山西省呂梁市2021-2022學年高一英語下學期期末試題（解析版）

山西省呂梁市2021-2022學年高一英語下學期期末試題

（本試題滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉

涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱

讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatisthatforcecalled?

A.Thepowerofwind.B.Electricitypower.C.Gravity.

2.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Waitingtheman.B.Changingclothes.C.Typingapaper.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Englishlearning.B.Astudent.C.Aclass.

4Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?

A.Alltheinformationonlineisfalse.

B.Themandoesn,tknowthecomputeratall.

C.Thewomaniscautiouswhenshoppingonline.

5.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.HewillwatchTV.

B.Hehastoleaveearly.

C.Hewillhelpmakedinner.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個

小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。

6.Whatissaidaboutmedicaldevelopmentinthefuture?

A.Healthcarewillbefree.

B.Cancermaybecured.

C.AIDSwilldisappear.

7.Whatwillmakedistantplacesmorepopularforaholiday?

A.Lowercostforairtravel.

B.Fasterairtransport.

C.Betterairservice.

8.Whatisthetopicofthisinterview?

A.Futurewaysoftraveling.

B.Medicalprogressinthefuture.

C.Changesoflifeinthenextdecade.

聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。

9.Whatdoesthegirlwantherfathertobuy?

A.Aruler.B.High-techthings.C.Pencilsanderasers.

10.Whichofthefollowingdoesthefatherconsiderbuyingforhisdaughter?

A.AnMP3player.B.Acomputer.C.Acalculator.

11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeareasonforherfathertobuywhatshewants?

A.Shevolunteerstousesomeofherownmoney.

B.Sheasksherfathertobuyacheaponeonline.

C.Shetellsherfathersheisthebestinschool.

聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。

12.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

A.Atashop.B.Atabookstore.C.Atareadingroom.

13.Whatdoweknowaboutthebookthemanwouldlike?

A.ItisfullofinventedstoriesabouttheIndustrialRevolution.

B.Itdoesn,thavethenumberofISBN.

C.Itwaspublishedintheearly1980s.

14.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?

A.Readingonline.

B.Borrowingfromfriends.

C.Tryinganoldbookstore.

聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。

15.WhatisGaryDanko?

A.Thenameofarestaurant.

B.Thenameofaspecialdish.

C.ThenameofthewomanJshusband.

16.WhatdoweknowaboutthewomanJshusband?

A.Heisawaiter.B.Heisavegetarian.C.Heoftencooksathome.

2

17.Whatdoesn,tthemaneat?

A.Meat.B.Vegetables.C.Desserts.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.What'sthespeakertalkingabout?

A.ThelifeofStephenHarwking.

B.ThekeytoStephenHarwking'ssuccess.

C.TheeducationofStephenHawking.

19.WhendidHawkinggotoOxford?

A.In1943.B.In1953.C.In1956.

20.Whichofthefollowingbookswaspublishedin2001?

A.ABriefHistoryofTime.

B.BlackHoles.

C.TheUniverseinaNutshell.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Music

OperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,with

additionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArts

membershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.http:〃www.cityopera,com.

ChamberOrchestra:TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,

whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.Call723-1182formore

information.http://www,chamberorch.COOL

SymphonyOrchestra:AtMusicHallandRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300.

RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallandinsummeratRiverbend.

http:〃www.symphony,org/home.asp.

CollegeConservatoryofMusic（CCM）:Performancesareonthemaincampusof

theuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.CCMorganizesavarietyof

events,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM's

PhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethrough

modernmusic.StudentswithI.D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.Afreeschedule

ofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183.

http:〃www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.

3

RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththe

closestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:

232-6220.http:〃www.riverbendmusic,com.

1.Whichwebsiteshouldyouvisitifyouwanttoseeanopera?

A.http:〃www.riverbendmusic,com.B.

http://www.symphony,org/home.asp.

C.http:〃www.cityopera,com.D.http:〃www.chamberorch.com.

2.WherecanstudentsgoforfreeperformanceswiththeirI.D.cards?

A.PatriciaCobbettTheater.B.MemorialHall.

C.MusicHall.D.RiverbendMusicTheater.

3.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?

A.Itgivesshowsallyearround.B.Itoffersseatsintheopenair.

C.Ithasmembershipdiscounts.D.Itpresentsonlymusicalworks.

