2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省佛山市南海區(qū)高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

南海區(qū)2024屆高三摸底測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共12頁(yè)，滿分130分，考試用時(shí)135分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等信息填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試(20分，另行安排)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFewwomenwouldconsiderapairofscissorstobedailyessentialthattheyneedtohaveintheirpurses.ButforShiQinling,whoiscurrentlyworkingattheFenglincommunityculturalcenterinShanghai,thistoolhasbeenwithhereverywhereshegoesforthepastdecade—notasameansofself-protectionbutartisticexpression.“Paper-cuttingisnotaboutcuttingrandompatternsfrompaper.Writerstellstoriesusingwords.Idothesame,butwithapairofscissors,”Shisaid.Shidevelopedaninterestincraft(工藝)whenshewasachild.Thisinterestlaterdevelopedintoapassion,onethatshedecidedtopursuebymajoringinartsandcraftsdesignduringhertimeinuniversity.Aftergraduation,however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherfuture.Aboutayearlater,theShanghaiArtsandCraftsResearchInstituteofferedherapositionintheirpaper-cuttingdepartment.Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthecraft,shemadethecareerswitch.In2010,Shistartedlearningpaper-cuttingfromXiXiaoqin,apaper-cuttingexpert.Threeyearslater,oneofherworks,TheFightingFish,wonthirdplaceattheBaihuaCup,acompetitionforChineseartsandcrafts.Overthepastdecade,Shi’sworkshavebeenexhibitedin23exhibitions.AlthoughShiisalreadysoskilledinthecraftthatshecancreateananimalpatternin10minuteswithoutevenhavingtodrawtheoutlines,shecontinuestoimproveherskillseveryday.Thereasonisthatsheviewspaper-cuttingasnotjustanartform,butalsoaformoflearningabouttraditionalChineseculture.Shethinksshehastheresponsibilitytoattractpeoplefromdifferentagegroupsanddifferentfieldstotrypaper-cutting.1.WhydoesShiQinlingalwayscarryapairofscissorswithher?A.Tofixthingsonthego.B.Toshowoffhercreativity.C.Tomakepapercutsanytime.D.Toprotectherselffromdangers.2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.WhatShiQinlingdidinuniversity.B.HowShiQinlinggotridoftheboredom.C.HowShiQinlingstartedpaper-cuttingcareer.D.WhyShiQinlingresignedfromherpreviousjob.3.WhatbestdescribesShiQinling?A.Selflessandadaptable. B.Creativeandhumorous.C.Devotedandgenerous. D.Talentedandresponsible.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹熱愛(ài)剪紙藝術(shù)的石勤玲開始剪紙的經(jīng)歷，取得的成就以及她把中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化傳承下去的決心?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fewwomenwouldconsiderapairofscissorstobedailyessentialthattheyneedtohaveintheirpurses.ButforShiQinling,whoiscurrentlyworkingattheFenglincommunityculturalcenterinShanghai,thistoolhasbeenwithhereverywhereshegoesforthepastdecade—notasameansofself-protectionbutartisticexpression.(很少有女性會(huì)認(rèn)為一把剪刀是她們錢包里的日常必需品。但對(duì)于目前在上海楓林社區(qū)文化中心工作的石勤玲來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)工具在過(guò)去的十年里一直伴隨著她——不是作為一種自我保護(hù)的手段，而是作為一種藝術(shù)表達(dá)。)”和下文可知石勤玲總是帶著一把剪刀是因?yàn)榭梢噪S時(shí)用來(lái)剪紙，故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Shidevelopedaninterestincraft(工藝)whenshewasachild…Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthecraft,shemadethecareerswitch.(她還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，她就對(duì)工藝產(chǎn)生了興趣。這種興趣后來(lái)發(fā)展成為一種激情，她決定在大學(xué)期間主修工藝美術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。然而，畢業(yè)后，由于不確定自己未來(lái)想做什么，她在一家船舶設(shè)計(jì)公司工作。大約一年后，上海工藝美術(shù)研究院給了她一個(gè)剪紙系的職位。意識(shí)到自己仍然熱愛(ài)這門手藝后，她轉(zhuǎn)行了。)”