2023-2024學(xué)年河北省保定市定州市高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023-2024學(xué)年河北省保定市定州市高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。AFourArtStudyAbroadProgramsin2024Whetheryoulovearthistory，dance，photography，writing，orbeyond，herearethetopartprogramstoattendin2024.

The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly|ArtHistoryAbroad

Programlength：6weeksinsummer

Price：＄10，000

Ifyou'reinterestedinstudyingartists，criticism，andpaintingtechniquesduringperiodsliketheRenaissanceandstyleslikebaroque，Romanesque，andmodernart，thenthisprogramisforyou.Itpridesitselfonnotsimplyteachingartbutalsocultureandanappreciationofbeauty.

CreativeInternships（實(shí)習(xí)）inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiative

Programlength：1month

Price：＄3，250

Ifyou'veeverhadaninterestinpursuingacareerinthecreativeindustry，consideraninternshipopportunitywithArtBoundInitiative.Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.

TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYear

Programlength：Isemester

Price：＄17，000

ExploreyourownareasofinterestasyouworksidebysidewithlocalIrishartists，photographers，writers，andmusicians，learningaboutIreland'srichculturalandartisticheritage.Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries，museums，andcastles，andattheend，you'llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo.

CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgePrograms

Programlength：1semester

Price：＄16，500

Whetheryou'reacompletebeginneroranexperiencedperformerorartist，yourinterestsandtalentswillbenurturedbyindustryprofessionals.Duringyourtimehere，youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.1.Whereshouldyougotoobtaincareerguidanceaccordingtothetext？______A.France. B.Australia. C.Italy. D.Ireland.2.Whichprogramenablesparticipantstodisplaytheirworks？______A.The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly.

B.CreativeInternshipsinAustraliawithABI.

C.TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram.

D.CreativeSemesterinFrance.3.Howmuchshouldanartistpaytoimprovehisperformingskills？______A.＄3，250. B.＄10，000. C.＄16，500. D.＄17，000.BLotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports，butJosephD'AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs.The9-year-oldfromNewington，Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow-whichisaboutbaseball，basketballandothersports-withhisdad，MikeD'Avirro，sinceSeptember2019.

TheD'AvirrosstartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied，whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.Thentheideacametohim.Sofar，theyhavedoneabout50programs.Joseph'sfavoriteiswhenthefather-and-sonteaminterviewedJimCalhoun，thecoachleadingtheConnecticutHuskiestothreenationaltitles.Theyhavealsointerviewedimportantsportsauthors.

Thefatherandsonmakeaboutone30-to40-minutepodcasteachmonth.Theyprepareforthepodcastsbydecidingonthequestionstheywanttoasktheguest.Josephaskshalfofthequestions，andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork，butJosephsaysitis"alotmorefunthanhomework".Josephhasalsolearnedtospeakupandspeakclearly.Hehastolistenandtogowiththeflowoftheconversation.Forexample，hesaid，"Iftheguestistalkingaboutsportsinthe1990s，youhavetothinkaboutsportsinthe1990s."

Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow，heanswered，"Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs."Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup-tobeasportsplayer，asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams，butJosephisalreadylivingadream：talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.4.WhatisJoseph'sshowabout？______A.Sometalkshowsonsports.

B.Waystogetalongwithparents.

C.Storiesaboutfamoussportsplayers.

D.Sportsthathisfamilylovesplaying.5.WhatinspiredMiketostarttheshowwithhisson？______A.Hisson'stalentforsports.

B.Hiswishtobeahostsincecollege.

C.Thedeathsofhiscollegeroommates.

D.Theencouragementfromhisroommates.6.WhatdoesJosephthinkofmemorizinghisquestions？______A.It'sasboringashomework.

B.It'schallengingtohisbrain.

C.It'smoreinterestingthanhomework.

D.Ittakesalotoftimebutmeansalot.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.Arisingsportsbroadcaster B.Alongroadtogotosuccess

C.JosephD'Avirro'sbigdream D.Thefather-and-sonteamhostsCInthenorthernmostedgeofColombiasitsthecoastaltownofAcandi.Accesstothetownisonlybywaterorair；thereisnoroadthatleadsthere.Theresidentstherearefacedwiththestrugglesofbalancinglivelihoodswhileprotectingbiodiversity.

