高考英語一輪復習第四輯 Unit 2 Working the land 試題

Unit2Workingtheland單元加餐練Ⅰ.完形填空DearMrJones，Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromsomeonelivingasnearasyournext-doorneighbor,butIhavetoraiseasubjectsothatitwillbeeasierformetodiscussinwriting.YoumayhavenoticedthatIhavea__1__ofappletreesrunningalongsidethefencethat__2__ourtwogardens.Youmayalsohavetaken__3__inthefrequentsightofyourtwochildren__4__onyourlawndirectlybythefence.Andyoumayalsohave__5__thatmyappletrees,sotospeak,bendoverthefenceandseemto__6__yourchildrenwithinterest.Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthat__7__.Anditisnotonlynatural,__8__,Iacknowledge,quitelegal,forthemoccasionallytoshowthatinterestby__9__alltheapplesthathangoveron__10__sideofthefence.Buttobeplainwithyou,MrJones,Iamtired__11__seeingyourchildren,dayafterday,tearthebranchesoffthesideofeveryoneofmyappletrees,andleavemytreeslooking__12__abattlehadbeenfoughtononesideofthem.Iam,ifanything,evenmoretiredofwakingupthesefineautumn__13__,tofindeventheapplesonmysideofthefence__14__innumber.Iknowthisistheworkofyourchildren,sincelastnightIwaswokenatmidnightbythe__15__theyweremaking__16__oneofmytrees,and(astheymayhavetoldyou)chasedthemhome.WhileIamonthesubject,Iamatleastgratefultoyouforkeepingyourbonfiresonthefarsideofyourgardenthisyear.LastyearneitherI__17__yourchildrenhadanyapples,becausethesmokefromyourbonfiredestroyedalltheflowers__18__theappleshadtimetoform.Iverymuchhopethatnextyear—forthefirsttimesinceIcametothisvillage—Ishallhavemyapples,andyourchildren__19__havetheirsandthatthesightofthelineofappletreeswillbe__20__pridetousboth.篇章導讀：本文是一篇應用文。作者家的蘋果樹長到了隔壁鄰居家的院子里，鄰居家的孩子在摘蘋果時把樹枝都給扯壞了，他們還在半夜爬到樹上偷摘蘋果。因此，作者給鄰居寫了這封信，希望他能約束一下自己的孩子，共同愛護蘋果樹。1．A.line B．wireC．kind D．sort答案：A根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“thelineofappletrees”可知，“我”沿著籬笆種了一行蘋果樹。line意為“排列，行”，符合語境。故答案選A。2．A.divides B．partsC．departs D．separates答案：D此處指籬笆把“我們”兩家的花園隔開。divide通常指把整體分成若干部分，其后接介詞into。separate指把原來各自獨立但混在一起的東西分隔開來，其后常接介詞from。故答案選D。3．A.part B．delightC．pride D．place答案：B看見自己的孩子坐在草坪上，家長應會很高興。takedelightin是固定短語，意為“以……為樂”，符合語境。故答案選B。4．A.seating B．satC．sitting D．seat答案：C根據(jù)所給選項可知，此處意為“坐在草坪上”，twochildren與sit之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，應用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式作賓語補足語，故C項正確。5．A.watched B．noticedC．seen D．looked答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，此處指或許你也注意到了“我”的蘋果樹越過了籬笆。notice意為“注意到”，符合語境。故答案選B。6．A.lookdownat B．lookdownuponC．lookupto D．lookupat答案：A根據(jù)對本句的理解可知，這里運用了擬人的手法，指蘋果樹越過了籬笆，饒有興趣地俯視著你的孩子們。lookdownat意為“低頭看，俯視”，符合語境。故答案選A。7．A.profit B．goodC．interest D．taste答案：C根據(jù)上文中的“withinterest”可知，此處指你的孩子有時似乎會回應蘋果樹對他們的興趣，這是很自然的。此處是偷摘蘋果的委婉說法。interest意為“興趣”，符合語境。故答案選C。8．A.just B．evenC．and D．but答案：D此處構成固定搭配notonly...but(also)...，意為“不僅……而且……”。故答案選D。9．A.picking B．takingC．eating D．having答案：A根據(jù)后面的賓語“alltheapplesthathangoveron__10__sideofthefence”可知，此處是“摘蘋果”的意思。