可知本段主要講述石勤玲如何開始剪紙生涯的，故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AlthoughShiisalreadysoskilledinthecraftthatshecancreateananimalpatternin10minuteswithoutevenhavingtodrawtheoutlines,shecontinuestoimproveherskillseveryday.(盡管施在工藝上已經(jīng)非常熟練，她可以在10分鐘內(nèi)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)動(dòng)物圖案，甚至不需要畫輪廓，但她每天都在繼續(xù)提高自己的技能。)”可知她在剪紙上很有天賦和才華和下文“Shethinksshehastheresponsibilitytoattractpeoplefromdifferentagegroupsanddifferentfieldstotrypaper-cutting.(她認(rèn)為自己有責(zé)任吸引不同年齡段、不同領(lǐng)域的人來(lái)嘗試剪紙。)”可知她是一個(gè)有責(zé)任感的人，因此用有才華，有責(zé)任心形容石勤玲最貼切，故選D。BMichaelandhiswifehadrecentlymovedintoanewapartmentbuildinginSanFranciscowhentheymetaneighborwhoisanIndianpriest(牧師).Thepriest,JeffDunan,77,toldMichaelaboutanorganizationhevolunteersfor,whichprovidesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliestopoorpeopleinnorthernBangladesh.ThemandecidedtodonatetotheGoFundMecampaign,andsettledon$150.“Ithoughtitwasagoodcause,andaneighborlythingtodo,”hesaid.ShortlyaftermakinghisdonationontheGoFundMecampaignthatdayinFebruary2022,though,Michaelreceivedinformationfromhiscreditcardcompany,warninghimofasuspiciously(可疑地)largebusiness.Heopenedthetextmessage,whichwarnedhimofa$15,041chargefromGoFundMe.Whenhesawthefive-figurenumber,hecouldn’tbelieveit.Soon,itallmadesense.Michael’screditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,hesaid,heaccidentallybegantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor(光標(biāo))wasstillinthedonationbox.MichaelcalledGoFundMe’ssupportlineinapanicandexplainedthemistakendonation.Tohisrelief,hewastoldhewouldberefundedforthemistakewithinthreetosevenbusinessdays.Still,therewasamajorcomplication:The$15,000donation—whichmorethandoubledthetotalamountraisedatthetime—wouldremainontheGoFundMepageuntiltherefundwasprocessed.“Iwaslike,ohno,that’saproblem,”Michaelrecalled.BeforeheexplainedtoDunan,hestartedreceivingFacebookmessagesfromShohagChandra,thecharity’sBangladesh-basedprogrammanager,thankinghimforhissubstantialdonation.“ThemanhadsentmeavideoofhimselffromBangladesh,surroundedbydozensofhungrypeopleholdingbagsoffood,thankingmeBYNAME.”AfterMichaelwatchedit,hisheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtorevoke(撤銷)hisdonation,andhewantedtooffermore.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedonated$1,500.4.WhydidMichaeldonatetotheGoFundMecampaign?A.Topleasehisnewneighbor. B.Toearnafinereputation.C.Tofitinwiththecommunity. D.Tocontributetocharity.5.HowdidMichaelfeelwhenhesawtheamountchargedonhiscreditcard?A.Shocked. B.Excited. C.Proud. D.Depressed.6.WhatwastheoutcomeofMichael’scalltoGoFundMe’ssupportline?A.Hereceivedathank-youmessage.B.Hewaspromisedtogethismoneyback.C.Hewasinformedofasuspiciouscharge.D.Hegotadditionalfundsfromthecharity.7.Whathappenedintheend?A.PeoplelaughedatMichael’smistake.B.ThepoorBangladeshisweredisappointed.C.Michaeldonatedtoanothercharityorganization.D.Michaeldonatedmorethanhisfirstintendedamount.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Michael在捐贈(zèng)給一家為貧困人口提供食品、衣物和必需品的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)，因?yàn)椴恍⌒脑谳斎胄庞每ㄐ畔r(shí)出現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致他意外地向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了15041美元。雖然后來(lái)他成功地撤消了捐款并收到了退款，但他仍然為此感到內(nèi)疚。最終，他選擇為這家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了1500美元?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepriest,JeffDunan,77,toldMichaelaboutanorganizationhevolunteersfor,whichprovidesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliestopoorpeopleinnorthernBangladesh.(77歲的牧師JeffDunan向Michael講述了他志愿服務(wù)的一個(gè)組織，該組織為孟加拉國(guó)北部的窮人提供食物、衣服和必需品。)”以及“ThemandecidedtodonatetotheGoFundMecampaign,andsettledon$150.“Ithoughtitwasagoodcause,andaneighborlythingtodo,”hesaid.(這名男子決定向GoFundMe的活動(dòng)捐款，最終選擇了150美元。他說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為這是一項(xiàng)很好的事業(yè)，也是一件睦鄰友好的事情?！?”可知，Michael通過(guò)牧師認(rèn)識(shí)了一家慈善組織，該組織為孟加拉北部的貧困人口提供食品、衣服和必備品。他認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好的事業(yè)，向其捐贈(zèng)了150美元。因此，他的捐贈(zèng)是為了貢獻(xiàn)慈善事業(yè)。故選D。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“

