福建省龍巖市一級(jí)校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上11月期中英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1福建省龍巖市一級(jí)校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上11月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteeringisagreatwaytodevelopnewskills,gainexperienceandconnectwithothers.Ifyouareinterestedinvolunteering,herearesomerecommendedopportunities.InvasiveSpeciesManagementPlacencia,BelizeMakeadifferencebyremovinglion-fish,aninvasivespeciesdestroyingreefecosystemsoftheCaribbean.Learntodivewhileremovinglion-fish.Eachweekwilldifferbutyouwillbeparticipatinginthefollowingareas:RemovingInvasiveLion-fish,WhaleSharkObservation(ifspotted)，BiodiversityIdentificationDiveandBeachClean-ups.MarineResearchExpeditionTyrrhenianSea,ItalyYouwilljoinaninternationalcrewaboardasailboattoworkfortheprotectionofourseas.Andyouwilllearntocollectdata,organizeandenjoytheseaatitsbest!Experiencethesailinglifeinoneoftheworld’sbestspotsforwatersports.GainexperienceinMarineResearchinthefield(underwater).Getcloseuptodolphinsandwhalesinthewild.WildlifeSupporterPortElizabeth，SouthAfricaVolunteerataGameReservethathoststheBig5andsupportthelocalstaffinmonitoringtheanimals.WorkupclosewiththefamousBig5!Joinourreservefororphanedandinjurednon-dangerousanimals.Makeadifferenceintherescue,recoveryandreleaseofwildlife,givingthemasecondchanceatbeingfreeandwildagain.ClimateandEnvironmentalistSupporterHangaRoa,ChileBeavolunteerontheamazingEasterIslandinthemiddleofthePacificOceanandgetinvolvedinclimateandnatureprotection.Responsibilitiesincludeteamworkintheclimateprotectionprogram,collectionofplantseeds,controlofseedsettlementontheplantation,conservationofnativeseedsandplantsandreforestationwork.1.Whatactivitywillvolunteersdodependingongoodluck?A.Collectdataonamarineanimal.B.Observewhalesharkscarefully.C.Cleandolphinsstuckonthebeach.D.Diveunderwatertoseelion-fish.2.WhatisTyrrhenianSeafamousfor?A.Itsmarinelifeindeepwater.B.Itswilddolphinsandwhales.C.Itsperfectplaceforsailing.D.Itsbestspotformarineresearch.3.Whichactivityissuitableforvolunteerswithmedicalexperiences?A.WildlifeSupporter.B.MarineResearchExpedition.C.InvasiveSpeciesManagement.D.ClimateandEnvironmentalistSupporter.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目的情況以及要求。〖答案〗1.B2.C3.A1．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InvasiveSpeciesManagement部分的“WhaleSharkObservation(ifspotted)(如果有機(jī)會(huì)，可以看到鯨鯊)”可知，如果志愿者們運(yùn)氣好，他們可以近距離看到鯨鯊。故選B。2．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MarineResearchExpedition部分的“Experiencethesailinglifeinoneoftheworld’sbestspotsforwatersports.(在世界上最好的水上運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)所之一體驗(yàn)帆船生活。)”可知，TyrrhenianSea以其完美的航行場(chǎng)所而聞名。故選C。3．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)WildlifeSupporter部分的“Makeadifferenceintherescue,recoveryandreleaseofwildlife,givingthemasecondchanceatbeingfreeandwildagain.(在野生動(dòng)物的救援、康復(fù)和放生方面有所作為，讓它們有第二次機(jī)會(huì)重獲自由和野生。)”可知，野生動(dòng)物支持者適合有醫(yī)療經(jīng)驗(yàn)的志愿者。故選A。