定語從句考點(diǎn)聚焦和精講-備戰(zhàn)2024年中考一輪復(fù)習(xí)

定語從句考點(diǎn)聚焦和精講關(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：1.引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.代替先行詞。3.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分?！玖粢狻筷P(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用wh2.Who'sthatmanyoujusttalkedto?剛才與你談話的那個男人是誰?3.Themanyoumetjustnowismyfriend.你剛(3)which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語演練2.ThebookIreadlastnightwaswonderf(4)that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom;指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓1.Sheisoneofthestuden4.Doyoulikethebookcoverisyellow?你寵愛那本封面是黃色的書?=Doyoulikethebookthecoverisyellow?你寵愛那本封面是黃色的書?(6)介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引②若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom,不行用who或者that;指物時用which,不能用that;關(guān)系代詞是全部格時用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutal 演練2.Istillrememberthe(2)where引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，在句中作狀語。關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的2.Thehotelwestaye4.Thelibraryyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.你昨天參觀的圖書館建于1990年?！玖粢狻咳舳ㄕZ從句的先行詞是reason,但定語從句缺主語或賓語，則用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。(1)限制性定語從句舉例：Theteachertoldmethat(2)非限制性定語從句舉例：China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.成立于1949的中國，正變得越來越Hisbrotherwhoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshimt學(xué)。(他還有其他的哥哥)①先行詞為不定代詞all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等。⑤當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句⑦time作先行詞，前面假如有序數(shù)詞或last修飾時，定語從句用that來引導(dǎo)或省略；假如沒有序數(shù)詞或last修飾時，既可用when2.Allyouhavetodoistop4.ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.5.Ihavereadallthebooksyou7.Thisistheverybook8.ThisisthesameskirtIwanttobuy.(同一條裙子)這就是我想買的那條裙子。9.ThisistheonlybookIhave10.Whoisthemanisstan11.Whichofusknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn'tk個?14.Thefirsttimelsawhimwasin2002.我第一次見到他是在2002年?？键c(diǎn)10.下列狀況只能用which:考點(diǎn)題組3題組1填空題1.Itisthesamewithourlives.Those2.“AnyonehasheardaboutSeattle'strainmaythinkthisiskindoffun,"McKaulay3.Theatersmayhaveabrighterfutureiftheycanprovideamov4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcityinthepastt6.RunningManisaveryrelaxingTVprogramishotamongt題組2單項(xiàng)選擇1.NotallchildrenwatchthisvA.whomB.whichC.who2.AnyonewhoisaserverorhaA.whomB.whatC.whoD.which3.—Class,youshouldbethankfultoth—Wewill,MissChen.4.Ihatethedogsliveinthenexthouse.TheymakeloudnoisesalA.whoB.that—Sure.It'sagreatTVprogrammebringsthehabitofreadingbackintothepublic.6.SheoftenparkshercarnearthehouseA.whichB.whoseC.whomD.who3.(2023-新疆.中考真題)LotsofChineseyoungpeoplewerebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorA.thatB.those一WecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyA.whichB.whose題組4語法選擇Oneday,14-year-oldWenJiayipostedaphotprimaryschool.However,oneofherclassmateswrote"You'resougly"and"Idiot"underthephotnegative(消極的)contentsaboutsomeoneelseonline.Lotsofkidsthesedayshaveexperiencedsomeformofcyberbullying.Accordingtoarecentsurtherearenearly30percentofteenagersinChicyberbullyingistheuseofabusive(辱罵的)language,suchascallingsomebody'snamesorsayingrudethingsNearly70percentofcyberbullyinghappensthroughsocialmedia,similarto5Wenexperienced.Zhenyao,14,6studiesinHefeiNo.50MiddleSchoolinAnhui.7hecommensaid.Headdsthebulliestohisblacklistandreportsthemtot“However,mostvictimsdon'ttakethiskindofaction.About60percentofcyberbullyingvictimsstaysilent,”expertssay.But8youreceivethreatening(威逼性的)messages,youshouldaskyourparentsorteachersforhelp.Cyberbullyingcanbearealthreat.“Ithink91.A.what3.A.thatB.whatC.which4.A.whichB.whoC.whom5.A.thatB.whichC.what6.A.whichB.whoC.wh7.A.IfB.ThoughC.WhenD.Befo8.