pick意為“采，摘”，符合語境。故答案選A。10．A.our B．hisC．your D．their答案：C根據(jù)常識可知，鄰居家孩子摘的自然是越過籬笆伸到他們家花園里的蘋果枝上的蘋果。本文是一封信，應用第二人稱稱呼鄰居。故答案選C。11．A.from B．ofC．for D．with答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“我”厭煩了日復一日地看見你的孩子將樹枝從蘋果樹上扯下來。此處是介詞用于固定結構中，即betiredofdoingsth.，意為“厭煩，厭倦做某事”。故答案選B。12．A.evenif B．eventhoughC．incase D．asif答案：D根據(jù)語境可知，孩子們將樹枝扯斷，使樹看上去就像經歷過戰(zhàn)爭一般。asif意為“似乎，好像”，符合語境。故答案選D。13．A.mornings B．afternoonsC．evenings D．nights答案：A根據(jù)句中的關鍵詞“wakingup”可知，此處應指早晨醒來。故答案選A。14．A.alittlelarger B．muchlargerC．muchsmaller D．muchfewer答案：C根據(jù)下文描述的鄰居的孩子半夜爬到樹上摘蘋果可知，連“我”這邊的蘋果也少了很多，排除A、B兩項。number與small搭配，不與few搭配。故答案選C。15．A.voice B．noiseC．whisper D．scream答案：B根據(jù)上文中的“Iwaswoken”可知，“我”是被孩子們的吵鬧聲吵醒的。noise意為“噪聲，吵鬧聲”，符合語境。故答案選B。16．A.jumping B．beatingC．biting D．climbing答案：D根據(jù)下文中的“chasedthemhome”可知，應是爬上蘋果樹摘蘋果。climb意為“爬；攀登”，符合語境。故答案選D。17．A.nor B．orC．so D．and答案：A此處構成固定用法“neither...nor...”，意為“……和……都不”。故答案選A。18．A.after B．untilC．before D．unless答案：C根據(jù)語境可知，去年蘋果樹上沒有結出一個蘋果，因為在蘋果開始生長之前鄰居家篝火的煙毀壞了所有的蘋果花。before意為“在……之前”，符合語境。故答案選C。19．A.can B．willC．could D．would答案：B根據(jù)時間狀語“nextyear”和前一分句中的“shall”可知，此處用一般將來時，故用will。故答案選B。20．A.a B．anC．the D．no答案：A此處是抽象名詞具體化，apride意為“一件令人驕傲的事”。此處指來年看見一行蘋果樹會令“我們”都覺得驕傲。故答案選A。Ⅱ.閱讀理解ADujiangyanistheoldestman-madewatersystemintheworld,andawonderinthedevelopmentofChinesescience.Builtover2,200yearsagoinwhatisnowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina,thisamazingengineeringachievementisstillusedtodaytoirrigateover6,000squarekilometresoffarmland,takeawayfloodwaterandprovidewaterfor50citiesintheprovince.Inancienttimes,theregioninwhichDujiangyannowstandssufferedfromregularfloodscausedbyoverflowfromtheMinjiangRiver.Tohelpthevictimsoftheflooding,LiBing,theregion'sgovernor,togetherwithhisson,decidedtofindasolution.TheystudiedtheproblemanddiscoveredthattherivermostoftenoverflowedwhenwintersnowatthetopofthenearbyThesimplestfixwastobuildadam,butthiswouldhaveruinedtheMinjiangRiver.SoinsteadLidesignedaseriesofchannelsbuiltatdifferentlevelsalongCuttingthechannelsthroughthehardrockofMountOncethesystemwasfinished,nomorefloodsoccurredandthepeoplewereabletolivepeacefullyandaffluently.Today,Dujiangyanisadmiredbyscientistsfromaroundtheworldbecauseofonefeature.Unlikemoderndamswherethewaterisblockedwithahugewall,DujiangyanstillletswaterflowthroughtheMinjiang篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。全文簡述了都江堰水利工程的特點及其重要價值。1．WhatarethebenefitsofDujiangyanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Reducingfloodingandwateringfarmland.B．Protectingthemountainandreducingflooding.C．Wateringfarmlandandimprovingwaterquality.D．Dryingtheriverandsupplyingcitieswithwater.答案：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，都江堰水利工程帶來的益處是灌溉、防洪和提供用水。故選A。2．WhatwasthemaincauseoftheMinjiangRiver'sflooding?A．Heavyrains. B．Meltingsnow.C．Lowriverbanks. D．Steepmountains.答案：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，岷江洪水泛濫主要是由山上的積雪融化造成的。