專題45 議論文（高考真題+各地模擬題）

備戰(zhàn)2022高考考英語完形填空話題分類訓(xùn)練(高考真題+各地模擬題)專題45議論文（2014·廣東·高考真題）Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain,teenagershave___1___feelingsabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon___2___betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parentsgomadover___3___rooms,clothesthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe___4___.Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheirpatiencecontinuallywhenparentsblamethemfor___5___thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaninguptheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesupermarket.Theresearch,conductedbySt.GeorgeUniversity,showsthatdifferentparentshavedifferent___6___totheseproblems.However,someapproachesaremore___7___thanothers.Forexample,thoseparentswhoyellattheirchildrenfortheiruntidiness,but___8___cleantheroomforthem,havefewerchancesofchangingtheirchildren’s___9___.Onthecontrary,thosewholetteenagersexperiencethe____10____oftheiractionscandobetter.Forexample,whenteenagerswhodon’thelptheirparentswiththeshoppingdon’tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator,theyareforcedto____11____theiractions.Psychologistssaythat____12____isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships.Parentsshould____13____totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.Parentsmay____14____theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidybuttheyshouldalsounderstandthattheirroomistheirownprivatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itisonlybylisteningtoand____15____eachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.1．A．natural B．strong C．guilty D．similar2．A．interest B．a(chǎn)rgument C．link D．knowledge3．A．noisy B．crowded C．messy D．locked4．A．homework B．housework C．problem D．research5．A．washing B．using C．dropping D．replacing6．A．a(chǎn)pproaches B．contributions C．introductions D．a(chǎn)ttitudes7．A．complex B．popular C．scientific D．successful8．A．later B．deliberately C．seldom D．thoroughly9．A．behavior B．taste C．future D．nature10．A．failures B．changes C．consequences D．thrills11．A．defend B．delay C．repeat D．reconsider12．A．communication B．bond C．friendship D．trust13．A．reply B．a(chǎn)ttend C．a(chǎn)ttach D．talk14．A．hate B．scold C．frighten D．stop15．A．loving B．observing C．understanding D．praising（2022·山西臨汾·二模）“Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?”WhenIwasakid,I____16____thequestion.AdultsalwaysseemedterriblydisappointedthatIwasn't____17____becomingsomethinggrandor____18____,likeanastronaut.Now,asanorganizationalpsychologist,myjobistofixotherpeople'sjobs,andI'vecometo____19____thataskingyoungstersthatquestiondoesthem____20____Myfirstcomplaintaboutthequestionisthatit____21____kidstodefinethemselvesintermsofwork.Ifwedefineourselvesbyourjobs,our____22____

dependsonwhatweachieve.Sowhenyouare____23____whatyouwanttobe,it'snotsocially____24____tosay,“Afather”,or,“Amother”,letalone,“Apersonofintegrity”.Thesecond____25____istheimplicationthatthereisonecalling（使命）outthereforeveryone.Researchshowsthat____26____oneleavesstudentsfeelinglostand____27____.Afterall,noteveryonehasthattalentforgrandjobs.Ifyoumanageto____28____theabovebarriers，thereisathirdhurdle（難關(guān)）：Careersrarelyliveuptoyourchildhood____29____.Inonestudy,lookingfora(n)____30____jobleftcollegeseniorsfeelingmoreanxiousandlesssatisfiedwiththe____31____.AsTimUrbanwrites,happinessisrealityminusexpectations.It'sclearhowexpectations____32____ourperceivedhappiness.Ifyouarelookingforextremehappiness,you'reboundtobe____33____Askingkidswhattheywanttobeleadsthemto____34____acareeridentitytheymightneverwanttoearn.