【答案】1.C2.A3.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章對五個網(wǎng)站上的歌劇及管弦樂等樂曲作品的演出時間，內(nèi)容

及購票等細節(jié)做了介紹。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段uOperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJune

throughAugust,withadditionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOpera

honorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.

http:〃www.cityopera,com.（音樂廳歌?。河軜浣?243號。從6月持續(xù)到8月，在3月和

9月有額外的演出。歌劇榮譽劭坊e享受會員折扣。電話：241-2742o

http://www.cityopera.com）,,可知，如果你想看歌劇,應該去http://www.cityopera,com。

故選C

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四則信息CollegeConservatoryofMusic（CCM）中的首句

uPerformancesareonthemaincampusoftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbett

Theater.（演出在大學的主校區(qū)，通常在帕特麗夏?科貝特劇院）”以及下文中的“Students

withID.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.（持身份證的學生可以免費參加活動）”

可知，學生可以憑身份證去PatriciaCobbettTheater免費看演出。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五則信息RiverbendMusicTheater中uLargeoutdoortheaterwith

theclosestseatsundercover（pricedifference）.（大型室外劇院,提供最接近的座位

4

（價格差異））”和對比其他信息可知,只有RiverbendMusicTheater是室外劇院,有提

供露天座位。因此，RiverbendMusicTheater和其他地方不同的是它有露天座位。故選B。

B

OnFebruary5,2022,ChinaclaimeditsfirstgoldattheBeijing2022Olympic

WinterGamesinthe2000mmixedteamrelayofshorttrackspeedskating.TheChinese

quartet（四人組）ofFanKexin,QuChunyu,RenZiweiandWuDajingstormedtoa

thrillingvictoryattheBeijingWinterOlympicsin2:37.348.Italytookthesilver

andHungarybaggedthebronze.

Accordingtotherules,eachteamismadeupoftwomenandtwowomen,andeach

offourskaterscoversfourandahalflapsinthe2000-meterrace.Olympicsilver

medalistFanskatedthefirstlegofthefinalrace,buttheracewasrestartedas

CanadianandHungarianathletesfelldownsoonafterthestartingpistol（發(fā)令槍）

wasfired.

Astheracestartedagain,Fanfinishedthefirstleginthird,andherteammates

camefrombehindtoleadtherace.Inthelasttenlaps,Chinasteadilyextended

theadvantage,whileskatersfromCanadaandHungarycollided（相撞）.TheItalians

finished0.016secondsbehindChina,almostcutthedeficit.PowerhousesSouthKorea

andtheNetherlandswerepenalizedandknockedoutfromthefinal.

'Tvebeenwaitingforthisgoldmedalforalongtime.Ialwaysbelievein

ourteamandmyteammates,“saidFanwithtearsrollingdownherfaceafterthe

competition."We'vebeentraininghardeveryday,andwecanevenfeelbloodin

ourthroatwhenwesteppedoutoftherink.Wemadeit!”Thevictorysolidifies

China,sdominanceinshort-trackspeedskating.Wusaid,uOurshorttrackteam

isabigfamily.Wenevergiveupandalwaysgoalloutforeveryopportunityto

win.”

4.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?

A.Toexplaintherulesofthespeedskatingevent.

B.Tointroducespeedskatersfromdifferentcountries.

C.Toshowtheresultoftheshort-trackspeedskatingrace.

D.TostresstheimportanceoftheChineseteam'svictory.

5.Whywasthemixed2000mrelayracerestarted?

A.Twoathletesfelldownaccidentallyinthefinalrace.

B.Thestartingpistolwasfiredatthewrongtime.

C.Someplayersbroketherulesinthecompetition.

5

D.Theskatingtrackwasnotingoodcondition.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“cutthedeficit“probablymeaninparagraph3?

A.Scoredthesame.B.Broketherecord.

C.Losttherace.D.Missedthematch.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheshorttrackteam'ssuccess?

A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Wellbegun,halfdone.

C.Eachcoinhastwosides.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelp

themselves.