故選B。3．HowwasLiBingabletobreakthroughtherocksofMountYulei?A．Byusinggunpowder.B．Byfloodingtherockswithwater.C．Byapplyingaheatingandcoolingtechnique.D．Bybreakingtherockswithhammersandspades.答案：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Heusedacombinationoffireandwatertoheatandcooltherocksuntiltheycrackedandcouldberemoved.”可知，他是通過運用加熱和冷卻的技術來解決這一難題的。故選C。4．WhyisDujiangyangreatlyadmiredbyscientiststoday?A．Itpreservesmuchofthenaturalriverlife.B．Ittookverylittletimetocompletetheproject.C．Thebuildingtechniquesusedwereverymodern.D．Ithasraisedthelivingstandardsofthelocalpeople.答案：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，這是因為都江堰水利工程使河流的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和魚類和諧相處。故選A。B(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds，VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening？Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(親密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.篇章導讀：本文是一篇科普說明文。文章主要介紹了葉類植物受到襲擊時，會發(fā)出一種有機化合物VOCs來保護自己或通過化學物質與周圍的植物進行交流。5．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsquietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.答案：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget....”可知，植物受到攻擊時會釋放出一種特殊的氣味，而這種特殊的氣味就是某些化學物質。故選D。6．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inParagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.答案：A句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線部分后的“Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.”可知，畫線部分的意思是襲擊者受到了它的天敵的襲擊。故選A。7．Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirneighborswhennecessary答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.”和“Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers....nowbecomeslunch.”可知，植物能保護自己免受昆蟲的傷害。故選B。8．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremoreimaginative.答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，達爾文設想了一個遠比現(xiàn)實世界更繁忙、更喧囂和更親密的世界，而我們的感官卻非常弱，植物世界比它表面所展現(xiàn)的更復雜。由此可知，(自然)世界似乎比它看上去的樣子更復雜。故選C。Ⅲ.短文改錯Lastsummer,Igotapart-timejobasawaiter.Iworkedhardandveryhelpful.Everyoneinarestaurantincludingsomeregularcustomerlikedme.Oneday,aforeigncoupleintheirfiftiesenteredintotherestaurant.IwashappytohaveachancetopracticetheirspokenEnglish.Iwentuptogreetthemwarm.AfterItooktheirorder,ItoldthemtheirfoodwillbeservedquicklybecauseweChineserespecttheelderly.Afterheardmywords,alookofdispleasureappearedonthewife'sface.Seeingmyconfusinglook,herhusbandexplainedtometheWesternersdislikedthedescription“old”.Iapologizedtothembutrealizedtheimportanceofknowingculturaldifferences.答案：Lastsummer,Igotapart-timejobasawaiter.Iworkedhardandeq\o(∧,\s\do14(①was))veryhelpful.Everyoneineq\o(a,\s\do14(②the))restaurantincludingsomeregulareq\o(customer,\s\do14(③customers))likedme.Oneday,aforeigncoupleintheirfiftiesenteredeq\o(eq\o(into,＼),\s\do14(④))therestaurant.Iwashappytohaveachancetopracticeeq\o(their,\s\do14(