____35____,invitethemtothinkaboutthedifferentthingstheymightwanttodo.16．A．considered B．feared C．explained D．recalled17．A．dreamingof B．objectingto C．focusingon D．stickingto18．A．a(chǎn)verage B．humble C．heroic D．romantic19．A．prefer B．remember C．believe D．a(chǎn)nticipate20．A．harm B．good C．wrong D．honor21．A．forces B．troubles C．commands D．forbids22．A．status B．experience C．worth D．fame23．A．taught B．a(chǎn)sked C．guided D．consulted24．A．rejected B．a(chǎn)ccurate C．confirmed D．a(chǎn)cceptable25．A．thought B．division C．a(chǎn)ssumption D．problem26．A．pickingup B．searchingfor C．prayingfor D．takingover27．A．bored B．impatient C．intolerant D．confused28．A．strengthen B．control C．build D．overcome29．A．efforts B．struggles C．a(chǎn)mbitions D．gains30．A．ideal B．permanent C．ordinary D．specific31．A．benefit B．outcome C．solution D．truth32．A．boost B．contain C．guarantee D．a(chǎn)ffect33．A．disappointed B．a(chǎn)ddicted C．delighted D．embarrassed34．A．refuse B．claim C．keep D．ignore35．A．Meanwhile B．Otherwise C．Instead D．However（2022·廣東·汕頭市聿懷中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Doyoulisten?Doyoureallylisten?Istheremoretolisteningthanjusthearing?Listeningis,byfar,oneofthemostimportantaspectsofcommunication.Sooften,youpayattentiontoyourwayofspeaking,your____36____,yourdialect,butneglectyourabilitytolisten.Itismy____37____thatpeoplescreamoutorchangetheintendedpurposesofmuchofwhattheyhear.Toooften,weconsiderlisteningthe____38____partofconversation,althoughitrequiresourfocus,purpose,andactiveparticipation.Listeningmeanstogiveearto,topayattentionto,to____39____,towitness,tohearwiththoughtful____40____,ortounderstand.Themostbasicofallhumanneedsistheneedtounderstandandtobeunderstood.Theonlywaytounderstandisto____41____.Learntobeanactivelistener.Giveoffpositivebodylanguage.____42____awillingnesstosocialize.Asktherightquestions.Boostyour____43____sothatyoucanunderstandmoreandachieveeffectivelistening.Listeningmeansweshouldrespond,thatweshouldbetouched,thatwhatwehearhasa(n)____44____onus.Ibelievethathistory_____45_____itselfonlybecausenoonelistensthefirsttime.Youweregiventwoears,butonlyonemouth,whichisagentlehintthatweshouldlistenmore,becauseGodknewthatlisteningwastwiceas_____46_____astalking.Listeningisthekeybuildingblockineffectivecommunications.Goodlisteningskillsarecrucial,aslisteningisthefundamental_____47_____ofallinformation.Isn’tnowthetimetogivethegiftoflisteningtothoseaboutyou?Giventhemyour_____48_____attention.UseyourGodgiven_____49_____tobecomeabetterlistener.Forme,I’mgoingtoputinto_____50_____whatIbelieveinmyheartandbecomeabetterlistener.36．A．sounds B．words C．gestures D．movements37．A．conception B．plan C．purpose D．requirement38．A．a(chǎn)ctive B．passive C．basic D．useless39．A．a(chǎn)rgue B．quarrel C．discuss D．obey40．A．a(chǎn)dvice B．a(chǎn)ttention C．love D．help41．A．a(chǎn)sk B．learn C．try D．listen42．A．Send B．Present C．Predict D．Design43．A．courage B．confidence C．energy D．knowledge44．A．impact B．connection C．emotion D．difference45．A．makes B．fails C．repeats D．destroys46．A．interesting B．hard C．much D．long47．A．resource B．material C．source D．element48．A．considerate B．wide C．extra D．entire49．A．information B．talents C．messages D．ideas50．A．effect B．position C．practice D．