【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是中國在北京2022年冬奧會短道速滑2000米混合

團體接力比賽中摘得首金的事情。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“OnFebruary5,2022,Chinaclaimeditsfirstgoldatthe

Beijing2022OlympicWinterGainesinthe2000mmixedteamrelayofshorttrackspeed

skating.TheChinesequartetofFanKexin,QuChunyu,RenZiweiandWuDajingstormed

toathrillingvictoryattheBeijingWinterOlympicsin2:37.348.Italytookthe

silverandHungarybaggedthebronze.（2022年2月5日，中國在北京2022年冬奧會短

道速滑2000米混合團體接力比賽中摘得首金。在北京冬奧會上，范可欣、曲春雨、任子威

和武大靖四人組合以2分37秒348的成績?nèi)〉昧梭@心動魄的勝利。意大利獲得銀牌，匈牙

利獲得銅牌）”可知，第一段的目的是展示短道速滑比賽的結果。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“OlympicsilvermedalistFanskatedthefirstlegofthe

finalrace,buttheracewasrestartedasCanadianandHungarianathletesfelldown

soonafterthestartingpistol（發(fā)令槍）wasfired.（奧運會銀牌得主Fan在決賽中滑

了第一回合，但在發(fā)令槍響后不久，加拿大和匈牙利運動員摔倒，比賽重新開始。）”可知，

重新開始2000米混合式接力賽是因為兩名運動員在決賽中意外摔倒。故選Ao

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheItaliansfinished0.016secondsbehindChina（意大

利隊落后中國隊0.016秒）”可知，兩隊之間的差距非常非常小，幾乎是一樣的分數(shù)，因此

cutthedeficit意為“得分相同”，和A選項意思相近，故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“We，vebeentraininghardeveryday（我們每天都在刻苦

訓I練）”和uWenevergiveupandalwaysgoalloutforeveryopportunitytowin.（我

6

們從不放棄，總是全力以赴，爭取每一個勝利的機會。”'可知，這個團隊訓練得很辛苦，

才有了好的成績，因此我們可以從短道速滑隊的成功中學到的是：自助者天助，即Godhelps

thosewhohelpthemselves,故選D°

C

Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom22healthydonatorsand

foundmicroplastics（微塑料）in17.HalfthesamplescontainedPETplastic,which

iscommonlyusedindrinksbottles,whileathirdcontainedpolystyrene（聚苯乙

烯），whichisusedforpackagingfoodandotherproducts.Aquarteroftheblood

samplescontainedpolyethylene,fromwhichplasticcarrierbagsaremade.

“Previousworkhadshownthatmicroplasticswere10timeshigherinthewaste

ofbabiescomparedwithadultsandthatbabiesfedwithplasticbottlesare

swallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles（彳散粒）aday.Wealsoknowingeneral

thatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure,“saidProfDick

Vethaak,ascientistatVrijeUniversiteitAmsterdam.uThatworriesmealot.”

Thenewresearchadaptedexistingtechniquestodetectandanalyzeparticles

assmallas0.0007mm.Someofthebloodsamplescontainedtwoorthreetypesof

plastic.Theteamusedsteelneedlesandglasstubestoavoidpollutionandtested

forbackgroundlevelsofmicroplasticsusingblanksamples.

Vethaakacknowledgedthattheamountandtypeofplasticvariedbetweentheblood

samples."Butthisisapioneeringstudy,“hesaid,“withmoreworknowneeded.”

Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-termexposurebeforethebloodsamples

weretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplasticcoffeecuporwearingaplasticface

mask.

“Aretheparticlespreservedinthebody?Aretheytransportedtocertainorgans?

Andaretheselevelshighenoughtocausedisease?”Vethaaksaid."Moredetailed

researchonhowmicroplasticsaffectthestructuresandprocessesofthehumanbody,

andwhetherandhowtheycantransformcellsandhowtheymaycausecancer,is

urgentlyneeded.Theproblemisbecomingmoreurgenteachday,“Vethaakadded.

8.Whatdoesthenewstudyinparagraph1show?

A.Microplasticpollutionisharmfultohumanhealth.

B.Drinksbottlescontainmoremicroplasticsthanplasticcarrierbags.

C.Microplasticshavebeenfoundinhumanbloodbyscientists.

D.Foodpackagingisthemainsourceofmicroplasticsinthehumanbody.

9.WhatmakesVethaakworriedinparagraph2?

7

A.Thefoodfedtobabies.B.Themassproductionofplastic

bottles.

C.Theeffectofmicroplasticsonbabies.D.Theincreasingamountof

chemicalsinfool.

10.WhatmightcausemicroplasticstovarybetweenbloodsamplesaccordingtoProf

DickVethaak?