Inthepast，traditionalcommunityfishingmethods，passeddownbytheelders，focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.However，theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels（拖網(wǎng)漁船）decadesagograduallydepletedthearea'sfishingresources，leadingtodamagetomarine（海洋的）lifeseriously.

JesusAntonioJulioCuestas，whoservesintheregion'sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources，stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques."Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources，"saysCuestas.HeandotherofficialsactivelymonitorfishingactivitiesinAcandi.Eachmorning，theyvisitthefishmarketstogatherdataonfisheryresources-includingpricesandsizes-tomonitorthestateofthelocalfishingindustry.

AlongwithCuestas，thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices，theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing."Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles，"explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.

ThismarinereserveinAcandi，Cuestasbelieves，istheirgreatesttreasure.Heattachesgreatimportancetoworkingtogetherwithlocalresidentstoimprovethequalityoflifewhilepreservingthemarineecosystem.Bydoingso，heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers，suchasengineersorlawyers，proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandi.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"depleted"inparagraph2mean？______A.Reused. B.Restored. C.Explored. D.Reduced.9.WhydoesJulioCuestascallfornewfishingtechniques？______A.Tocutdownonthecostsoffishing.

B.Toimprovetheincomeoflocalresidents.

C.Topromotethewell-beingofmarinewildlife.

D.Tospreadtraditionalcommunityfishingmethods.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Theeffortstopreservemarineecosystem.

B.Theaimofthechangestofishingmethods.

C.Theresultsthetrawlnetshavebroughtabout.

D.Theimpactoffishersonthelocalenvironment.11.WhatisJulioCuestas'sattitudetowardsAcandi'sfuture？______A.Uncaring. B.Confident. C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.DLossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia（癡呆），accordingtoanewstudy.

"Wefoundthatagingwasassociatedwithadeclineintheamountofthedeepeststagesofsleep，knownasslow-wavesleep.Wethenfoundthatpeoplewithgreaterdeclinesinslow-wavesleepovertimehadahigherriskofgettingdementiaoverthenext17yearsoffollow-up，"saidMatthewPase，seniorauthorofthestudy.

Slow-wavesleepisthethirdandfourthstagesofsleep，whichisimportantforbrainhealth.Duringthisstage，thebodyremovesunwantedorharmfulmaterialsfromthebrain."Forthebrain，thisdeepsleepisthoughttobethemostrestorative，"saidDrRichardIsaacson，whowasn'tinvolvedinthestudy.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherchronic（慢性的）reductionsinslow-wavesleepovertimearelinkedtodementiariskinhumansandwhetherdementia-relatedprocessesinthebrainmaycontributetogettinglessofthistypeofsleep.Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies-onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001-duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.Bythattime，52participantshadbeendiagnosedwithdementia.Eachpercentagedecreaseinslow-wavesleepperyearwaslinkedtoa27percentincreasedriskofdevelopingdementia.Therateofslow-wavesleeplossaccelerated（加速）fromage60，peakedfromages75to80andslowedafterwards.

"Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson'sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia，"Isaacsonsaid."It'simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight，butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible."12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy？______A.Theolderyouare，thelesssleepyouwillhave.

B.Slow-wavesleephasbeenlinkedtotheriskofdementia.

C.Therateofslow-wavesleeplosskeepsgoingupwithage.

D.Theamountofsleephasanimpactontheriskofdementia.13.Howdidresearchersgetwhattheywanted？______A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byintroducingaconcept.

C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy. D.Bymakingasurvey.14.WhatdidDrRichardIsaacsonsuggest？______A.Weshouldhaveenoughsleep.

B.Sleepqualityneedsmoreattention.

C.Theelderlyshouldsleepmorethantheyoung.

D.Theamountofsleepismoreimportantthansleepquality.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？______A.Health. B.Sports. C.Education. D.Environment.二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。Dustingisparticularlyannoying.Nearlytwo-thirdsofhouseholddustcontentcomesfromtheoutdoors，someofwhichmaycontainharmfulchemicals.So，keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossibleisimportanttoimproveoverallhealth.（1）______？

Ingeneral，youshoulddustyourhome'smostexposedsurfacesonaweeklybasis.Thismeansitemssuchastables，shelves，beds，dressers，counter-topsandwindows.（2）______.Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.

Changeyourbedsheetsweekly，asdustmites（螨）especiallylovebedding.（3）______.Everythreetosixmonths，cleanbehindandunderfurniture，andwashyourbedding.