BOvertheyears,whenabookhasspokentomewithparticularpower,Ihaveputpentopaperandsentwordofftotheauthor,communicatingwhattheirworkmeanttome.Itallstartedinmy18thyear,whenIwasentertainingmyownimaginationsofsuccessasawriter.Iwasfullofhighexpectations,believingthatbecominganauthorwassimplyamatterofputtingmythoughtsontopaper,sendingtheworkstoapublisher,andwaitingforfametocome.Thencamethegreatdisappointment.Iwrotetofamouschildren’sauthorLloydAlexander,describingmyfruitlessyearlongeffortatpublicationandaskinghimfordirection.Tomyjoy,heanswered:“Adviceisalwaysveryeasytogive-butveryhardtomakeitspecificandmeaningful,sinceweallhavetoworkinourownways.Whenyoumentionthatyou’vebeenwritingforayearwithoutbeingpublished,IhastentotellyouthatIwroteseventimesthatlongwithoutbeingpublished!So,perhapsonepieceofadviceis:patience.”Iwasencouragedbytheideathatawell-regardedwriterwouldtakethetimetoofferabitofadvicetoanoverconfidentteen.ButMr.Alexanderwasnotasingularcase.Icontinuedtoreachouttowritersand,truthtotell,Ididn’talwaysreceiveareply.ButwhenIdidgetone,thecontentwasoftenfilledwithconsiderationandeven,attimes,affection(喜愛(ài)).IthinkoftheAmericanpoetWilliamStafford,whorepliedtomefromLakeOswego,Oregon.Weactuallyhadanongoingcorrespondence(通信)forawhile.Iwrotetohimaskingifhewouldbesokindastoautograph(簽名)oneofhisbooksforme.Hisreplybroughtanimmediatesmiletomyface:“Iameagerlyreadytoautographandreturnabook—itmakesmefeellikeanauthor.”4.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhewas18?A.Hewonfameasayoungwriter. B.Hewasforcedtogiveupwriting.C.Hemetafamouschildren’sauthor. D.Hefailedtogethisworkspublished.5.WhatadvicedidLloydAlexanderoffertotheauthor?A.Beingindependentofothers. B.Makingdecisionswithouthesitation.C.Keepingontryingandbeingpatient. D.Regardingeverypieceofwritingasmeaningful.6.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofWilliamStafford?A.Hehatedtoreplytoaletter. B.Hewasfriendlyandapproachable.C.Helongedtobeasuccessfulwriter. D.Hewasalwaysreadytolendhisbooks.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WritingtotheWritersinMyLife B.MyIdeaAboutWritingC.GrowingUpwithWriting D.MyRiseasaWriter【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者在成為作家的路上，給一些著名的作家寫(xiě)信，他們的建議和反饋?zhàn)屪髡呤芤媪级??！即鸢浮?.D5.C6.B7.A4．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itallstartedinmy18thyear,whenIwasentertainingmyownimaginationsofsuccessasawriter.Iwasfullofhighexpectations,believingthatbecominganauthorwassimplyamatterofputtingmythoughtsontopaper,sendingtheworkstoapublisher,andwaitingforfametocome.Thencamethegreatdisappointment.Iwrotetofamouschildren’sauthorLloydAlexander,describingmyfruitlessyearlongeffortatpublicationandaskinghimfordirection.(這一切都始于我18歲的時(shí)候，當(dāng)時(shí)我正沉浸在自己作為一名作家成功的想象中。我充滿了很高的期望，認(rèn)為成為一名作家只是把我的想法寫(xiě)在紙上，把作品寄給出版商，然后等待名聲的到來(lái)。然后是巨大的失望。我寫(xiě)信給著名兒童作家勞埃德·亞歷山大(LloydAlexander)，描述了我為出版這本書(shū)所做的一年無(wú)果的努力，并向他尋求指導(dǎo))”可知，作者18歲時(shí)的作品沒(méi)能出版。故選D。5．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenyoumentionthatyou’vebeenwritingforayearwithoutbeingpublished,IhastentotellyouthatIwroteseventimesthatlongwithoutbeingpublished!So,perhapsonepieceofadviceis:Patience.(當(dāng)你提到你已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了一年沒(méi)有發(fā)表，我趕緊告訴你，我寫(xiě)了七次都沒(méi)有發(fā)表！所以，或許有一條建議是：耐心)”可知，勞埃德·亞歷山大建議作者堅(jiān)持嘗試，保持耐心。故選C。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weactuallyhadanongoingcorrespondence(通信)forawhile.Iwrotetohimaskingifhewouldbesokindastoautograph(簽名)oneofhisbooksforme.Hisreplybroughtanimmediatesmiletomyface:“Iameagerlyreadytoautographandreturnabook—itmakesmefeellikeanauthor.”(事實(shí)上，我們有一段時(shí)間一直保持通信聯(lián)系。我寫(xiě)信給他，問(wèn)他是否愿意為我在他的一本書(shū)上簽名。他的回答立刻讓我臉上露出了笑容:“我迫不及待地準(zhǔn)備好簽名并歸還一本書(shū)——這讓我覺(jué)得自己像個(gè)作家。”)”可知，作者認(rèn)為威廉·斯塔福德很友好，平易近人。故選B。7．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Overtheyears,whenabookhasspokentomewithparticularpower,Ihaveputpentopaperandsendwordofftotheauthor,communicatingwhattheirworkmeanttome.