電氣專業(yè)英語詞匯

電氣專業(yè)英語詞匯電壓源voltagesource電流源currentsource理想電壓源idealvoltagesource理想電流源idealcurrentsource伏安特性volt-amperecharacteristic電動(dòng)勢(shì)electromotiveforce電壓voltage電流current電位potential電位差potentialdifference歐姆Ohm伏特Volt安培Ampere瓦特Watt焦耳Joule電路circuit電路元件circuitelement電阻resistance電阻器resistor電感inductance電感器inductor電容capacitance電容器capacitor電路模型circuitmodel參考方向referencedirection參考電位referencepotential歐姆定律Ohm’slaw基爾霍夫定律Kirchhoff’slaw基爾霍夫電壓定律Kirchhoff’svoltagelaw（KVL）基爾霍夫電流定律Kirchhoff’scurrentlaw（KCL）結(jié)點(diǎn)node支路branch回路loop網(wǎng)孔mesh支路電流法branchcurrentanalysis網(wǎng)孔電流法meshcurrentanalysis結(jié)點(diǎn)電位法nodevoltageanalysis電源變換sourcetransformations疊加原理superpositiontheorem網(wǎng)絡(luò)network無源二端網(wǎng)絡(luò)passivetwo-terminalnetwork有源二端網(wǎng)絡(luò)activetwo-terminalnetwork戴維寧定理Thevenin’stheorem諾頓定理Norton’stheorem開路（斷路）opencircuit短路shortcircuit開路電壓open-circuitvoltage短路電流short-circuitcurrent直流電路directcurrentcircuit(dc)交流電路alternatingcurrentcircuit(ac)正弦交流電路sinusoidala-ccircuit平均值averagevalue有效值effectivevalue均方根值root-mean-squirevalue(rms)瞬時(shí)值instantaneousvalue電抗reactance感抗inductivereactance容抗capacitivereactance法拉Farad亨利Henry阻抗impedance復(fù)數(shù)阻抗compleximpedance相位phase初相位initialphase相位差phasedifference相位領(lǐng)先phaselead相位落后phaselag倒相，反相phaseinversion頻率frequency角頻率angularfrequency赫茲Hertz相量phasor相量圖phasordiagram有功功率activepower無功功率reactivepower視在功率apparentpower功率因數(shù)powerfactor功率因數(shù)補(bǔ)償power-factorcompensation串聯(lián)諧振seriesresonance并聯(lián)諧振parallelresonance諧振頻率resonancefrequency頻率特性frequencycharacteristic幅頻特性amplitude-frequencyresponsecharacteristic相頻特性phase-frequencyresponsecharacteristic截止頻率cutofffrequency品質(zhì)因數(shù)qualityfactor通頻帶pass-band帶寬bandwidth(BW)濾波器filter一階濾波器first-orderfilter二階濾波器second-orderfilter低通濾波器low-passfilter高通濾波器high-passfilter帶通濾波器band-passfilter帶阻濾波器band-stopfilter轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù)transferfunction波特圖Bodediagram傅立葉級(jí)數(shù)Fourierseries三相電路three-phasecircuit三相電源three-phasesource對(duì)稱三相電源symmetricalthree-phasesource對(duì)稱三相負(fù)載symmetricalthree-phaseload相電壓phasevoltage相電流phasecurrent線電壓linevoltage線電流linecurrent三相三線制three-phasethree-wiresystem三相四線制three-phasefour-wiresystem三相功率three-phasepower星形連接starconnection(Y-connection)三角形連接triangularconnection(D-connection,deltaconnection)中線neutralline暫態(tài)transientstate穩(wěn)態(tài)steadystate暫態(tài)過程，暫態(tài)響應(yīng)transientresponse換路定理lowofswitch一階電路first-ordercircuit三要素法three-factormethod時(shí)間常數(shù)timeconstant積分電路integratingcircuit微分電路differentiatingcircuit磁路與變壓器磁場magneticfield磁通flux磁路magneticcircuit磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度fluxdensity磁通勢(shì)magnetomotiveforce磁阻reluctance直流電動(dòng)機(jī)dcmotor交流電動(dòng)機(jī)acmotor異步電動(dòng)機(jī)asynchronousmotor同步電動(dòng)機(jī)synchronousmotor三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)three-phaseasynchronousmotor單相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)single