Heopenedthetextmessage,whichwarnedhimofa$15,041chargefromGoFundMe.(他打開了這條短信，上面警告他GoFundMe要向他收取15041美元。)”以及“

Whenhesawthefive-figurenumber,hecouldn’tbelieveit.(當(dāng)他看到這個(gè)五位數(shù)的數(shù)字時(shí)，他簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信。)”可知，他本打算捐贈(zèng)的是150美元，而實(shí)際因?yàn)椴恍⌒脑谳斎胄庞每ㄐ畔r(shí)出現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致他意外地向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了15041美元，因此當(dāng)他看到自己信用卡上的消費(fèi)金額時(shí)，他感覺(jué)到非常的吃驚。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Tohisrelief,hewastoldhewouldberefundedforthemistakewithinthreetosevenbusinessdays.(讓他松了一口氣的是，他被告知，他將在三到七個(gè)工作日內(nèi)得到退款。)”可知，當(dāng)他給GoFundMe打電話的時(shí)候，他被告知將在三到七個(gè)工作日內(nèi)得到退款。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hefeltterriblethathehadtorevoke(撤銷)hisdonation,andhewantedtooffermore.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedonated$1,500.(他不得不撤銷捐贈(zèng)，這讓他感到很難過(guò)，他想提供更多。他最初的捐款被退還后，他捐了1500美元。)”可知，Michael捐出的錢比他最初計(jì)劃的要多即錢款退回之后，他捐贈(zèng)了1500美元。故選D。CForme,alargepartofgrowingfromagirlintoawomanwasdevelopingahatredformybody.WhenIwasakid,Ididn’tthinkaboutmybodyallthatmuch.Myattitudestowardsmybodychangedaroundmiddleschoolwhenpeopleweretalkingaboutstaying“inshape”andgoingondiets.AndthusIstartedtointernalizetheharmfulstandardthatwehavetolookgoodallthetime.Looksaregivenfartoomuchimportanceinoursociety.Womenaresupposedtolookperfectallthetime.We’resupposedtoidolize(崇拜)celebritieswhohavefarmoretimeandmoneytospendontheirappearancethantheaverageperson.It’ssimplynotattainable.Ilovetheideaofbodypositivity.Ifirmlybelievethateveryoneshouldtrytolovethemselvesasmuchaspossible.However,it’salmostimpossibletoloveeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.Personally,Icouldneverachievethat.It’sagoodideatopromotebodypositivityintheory,butitalsoallowsustobeatourselvesupbecausewedon’tloveourselvesallthetime.Bodyneutrality(中立)isamuchmoreattainablegoal.Bodyneutralitypromotestheideathatyourbodyissimplyyourbodyinsteadofthinkingsomethingisgoodorbad.Thismentalityiseasiertoachieve,anditdoesn’tforceyoutotrytolovethingsyoudon’tlove.Wedon’tneedtoloveeverypartofourbody—it’sjustabody.Anotherwaytoviewyourbodyistobethankfulforeverythingthatitdoesforyouratherthanhowitlooks.Forexample,IamgratefulthatmybodyallowsmetogoskiingbecauseIloveskiing.Thisshiftinmentalitycanbehelpfulbecauseitfocusesonyourbody’sabilitytodothingsyoulove,insteadofyourappearance.Ultimately,theidealmentalityislovingeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.However,themorerealisticalternativeisacceptingyourbodyforwhatitisandwhatitdoesforyou.Lovecancomeafter,butneutralityisagoodplacetostart.8.Whydidtheauthorchangeherattitudetowardsappearancearoundmiddleschool?A.Becauseshewasinfluencedbyothers.B.Becauseshebegantodislikeherbody.C.Becauseshethoughtitimportanttostayinshape.D.Becauseshefailedtomeetherschool’sstandards.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbodypositivity?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Prejudiced. D.Indifferent.10.Whatdoesbodyneutralitypromote?A.Pursuingperfectionintermsofbodyimage.B.Tryingtochangeyourappearanceconstantly.C.Lovingeverypartofyourbodyunconditionally.D.Acceptingyourbodyasitiswithoutjudgment.11.Whatisthesuggestedmentalitytowardsyourbody?A.Ignoringitslimitations.B.Focusingonappearance.C.Beinggratefulforitscapabilities.D.Beingcriticalofitsimperfections.