Sincesomuchdustcomesinfromtheoutdoors，youcancutdownontheamountgatheringinyourhomebykeepingdoorsandwindowsclosedasoftenaspossible，andplacingcarpetsonbothsidesofdoors.（4）______，changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes.

Getridofoddsandends，whichcaneasilyattractdust，andbecarefulhowyouhandleclothes.Sinceclothesbothcollectsdustandsheds（掉落）fibers，regularlywashanyclothesordon'tthrowclothingontheground.

Whenyou'regettingreadytocleanaroom，alwaysworkfromthetopdown.（5）______，thedustonthehighestsurfaceswilldriftdowntoeverythingyou'vejustcleaned.

A.Ifyoudustfromthebottomup

B.Howcanwekeepthehomedust-free

C.Whyshouldwekeepthehomedust-free

D.Youcanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehome

E.Youcanbuysomenewshoesbeforeyoureturnhome

F.Don'tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaround

G.Itemsthatdon'tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.However，unfortunately，noteveryonehas（1）______tofreshfoods，（2）______thoseinpoorcommunities.

AteenagernamedLaurenSchroeder（3）______thiswhenshevolunteeredatacommunityfoodnonprofit.Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes，ratherthanstraightfromthefields.（4）______tomakeachange，Laurensetouttogrowproducesoshecoulddonateitto（5）______families.

"Iwantedpeopletogetthenutritiontheyneededfromfreshvegetables，"Laurensaid.This（6）______hertostartagardenonherparents'farm.Whilehermomwassupportive，shemadeher（7）______ofhowmuchworkitwouldtake一still，theteenager（8）______thechallenge.

Tokick-startherproject，Laurengoteconomic（9）______fromtheNationalFFAOrganization，which（10）______agriculturaleducation，topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies.Then，the（11）______workbegan.SincethesummersinIowaareveryhotanddry，shehadtowaterthemdaily、Laurenadded，"Ididalotofresearchonlineandeveryday，ittookabouttwoorthreehours."

Butallherefforts（12）______.Herfirstharvestresultedin40poundsofproduce."Itwasreallygoodtoknowthatanyonewhowantedfreshvegetableswouldbeabletogetthe（13）______，"Laurensaid。"IknewthatIwantedtokeepgoing."

Sofar，shehasspentover1，000hoursworkinginthegarden，producing7，000poundsofvegetables."Iwantto（14）______communitymembers.Itmakesa（n）（15）______whenyouhelpotherpeopleout.That'swhatmakesmehappiest，"Laurensaid.21.A.invitation B.access C.admission D.ticket22.A.especially B.actually C.obviously D.extremely23.A.confirmed B.appreciated C.recognized D.identified24.A.Arranging B.Determining C.Struggling D.Pretending25.A.musical B.familiar C.unique D.low-income26.A.recommended B.reminded C.inspired D.requested27.A.aware B.confident C.certain D.free28.A.tookup B.lookedinto C.appliedfor D.wentover29.A.guidance B.support C.pressure D.benefit30.A.organizes B.expects C.promotes D.demands31.A.amazing B.specific C.professional D.tough32.A.workedout B.paidoff C.brokeoff D.woreout33.A.reward B.rescue C.honour D.donation34.A.impact B.impress C.challenge D.observe35.A.discovery B.profit C.difference D.intention四、語(yǔ)法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。36.Accordingtolegend，theYellowRiverfloodedduringtheperiodofEmperorYao，andthepeople（1）______（force）toleavetheirvillages，andwenttoliveintreesoronmountaintops.Theflood（2）______（bring）greatmisfortunetothepeople.SoYaoassigned（指派）Guntoregulateit.Gunwantedtocutoffthefloodwithstones（3）______failed.Then，ShunassignedYu，Gun'sson，tocontinuethework.Havinglearned（4）______（he）father'slesson，Yudredged（疏浚）newriver（5）______（channel）asoutlets，guidingwaterintoriverandriverintosea.Daybyday，yearbyyear，Yuspentthirteenyears（6）______（govern）thefloodwithoutabreak.Itwassaidthatduringthethirteenyears，hepassedhishomethreetimes，butdidnotenter（7）______histaskwascompleted.Hiseffortsnotonlysolvedthefloodproblem，butcontributedtothe（8）______（develop）ofagriculture.

