高中英語小短文及高中英語相似詞匯匯總

MyfamilyIlovemyfamily,becauseIhaveahappyfamily.MyfatherisanEnglishteacher.HisnameisJacky.Heisthirty-eight.Helikesplayingbasketball.What’smymotherjob?Issheateacher?Yes,you’reright!Mymotherisverykindandnice,sheisthirty-seven.Mymotherisalwayslaboriouswork.Ilovemyparents!OnSaturdayandSunday,Ioftengotothelibraryandplaythepiano,Myfathergotoplaybasketball.Sometimes,wewatchTVandlistentomusicathome.Ilovemyfamily.BecauseI’mveryhappytolivewithmyparentstogether!我的家庭我愛我的家庭,因為我有一個快樂的家庭.我的爸爸是一名英語教師,他的名字叫Jacky.他今年38歲.他非常喜歡打籃球.我的媽媽是趕什么呢?她是一名教師嗎?是的.你說對了!我的媽媽是一個很親切、友善的人,她今年37歲.我媽媽總是勤勞的干活.我愛我的父母.在星期六和星期天里,我經(jīng)常去圖書館和彈鋼琴.我爸爸去打籃球.有時侯,我們都在家看電視和聽音樂.我愛我家.因為我和爸爸媽媽一起生活得很開心!MyRoomThisismyroom.Nearthewindowthereisadesk.Ioftendomyhomeworkatit.Youcanseesomebooks,someflowersinavase,arulerandapen.Onthewallnearthedeskthereisapictureofacat.Thereisaclockabovetheendofmybed.Iusuallyputmyshoeundermybed.Ofcoursethereisachairinfrontofthedesk.IsitthereandIcanseethetreesandroadsoutside.我的房間這是我的房間。在窗口附近有一張書桌。我經(jīng)常在那做我的家庭作業(yè)。您能看有些書，有些花在花瓶里，一把格尺和筆。在墻壁在書桌有貓的圖片。有一個時鐘在我的床上的末端。我通常把我的鞋子放在我的床下。當(dāng)然有一把椅子在書桌前面。我坐那里，并且我能看外面的樹和路SkatingMomboughtmeapairofskatingshoesatmyfifthbirthday.Fromthenon,Idevelopedthehobbyofskating.Itnotonlymakesmestrongerandstronger,butalsohelpsmeknowmanytruthsoflife.Iknowthatitisnormaltofall,andifonlyyoucangetonyourfeetagainandkeeponmoving,youareverygood!滑冰媽媽買了我一雙冰鞋鞋子在我的第五個生日。從那時起，我愛好滑冰。它不僅使我越來越加強，而且?guī)椭抑郎钤S多真諦。我知道摔倒是正常的，并且，如果只有你能摔倒后再站起來，就是非常好!TheSeaWhatdoyouknowaboutthesea?Somepeopleknowaboutit,butothersdon’t.Thesealooksbeautifulonafinesunnyday,theseaisverybig.Intheworld,thereismoreseathanland.DoyouknowHainan海你對海知道些什么？某些人知道關(guān)于它，但其他不。?？雌饋砻利愒谝粋€美好的晴天，海是非常大的。在世界上，比土地有更多海。您是否知道海南島？那非常好。我們能看海灘、樹和海。我們可以游泳和參觀很多美好的地方。ComputersComputersarechangingourlife.Youcandoalotofthingswithacomputer.Suchas,youcanuseacomputertowritearticles,watchvideoCDs,playgamesanddoofficework.ButthemostimportantuseofacomputeristojointheInternet.Wedon’tneedtoleavehometoborrowbooksfromalibraryortodoshoppinginasupermarket.Computershelpusliveamoreconvenientlife.計算機計算機改變我們的生活。您能做很多事用計算機。例如，您能使用計算機寫文章，手表錄影CDs，戲劇比賽和完成辦公室工作。但對計算機的最重要的用途是加入Internet.我們不需要離開家去從圖書館借用書或在超級市場做購物。計算機幫助我們居住更加方便的生活。SmilingIthinksmilingisasimportantassunshine.Smilingislikesunshinebecauseitcanmakepeoplehappyandhaveagoodday.Ifyouaren’thappy,youcansmile,andthenyouwillfeelhappy.Someonemaysay,“ButIdon’tfeelhappy.”ThenIwouldsay,“Pleasesmileasyoudowhenyouarehappyorplaywithyourfriendshappily.Youwillreallybehappyagain.”Smilingcanletyouhavemorefriends.SoIsay,smilingislikeaflower.Itwillgiveyouhappiness.微笑我認(rèn)為微笑是一樣重要的象陽光。微笑是象陽光，因為它可能使人愉快和有一個早晨好。如果您不是愉快的，您能微笑，您然后將感覺愉快。某人也許說，“但是我不感到愉快”。然后我會說，“請微笑，您，當(dāng)您愉快地是愉快或戲劇與您的朋友。您真正地再將是愉快的”。微笑可能讓您有更多朋友。如此我說，微笑是象花。它將給您幸福。