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述作者在中學(xué)前后改變了對(duì)外表的態(tài)度，建議我們愛(ài)自己身體的每一部分，接受自己的身體和它對(duì)自己的作用【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Myattitudestowardsmybodychangedaroundmiddleschoolwhenpeopleweretalkingaboutstaying“inshape”andgoingondiets.AndthusIstartedtointernalizetheharmfulstandardthatwehavetolookgoodallthetime.(我對(duì)自己身體的態(tài)度在中學(xué)前后發(fā)生了改變，當(dāng)時(shí)人們都在談?wù)摫３帧吧聿摹焙凸?jié)食。因此，我開始內(nèi)化那種有害的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即我們必須一直看起來(lái)很好。)”可知，當(dāng)別人開始談?wù)摫３帧吧聿摹焙凸?jié)食的時(shí)候，作者對(duì)自己身體的態(tài)度發(fā)生改變，由此可知作者是受了別人的影響，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ilovetheideaofbodypositivity.Ifirmlybelievethateveryoneshouldtrytolovethemselvesasmuchaspossible.However,it’salmostimpossibletoloveeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.Personally,Icouldneverachievethat.It’sagoodideatopromotebodypositivityintheory,butitalsoallowsustobeatourselvesupbecausewedon’tloveourselvesallthetime.(我喜歡身體積極性這個(gè)概念。我堅(jiān)信每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該盡可能地愛(ài)自己。然而，要一直愛(ài)你身體的每一個(gè)部位幾乎是不可能的。就我個(gè)人而言，我永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法做到這一點(diǎn)。從理論上講，提高身體積極性是個(gè)好主意，但這也會(huì)讓我們自責(zé)，因?yàn)槲覀儾⒉豢偸菒?ài)自己。)”可推知，作者對(duì)身體積極性的態(tài)度是懷疑的，故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Bodyneutralitypromotestheideathatyourbodyissimplyyourbodyinsteadofthinkingsomethingisgoodorbad.Thismentalityiseasiertoachieve,anditdoesn’tforceyoutotrytolovethingsyoudon’tlove.Wedon’tneedtoloveeverypartofourbody—it’sjustabody.(身體中立是指你的身體就是你的身體，而不是認(rèn)為某事是好是壞。這種心態(tài)更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)，它不會(huì)強(qiáng)迫你去愛(ài)你不喜歡的東西。我們不需要愛(ài)我們身體的每一部分——它只是一具身體。)”可知，身體中立提倡的就是客觀的看待身體，也就是不加評(píng)判地接受你的身體。故選D。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ultimately,theidealmentalityislovingeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.However,themorerealisticalternativeisacceptingyourbodyforwhatitisandwhatitdoesforyou.Lovecancomeafter,butneutralityisagoodplacetostart.(最終，理想的心態(tài)是一直愛(ài)你身體的每一個(gè)部位。然而，更現(xiàn)實(shí)的選擇是接受你的身體和它對(duì)你的作用。愛(ài)可以緊隨其后，但中立是一個(gè)很好的開始。)”可知，建議你對(duì)自己身體的心態(tài)就是接受你的身體，也就是對(duì)身體對(duì)你的作用和能力表示感激，故選C。DNewresearchhasdiscoveredthatadulthowlermonkeysuseplaytoavoidconflictandreducegrouptension,withlevelsofplayincreasingwhentheyarefacedwithlimitedresources.Howlermonkeyplayinvolvesindividualshangingfromtheirtails(尾巴)andmakingfacialexpressionsandsignals,suchasshakingtheirheads.However,playisanenergy-costlyactivityforhowlermonkeys,whogenerallyhaveaninactivelifestyleduetotheirmainlyleaf-baseddiet.Theresearchersexaminedhowplayvarieswithage,andtheymeasuredtheamountoftimeadultsplaywithotheradultsandwithjuvenilemonkeyswithintheirgroups.BystudyingsevendifferentgroupsofhowlermonkeysintherainforestsofMexicoandCostaRica,theresearchersfoundthattheamountofadultplayislinkedtothenumberofpotentialplaymates,increasinginlinewiththesizeofthegroup.Adultsspendmoretimeplayingwithotheradults,ratherthanjuveniles,andadultfemalesspendmoretimeengagedinplaythanadultmales.Crucially,theresearchersfoundthatplayamongadultsincreasesinlinewithtimespentsearchingforfruit.Howlermonkeystypicallyeatleaves,andfruitisahighlyprizedresourcethatgeneratescompetitionamongthemonkeys.LeadauthorDr.NorbertoAsensio,ofUniversityoftheBasqueCountry,said,“Onetheoryforthepositiveeffectoffruitconsumptiononplayisthatafruit-baseddietsimplyprovidesthehowlermonkeyswithmoreenergycomparedtotheirtypicaldietofleaves.”