐懼，知道自己已經(jīng)盡力了。[歸納拓展]beovereby/with為……壓倒/制服overetheenemies戰(zhàn)勝敵人overefear/difficulty克服恐懼/困難[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Followhistips，andyouwillovere_your_exam_anxiety.采納他的建議，你會(huì)克服你的考試焦慮癥。②Finally，hewas_overe_with/bymuchworktodealwith.最終，他被很多工作壓得喘不過氣來。5eq\a\vs4\al(absorbedadj.專心致志的)[教材原句]Assoonasthecurtainrose,Iwasabsorbed.(P41)幕布一升起，我就全神貫注。[歸納拓展](1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人注意absorb...from...從……中吸收……(2)absorbedadj.聚精會(huì)神的；專心致志的；極感興趣的beabsorbedby/into被……吞并；被……所吸收beabsorbedin全神貫注于[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語法填空①JustnowIsawhimsittingunderthetree,absorbed(absorb)inhisvideogames.②Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.6eq\a\vs4\al(appealingadj.有吸引力的；有趣的)[教材原句]Leopardsaresuchappealingcreatures.(P42)豹子是如此吸引人的動(dòng)物。[歸納拓展](1)appealto(對某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感興趣appealtosb.forsth./todosth.對……有吸引力；向某人呼吁/懇求……appealfor懇求；呼吁(2)make/launchanappealtosb.向某人發(fā)出呼吁[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語法填空①Theideaoflivingabroaddonotappealtoeverybody.②Wemadeanappealtothevillagersformoneytobuildthebridge.③Weshouldappealtopeopleto_save(save)thingsthatthenatureofferstousaswell.④HarryPorterstoriesaresoappealing(appeal)thattheyencouragechildrentoreadmore.7eq\a\vs4\al(arrangementn.安排；籌劃)[教材原句]NowtalkabouthowJoshmakesarrangements.(P43)現(xiàn)在談?wù)剢滔Ｊ窃趺窗才诺摹歸納拓展](1)etoanarrangement談妥；達(dá)成協(xié)議makearrangementsfor為……做好準(zhǔn)備；為……做好安排makeanarrangementwith與……商定或約好；和……達(dá)成協(xié)議；做好準(zhǔn)備；做出安排(2)arrangev.安排；排列；分類；整理；協(xié)調(diào)；改編arrangebooks把書整理好arrangetodosth.安排去做某事arrangeamarriage籌備一場婚禮arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排某人/某物做某事[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子/單句語法填空①Davearranged_for_someone_to_drivehimhome.戴夫安排人開車送他回家。②Hemadearrangements(arrange)forhisfather'sbirthdayparty.1eq\a\vs4\al(giveup停止；放棄)[教材原句]Feelingextremelydiscouraged，Ialmostgaveup.(P41)我感到非常氣餒，幾乎放棄了。[歸納拓展]giveaway贈(zèng)送；泄露；出賣；放棄(機(jī)會(huì)等)giveback歸還givein屈服；讓步；投降；呈交giveout送出；分發(fā)；用完；耗盡；精疲力竭giveoff發(fā)出(光、熱、氣、味等)[即時(shí)鞏固]用give短語的適當(dāng)形式填空①Hiswifefinallypersuadedhimtogive_upsmoking.②Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgave_out.③Thisisaveryspecialfloweranditcangive_offastrongsweetperfumeatnight.④Theargumentwentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgave_in.⑤Thecouplegave_awaymostoftheirfortunetothepoorintheirsmalltown.2eq\a\vs4\al(puton穿上；表演)[教材原句]Eachofthecontestantsputonawonderfulperformance.(P42)每個(gè)參賽者的表演都很精彩。[歸納拓展]putaway儲(chǔ)存(錢)；將……收起putaside儲(chǔ)蓄；存……備用；節(jié)省(時(shí)間、錢)putforward提出(意見、建議)putdown記下；鎮(zhèn)壓putoff推遲；延期putout熄滅；撲滅putup舉起；張貼；搭建；提供(食宿)putupwith忍受；容忍[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestion,pleaseput_upyourhands.那些知道這個(gè)問題答案的人請舉手。②Thesportsmeetinghasbeenput_offbecauseofthebadweather.由于糟糕的天氣，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)已被推遲。③Marycanput_downalmosteverywordherteachersays.瑪麗幾乎能記下老師說的每一個(gè)字。3eq\a\vs4\al(takeplace發(fā)生；舉辦；舉行)[教材原句]Datingbacktothe1970s，GlastonburyFestivalisamusicandartsfestivalthattakesplaceonalargefarminSomersetinSouth-westEngland.(P43)格拉斯頓伯里音樂節(jié)可以追溯到20世紀(jì)70年代，是在英格蘭薩默塞特郡的西南部一個(gè)大型農(nóng)場舉行的音樂和藝術(shù)節(jié)。[歸納拓展]takeone'splace＝taketheplaceofsb.代替某人inplaceof代替；取代inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng)[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Afterthefireintheshop,Tomtook_the_place_ofthemanager.在商店大火后，湯姆接替了經(jīng)理的職務(wù)。②Asweallknow,the32ndSummerOlympicswilltake_placeinTokyoin2020.眾所周知，第32屆夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)將于2020年在東京舉行。③Wecanuseplasticsin_place_ofwoodormetal.我們可用塑料代替木材或金屬。eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())It'sanunforgettableexperience.Nopain,nogain,asthesayinggoes.