(多年來(lái)，當(dāng)一本書(shū)對(duì)我產(chǎn)生了特殊的影響時(shí)，我就會(huì)動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)信給作者，告訴他他們的作品對(duì)我意味著什么)”結(jié)合文章主要講述作者在成為作家的路上，給一些著名的作家寫(xiě)信，他們的建議和反饋?zhàn)屪髡呤芤媪级啵芍?，A選項(xiàng)“給我生命中的作家寫(xiě)信”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。CIfyouhadboardedapassengerplanein1950,youwouldhaveseenfivepeopleinthecockpit(駕駛艙):twopilots,aradiooperator,anavigatorandaflightengineer.Overtheyears,technicaladvanceshavegraduallyremovedtheneedforthelastthree,leavingjusttwopilots.Thathasbeenthenorm(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))incommercialaviationfordecades.However,thingscouldbesimplifiedfurther—oneofthetworemainingpilotscouldsoongo.Manymilitaryaircraftarealreadymannedbyasinglepilot,andforcommercialaviationthiswouldmeansteppingintoabravenewworld.Buthowwillairlinesmakethisbraveinnovationcometrue?Onewayistogreatlyincreaseautomationinthecockpit,devotingmoretaskstocomputers.Anotheristoshiftthesametasksfromthecockpittotheground.“Thelatterapproachseemstobemoreworkable,atleastintheshortterm,becausemuchofwhatisrequiredalreadyexists,”saysPatrickSmith,anairlinepilotflyingBoeing767aircraft.“Atrainedgroundoperatorcouldobserveanumberofflightsatonceandevenfullycontroltheplaneremotelyifneeded.”It’struethatsingle-pilotoperationscouldhelpairlinessavemoney,butthereisanotherreasonwhichmakesthemquickentheirpaceforthiscrucialbreakthrough.Boeingpredictsaneedfor600,000newpilotsinthenexttwodecades,butbysomeestimates,therewillbeadeficit(赤字)ofatleast34,000pilotsgloballyby2025.Reducingthenumberofpilotsonsomecrewsoraircraftcouldlessentheimpactofthis.Perhapsthebiggestbarriertoasinglepilotwillbesellingtheideatopassengers.In2019,DonHairis,aprofessoratCoventryUniversity,conductedasurveyontheprospectofflyingonanairlinerwithjustonepilot.Justaminorityofparticipantssaidthey’dbewillingtotakethatflight,andthegeneralideawasthatremovingapilotincreasedthepossibilityofaccidents.Inthestudy,Harrisconcludedthatthesingle-crewairlinerwouldbestillprobably20yearsaway.8.Whatisthepotentialtrendincommercialaviationaccordingtothetext?A.Itwillmakeairtraveleco-friendly.B.Itwillswitchtosingle-pilotoperations.C.Itwilltightenitsflightcontrolforsafetyconcerns.D.Itwillbringinmanymilitaryaircrafttotheindustry.9.WhatdoesPatrickSmiththinkisaquickwaytorealizeairlines’braveinnovation?A.Raisingthestandardsinadmittingnewpilots. B.Makingpilotsadaptabletodifferentsituations.C.Usingcomputerstoautomatetheflightprocess. D.Gainingpilotingsupportfromgroundoperators.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph4referto?A.Theshortageofpilots. B.Theneedfornewairlines.C.Theairlines’braveinnovation. D.Thefinancialproblemairlinesface.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromDonHarris’study?A.Theprospectofsingle-crewairlinersisbright.B.It'surgentthatairlinesreduceairplaneaccidents.C.Passengersarewillingtotrynewtypesofairplanes.D.Airlineshavealongwaytogobeforetheinnovationoccurs.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了商業(yè)航空的潛在趨勢(shì)是將轉(zhuǎn)為單人駕駛，但是想要實(shí)現(xiàn)單機(jī)組客機(jī)航空公司還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走?！即鸢浮?.B9.D10.A11.D8．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,thingscouldbesimplifiedfurther—oneofthetworemainingpilotscouldsoongo.Manymilitaryaircraftarealreadymannedbyasinglepilot,andforcommercialaviationthiswouldmeansteppingintoabravenewworld.(然而，事情可以進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)化——剩下的兩名飛行員中的一名可能很快就會(huì)離開(kāi)。許多軍用飛機(jī)已經(jīng)由一名飛行員駕駛，對(duì)于商業(yè)航空來(lái)說(shuō)，這將意味著步入一個(gè)美麗的新世界。)”可知，根據(jù)文章，商業(yè)航空的潛在趨勢(shì)是它將轉(zhuǎn)為單人駕駛。故選B項(xiàng)。9．