A.Varioussamplingtime.B.Short-termexposuretoplastics

beforesampling.

C.Differentwaysofsampling.D.Pollutionofbloodsamples.

11.WhatistheVethaak,sattitudetotheeffectsofmicroplasticsonhumanbody

fromthelastparagraph?

A.Doubtful.B.Cautious.

C.Joyful.D.Anxious.

【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是在一項新的研究中，科學家分析了22名健康獻血

者的血液樣本，在17名獻血者中發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料，

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom

22healthydonatorsandfoundmicroplastics（微塑料）in17.（在一項新的研究中，科

學家分析了22名健康獻血者的血液樣本，在17名獻血者中發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料。）”可知，第一

段的新研究表明了科學家在人類血液中發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Previousworkhadshownthatmicroplasticswere10times

higherinthewasteofbabiescomparedwithadultsandthatbabiesfedwithplastic

bottlesareswallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles（微粒）aday.Wealsoknow

ingeneralthatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure（之前

的研究表明，嬰兒排泄物中的微粒是成人排泄物的10倍，用塑料瓶喂養(yǎng)的嬰兒每天吞咽數(shù)

百萬塑料微粒。我們也知道，一般來說，嬰兒對接觸化學物質和粒子更敏感）”可知，Vethaak

在第二段中擔心的是微塑料對嬰兒的影響。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的"Vethaakacknowledgedthattheamountandtypeof

plasticvariedbetweenthebloodsamples."Butthisisapioneeringstudy,“he

said,“withmoreworknowneeded."Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-term

8

exposurebeforethebloodsamplesweretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplasticcoffee

cuporwearingaplasticfacemask.（Vethaak承認,血液樣本中塑料的數(shù)量和類型各不

相同。“但這是一項開創(chuàng)性的研究，”他說，“現(xiàn)在還需要做更多的工作?！彼f，這種差

異可能反映了血樣采集前的短期接觸，比如用塑料咖啡杯喝咖啡或戴塑料口罩?！?可知，

根據(jù)DickVethaak教授的說法，導致不同血液樣本之間的微塑料不同的原因是取樣前短期

接觸塑料。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Moredetailedresearchonhowmicroplasticsaffectthe

structuresandprocessesofthehumanbody,andwhetherandhowtheycantransform

cellsandhowtheymaycausecancer,isurgentlyneeded.Theproblemisbecoming

moreurgenteachday（迫切需要對微塑料如何影響人體結構和過程，以及它們是否和如何

轉化細胞，以及它們?nèi)绾慰赡軐е掳┌Y進行更詳細的研究。這個問題每天都變得更加緊迫）”

可知，Vethaak對微塑料對人體的影響的態(tài)度是擔心的，即anxious。故選D。

D

Everydriverlovessailingthroughaseriesofgreenlightswithouthavingto

stopandwaitatatrafficlight.Now,thankstoartificialintelligence,German

researchershavefoundawaytoreducetimespentatcrossings.

CalledtheKI4LSAprojectandfundedbytheMinistryofTransportandDigital

Infrastructure,theinnovationisbeingtested.Scientistsfirststudiedalgorithms

（算法）takenfromabusycrossingtolearnabouttrafficpatternsandwhere

improvementsweremostneeded.Thereisagreatnecessitytospeedupwaitingtimes

atcrossingsastraditionalmethodsareinflexible,accordingtotheFraunhofer

Institute.

ThenewAImethodusesradarsensorsandhigh-resolutioncamerastointerpret

trafficpatternsinreal-time.Theycandeterminethespeedoftrafficaswellas

waitingtimesandcombinethiswithalgorithms.Scientistsarecurrentlytryingthis

outatabusycrossinginLemgo,Germany,withencouragingresults.

Theintelligentlightsaresaidtoimprovetrafficflowby10to15percent,

whichresultsinmoneysaved;theEUestimatesthattrafficjamscreateeconomic

damagethataddsupto100billioneurosayear.Apartfromreducingcommutingtime,

thesetrafficlightswillreducenoiseandC02emissionsfromcarsidling（空轉）

atcrossings.