-phaseasynchronousmotor旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場rotatingmagneticfield定子stator轉(zhuǎn)子rotor轉(zhuǎn)差率slip起動(dòng)電流startingcurrent起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩startingtorque額定電壓ratedvoltage額定電流ratedcurrent額定功率ratedpower機(jī)械特性mechanicalcharacteristic按鈕button熔斷器fuse開關(guān)switch行程開關(guān)travelswitch繼電器relay接觸器contactor常開(動(dòng)合)觸點(diǎn)normallyopencontact常閉(動(dòng)斷)觸點(diǎn)normallyclosedcontact時(shí)間繼電器timerelay熱繼電器thermaloverloadrelay中間繼電器intermediaterelay可編程控制器programmablelogiccontroller語句表statementlist梯形圖ladderdiagram本征半導(dǎo)體intrinsicsemiconductor摻雜半導(dǎo)體dopedsemiconductorP型半導(dǎo)體P-typesemiconductorN型半導(dǎo)體N--typesemiconductor自由電子freeelectron空穴hole載流子carriersPN結(jié)PNjunction擴(kuò)散diffusion漂移drift二極管diode硅二極管silicondiode鍺二極管germaniumdiode陽極anode陰極cathode發(fā)光二極管light-emittingdiode(LED)光電二極管photodiode穩(wěn)壓二極管Zenerdiode晶體管（三極管）transistorPNP型晶體管PNPtransistorNPN型晶體管NPNtransistor發(fā)射極emitter集電極collector基極base電流放大系數(shù)currentamplificationcoefficient場效應(yīng)管field-effecttransistor(FET)P溝道p-channelN溝道n-channel結(jié)型場效應(yīng)管junctionFET（JFET）金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體metal-oxidesemiconductor(MOS)耗盡型MOS場效應(yīng)管depletionmodeMOSFET（D-MOSFET）增強(qiáng)型MOS場效應(yīng)管enhancementmodeMOSFET（E-MOSFET）源極source柵極grid漏極drain跨導(dǎo)transconductance夾斷電壓pinch-offvoltage熱敏電阻thermistor開路open短路shorted放大器amplifier正向偏置forwardbias反向偏置backwardbias靜態(tài)工作點(diǎn)quiescentpoint(Q-point)等效電路equivalentcircuit電壓放大倍數(shù)voltagegain總的電壓放大倍數(shù)overallvoltagegain飽和saturation截止cut-off放大區(qū)amplifierregion飽和區(qū)saturationregion截止區(qū)cut-offregion失真distortion飽和失真saturationdistortion截止失真cut-offdistortion零點(diǎn)漂移zerodrift正反饋positivefeedback負(fù)反饋negativefeedback串聯(lián)負(fù)反饋seriesnegativefeedback并聯(lián)負(fù)反饋parallelnegativefeedback共射極放大器common-emitteramplifier射極跟隨器emitter-follower共源極放大器common-sourceamplifier共漏極放大器common-drainamplifier多級(jí)放大器multistageamplifier阻容耦合放大器resistance-capacitancecoupledamplifier直接耦合放大器direct-coupledamplifier輸入電阻inputresistance輸出電阻outputresistance負(fù)載電阻loadresistance動(dòng)態(tài)電阻dynamicresistance負(fù)載電流loadcurrent旁路電容bypasscapacitor耦合電容coupledcapacitor直流通路directcurrentpath交流通路alternatingcurrentpath直流分量directcurrentcomponent交流分量alternatingcurrentcomponent變阻器（電位器）rheostat電阻（器）resistor電阻（值）resistance電容（器）capacitor電容（量）capacitance電感（器，線圈）inductor電感（量），感應(yīng)系數(shù)inductance正弦電壓sinusoidalvoltage差動(dòng)放大器differentialamplifier運(yùn)算放大器operationalamplifier(op-amp)失調(diào)電壓offsetvoltage失調(diào)電流offsetcurrent共模信號(hào)common-modesignal差模信號(hào)different-modesignal共模抑制比common-moderejectionratio(CMRR)積分電路integrator（circuit）微分電路differentiator（circuit）有源濾波器activefilter低通濾波器low-passfilter高通濾波器high-passfilter帶通濾波器band-passfilter帶阻濾波器band-stopfilter波特沃斯濾波器Butterworthfilter切比雪夫?yàn)V波器Chebyshevfilter貝塞爾濾波器Besselfilter截止頻率cut-offfrequency上限截止頻率uppercut-offfrequency下限截止頻率lowercut-