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Onewayistogreatlyincreaseautomationinthecockpit,devotingmoretaskstocomputers.Anotheristoshiftthesametasksfromthecockpittotheground.‘Thelatterapproachseemstobemoreworkable,atleastintheshortterm,becausemuchofwhatisrequiredalreadyexists,’saysPatrickSmith,anairlinepilotflyingBoeing767aircraft.(一種方法是大大提高駕駛艙的自動(dòng)化程度，將更多的任務(wù)交給計(jì)算機(jī)。另一種方法是將同樣的任務(wù)從駕駛艙轉(zhuǎn)移到地面?！笠环N方法似乎更可行，至少在短期內(nèi)是這樣，因?yàn)樗璧暮芏鄸|西已經(jīng)存在，’駕駛波音767飛機(jī)的飛行員PatrickSmith說(shuō)。)”可知，PatrickSmith認(rèn)為獲得地面操作員的駕駛支持是實(shí)現(xiàn)航空公司大膽創(chuàng)新的快速方法。故選D項(xiàng)。10．〖解析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞句前文“Boeingpredictsaneedfor600,000newpilotsinthenexttwodecades,butbysomeestimates,therewillbeadeficit(赤字)ofatleast34,000pilotsgloballyby2025.(波音公司預(yù)計(jì)，未來(lái)20年將需要60萬(wàn)名新飛行員，但據(jù)估計(jì)，到2025年，全球至少將出現(xiàn)3.4萬(wàn)名飛行員的缺口。)”說(shuō)明飛行員短缺，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Reducingthenumberofpilotsonsomecrewsoraircraftcouldlessentheimpactofthis.(減少一些機(jī)組或飛機(jī)上的飛行員數(shù)量可以減輕這種影響。)”中劃線詞指的是“飛行員短缺”這一情況。故選A項(xiàng)。11．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inthestudy,Harrisconcludedthatthesingle-crewairlinerwouldbestillprobably20yearsaway.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，Harris得出結(jié)論，單機(jī)組客機(jī)可能還需要20年的時(shí)間。)”可知，從DonHarris的研究中可以推斷出在創(chuàng)新發(fā)生之前，航空公司還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故選D項(xiàng)。DChemicalstakenfromsawdust(鋸屑)andwatercanknockoutmorethan99percentofsomedisease-causingmicrobes(微生物).Thatmakesthesawdustmixapotentialalternativetocurrentmicrobe-killingchemicals.Manydisinfectants(消毒劑)usedtodaycanharmtheenvironment.Theyformpoisonousby-productswhentheygetwashed.Somepotentiallygreenerdisinfectantsexist.Theyrelyonachemicalcalled“phenol(苯酚)”.Butthesecleanerscanbecostlyandtakealotofenergytomake.ShichengZhangwentsearchingforabetteroption.He’sanenvironmentalengineeratFudanUniversityinShanghai,China.Woodcontainsmanymolecules(分子)thatlooklikephenol.SoZhangwonderedifmicrobe-killingchemicalscouldbeobtainedfromsawdustthroughalow-costandlow-energyprocess.Heandhisfellowresearcherscookedmixturesofwaterandsawdustforonehour.Theyheatedthissawdustsoupunderpressure,andthenfilteredit.Later,theytestedhowwelltheliquidkilledoffmicrobes.ThisliquidwipedoutE.colibacteria—microbesthatcancausefoodpoisoning.Theliquidalsokilledanthraxbacteria.Thesemicrobescausedangerousinfections.What’smore,thedisinfectantstoppedfluvirusesfrombeinginfectious.Theresearchersalsoaddeddifferentamountsofwatertothesawdustsoup.Thatletthemtesthowconcentratedithadtobetoknockoutmicrobes.Dependingonitsconcentration,themixcouldkillmorethan99percentofthemicrobes.Lookingatkilledmicrobesunderamicroscoperevealedsomeofthewaysthesawdustmixkills.Thedisinfectantdamagedthemicrobes’cellwalls.Italsomayhavemessedwiththemicrobes’proteinsandDNA.Zhangandhisfellowresearchersdidn’tstopatasawdustdisinfectant.Theymadedisinfectantsfromotherplantmaterials,too.Someofthesestartedasbamboopowder.Othersweremadeusingriceplant.Plantmaterialsthatarericherinmoleculesthatreleasephenol-likecompoundsarebestatkillingmicrobes.Oneexampleiscornstraw.12.WhatmaybeanadvantageofZhang’ssawdustdisinfectantoverexistingones?A.Beingsaferandmoreeffective.B.Beingenvironment-friendlyandlessexpensive.C.Beinglessexpensiveandhavingmorelastingeffect.D.Beingmoreeffectiveandhavingmorelastingeffect.13.WhatgaveZhangtheideaofthesawdustdisinfectant?A.Theabsenceofmicrobesinsawdust. B.Thephenol-likemoleculesinwood.C.Theexistenceofagreenerdisinfectant. D.Thepossibilityofbeingfoodpoisoned.14.HowwasZhang’sresearchfurthercarriedout?A.Byanalyzingdatafrompreviousstudies.B.Byidentifyingthewaysdifferentdisinfectantskill.C.Byimprovingtheprocessofdealingwithby-products.D.Bycomparingtheeffectsofdifferentconcentrationsofthemix.