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.until9.A.whetherB.whyC.when10.A.where題組5短文填空DuringtheJinDynasty(266—420),therewasachildnamewasCheabag3hehungupasalamp.AnotherchildnamedSunKaandcouldn'tstudyatnight.5hewokeupatmidnight,hesawthesnowreflecting(反射)themoonlightoutsidehishouse.“Oh,Icanusethereflectr定語從句考點(diǎn)聚焦和精講關(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：1.引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.代替先行詞。3.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。 ThewomanwhovisitedourfactoryyesterdayisanAustralianfriend.昨2.Who'sthatman(whom)youjusttalke3.Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfrien(3)which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語2.Thebook(which)Ireadlastnightwaswonderful.我昨晚看的那本書很(4)that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom;指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓4.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyel=Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?你寵愛那本封面是黃色的書?(6)介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：(6)介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引②若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom,不行用who或者that;指物時用which,不能Themanwithwhomyoutal(1)when引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞，在句中作狀語。關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語【留意】若定語從句的先行詞是時間，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，則用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.Istillrememberthetimewh3.I'llneverforgettheti(2)where引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，在句中作狀語。關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)【留意】若定語從句的先行詞是地點(diǎn)，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句，而不用4.Thelibrarythat/whichyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.你昨天參觀的圖書館建于1990年?！玖粢狻咳舳ㄕZ從句的先行詞是reason,但定語從句缺主語或賓語，則用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.Wecan'tacceptth3.Thisistheexplanationwhy(=forwhich)4.Thereasonthat/whichshegave緊密相連。同先行詞之間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞或that來引導(dǎo)。(1)限制性定語從句舉例：(2)非限制性定語從句舉例：China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.成立于1949的中國，正變得越來越Hisbrotherwhoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshimtogot學(xué)。(他還有其他的哥哥)①先行詞為不定代詞all,few,little,much,ever3.Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearn5.Ihavereadallt8.Thisisthesame9.Thisistheonlybook11.Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysi14.Thefirsttime(that)Isawhimwasin2002.我第一次見到他是在2002年。題組1填空題1.Itisthesamewithourlives.Th2.“AnyonehasheardaboutSeattle'strainmaythinkthisiskindof4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcityinthepas—Fishingisahobbyneedsmuchpatience,butI'mnotpatientatall.6.RunningManisaveryrelaxingTVprogramishotamongth考查定語從句。由先行詞program可知關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that/which。題組2單項(xiàng)選擇A.whomB.whichC.who2.AnyonewhoisaserverorhaA.whomB.whatC.who3.—Class,youshouldbethankfultothosepeoplehelpedandsupA.whichB.whom4.Ihatethedogsliveinthenexthouse.TheymakeloudnoiseA.whoB.that—Sure.It'sagreatTVprogrammebringsthehabitofreadingbackintothepubA.whoB.that6.Sheoftenparkshercarnearthe題組31.(2023-湖北十堰.統(tǒng)考中考真題)IwillremembertheimportantpeoplehelpedandsupportedmeinA.whichB.whoseC.whom【答案】DA.whichB.whoC.whatA.thatB.thoseA.whichB.whose考查定語從句。句子含定語從句，先行詞是teacher,指人，從句缺主語，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。故選【詳解】句意：郭沫若是一位有名的中國作家，在世界各地都很受歡迎。考查定語從句。which指物，從句作主語，賓語；whom指人，從句作賓語；who指人，從句中作主語，賓語。依據(jù)語義及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后為兩個句子，且空后句子為定語從句，修飾先行詞writer“作家”,指人，且在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，用關(guān)系詞who。故選C。7.(2023·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Today'sChinaisacountrykeepstothisnationalcharacter.A.what【詳解】句意：今日的中國是一個保持這種民族性的國家?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處是定語從句，先行詞是“acountry”,指物，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故選C。8.(2023·湖南郴州.統(tǒng)考中考真題)TeaistheleafofaplantgrowswidelyinChina,JapanandotherA.what