高二英語教師用書：Unit2SectionⅢGrammar

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語語境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句后自主感悟1.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.2。FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway。3。Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth，butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland.1.例句1中的過去分詞included和例句3中的過去分詞settled作動(dòng)詞find的賓語補(bǔ)足語。2.例句2中的過去分詞connected作動(dòng)詞get的賓語補(bǔ)足語.作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般為及物動(dòng)詞，表示被動(dòng)和完成，說明賓語所處的狀態(tài)。一般與它前面的賓語在邏輯上構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng),其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為：主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋過去分詞。一、幾類能夠接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞(短語)1．表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞（短語),如see，watch，observe，find，lookat,hear,listento，feel，notice，think等。WhenIcamein，Isawastrangegirlseatedinthecorner。我進(jìn)去時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生的女孩坐在角落里。Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselveslostforwords.甚至最好的作家有時(shí)候也會(huì)表達(dá)不出來.Thenextmorningpeoplenoticedtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged。第二天早上，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們房子外面的世界全變了樣。2．表示“致、使”意義的動(dòng)詞，如have，make,get，keep，leave等。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish。他們用了很簡單的英語以使別人能聽懂。Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。［名師點(diǎn)津］“have＋賓語＋過去分詞”可以表示三種含義：(1）表示“讓某人做某事”I’llhavemyhaircuttomorrow。明天我要去理發(fā)。（2)表示“遭遇某種不幸；受到打擊”Hehadhiswalletstolen.他的錢包被偷了.(3）做某事(主語可能參與其中)Ihadmyhouserepairedlastweek。上周，我修補(bǔ)了房子.3．表示“希望、要求"等意義的動(dòng)詞，如like，want，wish，order等。Theteacherdoesn’twishsuchquestions（tobe）discussedinclass。老師不希望在課堂上討論這樣的問題。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek。經(jīng)理要求在本周末完成這項(xiàng)工作.4．過去分詞用在“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealreadylaidforamealtobecooked.客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準(zhǔn)備盛放即將做好的飯菜.[即時(shí)演練1]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Isawanoldmanknocked（knock)downbyacar。②I’dlikethejobdone(do）whenIcomebackfromthejourney.③Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimselfheard（hear）．④Anoldmanwasbroughtin，withhishandstied（tie)behindhisback。二、非謂語動(dòng)詞(短語）作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別1．感官動(dòng)詞(短語)see，watch，observe，lookat，notice,hear,listento，feel等的賓語補(bǔ)足語主要有三種形式，試比較(以hear為例）:eq\o(\a\vs4\al(hear＋,賓語＋）\b\lc\｛（\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth。聽到……正在做……（主動(dòng)、，進(jìn)行）,dosth.聽到……做了……(主動(dòng)、完成）,done聽到……被做（被動(dòng)、完成或無時(shí)間性）））)IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。(主動(dòng)，完成）IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天經(jīng)過她房間時(shí)，我聽見她正在唱英文歌.(主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行）TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該找機(jī)會(huì)并盡可能多地聽別人說英語。（被動(dòng)，無時(shí)間性）［即時(shí)演練2]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theyknewherverywell。Theyhadseenhergrow(grow）upfromchildhood.②Themissingboywaslastseenplaying（play）neartheriver.③Whenhecameback，hewasgladtoseetheworkfinished（finish）．2．使役動(dòng)詞make,have,get，keep后加復(fù)合賓語的比較make＋賓語＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth。讓……做某事（主動(dòng)）,done讓……被做(被動(dòng)）)）Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.這令人震驚的消息使我意識(shí)到我們將面臨多么可怕的問題.Imademyselfknowntothemfirstandthenwetalkedaboutourhobbies。我先向他們作了自我介紹，然后我們談?wù)摿俗约旱膼酆?。eq\o（\a\vs4\al（have＋，賓語＋）\b\lc\｛（\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth。使……做某事（主動(dòng)），doingsth.使……持續(xù)做某事（主動(dòng)、，進(jìn)行），done使……被做(被動(dòng)))）)Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt。媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal。整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個(gè)不停。Shehadherluggagecheckedanhourbeforeherplaneleft.她在飛機(jī)起飛前一個(gè)小時(shí)對(duì)她的行李進(jìn)行了安檢。have還可用于havesth.todo結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中have作“有"講，不定式作定語.Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou。我有很緊急的事要通知你們。get＋賓語＋eq\b\lc\{（\a\vs4\al\co1（todosth。使……做某事（主動(dòng)）,doingsth。使……開始做某事（主動(dòng)），done使……被做（被動(dòng)）））Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他讓我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn).I’llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(請(qǐng)人)修一下我的手機(jī)。keep＋賓語＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1（doingsth.使……一直做某事（主動(dòng)、，進(jìn)行），done使……被做（被動(dòng)）)）I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.對(duì)不起,讓你久等了.Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas。她緊閉雙眼,待在原地未動(dòng)。[即時(shí)演練3］用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Barbaraoftenmakesascheduletogetherselfreminded（remind)ofwhatsheistodointheday.②Hewantstohavehiseyesexamined（examine）tomorrow.③Hespokeslowlyandclearlysothathecouldmakehimselfunderstood（understand）．④LiHua,whowasbusypreparingareport，couldn’tputupwiththeloudnoise,sohekeptallthewindowsshut（shut）alldaylong.3．with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語補(bǔ)足語的比較witheq\b\lc\｛（\a\vs4\al\co1（sb。/sth。doing(主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行），sth。done（被動(dòng)、完成）,sth.todo（表示將來）)）Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowingthem。這對(duì)老年夫婦晚飯后經(jīng)常在公園里散步，他們的狗跟著他們。Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.約翰收到一份宴請(qǐng)函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請(qǐng)。Withalotofworktodo，shewasn'tallowedtoleaveheroffice.由于有許多工作要做,不允許她離開辦公室。[即時(shí)演練4］用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Withmuchhomeworktofinish(finish),Iamnotallowedtogoout.②Shefellasleepwiththelightburning(burn）．③Withagreatweighttaken（take）offhermind，shepassedallthetestssuccessfully。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepsherstudentsamused（amuse）withherstories。2．There’ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.Iwillhavemycomputerrepaired（repair）．3．Thegirlhadherhatblown（blow)onherwayhome。4．Tomwasgoingthroughthecrowdwhenheheardhisnamecalled（call)．5．Thebosshastheworkerswork（work）14hoursa