SundayItwasSundayandIdidn'thavetogotoschool.Ifinishedmyhomeworkthedaybefore.SoIdecidedtohelpmotherdohousework.IwashedsomeclothesafterIgotup.ThenIwentshoppingwithabasket.Iboughtsomemeat,eggsandsomevegetablesinthemarket.AfterIcameback,Istartedtocookdinnerforthewholefamily.Intheevening,IsatatthetableandbegantowritedownonmynotebookwhatIhaddoneduringtheday.星期天它是星期天，并且我沒有必須去學(xué)校。我前一天完成了我的家庭作業(yè)。如此我決定幫助做家事。在我起來了之后，我洗了一些衣裳。然后我?guī)е@子去購物。我在市場上買了一些肉、蛋和有些菜。在我回來了之后，我開始為全家烹調(diào)晚餐。在晚上，我在我的筆記本寫下什么我白天做了什么。春天：SpringSpringisadelightfulseason.Thetemperaturesaremoderate,andthebloomingtreesandflowersmakethecitybrightwithcolors.Thisisthetimewhenwecanbegintowearlighterandmorebrightlycoloredclothesandgooutdoorsmoreoften.Smallerchildrenliketobringtheirkitesouttothespacioussquare.AlsoIenjoygoingbacktothevillageonthisholidayafterbeinginthecityforthewintermonths.春天是個讓人欣喜的季節(jié).氣溫適中,掛滿綠葉的樹和盛開的花朵給城市增添了明亮的色彩.在這個時節(jié)里,我們可以穿上輕便靚麗的衣服經(jīng)常出門去了.小孩子們則喜歡在廣闊的天空中放風(fēng)箏.在城里呆了一個冬天之后,我也喜歡回到村子里度假.夏天：Summeristhegreatseasonforallsportsintheopenair.Itistheseasonforfootballwhichisoftencalledthenationalsportbecauseofitspopularity.Iusuallywatchtelevisionandreadthenewspaperreportsaboutthefootballresultsofthelittleleagues.DuringthesummerIliketogotothebeachoftenbecauseitisveryclosetomyhome.Iusuallygothereduringthesummervacationtorelaxaftermanymonthsinschoolinthecity.Ifeelverycomfortablewiththefamiliarquietlifeofthevillagers.夏天是戶外運動最好的季節(jié).這是一個橄欖球的季節(jié),橄欖球由于廣受歡迎被稱為全民運動.我常?？措娨?看報紙,從報道中獲得小聯(lián)盟橄欖球賽的比賽結(jié)果.夏日里,我喜歡經(jīng)常去海灘,因為那里離我家不遠(yuǎn).在城里的學(xué)校呆了幾個月后,暑假我常常去那里放松一下.此處有我很熟悉的村民們的寧靜生活,這讓我倍感舒適.秋天：AutumnFormetheautumnorfallstartsinSeptemberwhenschoolstartsitsnewterm.Iusuallydosomeshopping.Themildweathermadeitverynicetostudyoutsideunderthetreesinasmallparkclosetomyhouse.Iliketolookuptheleaveschangingcolorsfromgreentoredandyellow,andthenbrowncolors.Theparkalsohasmanybrightfallflowers;sometimesIseeasmallsquirrelcomingdownfromthetreetohuntforfoodontheground.Ontheweekends,Isometimesliketoflymykite.Usuallyonthestreetcornersyoucanseestreetpeddlerssellingwarmbakedsweetpotatoes.Thisisanicetimeoftheyear.我覺得秋天是在9月份新學(xué)期開始的時候來臨.我常常要去買一些東西.宜人的天氣讓我感覺在離家不遠(yuǎn)的小公園的樹下學(xué)習(xí)是件非常愜意的事.我喜歡抬起頭看蓍枝頭上的樹葉由綠變紅,變黃,然后再變褐.公園里還有許多鮮艷的秋花.有時我會見到小松鼠從樹上跳到地上覓食.在周末,我有時會去放風(fēng)箏.在街頭的拐角處,常常會有街頭小販在賣烤紅薯.秋天是一年中的好時節(jié).冬天：WinterWinterisverycoldandwindyinmostpartsofChina.IusuallylookforwardtotheSpringFestivalandthewinterholidaywhenIcangotothesouthwheretheclimateiswarmerduringtheseholidays.Also,Ilookforwardtoseeingmygrandparentsandmyfriends.Winteristhetimeeveryoneisinafestivemood.Inthecity,Iusuallydoalotofreadingathomeinthewinterbecauseofehcoldweatheroutside.中國大部分地區(qū)的冬天是即冷又有風(fēng)的。我總是盼望著春節(jié)或寒假，到時候我就可以去南方了，當(dāng)?shù)氐臍夂蛟谶@時會暖和的多。我也盼望著去探望我的祖父母和我的朋友。冬天，每個人都懷著喜慶的心情。在城里，冬天的時候我經(jīng)常待在家里盡情地看書，因為外面的天氣非常的冷。