service（2022·四川·石室中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）ChinaistakingareformintoaccountonitsCollegeEntranceExamination,underwhichtwoseparatetestmodes-__51__andacademic-willbeintroducedintotheexamination.Suchreformsarebadlyneeded,asthedemandforhighly-skilledprofessionals__52__sharplyinthecontextofthecountry'seconomicrestructuring.Thetestfortechnicalmodewillmainly__53__thetechnicalskillsofthosestudentswhoplantobecome_54_andmechanicalworkerswhiletheacademicmodeattractsthosestudentswhoprepareto_____55_____anacademiccareer.Callsforreformofthecurrentgaokaoregime,underwhichstudentsareadmittedbased__56__upontheiracademicperformanceinsteadofpracticalskills,havebeen__57__highinChinainrecentyears.___58___,theexistingsystemhassomemerits,asitprovides__59__fairopportunitiesforallstudents,especiallythosefromthepoorareas,tochangetheir__60__throughreceivinghighereducation.Butithasalsobeen__61__forhavingchurnedoutcollegegraduateswithlittlepracticalskills,somethingthatpreventedthemfrom__62__decentjobs.Lastyear,Chinahad6.99millioncollege_63_,only77.4percentofwhichhavefoundaposition,accordingtoofficial__64__.__65__,thefactthatmanycollegegraduatescannotfindaproperjobdoesnot__66__meanChinahastoomanytalents.Inmanysectors,enterprisescan't__67__thetechniciansandskilledworkerstheyneed.Accordingtoasamplesurveyof__68__professionalsin40citiesconductedbythetheMinistryofLaborandSocialSecurity,techniciansandhighlyskilledworkersaccountfor__69__4percentofthelaborforce,__70__withanaverage35percentindevelopedcountries.51．A．economic B．technical C．combined D．a(chǎn)cademic52．A．rises B．falls C．changes D．turns53．A．a(chǎn)cton B．operateon C．reflecton D．focuson54．A．teachers B．officials C．engineers D．writers55．A．create B．cultivate C．know D．pursue56．A．largely B．slightly C．totally D．wholly57．A．standing B．keeping C．flying D．running58．A．Admittedly B．Supposedly C．Excitedly D．Repeatedly59．A．completely B．naturally C．relatively D．reasonably60．A．past B．origin C．a(chǎn)ppearance D．fate61．A．commented B．targeted C．enjoyed D．regarded62．A．landing B．hiring C．doing D．liking63．A．students B．graduates C．technicians D．employees64．A．data B．guess C．media D．instruction65．A．However B．Therefore C．Anyway D．Furthermore66．A．possibly B．importantly C．necessarily D．generally67．A．find B．raise C．a(chǎn)ccept D．support68．A．talented B．proficient C．retired D．dedicated69．A．lessthan B．morethan C．ratherthan D．otherthan70．A．connected B．a(chǎn)ssociated C．dealt D．compared（2021·上海普陀·一模）Imaginesittinginsideawindowlesstrainthat'sshootingthroughatubeattwicethespeedofanairplane.Yourtrainhasnowheels,producesno____71____,makesitsownelectricity,andisn'taffectedbybadweather.Thisisthehyperloop,anewvisionfortheworld's____72____,safest,andgreenestformoftransportation.Manyhave____73____thisnewtechnology,butotherssaythehyperloopvisionisjustabunchofhotair.Hyperloopdevelopersplantousethepropertiesofmagnetstofloat,stabilize,anddrivethecapsulesorpodsforhundredsofmilesthrough____74____tubes.Withoutairorgroundtoslowdownthevehicles,whatwasonceafive-hourjourneywouldbecomeahalf-hourexcursion,engineerspromise.Supportersofthetechnologypromoteadditional____75____oftransportingpassengersandcargobyhyperloop.Forexample,theyfirmlystatethatunlikeothercity-to-citytransportthat's____76____,suchasplanesortrains,hyperloopvehicleswouldleaveasneeded,likeUbersandtaxis.Whilethe____77____wouldholdonly28to50passengerseach,developersplanforthemtodepartstationsingroupseveryminuteorsowhichtheysaycouldamounttoshuttling50,000peopleanhour.That'smorethantwicethepassenger____78____oftheworld'sfastesttrains.Developersalsosaythathyperlooptubeswouldbe____79____sotheywouldn'tinterferewithothertrafficorthreatenwildlife.Andtubeswouldbecoveredwithsolarpanelstopowerthehyperloop'ssystems.