AnotherexcitingdevelopmentinthisresearchistheK14PEDproject,which

studiespedestrianspassingcrossings.UsingAI,researcherscanidentifyhowmany

9

peoplearewaitingatapedestriancrossingandwhethersomeofthesepeoplewill

needextratimetocrossthestreet.Usinga3Dpointscloud,theycantellifsomeone

hasdisabilitiesoriselderlywithoutidentifyingtheindividual.Because

pedestrianbuttonsthatarepresentlyatcrossingscannotdetermineifsomepeople

havespecialneedsorareelderly,thisisarealwin.Suchaneeds-basedsystem

couldreducepedestrianwaitingtimeby30percent,whichcouldthendecrease

jaywalking（亂穿馬路）by25percent.

Testingwillbedoneuntilthelatesummerof2022intheGermantownsofLemgo

andBielefeld,withresearchersoptimisticthatitwillbeadoptedbymanycountries.

Thistechnologyisexcitingnewsforpedestriansanddriversalike.Itencourages

safety,protectstheenvironment,andmayevengiveyoumoretimetoenjoyyour

morningcoffeebeforeheadingofftowork!

12.WhatisthefunctionofAIintheKI4LSAproject?

AToavoidnoisepollution.B.Tocontrolthespeedoftraffic.

C.Toremindpeopleoftrafficrulesatcrossings.D.Toprovidereal-time

informationabouttraffic.

13Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Waysofimprovingtrafficflow.B.Thedevelopmentofartificial

intelligence.

C.Theeffectoftrafficjamsontheenvironment.D.Advantagescausedbythe

intelligentlights.

14.WhatcanwelearnabouttheK14PEDproject?

A.Itcanbehelpfultopedestrianswithspecialneeds.

B.Itcanidentifytheindividualaccurately.

C.Itcanavoidtrafficaccidentswitha3Dpointscloud.

D.Ithasbeenappliedtostreetsinmanycountries.

15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheBrightFutureofAITechnologyB.TheIntelligentTrafficLights:

ABlessingforTransportation

C.DigitalTrafficSystem:ASignofSmartCitesD.TheNewTrafficService

forOldCitizens

【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B

【解析】

10

【導語】本文是說明文。利用人工智能，德國研究人員找到了一種減少十字路口停留時間的

方法。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThenewAImethodusesradarsensorsandhigh-resolution

camerastointerprettrafficpatternsinreal-time.（這種新的人工智能方法使用雷達

傳感器和高分辨率攝像頭實時解讀交通模式）”可知，人工智能在KI4LSA項目中的作用是提

供實時的交通信息。故選D。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Theintelligentlightsaresaidtoimprovetrafficflowby

10to15percent,whichresultsinmoneysaved;theEUestimatesthattrafficjams

createeconomicdamagethataddsupto100billioneurosayear.Apartfromreducing

commutingtime,thesetrafficlightswillreducenoiseandC02emissionsfromcars

idling（空轉）atcrossings.（據(jù)說，智能燈可以使交通流量提高10%到15%,從而節(jié)省了

資金；歐盟估計，交通擁堵每年造成的經(jīng)濟損失總計達1000億歐元。除了減少通勤時間，

這些交通信號燈還將減少在十字路口怠速行駛的汽車產(chǎn)生的噪音和二氧化碳排放）”可知，

第四段主要講述了智能燈的優(yōu)點。故選D。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Anotherexcitingdevelopmentinthisresearchisthe

K14PEDproject,whichstudiespedestrianspassingcrossings.UsingAI,researchers

canidentifyhowmanypeoplearewaitingatapedestriancrossingandwhethersome

ofthesepeoplewillneedextratimetocrossthestreet.Usinga3Dpointscloud,

theycantellifsomeonehasdisabilitiesoriselderlywithoutidentifyingthe

individual.（這項研究中另一個令人興奮的進展是K14PED項目，它研究行人通過十字路口。

通過人工智能，研究人員可以確定有多少人在人行橫道前等待，以及其中一些人是否需要額

外的時間過馬路。通過使用3D點云，它們可以在不識別個體的情況下分辨出某人是殘疾人

還是老年人）”可知，K14PED項目的特殊之處在于可以滿足有特殊需求的行人。故選A。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Everydriverlovessailingthroughaseriesofgreenlights

withouthavingtostopandwaitatatrafficlight.Now,thankstoartificial

intelligence,Germanresearchershavefoundawaytoreducetimespentat

crossings.（每個司機都喜歡通過一系列的綠燈，而不必在紅綠燈前停下來等待。現(xiàn)在，多

虧了人工智能，德國研究人員找到了一種減少十字路口停留時間的方法）”可知，本文主要

講述了利用人工智能，德國研究人員找到了一種減少十字路口停留時間的方法。因此“智能

燈：交通的福音”是最佳標題。故選B。

II

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Anapologytellssomeonethatwearesorryforthehurtwecausedevenifwe

didn,tdoitonpurpose.