旅游atriptobeijingThesummerholidaywascoming,myfamilydecidedtogoonatirp,ouraimisbeijing.Monday,wecametotheairport,afterawhile,wetookaplane.atthemoment,Iwassoexcitedthaticouldnotcalmdown.abouttwohours,wearrived.Thenwefoundahotel,wewasgoingtovisitbeijingtomorrow.Thesecondday,Igotupveryearly,afterbreakfast,wetookabus,thenwearriedthesummerpalace,wesawthebeautifuiviewofit,wewereveryhappy.Thethirdday,wewenttotheGreatWall,itisawonder,wetookmanyphotos,bythisvisiting,Iknowchinaissobig.Thefourithdayfinallyarrived,todaywasthelastday,but,wethinkthatwehavenotvisitedthefamousestinterestingplace---Thepalacemuseum,sowevisitedit,wesawmanyoldthings,wealsotookmanyphotos.Intheafternoon,wecameback,home,Iwillrememberthismeaningfulexperience,It'smybestmemory.AwonderfulTriptosuzhouLikeothertourists,Iandmyhusbandhavebeenpreparingthevacationjourneyforalongtime.Ofcourse,wehaveadirectpurpose-Suzhou,abeautifulcityIalwaysdreamingof.Fortunately,twodayswespentthereweregreatlynice.Inthefirstday,wevisitedthereallyfamousoldtownnamedMuduwhichemperorQianlongstoppedbysixtimesatQingDynasty.Thetownissolargethatourfootshardlywereabletomoveaftertheday’svisiting.Obviously,therearelotsofinterestingthings-theshoesworebyQingDynasty’swomen,numerouswoodensculptureandsmoothsilkslaidoutandwelcomedtraditionalcakes.Wecompletelyperceivethehotpassionsofthegoodpeoplethere.Onourseconddaytrip,that’sright,wewenttotheClassicalgardensofSuzhou.Withgreatsurprise,thegardensinSuzhouweresomuchbetterdesignedthanwhatwehadthought.Itisworthvisiting!ThereareanumberofpondsandrockeriesandbonsaitomakeupofthewholeperspectivesjustlikeinXanadu.Takingalotofwonderfulphotos,wejusthadagoodtimesothatwedidn’twanttogohome.what’smore,wearealreadyplanningthenexttour.讀書Asconsensusofeveryone,peopleshouldreadbooks,especiallywhentheyareyoung.However,westillshouldreadselectivelyinsteadofblindly.InChina,manyparentsforcetheirchildrentoreadallkindsofbooksforsomereason,thatmakesthosekidsunderheavystress.Idon'tthinkit'sagoodwayforeducation,childshouldreadthosebookswhichcanhelpthemdevelopagoodviewpointabouttheworldandlife,suchasthanksgiving,appreciation,politenessanddiligence.Evenforadult,weshouldselectwhatwereadaswell,becauseourengergyislimited.Moreover,westillneedtolearnmuchknowledgehelpfulforourcareer.Actually,Ithinkreadingblindlyisjustwastingtime.Nowadays,peoplefeelmuchmorestressthanbefore,sowecanchosethosebooksaboutcomputerapplication,investment,Englishlearning,economy,finance，etc.So,allinall,weshouldattachimportancetobothofselectivityanduniversalitywhenthinkingaboutreading.