______80______,advocatesregardthehyperloopasthetransportationchoiceforthefuture.Butnoteveryoneisonboard.Engineershavecalculatedthatthehigh-speedvehicleswillneedtomakemuchwiderturnsthancurrentlyenvisioned,andotherwisetheywon'tbe______81______forpassengers.Thiswouldaddseveralmilestotheproposedtubetracks,Engineersalsosayplannershaven'tincludedenoughtimeforvehiclestosafelybrakeandtakeoffatstations.Someengineersbelieveitwilltakemuchlongerthanclaimedtopumpthe______82______outofthetubesbeforeeachvehicle'sdeparture.Criticsthussayhyperloopscan'tgoasfastorserveasmanypassengersperhourasadvertised,makingthem______83______existinghigh-speedtransportationoptions.Hyperloopcompaniessaythey're______84______theseconcerns.Theyclaimthattheycansafelymaintainhighspeedsbyhavingthevehiclesbankaroundtheturnsasaplanedoes.Andtheirhyperloopswillrelyonthesplit-secondreactiontimesofacomputerto______85______vehiclesquickly,frequently,andsafely.71．A．pollution B．sound C．energy D．wind72．A．cleanest B．lightest C．latest D．fastest73．A．a(chǎn)dapted B．exploited C．embraced D．developed74．A．totallyhollow B．nearlyairless C．steadilynarrow D．highlyflexible75．A．a(chǎn)dvantages B．costs C．qualities D．situations76．A．inconstantdemands B．onstricttimetables C．inchangeablestates D．onessentialservices77．A．cabins B．lorries C．tubes D．vehicles78．A．fare B．capacity C．speed D．comfort79．A．underground B．parallel C．elevated D．shared80．A．However B．Therefore C．Beside D．Otherwise81．A．a(chǎn)vailable B．economic C．easy D．safe82．A．force B．a(chǎn)ir C．heat D．water83．A．mostpopularof B．superiorto C．nobetterthan D．leastprofitableof84．A．a(chǎn)ddressing B．causing C．voicing D．releasing85．A．ride B．pilot C．park D．a(chǎn)lert（2021·上海長(zhǎng)寧·一模）Hugelyambitiousinscope,TheLordoftheRingsoccupiesanuncomfortablepositionin20thcenturyliterature.ThisbookofJ.R.R.Tolkien’sposesachallengetomodernliteratureanditsdefenders.(Tolkienonhis___86___:“Somewhohavereadthebook,oratanyratehavereviewedit,havefounditboring,ridiculous,orannoying;andIhavenocausetocomplain,sinceIhavesimilaropinionsoftheirworks,orofthekindsofwritingthattheyevidently____87____.”)YetTheLordoftheRingshasenjoyedmassiveandenduringpopularity.ItwouldseemthatTolkien’sworksuppliedsomethingthatwas____88____amongtheformalinnovationsof20thcenturyfiction,somethingforwhichreaderswerehungry.Butwhatwasit,andwhywasitimportant?ItseemsthatthekeypointliesinTolkien’swholeheartedrejectionofmodernityandmodernism.Thisiswhatsopowerfully____89____somereaders,andjustaspowerfullydrivesawayothers.InhisbookJ.R.R.Tolkien:AuthoroftheCentury,T.A．ShippeyexpandsonthisideabyarguingthatTolkiensawhisstoryofMiddle-earthnotasfictionorinvention,butasthe____90____ofsomethinggenuinethathadbecomeburiedbeneaththefairytaleandnurseryrhythm.“HoweverfancifulTolkien’screationofMiddleearthwas,”Shippeywrites,“hedidnotthinkthathewasentirely____91____.Hewas‘reconstructing’,hewasharmonizingconflictsinhissource-texts,sometimeshewassupplyingentirelynewconcepts,buthewasalsoreachingbacktoanimaginativeworldwhichhebelievedhadoncereally____92____,atleastinacollectiveimagination.”ThebookisalsodeeplygroundedinTolkien’slinguisticexpertise（語言專長(zhǎng)）—he____93____wholelanguagesforhischaracters.Sometimeshebecamesoabsorbedinthecreationoflanguages,infact,thathe____94____thestoryitselfformonthsoryearsatatime,believinghecouldnotcontinueuntilsomeinconsistency（不一致）inhisinventedworldhadbeenresolved.ButTolkien’sgreatintellectandknowledgeisnotthesourceofhis______95______;withouthisstorytellinggift,TheLordoftheRingswouldbelittlemorethanacuriosity.Andthisgiftseemstooriginatestraightfromhis______96______tobreakfromclassicalandtraditionalforms.Tolkienhimselfoftenspokeofhisworkassomething‘found’or‘discovered’,somethingwhoseexistencewas______97______ofhim.It’swisetobecarefulwiththissortofinterpretation,butitseems______98______thathebelievedhisworktobesomethinggiven,somethingrevealed,whichcontainedakindoftruthbeyondmeasure.