(P41)這是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。俗話說，一分耕耘，一分收獲。[句式分析]asthesayinggoes為as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，代指整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。[歸納拓展]as引導(dǎo)定語從句：(1)引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，用在固定搭配such...as,thesame...as等中。(2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代主句的內(nèi)容，在從句中作主語或賓語，as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的常見搭配：asweallknow眾所周知asoftenhappens正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣asweexpect正如我們預(yù)料的那樣asyoucansee如你所見ashasbeensaidabove如上所述asisoftenthecase這是常有的asthesayinggoes常言道[名師點(diǎn)津]as,which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：(1)as引導(dǎo)的從句可置于主句前，而which則不能；(2)as引導(dǎo)的從句，有“正如……”之意，而which則沒有；(3)as在從句中作主語時(shí)，謂語中一般有系動(dòng)詞be，否則用which；(4)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主句造成的結(jié)果時(shí)，用which。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子/單句語法填空①As_is_known_to_all,_thePeople'sRepublicofChinaisthebiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.眾所周知，中華人民共和國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家。②As_the_saying_goes,_“Agoodbeginningishalfthebattle.”常言道，良好的開端是成功的一半。③Hermannerandattitudestowardshimwerequitethesameastheyhadalwaysbeen.④Asismentionedabove,wehaveagoodmanyproblemstosolveatpresent.⑤Hewonagoldmedal,whichmadehisfamilyproud.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Ican'twaittogoagain！P41,我迫不及待地要再去了！)[句式分析]can'twait/canhardlyeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(waittodosth.,waitforsth.))迫不及待地要做某事[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Whenthetermisingtoanend，manystudentscan't_wait_to_havetheirvacation.當(dāng)學(xué)期就要結(jié)束時(shí)，很多學(xué)生迫不及待地要休假。②Theboyhurriedhomeandcouldn'twaitto_openthepresentthathismotherhadboughtforhim.男孩匆忙趕到家，迫不及待地打開媽媽給他買的禮物。eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Manyfamousbandshaveperformedatthefestivalovertheyears，andthenumberofpeopleattendinghasgrowntoabout200，000.P43,多年來，許多著名樂隊(duì)都在音樂節(jié)上演出，參加的人數(shù)已增至20萬人左右。)[句式分析]thenumberof意為“……的數(shù)量”，后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)該短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。[歸納拓展](1)a(large/small/certain)numberof/numbersof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)大量的/少量的/一定量的……(作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式)(2)thenumberof＋名詞……的數(shù)量(作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式)[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子/單句語法填空①A_number_ofteachersarepresenttoday,andthe_number_ofthemis300.許多教師今天都出席了，有300人。②Anumberofstudentsare_planting(plant)treesonthehillnow.③Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis(be)50.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語一、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的用法及分類1．現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、方式或伴隨等。現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語必須是句子的主語，必須和句中的主語含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，否則不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。Hearingthenoise,Iturnedround.＝WhenIheardthenoise,Iturnedround.聽到響聲我轉(zhuǎn)過身去。2．作原因狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句，也可以放在句首。Beingpoor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.＝Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.由于貧窮，他買不起一臺(tái)電視機(jī)。3．作條件狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作條件狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Workinghard,you'llcertainlysucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard,you'llcertainlysucceed.只要努力學(xué)習(xí)你肯定會(huì)成功的。4．作結(jié)果狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，通常放在句末，中間用逗號隔開，表示一種順其自然、意料之中的結(jié)果。