環(huán)境Environmentalprotectionmeansprotectingthelivingaroundus.Itishardtoimaginewhatourlifewillbeliketoday,iftherubbertreebecameextinctmorethanonehundredyearsagobeforethemanfounditsusage.Asweallknown,peoplerecognizedaloefromthesecond-world-war.Aloecouldcureourhurtandmakeitrecoveredquickly.Wemayrealizethatthevalueofthelivingarounduswillgraduallybefoundwiththeprogressofhumancivilization.Sothecommonlivingtodaymightbeagreatusagetohumanbeings,maybethebestdrugofcuringcancerwillessencefromthelivingaroundusnow.Ithinkenvironmentalprotectionisprotectingourselves,yettherearestillalotofpeoplehavenotrealizedthattheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.Theystilldestroyedtheforest,dischargetheindustrialwaste,killedthewildanimalformealandsoon.Weshouldspreadtheeducationoftheenvironmentalprotection,tomakemoreandmorepeoplehavethesameviewofmine.Theenvironmentalprotectionwillbealongwaytogointhefuture,andwemustinsiston.學(xué)習(xí)英語詞匯中，有時同義詞的辨析是很不容易的，我們一般從三方面進(jìn)行區(qū)分，即：語法、語義和文體。語法主要是詞性、搭配、句式等的區(qū)分;語義主要是詞義的本義、引申義、比喻義和內(nèi)涵和外延等的區(qū)分;文體主要是正式和非正式、褒義和貶義等的區(qū)分。下面是筆者整理的50組同義詞。1.路way:Whereverthereisroomforanobjecttoproceed,thereisaway.road:Aroadisapreparedwayfortravelingwithhorsesorvehicles.path:Awaysuitabletobetraveledonlybyfootpassengersorbyanimals.route:Arouteisalineoftravel,andmaybeovermanyroads.street:Astreetisinsomecentreofhabitation,asacitytownorvillage,whenitpassesbetweenhousesofdwellings.avenue:Aavenueisalong,broadandimposing(壯嚴(yán))orprincipalstreet.2.時代(期)(時期)period:Itindicatesanypassageoftime,greatorsmall./anextentoftimeofanylength.(時代)time(s):Itreferstoaperiodinhistory.inancienttimes/inVictoriatime(新時代)epoch:Itindicatesalongperiodoftimemarkedbyeventsordevelopmentofaparticularkind.Thefirstflightintospacemarkedanewepochinthehistoryofmankind.(紀(jì)元)era:Itreferstoaverylongperiodoftimemarkedbyaparticularfeatureinagreatneweraofworldrevolution(時期)age:Itshowsaparticular/afairlydefiniteperiodinhistory.theBronzeAge,IronAge3.戰(zhàn)斗(打仗)fight:Itisabodilystruggle(奮斗斗爭)struggle:Aneffortofanykindtoovercomedifficulty.(戰(zhàn)斗)battle:Afightbetweenarmedforces.(戰(zhàn)役)campaign:Aseriesofrelatedmilitaryoperationsinawar.(戰(zhàn)爭)war:Aperiodoffightbetweencountriesorstateswhenweaponsareusedandmanypeoplearekilled.(對抗)combat:Afight,conflict,controversy.4.牧師(教士牧師)priest:Aperson,esp.amanspeciallytrainedforvariousreligiousdutiesandceremonies,intheChristianchurch,esp.intheRomanCatholicchurch(牧師)minister:Amemberofclergy,esp.Protestantchurches.(牧師)clergy(pl):Theofficiallyappointedleaderofthereligiousactivitiesofaparticularchurchortemple.clergyman:clergymen(pl)amemberofclergy.(牧師)pastor:AChristianreligiousleaderinchargeofachurchanditsmembers,esp.inaProtestantchurch.(教區(qū)牧師)vicar:Apriestinchargeofanarea(parish)inthechurchofEngland.father:Alittleofrespectforapriest,esp.intheRomanCatholic.5.服裝clothing(collect):(fml)Generaltermofclothes.clothes(nosingle):Coveringsofthebodysuchascoats,dresses,suits,shoes,hats.garment(fl):Asuitofclothesusedbyactors./asinglearticleofclothing.costume:1)Thefashionofdresspeculiartoapeople,nation,class,period,etc.2)Adresswornbyactorsinaplay.uniform:wornbyallmembersofthecommunity.dress:1)Akindofoutergarmentwornbywomen(連衣裙).2)wornonspecialoccasions(禮服)eveningdress/morningdresssuit:Asetofouterclothestobeworntogether.eveningsuit/swimmingsuitcoat:Agarmentwithsleeveswornontopofotherclothesfromrain,heat,etc.overcoat:Awarncoatworninthestreet.6.