Inthefaceofdifficulties，weshouldhavethewisdom（9）______（overcome）difficultiesandthespiritofpublicselflessness.Wealsoneedpowerfulspiritandstrongfaith，only（10）______thatwaycanweworktogethertodealwithavarietyofdifficulties.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書(shū)面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共40分。37.假定你是李華，你寒假準(zhǔn)備去英國(guó)旅行。請(qǐng)給你的英國(guó)朋友Andy寫(xiě)封郵件，向他咨詢(xún)旅行計(jì)劃，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）寫(xiě)信目的；

（2）咨詢(xún)的內(nèi)容（旅行目的地、旅行最佳時(shí)間等）；

（3）表達(dá)期待。

注意：

（1）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearAndy，

Yours，LiHua38.Mr.BarneswasaverywealthymanwholivedintheearlydaysintheUnitedStates.Itwasoneofhischiefpleasurestowalkthroughthecountrysidenearhishome，andashewalked，heoftennoticedaparticularlyfinegroupofcattle.Onedayhestoppedtovisittherancher（牧場(chǎng)主）whoownedthecattleandpurchasedacowfromhimwiththeagreementthatthecowwouldbedeliveredtohishousethefollowingday.

ThenextdayasMr.Barneswasoutforhismorningwalk，hesawayoungboytryinghishardesttoleadthecowovertoMr.Barnes'field.Theboy，whodidnotknowMr.Barnes，calledtohim，"Pleasesir，wouldyoucomeandhelpmewiththiscow？Itissostubborn!"

Mr.Barnesreadilyagreedandwentovertohelp.Astheywalkedalongtogether，heaskedtheboy，"Howmuchdoyouexpecttogetfordeliveringthecow？"

"I..Idon'tknow，"theboysaid，"butIthinkI'llgetsomethingbecausethepeoplewhoarebuyingthecowliveinthathouse，andthosepeopleareverykindtoeveryone."

Bynowthestubborncowwaswalkingalongnicely，soMr.Barnesexcusedhimselfandtookapaththroughawoodedareathatledtohisbackdoor.Assoonashegotintothehouse，hegaveoneofhistrustedworkersafifty-dollarbillandtoldhimtogiveittotheboywhowasdeliveringthecow.Afterthecowhadbeenleftatthehouseandtheboywasreturningtotheranch，Mr.Barneswentoutagainandmettheboyontheroad.

"Well，howmuchdidyouget？"askedMr.Barnes.

"Fivedollars，"answeredtheboy.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Mr.Barnesfeltsurprisedwhenhearingtheanswer.

Theboyagreed，andtheywalkedbacktothehousetogether.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CreativeInternships（實(shí)習(xí)）inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiative部分Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.（實(shí)習(xí)生可以在令人興奮的海外地區(qū)工作，同時(shí)獲得專(zhuān)業(yè)人士一對(duì)一的職業(yè)指導(dǎo)。）可知根據(jù)文章，應(yīng)該去Australia獲得職業(yè)指導(dǎo)。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYear部分Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries，museums，andcastles，andattheend，you'llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo.（您的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)與一日游畫(huà)廊，博物館和城堡齊頭并進(jìn)，最后，您將有機(jī)會(huì)在LeCheile藝術(shù)博覽會(huì)上展示您的作品。）可知可以讓參與者展示自己的作品愛(ài)爾蘭藝術(shù)和文化項(xiàng)目。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgePrograms部分Price：＄16，500（價(jià)格：16500美元）以及Duringyourtimehere，youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.（在此期間，你將努力提高你的技能，并以一部故事片或創(chuàng)意表演結(jié)束。）可知一個(gè)藝術(shù)家應(yīng)該花16500美元來(lái)提高他的表演技巧。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了2024年四個(gè)海外藝術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)信息。