16

Apologiesareoneofthetoolsthatweusetobuildgoodfriendshipsand

relationships.Whenyousay“Iamsorry“andreallymeanit,it'sbecauseyou

probablyfeelbadthatsomethingyoudidorsaidhurttheotherperson.Sayingyou're

sorryismorethanjustwords.Youarealsosayingthatyourespecttheotherperson

andyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youmightfeelalittle

better.17Whenyouapologizeinacaringway,youcanfeelgoodbecause

youaretryingtomakethingsrightagain.

Doesapologizingfixeverything?

Sometimesasincere“Iamsorry“fixeseverythingrightaway.Othertimes,

itmighttakeawhileforsomeonetogetpast（通過）feelingupset.Youmayneed

togivetheotherpersonsometime.Evenafteryousayyouaresorry,heorshemight

stillfeelbadaboutwhatyousaidordid.18

Whatifyouhavebeenhurt?

19.However,ifapersonkeepshurtingyouandapologizingwithout

makinganefforttochange,youmaynotwanttomakefriendswithhim.Justbecause

someoneapologizes,yetitdoesn,tmeanyouhavetobefriends.20,

anythingmoreisuptoyou!

AHowshouldweapologize?

B.Whyshouldweapologize?

C.Althoughit'spolitetoacceptanapology,

D.Theotherpersonwillprobablyfeelbetter,too.

E.Whenheorshedoessomethingwrong,

F.Whensomeoneapologizestoyou,youmaywelcomeit.

G.Butatleastyoucanfeelgoodaboutapologizingorfixingthemistake.

【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了道歉能夠讓我們傷害到的人感受到我們的歉意。文

章從三個問題著手，介紹與道歉相關的三方面的內(nèi)容，即我們?yōu)槭裁吹狼?？道歉是否能解決

12

一切？以及要是我們被傷害了呢？文章告訴了我們道歉的必要性，重要作用以及自己受傷害

應該怎么應對。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“ApologiesareoneofthetoolsthatweusetobuiIdgoodfriendshipsand

relationships.Whenyousay“Iamsorry“andreallymeanit,it'sbecauseyou

probablyfeelbadthatsomethingyoudidorsaidhurttheotherperson.Sayingyou're

sorryismorethanjustwords.Youarealsosayingthatyourespecttheotherperson

andyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youmightfeelalite

better.（道歉是我們用來建立良好友誼和關系的工具之一。當你真心實意地說“對不起”的

時候，那可能是因為你對自己的所作所為傷害了他人而感到難過。說對不起不僅僅是口頭上

的。也說明你尊重對方，你關心他或她的感受。道歉之后，你可能會感覺好一點。）”可知，

這段講述的是道歉的好處，它不僅是我們建立好的友誼和關系的工具之一。它也會讓我們傷

到的人感受到我們尊重他們的感受。因此，此處是在回答為什么道歉這個問題。由此處考查

小標題可知，B選項"Whyshouldweapologize?（我們?yōu)槭裁匆狼?？）”符合語意。故選

B項。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Youarealsosayingthatyourespecttheotherpersonandyoucareabout

hisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youmightfeelalittlebetter.（也說明你

尊重對方，你關心他或她的感受。道歉之后，你可能會感覺好一點。）”可知，道歉之后你

會感覺好多了，而被傷害的人，知道你對他或她的感受很在意，他們也會感到好很多。D項

“Theotherpersonwi11probablyfeelbetter,too.（另一個人可能也會感覺好些）”符

合題意，選項中的theother呼應上文的theotherperson?故選D項。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Sometimesasincere“Iamsorry"fixeseverythingrightaway.Other

times,itmighttakeawhileforsomeonetogetpast（通過）feelingupset.Youmay

needtogivetheotherpersonsometime.Evenafteryousayyouaresorry,heor

shemightsti11feelbadaboutwhatyousaidordid.（有時候一句真誠的"對不起”

可以立刻解決一切。