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.APublicDriveAimstoGreenerDisinfectantsB.AChineseUniversityGrowsMicrobe-killingPlantsC.ADisinfectantMadefromSawdustKnocksoutMicrobesD.AChineseTeamMadeBreakthroughsinDiseaseResearch【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)復(fù)旦大學(xué)張教授團(tuán)隊(duì)從鋸屑水中提取消毒劑的一項(xiàng)研究。〖答案〗12.B13.B14.D15.C12．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Manydisinfectants(消毒劑)usedtodaycanharmtheenvironment.Theyformpoisonousby-productswhentheygetwashed.Somepotentiallygreenerdisinfectantsexist.Theyrelyonachemicalcalled“phenol(苯酚)”.Butthesecleanerscanbecostlyandtakealotofenergytomake.(今天使用的許多消毒劑會(huì)危害環(huán)境。當(dāng)它們被清洗時(shí)，會(huì)形成有毒的副產(chǎn)品。存在一些可能更環(huán)保的消毒劑。它們依賴于一種叫做“苯酚”的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。但這些清潔劑價(jià)格昂貴，需要大量的能源來(lái)制造)”以及第三段“ShichengZhangwentsearchingforabetteroption.He’sanenvironmentalengineeratFudanUniversityinShanghai,China.Woodcontainsmanymolecules(分子)thatlooklikephenol.SoZhangwonderedifmicrobe-killingchemicalscouldbeobtainedfromsawdustthroughalow-costandlow-energyprocess.(張士成開(kāi)始尋找更好的選擇。他是中國(guó)上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)的環(huán)境工程師。木材含有許多看起來(lái)像苯酚的分子。因此，張想知道是否可以通過(guò)低成本、低能耗的方法從鋸末中獲得殺死微生物的化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，與現(xiàn)有的木屑消毒劑相比，張的木屑消毒劑既環(huán)保又便宜。故選B。13．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Woodcontainsmanymolecules(分子)thatlooklikephenol.SoZhangwonderedifmicrobe-killingchemicalscouldbeobtainedfromsawdustthroughalow-costandlow-energyprocess.(木材含有許多看起來(lái)像苯酚的分子。因此，張想知道是否可以通過(guò)低成本、低能耗的方法從鋸末中獲得殺死微生物的化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，木材中的苯酚分子讓張產(chǎn)生了木屑消毒劑的想法。故選B。14．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theresearchersalsoaddeddifferentamountsofwatertothesawdustsoup.Thatletthemtesthowconcentratedithadtobetoknockoutmicrobes.Dependingonitsconcentration,themixcouldkillmorethan99percentofthemicrobes.(研究人員還在木屑湯中加入了不同量的水。這樣他們就可以測(cè)試出殺滅微生物所需的濃度。根據(jù)其濃度的不同，這種混合物可以殺死99%以上的微生物)”可知，張的研究通過(guò)比較不同濃度混合物的效果進(jìn)一步開(kāi)展。故選D。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ShichengZhangwentsearchingforabetteroption.He’sanenvironmentalengineeratFudanUniversityinShanghai,China.Woodcontainsmanymolecules(分子)thatlooklikephenol.SoZhangwonderedifmicrobe-killingchemicalscouldbeobtainedfromsawdustthroughalow-costandlow-energyprocess.(張士成開(kāi)始尋找更好的選擇。他是中國(guó)上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)的環(huán)境工程師。木材含有許多看起來(lái)像苯酚的分子。因此，張想知道是否可以通過(guò)低成本、低能耗的方法從鋸末中獲得殺死微生物的化學(xué)物質(zhì))”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了中國(guó)復(fù)旦大學(xué)張教授團(tuán)隊(duì)從鋸屑水中提取消毒劑的一項(xiàng)研究?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)“由鋸末制成的消毒劑可以消滅微生物”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howdoweridourselvesofthenegative(消極的)thoughtsandreturntoaplaceofpeaceandacceptance?Readonforsomeexpert-guidedtips.First,don’tsuppress(抑制)thenegativethought.“Researchshowsthatit’simportantnottosuppressnegativethoughtsasthisonlymakesitworse.___16___Then,selectapositivethoughtorvisualtoengagewithinplaceofthenegativethoughtthatyousetfree,”Dr.CarlaMarieManly,andauthorofJoyfromFear,tellsSheKnows.Don’tforgettobreathe.