做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。4~7.【答案】A、C、C、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Lotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports，butJosephD'AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs（許多孩子喜歡談?wù)擉w育，但約瑟夫?達(dá)維羅談?wù)擉w育就像一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)主持人在一個(gè)名為"滑塊與曲線球"的節(jié)目中一樣）可知約瑟夫的節(jié)目是關(guān)于一些體育脫口秀的。故答案為A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段TheD'AvirrosstartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied，whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.（在邁克的兩個(gè)前大學(xué)室友去世后，D'avirros夫婦開(kāi)始了廣播，這使邁克想花更多的時(shí)間陪伴他的兒子。）可知他的大學(xué)室友的死啟發(fā)了邁克和他的兒子一起開(kāi)始了這個(gè)節(jié)目。故答案為C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork，butJosephsaysitis"alotmorefunthanhomework".（約瑟夫一遍又一遍地閱讀他的問(wèn)題，以便把它們記在腦子里。雖然工作量很大，但約瑟夫說(shuō)這"比家庭作業(yè)有趣多了"。）可知約瑟夫認(rèn)為記問(wèn)題比做作業(yè)更有趣。故答案為C。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow，heanswered，"Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs."Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup-tobeasportsplayer，asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams，butJosephisalreadylivingadream：talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.（當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他和他的爸爸將繼續(xù)做這個(gè)節(jié)目多久時(shí)，他回答說(shuō)："直到我爸爸開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)白發(fā)。"約瑟夫長(zhǎng)大后還有其他抱負(fù)——成為一名體育運(yùn)動(dòng)員、體育播音員或擁有一支籃球隊(duì)。這些都是遠(yuǎn)大的夢(mèng)想，但約瑟夫已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了夢(mèng)想：談?wù)擉w育和與父親共度時(shí)光。）可知本文主要講述了九歲的JosephD'Avirro和他的父親MikeD'Avirro一起主持名為《Sliders&Curveballs》的體育節(jié)目。因此本文的最佳標(biāo)題是D.Thefather-and-sonteamhosts（父子隊(duì)主持）。A.Arisingsportsbroadcaster冉冉升起的體育廣播公司；B.Alongroadtogotosuccess通往成功的漫長(zhǎng)道路；C.JosephD'Avirro'sbigdream約瑟夫?達(dá)維羅的大夢(mèng)想；D.Thefather-and-sonteamhosts父子隊(duì)主持。故答案為D。

本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了九歲的JosephD'Avirro和他的父親MikeD'Avirro一起主持名為《Sliders&Curveballs》的體育節(jié)目。

做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析。8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句However，theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvesselsdecadesagograduallydepletedthearea'sfishingresources，leadingtodamagetomarinelifeseriously.（然而，幾十年前引進(jìn)的大型拖網(wǎng)漁船逐漸耗盡了該地區(qū)的漁業(yè)資源，導(dǎo)致對(duì)海洋生物的嚴(yán)重破壞。）以及劃線部分前后內(nèi)容可知，劃線詞意為"耗盡，減少"。A.Reused重復(fù)使用；B.Restored修復(fù)；C.Explored探索；D.Reduced減少。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話However，theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvesselsdecadesagograduallydepletedthearea'sfishingresources，leadingtodamagetomarinelifeseriously.（然而，幾十年前引進(jìn)的大型拖網(wǎng)漁船逐漸耗盡了該地區(qū)的漁業(yè)資源，導(dǎo)致海洋生物受到嚴(yán)重破壞。）及第三段中JesusAntonioJulioCuestas，whoservesintheregion'sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources，stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques."Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources，"saysCuestas.（負(fù)責(zé)該地區(qū)海洋資源保護(hù)和管理的JesusAntonioJulioCuestas強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些發(fā)展的不良影響，并呼吁采用新的捕魚(yú)技術(shù)。Cuestas說(shuō)："只要我們有良好的管理措施和合理利用漁業(yè)資源，捕撈和保護(hù)就可以共存。"）可知，JulioCuestas之所以呼吁采用新的捕魚(yú)技術(shù)是因?yàn)樗氪龠M(jìn)海洋野生動(dòng)物的健康。故選C。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段AlongwithCuestas，thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices，theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing."Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles，"explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.（漁民們與Cuestas一起努力減少對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。通過(guò)改變捕魚(yú)方法和采用新的做法，他們的目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)更平衡的捕魚(yú)方式。Cuestas自豪地解釋說(shuō)："今年，當(dāng)?shù)貪O民沒(méi)有使用拖網(wǎng)，因?yàn)橥暇W(wǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致棱皮海龜死亡。"變化包括船只努力保護(hù)海草，海草是海洋生物的覓食地，漁民不再在海龜產(chǎn)卵的地方撒網(wǎng)。）可知，第四段主要講的是漁民們與Cuestas為保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所做的努力。故選A。