哭cry:Themostgeneralone.(哭泣)weep:Toletflowtears.(抽泣抽嗒)sob:Toweeporsighwithshortquickbreaths.(哭天抹淚涕淚交流)snivel:Tosniffleandcryinairritatingmanner.(哭嚎又哭又鬧)blubber:Tocryloudlynoisily.(發(fā)出低聲報怨聲)whine:Tomakealowcomplainingcry.(嚎哭)bawl:Toutterloudcries(alwaysinbadsense).(痛哭)wail:Tocryaloudfrompainorsorrow.(呻吟)moan:Tomakealow,miserablesoundinpainorsorrow.(呻吟)grown:Tomakealowsoundofpain,unhappinessordisapproval(哀悼)mourn:Tofeelorshowsadnessorsorrowforsomeonewhohasdied.(哀悼)lament:Toexpressgreatsorroworregret.7.美麗漂亮good-looking:Havinganattractiveappearanceinastrong,healthywayusedformenandwomennotthings.beautiful:(awomanorathing)Suggestingsymmetryoffeaturesorperfectionofproportion,eleganceandmobility.beautifulflowers,abeautifulgirl/voice/city/facebeautifulweather.handsome:Ofattractiveappearanceappliestomen.ahandsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/youngman.pretty:(agirl,orasmallthing)Suggestinglivelinessandsweetness,pleasingornicetolookat.aprettylittlewoman/garden,aprettygirl/picture/pieceofmusic,lovely:(something)Sobeautifulthatitmakesyoufeelgoodtolookatitoreventothinkaboutit.Thegardenlookslovely.fair:Beautiful(ofwomaninpoet)lightincoloresp.,skinhair.gorgeous:(personsorthings)(inf)Extremelybeautifulorhandsome.8.拉、拖pull:Themostgeneralone.draw:Itimpliesasmoother,steadiermotionandgenerallyalighterforcethanpull.drag:Itusuallyreferstohorizontalmotionormotionupanincline(slope)anditsuggestslaboriouseffortsoverroughgroundoragainstfriction,resistanceorgravity.Theescapedprisonerwasdraggedoutofhishidingplace.haul:Itimpliescontinuouspullingordraggingofheavyorbulkyobjects.Thefishermanishaulinganet.tug:Itappliestohardoftensuddenviolentefforttopull.Hetuggedatmysleevetoaskdirections.jerk:Topullsuddenly.Hejerkedouttheknifethatwasstuckinthewound.tow:Topullbyaropeorchain.Wetowedthecartothenearestgarage.wrench:Topullhardwithatwistingorturningmovement.9.旋轉(zhuǎn)turn:Themostgeneralone.(自轉(zhuǎn))spin:Toturnquicklyaroundacentralpoint.Itemphasizesthecontinuityoftheaction,andusuallythenarrowextentofthecircularmotion.Thewheelisspinningonitsaxis.(急轉(zhuǎn))whirl:Toroundveryfast.Itimpliesthelockofconsciouscontrol.Theleaveswhirlinthewindintheyard.(轉(zhuǎn)動)rotate:Toturnroundafixedpointwithacircularmovement.Theearthrotatesonceevery24hours.(繞轉(zhuǎn))revolve:Toturnormoveinacirclearoundacentralpoint.Itindicatescircularorelliptical(橢圓)movement.Theplanetsrevolvearoundthesun.10.生氣、氣憤anger:Themostgeneralone.(易怒)becross:Feelingeasytogetangry.(憤慨)indignation:(fml)Anger.Itstressesrighteousangeratwhatoneconsidersunfair,meanorshameful.Weexpressedourindignationattheruthlessexploitation.(憤怒)wrath:Verytreatanger.