“Closeyoureyesandbreatheinforacountoffour;thenbreatheoutslowlytothecountoffour.Whenworriesandstressbegintorise,bekindtoyourself.___17___Aworriedmindgetsverycalmwhenit’sfocusedonbreathingratherthanworrying,”saysManly.___18___“Justbecauseyouhaveathoughtdoesn’tmeanit’strue.Whenyounoticeyou’rebeinghardonyourselforthinkingverynegatively,takeastepbackandquestionthethoughtyou’rehaving,”suggestsTouroni.“___19___Areyoujumpingtoconclusions?”Tryapositivemessagemantra(咒語(yǔ)).Whennegativethoughtsgetaholdonyou,Manlyrecommendsfocusingonapositivemessageormantrathatfeelsstrongandcalmingforyou.“Forexample,yourmantramightbe,‘Allwillbewell.___20___’”Manlysuggestskeepingacopyofyourmantrainyourwallet,onyourmirror,andonyourdeskforahandyreminderduringstressfulmoments.A.Thingswillworkout.B.Thinkofapeacefulimageinstead.C.Don’tbelieveeverythingyouthink.D.Andthenpausetorelaxandbreathe.E.Isthereanyevidencetosupportthis?F.Canyoutracebacktowherethisallstarted?G.Instead,noticethenegativethoughtandthenletitfloataway.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾種幫助擺脫消極想法的方式?！即鸢浮?6.G17.D18.C19.E20.A16．〖解析〗根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“First,don’tsuppress(抑制)thenegativethought.（第一，不要壓抑消極的想法。）”和上文“Researchshowsthatit’simportantnottosuppressnegativethoughtsasthisonlymakesitworse.（研究表明，不要壓抑消極的想法很重要，因?yàn)檫@只會(huì)讓事情變得更糟。）”可知，我們需要做的是要去注意消極的想法。G項(xiàng)：Instead,noticethenegativethoughtandthenletitfloataway.（相反，注意消極的想法，然后讓它飄走。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Don’tforgettobreathe.（別忘了呼吸。）”可知，本段內(nèi)容與用呼吸來(lái)放松有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)中的“breathe”與標(biāo)題呼應(yīng)。D項(xiàng)：Andthenpausetorelaxandbreathe.（然后停下來(lái)放松和呼吸。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。18．〖解析〗空處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文““Justbecauseyouhaveathoughtdoesn’tmeanit’strue.Whenyounoticeyou’rebeinghardonyourselforthinkingverynegatively,takeastepbackandquestionthethoughtyou’rehaving,”suggestsTouroni.（“僅僅因?yàn)槟阌幸粋€(gè)想法并不意味著它是真實(shí)的。當(dāng)你注意到自己對(duì)自己太苛刻或想法很消極時(shí)，退后一步，質(zhì)疑自己的想法，”托羅尼建議。）”可知，本段主要講述要質(zhì)疑自己的一些想法。C項(xiàng)：Don’tbelieveeverythingyouthink.（不要相信你所想的一切。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文中的“takeastepbackandquestionthethoughtyou’rehaving（退后一步，質(zhì)疑自己提出的想法。）”和下文“Areyoujumpingtoconclusions?（你草率下結(jié)論了嗎？）可知，空處提出是否有支撐的證據(jù)。E項(xiàng)：Isthereanyevidencetosupportthis?（有證據(jù)支持這一想法嗎？）承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Whennegativethoughtsgetaholdonyou,Manlyrecommendsfocusingonapositivemessageormantrathatfeelsstrongandcalmingforyou.（當(dāng)消極的想法控制你時(shí)，Manly建議專注于積極的信息或能讓你感到強(qiáng)大和平靜的咒語(yǔ)。）和“Allwillbewell（一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的）”可知，空處說(shuō)明所有的問(wèn)題都將得到解決。A項(xiàng)：Thingswillworkout.（事情將會(huì)解決的）承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Twoyearsago,myfriendMelOlsenandIdrovetoOregontoclimb11,249-footMountHood.It’s____21____tostartwinterclimbsatnightwhenthere’slessriskofthesunmelting(融化)thesnowpack.Thatday,we____22____at3a.m.Alongtheway,we____23____twootherclimbers,andthefourofuscontinuedontogether.Afteraboutfivehours,we____24____Devil’sKitchen,aplateau(高原)ofabout10,000feet.Thewindconditionswere____25____.Myskinfeltasthoughitwereburning.Theotherclimbersdecidedto____26____,butMelandIwentahead.Wehadhelmets(頭盔),icecramponsandotherequipment.Wewere____27____theclimb.Ataround9a.m.,wereachedanicestep,aboutfourfeettall.Ivolunteeredto____28____first.Iplacedmyleftfootontheicestepanditfeltgood.____29____Iwassafe,Iputmyfullweightonit.