offfrequency中心頻率centerfrequency帶寬Bandwidth開環(huán)增益open-loopgain閉環(huán)增益closed-loopgain共模增益common-modegain輸入阻抗inputimpedance電壓跟隨器voltage-follower電壓源voltagesource電流源currentsource單位增益帶寬unity-gainbandwidth頻率響應(yīng)frequencyresponse頻響特性（曲線）responsecharacteristic波特圖theBodeplot穩(wěn)定性stability補(bǔ)償compensation比較器comparator遲滯比較器hysteresiscomparator階躍輸入電壓stepinputvoltage儀表放大器instrumentationamplifier隔離放大器isolationamplifier對(duì)數(shù)放大器logamplifier反對(duì)數(shù)放大器antilogamplifier反饋通道feedbackpath反向漏電流reverseleakagecurrent相位phase相移phaseshift鎖相環(huán)phase-lockedloop(PLL)鎖相環(huán)相位監(jiān)測(cè)器PLLphasedetector和頻sumfrequency差頻differencefrequency振蕩器oscillatorRC振蕩器RCoscillatorLC振蕩器LCoscillator正弦波振蕩器sinusoidaloscillator三角波發(fā)生器triangularwavegenerator方波發(fā)生器squarewavegenerator幅度magnitude電平level飽和輸出電平（電壓）saturatedoutputlevel功率放大器poweramplifier交越失真cross-overdistortion甲類功率放大器classApoweramplifier乙類推挽功率放大器classBpush-pullpoweramplifierOTL功率放大器outputtransformerlesspoweramplifierOCL功率放大器outputcapacitorlesspoweramplifier半波整流full-waverectifier全波整流half-waverectifier電感濾波器inductorfilter電容濾波器capacitorfilter串聯(lián)型穩(wěn)壓電源series(voltage)regulator開關(guān)型穩(wěn)壓電源switching(voltage)regulator集成穩(wěn)壓器IC(voltage)regulator晶閘管及可控整流電路晶閘管thyristor單結(jié)晶體管unijunctiontransistor（UJT）可控整流controlledrectifier可控硅silicon-controlledrectifier峰點(diǎn)peakpoint谷點(diǎn)valleypoint控制角controllingangle導(dǎo)通角turn-onangle二進(jìn)制binary二進(jìn)制數(shù)binarynumber十進(jìn)制decimal十六進(jìn)制hexadecimal二-十進(jìn)制binarycodeddecimal（BCD）門電路gate三態(tài)門tri-stategate與門ANDgate或門ORgate非門NOTgate與非門NANDgate或非門NORgate異或門exclusive-ORgate反相器inverter布爾代數(shù)Booleanalgebra真值表truthtable卡諾圖theKarnaughmap邏輯函數(shù)logicfunction邏輯表達(dá)式logicexpression組合邏輯電路combinationlogiccircuit譯碼器decoder編碼器coder比較器comparator半加器half-adder全加器full-adder七段顯示器seven-segmentdisplay時(shí)序邏輯電路sequentiallogiccircuitR-S觸發(fā)器R-Sflip-flopD觸發(fā)器Dflip-flopJ-K觸發(fā)器J-Kflip-flop主從型觸發(fā)器master-slaveflip-flop置位set復(fù)位reset直接置位端direct-setterminal直接復(fù)位端direct-resetterminal寄存器register移位寄存器shiftregister雙向移位寄存器bidirectionalshiftregister計(jì)數(shù)器counter同步計(jì)數(shù)器synchronouscounter異步計(jì)數(shù)器asynchronouscounter加法計(jì)數(shù)器addingcounter減法計(jì)數(shù)器subtractingcounter定時(shí)器timer清除（清0）clear載入load時(shí)鐘脈沖clockpulse觸發(fā)脈沖triggerpulse上升沿positiveedge下降沿negativeedge時(shí)序圖timingdiagram波形圖waveform單穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器monostableflip-flop雙穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器bistableflip-flop無穩(wěn)態(tài)振蕩器astableoscillator晶體crystal555定時(shí)器555timer模擬信號(hào)analogsignal數(shù)字信號(hào)digitalsignalAD轉(zhuǎn)換器analog-digitalconverter(ADC)DA轉(zhuǎn)換器digital-analogconverter(DAC)半導(dǎo)體存儲(chǔ)器只讀存儲(chǔ)器read-onlymemory（ROM）隨機(jī)存取存儲(chǔ)器random-accessmemory（RAM）可編程ROMprogrammableROM（PROM）發(fā)電機(jī)generator勵(lì)磁excitation勵(lì)磁器excitor電壓voltage電流current升壓變壓器step-uptransformer母線bus變壓器transformer空載損耗：no-loadloss