(literary)Itsuggestsadesireonintenttorevengeorpunish.(狂怒)rage:Wild,violentanger.Itsuggestslossofself-controlfromviolenceofemotion.inarage/tofallintoarage.(暴怒)fury:Violent,extremeanddestructiveanger.Sheflewintoafury.11.錯誤(誤會)mistake:Awrongthought,act.ItimpliescarelessnessAnyonecanmakeamistake.(過錯弱點)fault:Abadpoint,butnotofaseriousmoralkind.Itreferstobehaviorandcharacter.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.findfaultwithsb/atfaultshortcoming:Weakness,failingItreferstofailuresordeficienciesinthingsaswellaspeople.InspiteofallhershortcomingsIstillthinkshe'soneofthebestteachersintheschool.(疏忽)error:Amistake(formalsometimesliterary)ItimpliesdeviationfromastandardormodelTheaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.(缺點毛病)defect:sthlackingorimperfect.Itreferstoquality.Theradiowasreturnedbecauseofadefect.(失誤過失)blunder:Averystupidorunnecessarymistake.Itimpliesignorance.Thisisthefatalblunderofhislife.12.圖畫picture:Themostgeneralone.(彩圖)painting:pictureswithcolor.(繪畫圖畫)drawing:Apicturemadewithapen,pencilandcrayon.Sketch,diagramsandgraphsarealldrawings.(草圖)sketch:Aroughnotdetaileddrawing.(圖解圖表)diagram:Adrawing,figurethatshowsthearrangementofsomething.(曲線圖)graph:Adiagraminwhichastraightline,curved,orzigzaglineshowshowtwosetsofnumbersormeasurementsarerelated.(插圖)illustration:Apicturetogowithwordsofabook.(圖樣草圖)draft:Thefirstroughwrittenformofanything.(平面圖)plan:Alinedrawingofabuildingasitmightbeenseenfromabove.(主視圖)elevation:Aflatuprightsideofabuilding.(海圖)chart:Amapesp.adetailedmapofaseaarea.13.特別(專門的,與眾不同的)special:Differentinsomewayfromwhatiscommon,ordinary,orusual.Itstresseshavingaquality,character,identity,oruseofitsown.Thetubecontainsspecialgases.(特別的)especial:(fml)Toanusuallygreatdegree,exceptionalItemphasizestheimportanceofthethingsorthepersonsmentionedThisisamatterofespecialimportance.(各別的)particular:Relatingorbelongingtoonlyonethingorperson.Itstressesthedistinctnessofsomethingasanindividualwhichisworthnotice.Inthatparticularcase,theruledoesn'thold.(適用)(特種的)specific:Detailedandexact,clearinmeaningandexplanation,fixed,determined.(usedinscientificarticles)Itimpliesaqualityorcharacterdistinguishingakindoraspecies.Hegavemeaveryspecificinstruction.Thereisaspecifictoolforeachjob.(獨特的)peculiar:Strangeorperhapsunpleasant.Itimpliesstrangeness.Hehasapeculiarwayofspeaking.14.取消、消滅(取消解除)cancel:Togiveup,todeclaresomethingistobeeffective.Hehascancelledhisleaveofabsence.(消假)(廢除廢止)abolish:Todoawaywith.Itreferstopractices,socialinstitutions.Badcustomsshouldbeabolished.(消滅排除)eliminate:Togetridof.Weshouldeliminatethefalseandretainthetrue.(撤消廢除)repeal:Tobringtoanendoftheeffectofalaworanorder.Somelawsshouldberepealed.(根除消滅)exterminate:Todestroycompletelyandwholly.Colonialismmustbeexterminated.15.破碎break:Themostgeneralone.