______99______,hisdetailshavetheweightofreality,andbecauseofthishisgreatsweepofstoryfeelsrealaswell;youmightsaythathis______100______castlesarebuiltwithacertainamountofgenuinestone.86．A．books B．critics C．readers D．a(chǎn)mbitions87．A．dislike B．challenge C．review D．prefer88．A．common B．possible C．missing D．funny89．A．a(chǎn)nnoys B．influences C．a(chǎn)ttracts D．concerns90．A．recovery B．designing C．a(chǎn)nalysis D．questioning91．A．takingitdown B．makingitup C．turningitdown D．lookingitup92．A．remained B．struck C．moved D．existed93．A．spoke B．invented C．neglected D．recalled94．A．putaside B．setup C．lookinto D．getalong95．A．style B．tension C．success D．tradition96．A．decision B．request C．struggle D．refusal97．A．representative B．independent C．conscious D．thoughtful98．A．clear B．weird C．unfair D．pitiful99．A．Asaresult B．Onthecontrary C．Evenso D．What’sworse100．A．a(chǎn)ncient B．broken C．imaginary D．foreign（2021·四川廣安·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Whatwillyoubecomeinthefuturedependsalotonwhatyouaredoingtoyourselfnow.Youdon'tneedafortune____101____totellyouwhatyourfuturelifewillbe.Youcanbebrilliant,unforgettableorinteresting____102____youbelievethatyouarethe____103____ofyourself.Onceyouknowwhatyouwanttoachieve,eachlittlestepyou____104____everydaywillbringyouclosertoyourgoal.Thebooksyouhaveread,thetelevisionprogrammesthatyouhave____105____towatchandthetypeofpeopleyouhavemetarewhat____106____youwhenyouchoosetocreatethetypeofpersonyouwill____107____inthefuture.Don't____108____thatlifeiseasier.Don'tletothersgetyou____109____andstopyoufromachievingwhatyou_____110_____toachieve.Beinchargeofyourself_____111_____asyoumovetowardsyourlifegoal,youwillgetagreat_____112_____.Don't_____113_____andletluckdetermineyourfuture._____114_____aboutlifeandyoursurroundingswillnotearnyou_____115_____.Tellyourselfthatyouarein_____116_____andtheworldwillnotbeabletoholdbackapersonona_____117_____path.Thebestgolfplayersalwaysareinthegolffieldandthebestswimmersarealwaysfoundinthe_____118_____.Theyunderstandthattheyarethecreatorsoftheirownselfinthefuture.Learntobe_____119_____.Goanddiscoveryouruniquequalitiesandlearntomoveawayfromyour_____120_____zone.Takevigorous(果斷的)action.Remember,youarethecreatorofyourself.101．A．writer B．reporter C．teller D．professional102．A．a(chǎn)slongas B．evenif C．incase D．a(chǎn)sthough103．A．producer B．creator C．supporter D．a(chǎn)dviser104．A．take B．move C．develop D．a(chǎn)djust105．A．a(chǎn)dvised B．elected C．chosen D．made106．A．promote B．represent C．protect D．guide107．A．follow B．become C．a(chǎn)dmire D．copy108．A．hope B．suspect C．imagine D．risk109．A．up B．down C．off D．a(chǎn)way110．A．setaside B．makeout C．setout D．makeof111．A．then B．a(chǎn)nd C．or D．but112．A．harvest B．goal C．success D．happiness113．A．look B．stop C．wait D．sit114．A．Quarrelling B．Concerning C．Arguing D．Complaining115．A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．everything116．A．person B．danger C．relief D．charge117．A．rough B．muddy C．successful D．beautiful118．A．playground B．