“Ifthiswasthecase,weshouldhaveobservedadultsengaginginmoreplaywithotheradultsofthegroup,insteadofyoungmonkeysduringfruitsearching.Becauseyoungmonkeysdonotposeathreatorprovidecompetitionatfruittrees,webelievethatplayamongadultsisamethodforsolvingconflictswithinthegroup,inasimilarwaythatgrooming(梳理毛發(fā))isusedbysomeotheranimals.”12.Whatwasthefocusoftheresearchers’observation?A.Whatfoodthemonkeyseat.B.Whatinfluencethemonkeys’play.C.Howlongthemonkeysstaytogether.D.Howbigthemonkeys’playgroupsare.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“juveniles”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Younganimals. B.Foreigngroups.C.Teamleaders. D.Familymembers.14.WhatdoweknowabouthowlermonkeysaccordingtoNorbertoAsensio?A.Theylovegrooming.B.Theypreferleavestofruits.C.Youngmonkeysarenotcompetitive.D.Adultmonkeysdon’tcareabouttheyoung.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Fruits—crucialsourceofenergyB.Howlermonkey—aspecialgrouplivewithpeaceCMonkeysplay—animportantmeansforharmonyD.Conflicts—unavoidableproblemsamongmonkeys【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了一個(gè)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)即新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，成年吼猴通過(guò)玩耍來(lái)避免沖突，減少群體緊張，當(dāng)它們面臨有限的資源時(shí)，玩耍的程度會(huì)增加。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Howlermonkeyplayinvolvesindividualshangingfromtheirtails(尾巴)andmakingfacialexpressionsandsignals,suchasshakingtheirheads.(吼猴的游戲包括個(gè)體用尾巴懸掛，并做出面部表情和信號(hào)，比如搖頭。然而，對(duì)于吼猴來(lái)說(shuō)，玩耍是一項(xiàng)消耗能量的活動(dòng)，它們通常有一種不活躍的生活方式，因?yàn)樗鼈冎饕詷淙~為食。)”以及第三段中“Theresearchersexaminedhowplayvarieswithage,andtheymeasuredtheamountoftimeadultsplaywithotheradultsandwithjuvenilemonkeyswithintheirgroups.(研究人員研究了玩耍是如何隨著年齡的變化而變化的，他們測(cè)量了成年猴子和其他成年猴子以及幼猴在他們的群體中玩耍的時(shí)間。)”可知，研究這門關(guān)注的是影響吼猴玩耍的各方因素如吼猴的游戲、年齡在影響吼猴玩耍時(shí)間的影響等。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子“Theresearchersexaminedhowplayvarieswithage(研究人員調(diào)查了玩耍是如何隨年齡變化的)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是研究者們調(diào)查了年齡對(duì)猴子在玩耍時(shí)產(chǎn)生的影響，同時(shí)根據(jù)劃線詞前“theymeasuredtheamountoftimeadultsplaywithotheradults(他們測(cè)量了成年猴子與其他成年猴子一起玩耍的時(shí)間)”可知，研究者們研究了成年猴子和成年猴子之間玩耍的時(shí)間，后文應(yīng)該研究的是成年猴子和不同年齡的猴子玩耍的時(shí)間即成年猴子和年輕猴子之間玩耍的時(shí)間，從而形成比較。故劃線詞與A選項(xiàng)“Younganimals.(年輕的動(dòng)物)”為同義詞。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifthiswasthecase,weshouldhaveobservedadultsengaginginmoreplaywithotheradultsofthegroup,insteadofyoungmonkeysduringfruitsearching.Becauseyoungmonkeysdonotposeathreatorprovidecompetitionatfruittrees(如果是這樣的話，我們應(yīng)該觀察到成年猴子更多地與群體中的其他成年猴子玩耍，而不是小猴子在尋找水果。因?yàn)樾『镒硬粫?huì)對(duì)果樹構(gòu)成威脅或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。)”可知，相比于成年猴子更積極地參與到群體游戲中去尋找水果，年輕的小猴子們顯得更不積極，因?yàn)槟贻p的小猴子在尋找水果不會(huì)構(gòu)成威脅或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Newresearchhasdiscoveredthatadulthowlermonkeysuseplaytoavoidconflictandreducegrouptension,withlevelsofplayincreasingwhentheyarefacedwithlimitedresources.(新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，成年吼猴通過(guò)玩耍來(lái)避免沖突，減少群體緊張，當(dāng)它們面臨有限的資源時(shí)，玩耍的程度會(huì)增加。)”以及通讀全文，文章講述的是一個(gè)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)即成年吼猴使用玩耍來(lái)避免沖突并減少群體緊張，當(dāng)它們面臨資源有限的情況時(shí)，玩耍的程度會(huì)增加即猴子的之間的玩耍能夠避免猴子之間的沖突實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧，C選項(xiàng)“Monkeysplay—animportantmeansforharmony(猴子玩?！椭C的重要手段)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoLiveaFulfillingLifeHowawesomewoulditbetogetoutofbedeachmorningfeelingpurposefulandhappyaboutyourday?Whataboutgoingtosleepeachnightwithagrin(露齒的笑)ofsatisfactiononyourlips?____16____Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyou.●____17____Toleadamorefulfillinglife,youfirstneedtoknowwhatpartofyourcurrentlifeistroublingorunsatisfactory.Reflectondifferentaspectsofyourlifetofigureoutwhichareupsettingyouthemost.Tryclosingyoureyesandquestioning“Whatpartofmylifedissatisfiesmethemost?”Whatevercomestomindfirstisprobablywhereyou’llwanttostart.●Buildinggoodhabits.Oneofthebestwaystobuildgoodhabitsthatsupportafulfillinglifeisbydoingsomethingeachdaythatchallengesyou.Identifyonethingyoucantakeactiononthatpushesyoubeyondyourcomfortzoneanddoit.Thismightbesharingideaswithyourbosswhenyoutypicallystayquiet.____18____Forexample,ifyou’vebeentryingtoloseweight,butyouspendtoomuchtimeonthecouch,reduceyourtimeonTVordoanexercisewhileyouwatch.●Havinggoodhealthandwell-being.____19____You’llhavetroublefeelingfulfilledifyourenergyonlygoesout.Justasyoupourloveandsupportintoothers,youmustreturnthatloveandsupporttoyourself.Taketimetoimproveyourownselfwithpassionsorself-care.Fulfillmentalsotranslatestoperfectmentalandphysicalhealth,somaketimetoexerciseregularly.Scheduleitintoyourday.____20____A.Addressingyourdissatisfaction.B.Learningtoavoiddissatisfaction.C.It’simportanttosetaside“me”time.D.Endeachdaybyreflectingonyourdailychallenge.E.Replacingyourbadhabitswithgoodonesisalsosuggested.F.Thatway,itwillbejustlikeanyothertaskonyourto-dolist.G.Thismayseemdifficult,butleadingamorefulfillinglifeisentirelypossible.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要介紹了如何過(guò)上充實(shí)的生活的幾點(diǎn)建議。包括解決不滿，建立良好的習(xí)慣，關(guān)注健康和福祉以及反思每天的挑戰(zhàn)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題“HowtoLiveaFulfillingLife(如何過(guò)充實(shí)的生活)”以及“Whataboutgoingtosleepeachnightwithagrin(露齒的笑)ofsatisfactiononyourlips?(每天晚上帶著滿意的笑容入睡怎么樣?)”可知，文章介紹的是如何過(guò)上充實(shí)生活提出相關(guān)建議，并提出每天晚上帶著滿意的笑容入睡；同時(shí)根據(jù)后文“Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyou.(這里有一些建議可能會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該指出針對(duì)于前文提出的目標(biāo)即過(guò)上充實(shí)的生活是很難的，由此提出幾點(diǎn)建議。G選項(xiàng)“Thismayseemdifficult,butleadingamorefulfillinglifeisentirelypossible.(這可能看起來(lái)很難，但過(guò)上更充實(shí)的生活是完全可能的)”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下。故選G。【17題詳解】本題為本段的中心句。根據(jù)后文“Toleadamorefulfillinglife,youfirstneedtoknowwhatpartofyourcurrentlifeistroublingorunsatisfactory.(為了過(guò)上更充實(shí)的生活，你首先需要知道你目前生活的哪些部分令人不安或不滿意)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是指出自己生活中令人不安或者不滿意的地方，然后進(jìn)行解決。A選項(xiàng)“Addressingyourdissatisfaction.(解決你的不滿)”概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,ifyou’vebeentryingtoloseweight,butyouspendtoomuchtimeonthecouch,reduceyourtimeonTVordoanexercisewhileyouwatch.(例如，如果你一直在努力減肥，但你在沙發(fā)上花了太多時(shí)間，那就減少看電視的時(shí)間，或者一邊看電視一邊做運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，此處舉例說(shuō)明通過(guò)使用好習(xí)慣取代壞習(xí)慣。E選項(xiàng)“Replacingyourbadhabitswithgoodonesisalsosuggested.(還建議用好習(xí)慣取代壞習(xí)慣)”引起下文，形成呼應(yīng)。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“You’llhavetroublefeelingfulfilledifyourenergyonlygoesout.Justasyoupourloveandsupportintoothers,youmustreturnthatloveandsupporttoyourself.Taketimetoimproveyourownselfwithpassionsorself-care.(如果你的精力耗盡，你就很難感到滿足。就像你把愛(ài)和支持傾注給別人一樣，你也必須把愛(ài)和支持回報(bào)給自己?；c(diǎn)時(shí)間用激情和自我照顧來(lái)提升自己)”可知，你自己也會(huì)耗盡精力，讓自己感到無(wú)法滿足。因此，此處建議要給自己留些時(shí)間，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間用激情和自我照顧來(lái)提升自己。C選項(xiàng)“It’simportanttosetaside“me”time.(留出屬于自己的時(shí)間是很重要的)”引起下文，提出給自己留些時(shí)間的重要性，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文的“Fulfillmentalsotranslatestoperfectmentalandphysicalhealth,somaketimetoexerciseregularly.Scheduleitintoyourday.(成就感也意味著完美的精神和身體健康，所以要花時(shí)間定期鍛煉。