(壓碎壓破)crush:Topresstogetherviolentlyastobreak,todestroyitsshapebysqueezingit.Itsuggeststheeffectofgreatexternalpressure.Thetreefellontopofthecarandcrushedit.(打碎)smash:Tobreakthoroughlytopieceswithacrushingsound.Shedroppedtheplateandsmashedit.(打裂)crack:Tobreakwithoutseparationofparts.Itsuggeststhebreakingoutacrossasurface.Hecrackedthewindowbyleaningagainstit.(破裂)burst:Tobreakopenbypressurefromwithin.Thefireworksburstwhiletheywereintheair.(砸碎破碎)shatter:Tobreakintopieces.Itsuggeststhebreakingupofathinsurface.Theglasswasshatteredtopieces.(撞壞)crash:Torefertothevehiclewhichhitssomethingandisbadlydamaged.16.環(huán)境形勢(環(huán)境形勢)conditions:Thelocationandotherfactorslikelytoaffectit.Itsuggestssomethingthathasstayedthesameforsometimeandwhichaffectsdailylifesuchasfood,work,andhouses.Wearenowstudyingtheeconomicconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.(形勢)situation:Apositionorstateataparticulartime,setofconditions,facts,andeventshavinganeffectonaperson,society,etc.Itsuggestsmoregeneralmatterssuchasgovernmentplanningandfinance.Thepoliticalsituationinthesecountriesarealwayschanging.(環(huán)境周圍外界)environment:Thecircumstances,thingsandconditionsthatinfluenceyou.Itreferstospiritaspect,physicalaspectandmaterialaspect.Wemusttrytobeautifyourenvironment.(形勢情況)circumstance(s):Asituationoreventaroundus,acertainkindofatmosphere,theconditionsthataffectwhathappens.in(under)thecircumstances(環(huán)境周圍事物)surrounding(s):Theareaandenvironmentaroundaplaceorperson.Itindicatesaverynarrowcondition,"physically"sometimesreflectsspiritualaspect.Theylivedinhostilesurroundings.17.著名的well-known:(infl)famous:Themostgeneralone.widelyknownorhonored.(杰出的知名的)distinguished:Great,outstandingmarkedbyexcellentqualityordeservedfame,usedespeciallyofpeoplewhoarefamousforseriousworkinscience,theartsetc.Hewasadistinguishedwriter.(馳名的)celebrated:Famous,(substituteforrenowned)Itrefersobjectivelytosborsomethingthathasbeengiveacclaimorhonouredwithawardsorprizes.Shewasacelebratedactress.renowned:Highlyhonoredandfamousforsomethinggood.oftenreferstoplacesorthings,alsoItsuggestssomethingthathasbecomelegendaryorisnolongeravailableforanobjectiveevaluation.Edisonwasrenownedforhisinventions.noted:Well-knownandadmiredItoftendescribesamoreintellectualkindofeffortandaccomplishmentindicatinganauthorityorexpertortheirtheories.Maybeitisnotwidelyknowntothegeneralpublic.Hewasaverynotedexpert.(臭名昭著)notorious:Famousforsomethingbad.Heisnotoriousforhiscrimes.18.強盜thief:Themostgeneralone.(強盜)robber:Itsuggestsadirectconfrontationinwhichtheownerisforcedtogiveuphisvaluables.(行兇強劫)mugger:Apersonwhoattacksandrobspeopleinastreetorinalift.burglar:Apersonwhobreaksintoahouseatnighttostealsomething.(歹徒暴徒)gangster:Amemberofagroupofcriminals,esp.thosewhoarearmedandusegunstothreaten.(匪徒)bandit:anarmedrobber.Itsuggestsanorganizedgroupinaruralsetting.(土匪)brigand:Arobberwholivesbyrobbingtravelersinthecountry.