Thefirelastedawholenight,causinggreatdamage.大火持續(xù)了一整夜，造成了巨大損失。[名師點(diǎn)津]現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，是隨著謂語動(dòng)詞的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果，其邏輯主語往往是前面整個(gè)句子所描述的情況，前面有時(shí)候可以加thus。而不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，常用onlytodo結(jié)構(gòu)，其被動(dòng)形式為onlytobedone。Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchacold.被雨淋后他感冒了。Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofinditwasSunday.我匆忙趕到學(xué)校，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)是星期天。5．作讓步、方式和伴隨狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作讓步、方式和伴隨狀語時(shí)，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景和情況。作伴隨狀語時(shí)，表示分詞的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，此時(shí)它可轉(zhuǎn)換成并列句。Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.＝Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.瑪麗坐在教室的窗邊讀書。二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語注意事項(xiàng)1．現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，要注意分詞的時(shí)間性，是用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式(doing)，還是用完成式(havingdone)。(1)當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用分詞的一般式。Walkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.我正在大街上走著時(shí)，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和謂語動(dòng)詞met同時(shí)發(fā)生)(2)當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作先發(fā)生，而謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作后發(fā)生時(shí)，用分詞的完成式。Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.他寫完信后就把它寄了出去。(havingfinished是先發(fā)生的，went是后發(fā)生的)2．現(xiàn)在分詞的語態(tài)使用現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)式還是被動(dòng)式，這主要取決于現(xiàn)在分詞和句子主語之間的關(guān)系。句子的主語就是分詞的邏輯主語。Havingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.(現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式)被帶領(lǐng)著參觀了工廠后，他們很高興。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.(現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)式)完成了作業(yè)后，他上床睡覺了。3．現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式not＋v.-ing;nothaving＋v.-edNotknowingthis,hedidn'te.他不知道這件事，所以沒來。Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.因?yàn)闆]有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，我們把運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)延期了。4．獨(dú)立主格現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，有時(shí)也可以有自己獨(dú)立的主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，通常用來表示伴隨的動(dòng)作或情況，也可以表示時(shí)間、原因或條件。Thetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90metres.那些樹非常高，其中一些高達(dá)90多米。Theweatherbeingfine,wewentoutforawalk.由于天氣好，我們?nèi)ド⒉搅?．現(xiàn)在分詞作評注性狀語有些現(xiàn)在分詞在句中沒有邏輯主語，它們往往作為句子的評注性狀語來修飾整個(gè)句子，表明說話者的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等，例如：generallyspeaking“一般來說”，judgingby/from“從……判斷”，takingeverythingintoconsideration“從全盤考慮”。Judgingfromhisbehaviour,hemustbemad.從他的行為來判斷，他一定是瘋了。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremoreinterestedinliteraturethanboys.一般來說，女孩比男孩對文學(xué)更感興趣。[即時(shí)鞏固]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Notpleting(plete)theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.②Gathering(gather)allhiscourage,heinvitedtheladytogetoffthetrainwithhim.③Aheartylaughrelievesphysicaltension,leaving(leave)yourmusclesrelaxedforoverhalfanhour.④Whilewaiting(wait)forthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.⑤Using(use)yourhead,youwillfindaway.⑥Having_eaten(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn'twanttoeatthereagain.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theaudienceapplauded(為……鼓掌)herforthewonderfulspeech.2．Weweresograteful(感激的)tohimforthehelphehadofferedtous.3．Thelearnerofasecondlanguagehasmanydifficultiestoovere(克服)．4．Theideaofnothavingtogetupearlyeverymorningisratherappealing(有吸引力的)