2023學年完整公開課版必修3-Unit4-語法1

Grammar賓語從句ObjectClause表語從句Predicative主語從句SubjectClasuse同位語從句AppositiveClause名詞性從句NounClause

從句一律保持陳述語序。主語從句同位語從句表語從句賓語從句注意：1、當主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，賓語從句的謂語動詞可以用所需要的任何一種時態(tài)。

2、當主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞要用相應的過去時態(tài)，但當賓語從句敘述的內容為客觀真理時，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時。Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.

travelsTheradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

havereturned

hadbeen

6.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)7.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)8.LingFengtoldmehe_________totheGreatWallseveraltimes.(be)

wrote

hastaken

hadbeen

2.賓語從句：從句在句中充當賓語成分（可以作謂語動詞、介詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語）連詞：that,whether，if（that?？墒÷裕?/p>

who,what,which,whoever,whatever,

whenwherewhyhow1).Theyknowthat

thehabitwillkillthem.2).Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3)HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.4).Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.5).Ifinditnecessarythat

weshoulddothehomework.3.表語從句：從句在句中充當表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后.作用：對主語進行解釋說明。連接詞：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引導表語從句)連接代詞：who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞：when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when注意：在表語從句中，表“是否”時，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….Grammar:SubjectclauseCanyoufindthefollowingsentenceinthereadingpassage?Inthissentence,anounclauseisusedasthesubject.Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.Pleasepickoutthreemoresentenceswithsubjectclausesfromthereadingpassage.1.…becauseitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.2.Whatscientiststhinkisthattheearthwasdifferentbecauseof…3.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon…P64USINGSTRUCTUREDoyouknowwherewecomefrom?Howdidtheuniversebegin?ReadthepassageandtrytounderstandhowStephenHawkingsolvedtheproblems?_____theuniverseislikehasattractedStephenHawkingallhislife._____isclearandsimpleabouttheuniversehasalwaysseemedtoodifficultforustoanswer._____theuniverseexiststhewayitdoesisamajorquestiontoallthosewhohavelookedatstarslikeHawking._____hasdevelopedovertwothousandyearsofobservationhastobegreatlyrevised._____intheuniverseweliveisnotthecentre,butoneofthemineplanetsorbitingthesun,whichisjustoneofmillionsofstarsinourownMilkyWaygalaxy.WhatWhatWhyWhatwhere6.______weunderstandtheuniverseisthetimewhenwehumanbeingswillhaveansweredallthequestions.7.______wecanhaveacompletepictureoftheuniversedependsonlearningtounderstandwhatwesee.8.______Hawkingwantstotellusinthistextisthatweshouldstudytheuniverse,andunderstandit.WhenHowWhat做主語用的名詞性從句，因其在復合句中做主語，又稱主語從句，引導主語從句的有從屬連詞that,whether，連接代詞who,what,which，連接副詞when,where,how,why等。

___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto注意：Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.Whathesaysanddoesdoesn’tconcernme.Whathesaysanddoesdon’tagree.“if”不能引導主語從句，應有“whether”引導。主語從句的“that”一般不能省?！皐hat”引導主語從句時，謂語動詞：

1）常與其后的名詞作表語一致2）根據(jù)句子的語境而定。4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.ThatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave2.位置：主語從句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末，常用下面幾種句型。It

的用法：（形式主語）

It’possible/important/necessary/clear…

that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’said/reported…that..據(jù)說/據(jù)報道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已經通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…顯然、明顯、碰巧..It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/無疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(眾所周知）/acommonsaying….（俗話說）注意:1）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，從屬連詞that可以省略。11.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever12.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.that(05)13.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept__helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever14.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor’s