(海盜)pirate:Apersonwhorobsonthesea.19.搖動,顫動shake:Themostgeneralone.tomoveupanddownorbackandforth.Itreferstopersonsorthings.(發(fā)抖)quiver:Totremblealittle.Itsuggestsarapidbutinvisiblevibration.Hislipsquiveredwithemotion.(顫抖)tremble:Toshakeuncontrollablyandslightlyasfromfear,cold,excitementetc.Itimpliesuneasinessandnervousness.Hervoicetrembledasshebegantosing.(瞬間發(fā)抖)shiver:Totremblefromfearorcold.Itsuggestsaslightandrapidmovement.Hestoodshiveringinthesnow.(極度顫動)quake:toshakeortrembleviolently.Itsuggestsamoreviolentandsuddenchange.Hequakedwithexcitement.Anexplosioncammakethegroundquake.(抽筋般顫動)shudder:Toshakeuncontrollablyforamovement.Itsuggestsamoreintenseshaking.Sheshudderedatthesightofasnake.20.說話談話(說話)speak:Touseyourvoicetosaywords.(說)say:Tospeakwords.(發(fā)出聲音)utter:Tomakesoundandsaywords.drawl:Tospeakinaslow,prolongedmanner.mutter:Toexpressdispleasurewithcompressedlips.rave:Totalkinanangry,uncontrolledway.gabble:Totalkrapidly,makinginarticulatesounds.(談?wù)?remark:Tomentionitorcommentonit.(陳述)state:Tosay,expressorputintowords,esp.formally.Hestatedhisview.(講述)narrate:Totellformallyinwritingorspeechordescribesomethinginorderwithintonation.Henarratedhisadventureintheforest.(詳述)relate:Totellformallyindetails,togiveanaccountof.Herelatedhisexperiences.(講演)address:Tosayinspeechorwritingtoapersonorgroup.tell:Toletpeopleknowaboutsomething.talk:Tosaythingstosomeone.converse:Totalkformally.Thescholarsareconversingwitheachotheronlinguistics.chat:Totalkinafriendly,familiar,informalmanner.Thetwofriendssatinacornerandchatted.chatter:Totalkcontinuouslyrapidlyaboutsmallthings.Theschoolgirlswentalongchattering.whisper:Totalkinalowvoice.Shewhisperedmenottotalksoloudly.murmur:Tomakeasoftsound,esp.tospeakorsayinaquietvoice.Heoftenmurmurstohimself.(閑談)gossip:Totalkaboutthedetailsofotherpeople'sactionsandprivateliveswhichmaynotcorrectorproper.Thatwomanisveryfondofgossipingaboutothers.stammer:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofexcitement,embarrassment.stutter:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofinherentspeechdefect.21.事情,事件(事)thing:Anevent,afact,asubject.Hetalkedofmanyinterestingthings.(事情)matter:Seththatyouhavetodealwith,somethingtobediscussed,thoughtover.Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.(事務(wù)責(zé)任)business:Aspecialduty,somethingthathastobedone.Publicbusinessiseveryone'sbusiness.(事務(wù))affair:Aneventorsetofconnectedevents.(pl)privateandpersonallife.Ihavemanyaffairstolookafter.(事件)event:Animportanthappening.Eventssuchasbirthdaysandanniversariesareoftencelebrated.Doyouknowthechiefeventsof1986.incident:Notasimportantasanevent.Incidentsseldomarecelebrated.Sometimesaneventbecomesanincidentaftermanyyearshavepassed.(偶然事件)happening:Anoccurrence,andsometimesanunusualone.Therehavebeenstrangehappeningsherelately.(偶發(fā)事件)occurrence:Anincidentthatisusually