（4）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中Bydoingso，heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers，suchasengineersorlawyers，proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandi.（通過(guò)這樣做，他想象了這樣一幅畫(huà)面：來(lái)自漁業(yè)社區(qū)的個(gè)人可以從事各種職業(yè)，比如工程師或律師，并自豪地宣稱(chēng)他們是Acandi捕魚(yú)傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)物。）可知，JulioCuestas對(duì)Acandi這個(gè)海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的未來(lái)是充滿(mǎn)信心的。A.Uncaring不關(guān)心的；B.Confident自信的；C.Concerned關(guān)心的；D.Doubtful懷疑的。故選B。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了漁民們與Cuestas為了平衡生計(jì)和保護(hù)Acandi這個(gè)海洋保護(hù)區(qū)生物多樣性一起所做的努力。哥倫比亞最北端的海濱小鎮(zhèn)阿坎迪，只能通過(guò)水路或空中進(jìn)入，沒(méi)有通往那里的道路。居民在平衡生計(jì)和保護(hù)生物多樣性方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)。過(guò)去，傳統(tǒng)的社區(qū)捕魚(yú)方法注重合理捕撈和資源管理，但幾十年前大規(guī)模拖網(wǎng)船的引入逐漸耗盡了該地區(qū)的漁業(yè)資源，嚴(yán)重破壞了海洋生態(tài)。胡利奧?庫(kù)埃斯等人積極監(jiān)測(cè)阿坎迪的捕魚(yú)活動(dòng)，改變捕魚(yú)方法，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)更加平衡的捕撈方式。他們重視與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈献鳎纳粕钯|(zhì)量的同時(shí)保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。12~15.【答案】B、D、B、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia（癡呆），accordingtoanewstudy.（一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，慢波睡眠的喪失可能會(huì)增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，低波睡眠與患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有關(guān)。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies-onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001-duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.（他們研究了346名平均年齡69歲的人，完成了兩項(xiàng)夜間睡眠研究，一項(xiàng)是1995年至1998年，另一項(xiàng)是1998年至2001年，期間對(duì)他們的睡眠進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測(cè)。研究人員還調(diào)查了參與者在完成睡眠研究17年后，慢波睡眠量的任何變化是否與患癡呆癥有關(guān)。）可知，研究人員通過(guò)調(diào)查得到的結(jié)果。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Isaacsonsaid."It'simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight，butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible."（艾薩克森說(shuō)："重要的是，不僅要注意一個(gè)人每晚的睡眠總量，還要盡可能地監(jiān)測(cè)睡眠質(zhì)量。"）可知，RichardIsaacson博士建議更多地關(guān)注睡眠質(zhì)量。故選B。

（4）文章出處題。根據(jù)對(duì)全文的理解，新研究表明，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，慢波睡眠的減少可能會(huì)增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三和第四階段，對(duì)大腦健康至關(guān)重要，有助于清除大腦中的有害物質(zhì)?？芍?，本文介紹的是睡眠和患癡呆癥的影響。與健康有關(guān)。故選A。

新研究表明，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，慢波睡眠的減少可能會(huì)增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三和第四階段，對(duì)大腦健康至關(guān)重要，有助于清除大腦中的有害物質(zhì)。研究人員對(duì)346名平均年齡為69歲的人進(jìn)行了兩次夜間睡眠研究，監(jiān)測(cè)他們的睡眠情況，并發(fā)現(xiàn)慢波睡眠減少的人在隨后的17年里患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。每年慢波睡眠減少的百分比與患癡呆癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加27%相關(guān)。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，從60歲開(kāi)始慢波睡眠的減少速度加快，在75至80歲之間達(dá)到峰值，之后減慢。專(zhuān)家強(qiáng)調(diào)，除了關(guān)注每晚睡眠總量外，監(jiān)測(cè)睡眠質(zhì)量也非常重要。

做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。16~20.【答案】B、F、G、D、A【解析】（1）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文Ingeneral，youshoulddustyourhome'smostexposedsurfacesonaweeklybasis.（一般來(lái)說(shuō)，你應(yīng)該每周對(duì)家里最暴露的表面進(jìn)行除塵。）和Changeyourbedsheetsweekly，asdustmites（螨）especiallylovebedding（每周更換床單，因?yàn)閴m螨特別喜歡床上用品）可知下面講述的是保持家里無(wú)塵的方法。因此B.Howcanwekeepthehomedust-free（我們?cè)鯓硬拍鼙３旨依餆o(wú)塵呢）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

