高二英語(yǔ)黃金閱讀理解：地理類（含詳解）

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精高中英語(yǔ)黃金閱讀(高二版)GoldenReadingforSeniorMiddleSchoolStudents十、地理類（1)ThetotalareaoftheUnitedStatesissome9。4millionsquarekilometers，whichmakesitthefourthlargestcountryintheworld.Itsmainlandcoversadistanceofnearly5，000kilometersfromeasttowest，andabout2，500kilometersfromsouthtonorth。SurroundedbythreeoceansandtheGulfofMexico，ithasalongcoastline(海岸線）ofabout20000kilometers,whichmakesitoneofthecountrieswiththelongestcoastlineintheworld.TheUnitedStatesliesinthesouthofNorthAmericaanditssoutherntipreachesthesubtropicalzone（亞熱帶）。Onthenorththecountrysharesmorethan6，000kilometersoflandborderwithCanadawhichrunsapproximately（大約)alongthe49thparallel（緯線)inthewestpartandthenacrossthefourofthefiveGreatLakesbeforeturningtothenortheast。TheborderbetweentheUnitedStatesandCanadaisopenandundefended。ThesouthernlandneighbouroftheUnitedStatesisMexicowithwhichitsharesacommonborderofsome3,000kilometers.ThecoastareaoftheGulfofMexicoisthemostimportantoil—producingregion(地區(qū)）intheUnitedStates。TothewestofthemainlandisthePacificacrosswhichtheUnitedStatestrades(貿(mào)易）itsproductsforgoodsfromtheFarEast.TotheeastofthecountryliestheAtlanticwhichwitnessed（目睹)largenumbersofEuropeanimmigrants（移民）sailingtotheirAmericancolonies(殖民地）。TheAtlanticisstillthemostimportantsearoutefromtheUnitedStatestoEuropeandtheMiddleEast.1.Thispassageismainlyaboutthe_______oftheUnitedStates.A.name B.sizeandposition C。population D.coastline2.TheUnitedStatesis_______.A.thelargestcountryintheworldB。acountrywiththelongestcoastlineC。intheNorthofSouthAmericaD.mainlybetweenthesubtropicalzoneandthe49thparallel3。Themostimportantoil-producingregionoftheUnitedStatesisin_______.A。thelandborderwithCanada B。thesouthC。thecoastareaofthePacific D。Mexico4。ThefiveGreatLakesbelongto_______.A。Canada B.Mexico C.theUnitedStatesD.England5.ThepeopleoftheUnitedStatesweremostlyimmigrantsfrom_______。A。Europe B.theAtlanticC.theFarEast D.theMiddleEast6。WhichofthedrawingsbelowgivesthecorrectpositionandshapeoftheUnitedStates？(P=Pacific;GM=theGulfofMexico;C=Canada；M=Mexico；A=Atlantic）有圖：見(jiàn)《高考英語(yǔ)模擬試題集注》P115頁(yè)【答案與解析】本文主要講了美國(guó)的大陸面積以及其優(yōu)越的地理位置。1.B。主旨題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知此題選B。2.D.推斷題。美國(guó)是世界第四大國(guó)，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由文中第1段最后一句可知是和三大洋以及墨西哥灣一起組成世界最長(zhǎng)的海岸線，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；從第2段第1句TheUnitedStatesliesinthesouthofNorthAmerica…可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故答案選D。3。B。推斷題.根據(jù)Thesouthernlandneighbour…和ThecoastareaoftheGulfofMexicoisthemostimportantoil-producingregion（地區(qū))intheUnitedStates可知墨西哥灣沿海岸是美國(guó)最重要的石油產(chǎn)地，故此題答案為B。但不能選D(墨西哥）。4.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。從文中第2段第2句可知此題選C。5。A。細(xì)節(jié)題.從…largenumbersofEuropeanimmigrants(移民）sailingtotheirAmericancolonies可知答案為A。6。B。推斷題。從文中美國(guó)的地理位置“北邊是Canada，南邊是Mexico”和大陸面積“東西約5000千米，南北約2500千米”可知答案選B。（2)Eclipseofthesun(日食）Beginningaroundtenpasteight，mostpartofourcountrycanseeanannular(環(huán)狀的）eclipseofthesuntoday。Generally，theumbra（本影）ofthemoondoesnotreachtheearth’ssurface；however，becauseoftheeccentricity（偏心）ofthemoon'sorbit(軌跡)sometimestheumbraofthemoon’sshadowextendstotheearth’ssurface。