____30____,awholeblockoficebrokeoffthestep,rightundermyfoot.Immediately,Ifellbackwardand____31____rollingdownthemountain.Afterafewseconds,Icametoa____32____onashallowincline(斜坡).I’dfallen600feet.LaterI’dlearnthatI’dbrokenmyleftleg.Iwasinhospitalforaweek.Sixmonthslater,I____33____andwasbackonthemountains.The____34____hasn’tkeptmefromdoingwhatIlove,butithasmadememore____35____.Onefallonamountaincanchangeeverything.21.A.funnier B.safer C.harder D.stranger22．A.called B.relaxed C.continued D.started23．A.met B.remembered C.reminded D.defeated24．A.discovered B.introduced C.reached D.searched25．A.similar B.fair C.perfect D.terrible26．A.turnback B.catchup C.getout D.showoff27．A.worriedabout B.preparedfor C.patientwith D.boredat28．A.answer B.go C.play D.look29．A.Grateful B.Proud C.Surprised D.Confident30．A.Suddenly B.Generally C.Possibly D.Finally31．A.considered B.imagined C.began D.suggested32．A.change B.decision C.rest D.stop33．A.agreed B.regretted C.escaped D.recovered34．A.problem B.fall C.rule D.wait35．A.careful B.curious C.satisfied D.successful【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和朋友去登山，由于太過(guò)自信作者從山上摔了下來(lái)，摔斷了左腿。但這次跌倒并沒(méi)有阻止作者做自己喜歡的事情，但它讓作者更加小心?！即鸢浮?1.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.D34.B35.A21．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在夜間開(kāi)始冬季攀登比較安全，因?yàn)樘?yáng)融化積雪的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小。A.funnier更有趣的；B.safer更安全的；C.harder更努力的；D.stranger更陌生的。根據(jù)后文“whenthere’slessriskofthesunmeltingthesnowpack”可知，夜間太陽(yáng)融化積雪的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小，所以在夜間開(kāi)始冬季攀登比較安全，故選B。22．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，我們凌晨3點(diǎn)出發(fā)。A.called打電話；B.relaxed放松；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.started開(kāi)始。上文提到了夜間攀登比較安全，所以他們是凌晨三點(diǎn)出發(fā)的。故選D。23．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一路上，我們遇到了另外兩個(gè)登山者，我們四個(gè)人一起繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。A.met遇見(jiàn)；B.remembered記得；C.reminded提醒；D.defeated打敗。根據(jù)后文“twootherclimbers,andthefourofuscontinuedontogether”可知，他們又遇到了另外兩個(gè)登山者。故選A。24．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大約5個(gè)小時(shí)后，我們到達(dá)了“魔鬼廚房”，一個(gè)海拔約1萬(wàn)英尺的高原。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.introduced介紹；C.reached到達(dá)；D.searched搜索。根據(jù)后文“Devil’sKitchen,aplateauofabout10,000feet”指他們到達(dá)了一個(gè)高原。故選C。25．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：風(fēng)的情況很可怕。A.similar相似的；B.fair公平的；C.perfect完美的；D.terrible糟糕的。根據(jù)后文“Myskinfeltasthoughitwereburning.(我的皮膚好像在燃燒)”可知，風(fēng)的情況很可怕。故選D。26．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：其他登山者決定折返，但梅爾和我往前走。A.turnback返回；B.catchup趕上；C.getout離開(kāi)；D.showoff炫耀。根據(jù)后文“butMelandIwentahead”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明其他登山者決定折返，故選A。27．〖解析〗考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們?yōu)榕实亲龊昧藴?zhǔn)備。A.worriedabout擔(dān)心；B.preparedfor做好準(zhǔn)備；C.patientwith有耐心；D.boredat厭倦。根據(jù)上文“Wehadhelmets,icecramponsandotherequipment.(我們有頭盔、冰爪和其他裝備)”可知，他們?yōu)榕实亲龊昧藴?zhǔn)備。故選B。28．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我自告奮勇先去。A.answer回答；B.go去；C.play玩耍；D.look看。根據(jù)后文“Iplacedmyleftfootontheicestepanditfeltgood.(我把左腳放在冰臺(tái)階上，感覺(jué)很好)”可知，作者自告奮勇先去。故選B。29．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我確信我是安全的，所以我把全部重量都放在了上面。A.Grateful感謝的；B.Proud驕傲的；C.Surprised驚訝的；D.Confident自信的。根據(jù)上文“Iplacedmyleftfootontheicestepanditfeltgood.(我把左腳放在冰臺(tái)階上，感覺(jué)很好)”可知，作者確信自己是安全的，所以把全部重量都放在了上面。故選D。30．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，一大塊冰從臺(tái)階上掉了下來(lái)，就在我腳下。