把它安排到你的一天中)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)要花時(shí)間鍛煉，把它定期的安排到自己的一天日程中。F選項(xiàng)“Thatway,itwillbejustlikeanyothertaskonyourto-dolist.(這樣，它就會(huì)像你待辦事項(xiàng)清單上的其他任務(wù)一樣)”與前文呼應(yīng)，指出把鍛煉定期的安排到自己的一天日程中，就好像是代辦清單上的其他任務(wù)一樣，由此形成良好的習(xí)慣。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)及運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Jody,ahighschoolwrestlingcoachsprangintoactionafterhearingthathislongtimefriendRayneededakidney(腎).“LastyearRaygavemeacallandhesounded____21____.Iaskedhimifhewasokay.Hestoppedforamomentandsaid,‘I’m____22____,’”Jodyexplained.Withoutthinkingtwice,Jodybegan____23____.Unfortunately,hefoundouthewouldn’tbeakidneymatchforRay,whowasrunningoutoftimebecauseofhow____24____hewasonthedonorlist.“Iquicklyrealizedthroughthe____25____donorprogramatLVHospital,Icouldactuallydonatetothekidneybank,____26____anotherperson’slifewhoIdon’tknow,andRaywouldmoveuponthekidneydonorrecipient(受方)list,”saidJody.Andthat’s____27____whathedid.Withthesupportofhisfamily,Jodygotthegreenlightand____28____withthesurgery.Followingthesurgery,Jody’sdoctortoldhimthe____29____fact:“Wefoundcancerinyou.”____30____,Jodywasintheearlystagesofatypeofcancerthatusuallygoes____31____untilit’stoolate.Ifnotforhis____32____todonateanorgan,doctorsmightnothavebeenableto____33____thediseaseintime.JodyannouncedthefortunatesaveonFacebook,“Soonerorlater,ifyoutakeactionsbasedon‘goodness’andinthebest____34____ofothers,itcomesfullcircleback,”hesaid.“Itwasa____35____thatIdonatedmykidney.Igotabonusgiftandsavedmyownlife!”21.A.terrible B.familiar C.confused D.distracted22.A.recovering B.moving C.resting D.dying23.A.crying B.exercising C.kidding D.testing24.A.different B.popular C.low D.healthy25.A.shared B.improved C.voluntary D.global26.A.balance B.save C.shape D.continue27.A.normally B.exactly C.possibly D.especially28.A.wentahead B.putup C.gotaway D.cameup29.A.plain B.relevant C.disturbing D.observable30.A.Clearly B.Certainly C.Luckily D.Hopefully31.A.accessible B.visible C.undamaged D.undetected32.A.decision B.ability C.permission D.potential33.A.understand B.treat C.catch D.spread34.A.experience B.interest C.effort D.performance35.A.challenge B.relief C.success D.blessing【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.C26.B27.B28.A29.C30.C31.D32.A33.B34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是高中摔跤教練Jody聽(tīng)到好朋友Ray需要腎臟后，無(wú)私地捐獻(xiàn)腎臟卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的身體出現(xiàn)了癌癥，但及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并治療，最終被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)非常幸運(yùn)的事情。他呼吁人們多做善事，好事會(huì)得到回報(bào)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：去年Ray給我打了個(gè)電話，聽(tīng)起來(lái)很糟糕。A.terrible糟糕的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.confused困惑的；D.distracted分心的。根據(jù)后文“Iaskedhimifhewasokay.”可知，因?yàn)镴ody詢問(wèn)朋友Ray是否安好，由此表明Ray聽(tīng)起來(lái)很糟糕。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我快要死了。A.recovering恢復(fù)；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.resting休息；D.dying死亡。根據(jù)前文“Rayneededakidney(腎).”可知，Ray需要一顆腎臟，故Ray覺(jué)得自己快要死了。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jody不假思索地開始了測(cè)試。A.crying哭；B.exercising鍛煉；C.kidding開玩笑；D.testing測(cè)試。根據(jù)后文“Unfortunately,hefoundouthewouldn’tbeakidneymatchforRay”可知，Jody聽(tīng)到朋友Ray需要腎臟，于是不假思索的去進(jìn)行測(cè)試，結(jié)果得知自己的和Ray的不匹配。故選D。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不是Ray的腎臟配型，Ray因?yàn)樵诰栀?zèng)者名單上位次低而時(shí)間不多了。A.different不同的；B.popular流行的；C.low低的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)前文“whowasrunningoutoftime”可知，Ray所剩時(shí)間不多，是因?yàn)樗诰栀?zèng)者的名單上位置太靠后，還輪不到Ray被捐贈(zèng)腎臟。