pool C．court D．camp119．A．brave B．intelligent C．grateful D．calm120．A．effort B．dislike C．a(chǎn)ttitude D．comfort（2021·河北邯鄲·三模）Itisalmostimpossibletobeleftaloneinadigitalworld,wherepeoplearemeanttobeconnected.Inthisrespect,digitaltechnologieshave___121___ourlife.Thepossibilitytobeconnectedallthetimehasbroughtourpersonalspacetoa(n)___122___aswe'veknownit.Peoplehavebecomeso___123___intheworldofnetworksthatonecanoftenbecontactedevenifthey'drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,textande-mail,notonlyfromour___124___,butfromourmobilephonesaswell.Mostpeoplehavebecome___125___ondigitaltechnologysimplybecauseithasbecomeanecessarypartoflife,andatthispointnot___126___itwouldmakethemansocialoutsider.___127___,manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobeconnected.Fromthispointofview,beingreachablemightfeellikea___128___tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes.Butsolitude(獨(dú)處)stillcanbepossibleforthosewho___129___wantit.Computerscanbe____130____andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Ofcourse,thechoicetobe“off”and“on”hasmany____131____aswellasdisadvantages.Whentravelersendup____132____inmountains,andmobilephonescanmeanlifeordeath,althoughtheycanalsomakepeoplefeel____133____andforcedtoanswerunwantedcalls.Actually,attitudestowardsdigitaltechnologiesasasociety____134____widely.Somefindthemagift.Othersconsiderthemacurse.Whetheryoulikeitornot,it'shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutthe____135____indigitaltechnologies.121．A．reshaped B．respected C．ignored D．preserved122．A．a(chǎn)larm B．stage C．end D．balance123．A．sensitive B．intelligent C．considerate D．reachable124．A．neighbors B．computers C．friends D．monitors125．A．impressed B．hard C．dependent D．focused126．A．finding B．using C．protecting D．changing127．A．Also. B．Instead. C．Otherwise. D．Therefore.128．A．pleasure B．benefit C．burden D．shame129．A．slightly B．barely C．merely D．really130．A．soldout B．brokenup C．shutdown D．joinedin131．A．a(chǎn)spects B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．weaknesses D．exceptions132．A．hidden B．lost C．relaxed D．deserted133．A．trapped B．excited C．confused D．a(chǎn)mused134．A．vary B．a(chǎn)rise C．spread D．exist135．A．hopes B．tests C．interests D．a(chǎn)chievements參考答案：1．D2．B3．C4．B5．C6．A7．D8．A9．A10．C11．D12．A13．D14．B15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了家長(zhǎng)和孩子如何相處的問題。一味的責(zé)備會(huì)使得親情疏遠(yuǎn)。父母也應(yīng)該傾聽孩子的心里話。溝通是一個(gè)雙向的過程。做一個(gè)聰明的善解人意的家長(zhǎng)更受孩子的歡迎。1．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：父母覺得很難與青少年生活。同樣，青少年對(duì)父母也有類似的感覺，他們說和父母住在一起并不容易。A.natural自然的；B.strong強(qiáng)壯的；C.guilty犯罪的；D.similar相似的。根據(jù)空前、空后的提示可知，父母和孩子有著相似的感覺。故選D。2．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，父母與青少年之間的最常見的爭(zhēng)吵是關(guān)于邋遢和每日的例行任務(wù)。A.interest興趣；B.argument爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵；C.link聯(lián)系；D.knowledge知識(shí)。根據(jù)下文可知，因?yàn)楦改覆粷M意孩子不能保持自己房間的干凈、整齊、衛(wèi)生而發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵。故選B。3．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一方面，父母會(huì)因?yàn)榱鑱y的房間，扔在地板上的衣服和他們的孩子拒絕幫助做家務(wù)而發(fā)瘋。A.noisy喧鬧的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.messy雜亂的；D.locked上鎖的。根據(jù)下文“clothesthrownonthefloor”可知，此處指凌亂的房間。故選C。4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一方面，父母會(huì)因?yàn)榱鑱y的房間，扔在地板上的衣服和他們的孩子拒絕幫助做家務(wù)而發(fā)瘋。A.homework作業(yè)；B.housework家務(wù)；C.problem難題；D.research研究，調(diào)查。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指孩子們拒絕做家務(wù)。