（2）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.（使用超細(xì)纖維或天然纖維布來(lái)吸塵。）可知本段主要講述了應(yīng)該用什么工具除塵。因此F.Don'tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaround（不要使用只會(huì)推動(dòng)灰塵的雞毛撣子）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

（3）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Changeyourbedsheetsweekly，asdustmites（螨）especiallylovebedding（每周更換床單，因?yàn)閴m螨特別喜歡床上用品）可知要根據(jù)物品的不同來(lái)規(guī)定除塵的時(shí)間。因此G.Itemsthatdon'tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning（不容易積灰的物品可以一個(gè)月不清洗）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

（4）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes（把它們換成一雙拖鞋或私房鞋）可知本空的意思是"回家后把鞋脫掉"。因此D.Youcanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehome（你回家時(shí)可以脫掉鞋子）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。

（5）語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Whenyou'regettingreadytocleanaroom，alwaysworkfromthetopdown（當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備打掃房間時(shí)，一定要從上往下打掃）和下文thedustonthehighestsurfaceswilldriftdowntoeverythingyou'vejustcleaned.（最高表面上的灰塵會(huì)飄落到你剛剛清潔過(guò)的所有物品上。）可知你不應(yīng)該從下往上撣灰塵。因此A.Ifyoudustfromthebottomup（如果你從下往上撣灰塵）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了保持家里無(wú)塵的方法。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類(lèi)似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語(yǔ)境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。21~35.【答案】B、A、C、B、D、C、A、A、B、C、B、B、D、A、C【解析】（1）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.invitation邀請(qǐng)；B.access通道，機(jī)會(huì)；C.admission錄用；D.ticket票。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每個(gè)人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。根據(jù)上句Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.（每個(gè)人都值得健康飲食。）和However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知并不是每個(gè)人都能獲得新鮮食物，accessto有機(jī)會(huì)獲得。故答案為B。

（2）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.especially尤其；B.actually事實(shí)上；C.obviously明顯地；D.extremely極其。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每個(gè)人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。根據(jù)空后thoseinpoorcommunities可知不幸的是，并不是每個(gè)人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。故答案為A。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.confirmed確認(rèn)；B.appreciated欣賞；C.recognized認(rèn)識(shí)；D.identified確認(rèn)。句意：一位名叫勞倫?施羅德的青少年在一家社區(qū)食品非營(yíng)利組織做志愿者時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。根據(jù)下句Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes，ratherthanstraightfromthefields可知所有供有需要的家庭食用的蔬菜都是罐裝或盒裝的，而不是直接從地里運(yùn)來(lái)的。說(shuō)明勞倫?施羅德在一家社區(qū)食品非營(yíng)利組織做志愿者時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。故答案為C。

（4）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Arranging安排；B.Determining決定；C.Struggling奮斗；D.Pretending假裝。句意：勞倫決心做出改變，開(kāi)始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，以便捐贈(zèng)給低收入家庭。根據(jù)下句Laurensetouttogrowproducesoshecoulddonateitto（5）families可知?jiǎng)趥愰_(kāi)始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，以便捐贈(zèng)給低收入家庭。說(shuō)明她決心做出改變，故答案為B。

（5）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.musical音樂(lè)的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.low-income低收入的。句意：勞倫決心做出改變，開(kāi)始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，以便捐贈(zèng)給低收入家庭。根據(jù)前文However，unfortunately，noteveryonehas（1）tofreshfoods，（2）thoseinpoorcommunities可知然而，不幸的是，并不是每個(gè)人都能獲得新鮮食物，尤其是在貧困社區(qū)。說(shuō)明勞倫開(kāi)始種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，以便捐贈(zèng)給低收入家庭。故答案為D。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.recommended推薦；B.reminded提醒；C.inspired激勵(lì)，激發(fā)；D.requested要求。句意：這激發(fā)了她在父母的農(nóng)場(chǎng)上開(kāi)辟花園的靈感。根據(jù)空后hertostartagardenonherparents'farm可知這激發(fā)了她在父母的農(nóng)場(chǎng)上開(kāi)辟花園的靈感。故答案為C。

（7）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.aware意識(shí)到的；B.confident自信的；C.certain一定的；D.free自由的。句意：雖然她媽媽支持她，但她讓她意識(shí)到需要做多少工作盡管如此，這名少年還是接受了挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下句still，theteenager（8）thechallenge可知盡管如此，這名少年還是接受了挑戰(zhàn)。說(shuō)明她意識(shí)到了需要做多少工作。故答案為A。