鐵損：ironloss銅損：copperloss空載電流：no-loadcurrent

有功損耗：reactiveloss

無功損耗：activeloss輸電系統(tǒng)powertransmissionsystem高壓側(cè)highside輸電線transmissionline高壓:highvoltage

低壓：lowvoltage中壓：middlevoltage功角穩(wěn)定anglestability

穩(wěn)定stability電壓穩(wěn)定voltagestability暫態(tài)穩(wěn)定transientstability電廠powerplant能量輸送powertransfer交流AC

直流DC電網(wǎng)powersystem落點(diǎn)droppoint開關(guān)站switchstation調(diào)節(jié)regulation高抗highvoltageshuntreactor

并列的：apposable裕度margin故障fault三相故障threephasefault

分接頭：tap切機(jī)generatortriping高頂值highlimitedvalue靜態(tài)static(state)動(dòng)態(tài)dynamic(state)

機(jī)端電壓控制AVR電抗reactance電阻resistance功角powerangle有功（功率）activepower電容器：Capacitor

電抗器：Reactor斷路器：Breaker電動(dòng)機(jī)：motor功率因數(shù)：power-factor定子：stator阻抗：impedance

功角：power-angle電壓等級(jí)：voltagegrade有功負(fù)載:activeloadPLoad

無功負(fù)載：reactiveload檔位：tapposition電阻：resistor

電抗：reactance電導(dǎo)：conductance電納：susceptance

上限:upperlimit下限：lowerlimit正序阻抗：positivesequenceimpedance

負(fù)序阻抗：negativesequenceimpedance零序阻抗：zerosequenceimpedance無功（功率）reactivepower功率因數(shù)powerfactor無功電流reactivecurrent斜率slope

額定rating變比ratio參考值referencevalue電壓互感器PT分接頭tap仿真分析simulationanalysis

下降率drooprate傳遞函數(shù)transferfunction框圖blockdiagram

受端receive-side同步synchronization保護(hù)斷路器circuitbreaker搖擺swing阻尼damping無刷直流電機(jī)：BruslessDCmotor刀閘(隔離開關(guān))：Isolator

機(jī)端generatorterminal變電站transformersubstation永磁同步電機(jī)：Permanent-magnetSynchronismMotor異步電機(jī)：AsynchronousMotor三繞組變壓器：three-columntransformerThrClnTrans雙繞組變壓器：double-columntransformerDblClmnTrans固定串聯(lián)電容補(bǔ)償fixedseriescapacitorcompensation雙回同桿并架double-circuitlinesonthesametower單機(jī)無窮大系統(tǒng)onemachine-infinitybussystem勵(lì)磁電流：magnetizingcurrent補(bǔ)償度degreeofcompensationElectromagneticfields電磁場失去同步lossofsynchronization裝機(jī)容量installedcapacity