故選B。5．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，當(dāng)父母責(zé)備他們把毛巾丟在浴室里，沒有打掃房間，或者拒絕在超市購物時(shí)，青少年會(huì)不斷地失去耐心。A.washing洗；B.using使用；C.dropping落下；D.replacing更換，替代。根據(jù)下文“inthebathroom”可知，此處指毛巾扔進(jìn)浴室，dropthetowel“把毛巾掉在地上”。故選C。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：圣喬治大學(xué)的研究表明不同的父母對(duì)這些問題有不同的方法。A.approaches方法，途徑；B.contributions貢獻(xiàn)；C.introductions介紹，入門；D.attitudes態(tài)度，看法。根據(jù)下文“However,someapproachesaremore7thanothers.”可知，此處指不同的方法。故選A。7．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一些方法比其他人的更成功。A.complex復(fù)雜的；B.popular受歡迎的；C.scientific科學(xué)的；D.successful成功的。根據(jù)下文可知，接下來列舉了一些成功的父母的做法。故選D。8．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些對(duì)孩子的不整潔大吼大叫，但后來卻為他們打掃房間的父母，很少有機(jī)會(huì)改變孩子的行為。A.later后來；B.deliberately故意地；C.seldom很少；D.thoroughly徹底。這樣的父母我們生活中不少見。故選A。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些對(duì)孩子的不整潔大吼大叫，但后來卻為他們打掃房間的父母，很少有機(jī)會(huì)改變孩子的行為。A.behavior行為；B.taste味道；C.future未來；D.nature自然。孩子不改變行為是因?yàn)楦改肛?zé)備了他們，然后又幫他們收拾使孩子認(rèn)為被批評(píng)了就可以不做了，自然行為得不到改變。故選A。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)后面可知，與此相反，那些讓青少年體驗(yàn)他們的行為的結(jié)果的父母可以做得更好。A.failures失??；B.changes變化；C.consequences結(jié)果；D.thrills興奮，震顫。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,whenteenagerswhodon’thelptheirparentswiththeshoppingdon’tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator,theyareforcedto___11___theiractions.”可知，此處指讓青少年體驗(yàn)他們的行為的結(jié)果。故選C。11．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，當(dāng)青少年不購物幫助他們的父母購物時(shí)，他們?cè)诒淅锞驼也坏剿麄冏钕矏鄣娘嬃?，這樣他們就被迫重新考慮他們的行動(dòng)。A.defend防御；B.delay耽擱；C.repeat重復(fù)；D.reconsider重新考慮。根據(jù)語境和詞的意義可知，此處指青少年被迫重新考慮他們的行動(dòng)。故選D。12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：心理學(xué)家說交流是家長(zhǎng)和孩子關(guān)系中最重要的事。A.communication交流；B.bond結(jié)合；C.friendship友誼；D.trust信任。有溝通才會(huì)消除隔閡和誤解。故選A。13．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：父母應(yīng)和子女交談，但同時(shí)也應(yīng)該聽一聽他們要說什么。A.reply回答；B.attend參加；C.attach附加，系；D.talk談?wù)?。根?jù)下文“atthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay”可知，此處是talkto“和……交流”。故選D。14．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：父母責(zé)備他們的孩子當(dāng)他們的房間凌亂時(shí)，但他們也應(yīng)該明白他們的房間是他們自己的私人空間。A.hate討厭；B.scold責(zé)備；C.frighten嚇唬；D.stop停止。代入四個(gè)詞分析，只有B符合語境。故選B。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：溝通是一個(gè)雙向的過程。它只有通過傾聽和理解對(duì)方，父母與子女之間的問題才可以得到解決。A.loving愛；B.observing觀察；C.understanding理解；D.praising表揚(yáng)。代入四個(gè)詞分析，C更符合語境。故選C。16．B17．A18．C19．C20．A21．A22．C23．B24．D25．D26．B27．D28．D29．C30．A31．B32．D33．A34．B35．C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。詢問孩子長(zhǎng)大之后想成為什么對(duì)孩子有害。文章論述了三方面的害處。作者建議，邀請(qǐng)孩子想想他們可能想做的其他事情。16．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我是個(gè)孩子時(shí)，我害怕這個(gè)問題。A.considered考慮；B.feared害怕；C.explained解釋；D.recalled回想起。根據(jù)下文中的“AdultsalwaysseemedterriblydisappointedthatIwasn’t2becomingsomethinggrandor3,likeanastronaut”可知，成年人對(duì)作者的回答總是感到失望。所以作者很害怕被問到這個(gè)問題。他的回答讓成年人不滿意。故選B。17．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：大人們似乎總是非常失望，因?yàn)槲覜]有夢(mèng)想成為偉大的或英雄般的人物，比如宇航員。A.dreamingof夢(mèng)想；B.objectingto反對(duì)；C.focusingon集中于……；D.stickingto堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)上文中的“Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?”可知，該處提到的是作者長(zhǎng)大之后的夢(mèng)想。故選A。18．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大人們似乎總是非常失望，因?yàn)槲覜]有夢(mèng)想成為偉大的或英雄般的人物，比如宇航員。A.average平均的；B.humble謙卑的，謙虛的；C.heroic英雄的，英勇的；D.romantic浪漫的。