英美文學(xué)大三上

THEANGLO-NORMAMPERIODPARTⅡtime:1066—1355(盎格魯-諾曼時期)1somenewwordsHastings黑斯廷戰(zhàn)役theAnglo-Saxons盎格魯—撒克遜人Scandinavia斯堪的納維亞半島DukeofNormandy諾曼底公爵Teutonic條頓人、日耳曼人Celtic凱爾特人Arthur亞瑟人Charlemagne查理曼大帝Troy特洛伊Gawain高文Launcelot蘭斯魯特Merlin默林theHolyGrail圣杯2HistoricalBackgroundThemostimportantevents1.TheNormanConquestIn1066,atthebattleofHastings,William,theenergeticDukeofNormandy,defeatedtheAnglo-SaxonsandbecamethekingoftheEngland.2.TheconsequenceoftheconquestPolitically,afeudal(封建的）systermandacentralizedgovernmentwasestablishedinEngland.Religionsly,theRome-backedCatholic（天主教）churchhadamuchstrongercontroloverthecountry.3HistoricalBackgroundGreatchangestookplaceinlanguages,theNormanlordsspokeFrench;commonEnglishspokeoldEnglish;Latinbecametheprincipaltongueofchurchaffairsandwasusedbytheclergymen（牧師）andscholars.NormansbroughttheirownliteraturetoEngland.4MedievalEnglishLiteratureMedievalRomanceThefeatureofRomancea.TheRomancewasalongcomposition,sometimesinverse,sometimesinprose,describingthelifeandadventuresofanoblehero.b.Hero;usuallytheknight,amanofnoblebirth,skilledintheuseofweapons,setsoutonajourneytoaccomplishsomegoal---toprotectthechurchandtheking,toattackinfidelity,torescueamaiden,tomeetachallenge,ortoobeyaknightlycommand.c.Thestructureislooseandepisodic;thelanguageandstylearesimpleandstraightforeward.d.Itwswrittenforthenobleclass,soithadnothingtodowiththecommonpeople.5MedievalEnglishLiteraturee.Itexaggeratesthevicesofhumannatureandidealizesthevirtuesf.Itcontainsperilousadventuresmoreorlessremotefromordinarylife,evendiscribessupernaturalthings.6MedievalEnglishLiteratureRomancecycles1."MattersofBritain"(adventuresofkingAuthurandhisknightsoftheRoundTable)2."M