無功補(bǔ)償reactivepowercompensation故障切除時(shí)間faultclearingtime極限切除時(shí)間criticalclearingtime強(qiáng)行勵(lì)磁reinforcedexcitation并聯(lián)電容器：shuntcapacitor<下降特性droopcharacteristics線路補(bǔ)償器LDC(linedropcompensation)電機(jī)學(xué)ElectricalMachinery自動(dòng)控制理論AutomaticControlTheory電磁場ElectromagneticField微機(jī)原理PrincipleofMicrocomputer電工學(xué)ElectrotechnicsPrincipleofcircuits電路原理ElectricalMachinery電機(jī)學(xué)電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)分析Steady-StateAnalysisofPowerSystem電力系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)分析Transient-StateAnalysisofPowerSystem電力系統(tǒng)繼電保護(hù)原理PrincipleofElectricalSystem'sRelayProtection電力系統(tǒng)元件保護(hù)原理ProtectionPrincipleofPowerSystem'sElement電力系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部過電壓PastVoltagewithinPowersystem模擬電子技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)BasisofAnalogueElectronicTechnique數(shù)字電子技術(shù)DigitalElectricalTechnique電路原理實(shí)驗(yàn)Lab.ofprincipleofcircuits電氣工程講座Lecturesonelectricalpowerproduction電力電子基礎(chǔ)Basicfundamentalsofpowerelectronics高電壓工程Highvoltageengineering電子專題實(shí)踐Topicsonexperimentalprojectofelectronics電氣工程概論Introductiontoelectricalengineering電子電機(jī)集成系統(tǒng)electronicmachinesystem電力傳動(dòng)與控制ElectricalDriveandControl電力系統(tǒng)繼電保護(hù)PowerSystemRelayingProtectioninductionmachine感應(yīng)式電機(jī)horseshoemagnet馬蹄形磁鐵magneticfield磁場eddycurrent渦流right-handrule右手定則left-handrule左手定則slip轉(zhuǎn)差率inductionmotor感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)rotatingmagneticfield旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場winding繞組stator定子rotor轉(zhuǎn)子inducedcurrent感生電流time-phase時(shí)間相位excitingvoltage勵(lì)磁電壓solt槽lamination疊片laminatedcore疊片鐵芯short-circuitingring短路環(huán)squirrelcage鼠籠rotorcore轉(zhuǎn)子鐵芯cast-aluminumrotor鑄鋁轉(zhuǎn)子bronze青銅horsepower馬力random-wound散繞insulation絕緣acmotor交流環(huán)電動(dòng)機(jī)endring端環(huán)alloy合金coilwinding線圈繞組form-wound模繞performancecharacteristic工作特性frequency頻率revolutionsperminute轉(zhuǎn)/分motoring電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)generating發(fā)電per-unitvalue標(biāo)么值breakdowntorque極限轉(zhuǎn)矩breakawayforce起步阻力overhauling檢修wind-drivengenerator風(fēng)動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)revolutionspersecond轉(zhuǎn)/秒numberofpoles極數(shù)speed-torquecurve轉(zhuǎn)速力矩特性曲線plugging反向制動(dòng)synchronousspeed同步轉(zhuǎn)速percentage百分?jǐn)?shù)locked-rotortorque鎖定轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)矩full-loadtorque滿載轉(zhuǎn)矩primemover原動(dòng)機(jī)inrushcurrent涌流magnetizingreacance磁化電抗line-to-neutral線與中性點(diǎn)間的staorwinding定子繞組leakagereactance漏磁電抗no-load空載fullload滿載Polyphase多相(的)iron-loss鐵損compleximpedance復(fù)數(shù)阻抗rotorresistance轉(zhuǎn)子電阻leakageflux漏磁通locked-rotor鎖定轉(zhuǎn)子choppercircuit斬波電路separatelyexcited他勵(lì)的compounded復(fù)勵(lì)dcmotor直流電動(dòng)機(jī)demachine直流電機(jī)speedregulation速度調(diào)節(jié)shunt并勵(lì)series串勵(lì)armaturecircuit電樞電路opticalfiber光纖interoffice局間的waveguide波導(dǎo)波導(dǎo)管bandwidth帶寬lightemittingdiode發(fā)光二極管silica硅石二氧化硅regeneration再生,后反饋放大coaxial共軸的,同軸的high-performance高性能的carrier載波mature成熟的SingleSideBand(SSB)單邊帶couplingcapacitor結(jié)合電容propagate傳導(dǎo)傳播modulator調(diào)制器demodulator解調(diào)器linetrap限波器shunt分路器AmplitudeModulation(AM調(diào)幅FrequencyShiftKeying(FSK)移頻鍵控