故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快意識(shí)到，通過(guò)LV醫(yī)院的自愿捐贈(zèng)計(jì)劃，我可以向腎臟銀行捐贈(zèng)，拯救另一個(gè)我不認(rèn)識(shí)的人的生命，而Ray將在腎臟捐贈(zèng)接受者名單上排名靠前。A.shared共享的；B.improved改善的；C.voluntary自愿的；D.global全球的。根據(jù)后文“Icouldactuallydonatetothekidneybank”可知，Jody通過(guò)的是自愿捐贈(zèng)腎臟的方式，故參加的是LV醫(yī)院的自愿捐贈(zèng)計(jì)劃。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.balance平衡；B.save挽救；C.shape塑造；D.continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)“anotherperson’slife”可知，Jody通過(guò)自愿捐贈(zèng)腎臟的方式來(lái)拯救其他人的生命。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他就是這么做的。A.normally通常；B.exactly精確地，正是如此；C.possibly可能；D.especially特別地。根據(jù)后文“Jodygotthegreenlightand____8____withthesurgery.”可知，Jody也恰恰就是這么做的即通過(guò)自愿捐贈(zèng)腎臟的方式來(lái)拯救其他人的生命。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Jody得到了批準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行了手術(shù)。A.wentahead進(jìn)行；B.putup建造；C.gotaway逃脫；D.cameup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“Jodygotthegreenlight”可知，Jody得到了允許，開始進(jìn)行了手術(shù)即自愿捐贈(zèng)腎臟。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：手術(shù)后，Jody的醫(yī)生告訴他一個(gè)令人不安的事實(shí)：“我們?cè)谀闵砩习l(fā)現(xiàn)了癌癥。”A.plain簡(jiǎn)單的；B.relevant相關(guān)的；C.disturbing令人不安的；D.observable可觀察到的。根據(jù)“Wefoundcancerinyou”可知，醫(yī)生在給Jody手術(shù)的過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)了他有癌癥，這是令人不安的事實(shí)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)是，Jody的癌癥處于早期階段，這種類型的癌癥通常直到晚期都不會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.Clearly明顯地；B.Certainly當(dāng)然；C.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；D.Hopefully希望。根據(jù)“intheearlystages”可知，幸運(yùn)的是，Jody的癌癥處于早期階段。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.accessible可接近的；B.visible可見(jiàn)的；C.undamaged未受損的；D.undetected未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。根據(jù)后文“untilit’stoolate”可知，通常來(lái)說(shuō)，這種類型的癌癥通常直到晚期都不會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是他決定捐獻(xiàn)器官，醫(yī)生們可能無(wú)法及時(shí)治療這種疾病。A.decision決定；B.ability能力；C.permission許可；D.potential潛力。根據(jù)前文“Icouldactuallydonatetothekidneybank”可知，Jody做出捐贈(zèng)腎臟的決定。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是他決定捐獻(xiàn)器官，醫(yī)生們可能無(wú)法及時(shí)治療這種疾病。A.understand理解；B.treat治療；C.catch捉??；D.spread傳播。根據(jù)后文“thediseaseintime”可知，就是在Jody捐贈(zèng)腎臟的手術(shù)過(guò)程中，醫(yī)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的癌癥，由此進(jìn)行了及時(shí)地治療。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：遲早會(huì)發(fā)生的是，如果你根據(jù)“善良”和他人的最大利益采取行動(dòng)，它會(huì)以圓滿的方式回報(bào)回來(lái)。A.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；B.interest興趣，利益；C.effort努力；D.performance表演。根據(jù)前文的“goodness”可知，設(shè)空處與其構(gòu)成并列即如果根據(jù)“善良”和他人的最大利益采取行動(dòng)，最終它會(huì)以圓滿的方式回報(bào)你。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我捐獻(xiàn)了我的腎，這是一件幸事。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.relief解脫；C.success成功；D.blessing幸事。根據(jù)后文“Igotabonusgiftandsavedmyownlife”可知，對(duì)于Jody捐腎來(lái)說(shuō)這件事是一件幸事，因?yàn)檎且驗(yàn)榫枘I才讓他的癌癥得以及時(shí)救治，挽救了他的生命。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Aculturaltourismpromotioneventtitled“HometownofConfucius,HospitableShandong”openedinRomeItaly,onMay6,2023.____36____(host)bytheShandongProvincialDepartmentofCultureandTourism,theevent’sopeningceremony____37____(attend)bymorethan100guests,includinggovernmentofficialsfrombothsides,aswellas____38____(representative)fromItaly.Shandongis____39____largeprovinceintermsofpopulation,economy,culture,andtourismalongtheeastcoastofChina.Ithasapopulationofmorethan100millionandisthethird____40____(large)economyinChina.Ithasrichculturaltourismresourcesasitis____41____MountTairises,theYellowRiverflowsintothesea,andConf