Thenatotaleclipseofthesuntakesplace。Theobserverwithintheareacoveredbytheumbraseesthedarkcircleofthemooncompletelyhidingthesun’sdisk（日輪）。Anannulareclipsehappenswhentheumbraisdirectedtowardtheearthbutitistooshorttoreachit.Withinasmallareaoftheearth’ssurfacethemoonisseenalmostcentrallyprojected（投影)onthediskofthesun，butthemoonappearsslightlythesmallerofthetwo，sothataringofthesun'sdiskremainsuncovered.1。Wecanseeanannulareclipseofthesunabout_______today.A。8：10a.m。 B。10：08a.m. C.8:10p.m。 D.10:08p。m.2.Thedirectreasonofthesun’stotaleclipseliesinthefactthat_______。A。themoonmovesinaneccentricorbitB.theumbraofthemoongetstotheearth’ssurfaceC.theumbraofthemoondoesnotreachtheearth’ssurfaceD.bothAandB3.Whenanannulareclipseofthesunappears，_______.A。wecanseearing-likethemoonB。thesunissmallerthanthemoonC.apartoftheumbraofthemoonreachestheearth’ssurfaceD.theumbracannotreachtheearthbutitfacestheearthdirectly4.Whenatotaleclipseofthesunhappens_______.A。theobservercanseearing-likesunB.theobservercanseethesun’sroundsurfaceC.theobservercannotseethesunatallD。theobservercanseethesun’sshadowonly5。Whichisthefigure（圖）ofanannulareclipseofthesun?(E=theearth;M=themoon;S=thesun）有圖：見(jiàn)《高考英語(yǔ)模擬試題集注》P132頁(yè)(ABDCB）【答案與解析】本文主要說(shuō)明日食是怎樣形成的。1.A.從文中第1句可得知答案為A。2.B.從文中第2段可知日全食的形成的直接原因是有時(shí)月球的本影延伸到地球表面,所以答案選B。3.D。從文中第3段第1句可知答案為D（tooshorttoreachit=cannotreachtheearth）。4。C。從第2段最后一句…seesthedarkcircleofthemooncompletelyhidingthesun'sdisk可知月球光環(huán)把日輪完全地遮住了,所以此題答案選C（根本看不到太陽(yáng))。5。B.根據(jù)常識(shí)可排除C、D，因?yàn)榘l(fā)生日食時(shí)，太陽(yáng)、月球和地球應(yīng)在同一直線上；雖然A、B兩圖中的太陽(yáng)、月球和地球處于同一直線上，但根據(jù)Anannulareclipsehappenswhentheumbraisdirectedtowardtheearthbutitistooshorttoreachit可確定答案為B.（3）WhentheFederalgovernmentofAustraliawasformedin1901，nooneknewwhereAustralia’scapitalwouldbe。ThetwocitiesofMelbourneandSydneybothwantedthehonor。Instead,thefoundingfatherschoseforthenewcapitalasite（地點(diǎn))halfwaybetweenthetwo.ThegovernmentwouldbuildanewcitycalledCanberraasthecountry’scapital.In1911,thegovernmentinvitedtheworld’sleadingarchitects(建筑師）toenterdesignsforCanberrainacontest(比賽).AnAmericanarchitectfromChicagonamedWalterGriffinwon。ThegovernmentdecidedtobuildCanberraaccordingtohisplan.MenstartedworkonCanberrain1913,buttwenty-fouryearspassedbeforethecitywasfinished。Atonetime,almosteveryoneinCanberraworkedforthegovernment。However，thecitytodayhasbecomeacenterofeducationandafavoriteplacefortourists(旅游者).Nowpeoplecanholdagovernmentjob,ortheycanworkinbusiness.Theycanalsoearnalivingbyteachingorbymeetingtheneedsoftourists.CanberraisnowAustralia'slargestinland(內(nèi)陸的）city.ManypeoplelivingtherehavecomefromothercitiesinAustraliaandfromotherlands。TheyhavecometoCanberratowork.Somehavecometoescapethemorehectic(狂熱的）wayoflifefoundinmanyothercities.1.WhywasthecityofCanberradesignedbyanAmerican?A.Hewasaleadingarchitectofthattime.B。HewasprobablythedesignerofWashingtonD.C.C.Hewoninadesigncontest。D。TheAustralianhopedthenewcapitalwouldbelikeChicago.2。ThecityofCanberrawasfinished_______。A。in1901 B。in1911 C。in1913 D.in19373.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.CanberraisthelargestcityofAustralia.B.ThereareanumberofschoolsandcollegesinCanberra。C。ManypeopleinCanberraworkforthegovernment。D.Canberrahasbecomeafavoriteplacefortourists。4。Wh