A.Suddenly突然；B.Generally通常；C.Possibly可能地；D.Finally最后。根據(jù)后文“awholeblockoficebrokeoffthestep,rightundermyfoot.”可知，發(fā)生了突發(fā)情況，冰掉下來(lái)了，故選A。31．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我立刻向后摔倒，開(kāi)始從山上滾下來(lái)。A.considered考慮；B.imagined想象；C.began開(kāi)始；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)后文“rollingdownthemountain”可知作者摔倒后開(kāi)始滾下山。故選C。32．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾秒鐘后，我在一個(gè)淺斜坡上停了下來(lái)。A.change改變；B.decision決定；C.rest休息；D.stop停止。根據(jù)后文“I’dfallen600feet.LaterI’dlearnthatI’dbrokenmyleftleg.(我跌了600英尺。后來(lái)我才知道我摔斷了左腿)”可知，在一個(gè)淺斜坡上停了下來(lái)。故選D。33．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：六個(gè)月后，我恢復(fù)了健康，回到了山上。A.agreed同意；B.regretted后悔；C.escaped逃走；D.recovered恢復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“andwasbackonthemountains.”可知，作者恢復(fù)了健康，回到了山上。故選D。34．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次跌倒并沒(méi)有阻止我做我喜歡的事情，但它讓我更加小心。A.problem問(wèn)題；B.fall落下，跌倒；C.rule規(guī)則；D.wait等待。根據(jù)后文“Onefallonamountaincanchangeeverything.(一次摔在山上可以改變一切)”指造成作者骨折的那次跌倒。故選B。35．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這次跌倒并沒(méi)有阻止我做我喜歡的事情，但它讓我更加小心。A.careful仔細(xì)的.小心的；B.curious好奇的；C.satisfied滿足的；D.successful成功的。根據(jù)上文“ithasmadememore”以及后文“Onefallonamountaincanchangeeverything.(一次摔在山上可以改變一切)”可知，跌倒讓作者登山更加小心了。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。YuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”，stillconsiders____36____(he)tobeafarmer.Whenhewasyoung,hewasencouragedtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.However,____37____concernedhimmostwasfarmers’shortageoffoodtoeat,andasaconsequence,hehada____38____(prefer)tostudyagricultureatcollege.Aftergraduatingin1953,heworkedasaresearcherandwasdevotedto____39____(create)akindofhybridrice,whichcouldattaina____40____(high)yield.In1974,hesucceededinmakingit____41____reality.Today,about60%ofdomesticriceconsumptioninChina____42____(comprise)ofcropsgeneratedfromhishybridstrains,forwhichhehasreceivednumerousawardsathomeandabroad.Butthehumorousold“farmer”，caringlittle____43____celebrityormoney,wasstillleadingasimplelife.Despitehis____44____(advance)years,hewastrying_____45_____(accomplish)hisdreamsofgettingridofhunger.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了袁隆平對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)?！即鸢浮?6.himself37.what38.preference39.creating40.higher41.a42.iscomprised43.for##about44.advanced45.toaccomplish36．〖解析〗考查代詞。句意：被稱為“雜交水稻之父”的袁隆平仍然認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)農(nóng)民。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)指代同一人，用反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填himself。37．〖解析〗考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：然而他最擔(dān)心的是農(nóng)民吃的食物短缺，因此，他更喜歡在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)業(yè)。空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示事物，所以應(yīng)用what“……的事物，什么”引導(dǎo)。故填what。38．〖解析〗考查名詞。句意同上。不定冠詞修飾單數(shù)名詞，作賓語(yǔ)，故填preference。39．〖解析〗考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：1953年畢業(yè)后，他從事研究工作，致力于創(chuàng)造一種更高產(chǎn)雜交水稻。bedevotedtodoingsth.意為“致力于做某事”，to為介詞，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填creating。40．〖解析〗考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：1953年畢業(yè)后，他從事研究工作，致力于創(chuàng)造一種更高產(chǎn)雜交水稻。根據(jù)句意，此處表示比現(xiàn)有水稻更高產(chǎn)的水稻，修飾名詞yield用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，故填higher。41．〖解析〗考查冠詞。句意：1974年，他成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了這一目標(biāo)。reality意為“事實(shí)”，為可數(shù)名詞，這里