根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)ikeanastronaut”可知，宇航員屬于偉大的或英雄般的人物。故選C。19．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，作為一名組織心理學(xué)家，我的工作是解決別人的工作，我開始相信，問年輕人這個(gè)問題會(huì)傷害他們。A.prefer更喜歡；B.remember記?。籆.believe相信，認(rèn)為；D.anticipate預(yù)期，預(yù)料。根據(jù)后面的“thataskingyoungstersthatquestiondoesthem5”可知，這是作者作為心理學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)或看法。他認(rèn)為問年輕人這個(gè)問題會(huì)傷害他們。故選C。20．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，作為一名組織心理學(xué)家，我的工作是解決別人的工作，我開始相信，問年輕人這個(gè)問題會(huì)傷害他們。A.harm傷害；B.good益處；C.wrong壞事，冤枉；D.honor榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)下文中的“Myfirstcomplaintaboutthequestion”可知，作者對(duì)這個(gè)問題心存抱怨。由此推知，這個(gè)問題對(duì)孩子們來說并不好，對(duì)他們會(huì)造成傷害。故選A。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)這個(gè)問題的第一個(gè)抱怨是，它迫使孩子們從工作的角度來定義自己。A.forces強(qiáng)迫，迫使；B.troubles使煩惱；C.commands命令；D.forbids禁止。結(jié)和上一題的解析和空前的“Myfirstcomplaintaboutthequestion”可知，這個(gè)問題對(duì)孩子們有害。當(dāng)問孩子們長(zhǎng)大之后的夢(mèng)想的時(shí)候，孩子們就被迫從工作角度來定義自己。故選A。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們用工作來定義自己，那么我們的價(jià)值就取決于我們的成就。A.status地位；B.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)；C.worth價(jià)值；D.fame名聲。根據(jù)上文“Ifwedefineourselvesbyourjobs”可以推知，如果我們用工作來定義自己，那么，我們?cè)诠ぷ髦腥〉玫某删蜎Q定了我們個(gè)人價(jià)值。工作好，成就高，個(gè)人價(jià)值就高。反之，工作不好，成就低，個(gè)人價(jià)值就低。故選C。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)你被問到你想成為什么人時(shí)，說“一個(gè)父親”或“一個(gè)母親”是不被社會(huì)接受的，更不用說“一個(gè)正直的人”了。A.taught教；B.asked問，要求；C.guided引導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)；D.consulted咨詢，請(qǐng)教。根據(jù)前文中的“askingyoungstersthatquestiondoesthem5”可知，孩子們被問到想成為一個(gè)什么人。故選B。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)你被問到你想成為什么人時(shí)，說“一個(gè)父親”或“一個(gè)母親”是不被社會(huì)接受的，更不用說“一個(gè)正直的人”了。A.rejected被拒絕的；B.accurate精確的；C.confirmed堅(jiān)定的，被證實(shí)的；D.acceptable可接受的。根據(jù)上文“it6kidstodefinethemselvesintermsofwork.Ifwedefineourselvesbyourjobs,our7dependsonwhatweachieve”可知，當(dāng)用工作來定義一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，個(gè)人價(jià)值取決于個(gè)人成就。所以，諸如“成為一個(gè)父親”、“成為一個(gè)母親”、或“成為一個(gè)正直的人”這樣和工作毫無關(guān)系的回答顯然是不符合期望，不被接受的。故選D。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二個(gè)問題是，這暗示著每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)使命。A.thought想法，思想；B.division除法，分配；C.assumption假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；D.problem問題。結(jié)合上文中的“Myfirstcomplaintaboutthequestion”和下文中的“Ifyoumanageto13theabovebarriers,thereisathirdhurdle”可知，第二、三、四段探討的都是問孩子長(zhǎng)大后要成為什么人產(chǎn)生的害處。因此，該空應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)貶義詞，表示詢問孩子這個(gè)問題產(chǎn)生的問題或害處。故選D。26．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：研究表明，尋找一個(gè)使命讓學(xué)生感到迷失和困惑。A.pickingup撿起；B.searchingfor尋找，搜尋；C.prayingfor祈求，懇求；D.takingover接管。根據(jù)下文中的“noteveryonehasthattalentforgrandjobs(不是每個(gè)人都有做偉大工作的天賦)”可知，對(duì)偉大使命的尋求會(huì)讓學(xué)生感到迷惑。故選B。27．考查動(dòng)形容詞詞義辨析。句意：研究表明，尋找一個(gè)使命讓學(xué)生感到迷失和困惑。A.bored厭煩的；B.impatient不耐煩的；C.intolerant無法忍受的；D.confused困惑的。該空和lost并列，意思應(yīng)該和lost接近。結(jié)合上題解析，可知，對(duì)偉大使命的尋求讓學(xué)生迷失和困惑。故選D。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障礙，還有第三個(gè)障礙：職業(yè)生涯很少能達(dá)到你童年時(shí)的理想。A.strengthen增強(qiáng)；B.control控制；C.build建造；D.overcome克服。根據(jù)空前的“manageto（成功做到某事）”和后面的“thereisathirdhurdle”可知，該處應(yīng)該指即使你可以克服前面提到的兩個(gè)障礙，還有一個(gè)障礙你無法克服。故選D。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障礙，還有第三個(gè)障礙：職業(yè)生涯很少能達(dá)到你童年時(shí)的理想。A.efforts努力；B.strugg