2019上海市春季高考英語試卷真題答案詳解版（精校）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2019年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試上海一考英語試卷考生注意：1.考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分150分2.本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（第1-12頁）和第Ⅱ卷（第13頁），全卷共13頁。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上，在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。第Ⅰ卷（共100分）Ⅰ.ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inachurch.

B.Intheman’shome.

C.Inarestaurant.

D.Inafurniturestore2.A.Shewasexcited.B.Shewasverynervous.C.Shewasveryconfident.D.Therewassomethingwrongwithherheart.3.A.Sheisfull.

B.Shedoesn’tlikethatsnackbarC.Sheisill.

D.Sheisgoingtoseethedoctor.4.A.150pounds.

B.110pounds.

C.50pounds.

D.100pound.5.A.Hecouldn’tspellthewords.

B.Hedidwellinspelling.C.Hereckonedthatitwashardtosay.

D.Hedidn’tdowellincontest.6.A.Concerned.

B.Satisfied.

C.Relaxed.

D.Depressed7.A.Theyaretalkingaboutafitnesscoach.B.Theyarediscussingabouttheformerfirm.C.Theyaretalkingabouttheirformercolleague.D.Theyaretalkingabouttheirfriends’school.8.A.Youngpeopleweren’tsatisfiedwiththelecture.B.Thelecturewasverysuccessful.C.Drinkingwaterwasbannedinthelecture.D.Thelecturemadepeoplefeelthirsty.9.A.Theboss.

B.Tom.

C.Thewoman.

D.Theman.10.A.Healreadyhasonecalculator.B.Hedoesn’tlikethesolar-poweredcalculator.C.Heisgoodatcalculating.D.Hewouldlikelohaveadifferentpresent.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Question11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.1938.

B.1939.

C.1942.

D.1948.12.A.BecausemostAustralianscouldn’taffordit.B.Becausethewarbrokeout.C.Becausetheflyingboatswereoutofdated.D.Becauseland-basedaircrafthaddevelopedrapidly.13.A.Thepriceofflyingboats.B.ThedevelopmentofRoseBay.C.Thesurprisinghistoryofflyingboats.D.Theadvancementofflyingboats.Question14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Theyhavevariousskills.

B.Theyarewellorganized.C.Theycansolvedifficultproblems.

D.Theyhavecreativeideas.15.A.Disorderlinessmightresultincreativity.B.Creativitymightleadtomessiness.C.Smarterpeoplebelievethatcleanlinessisnotimportant.D.Messinesshelpscultivatecreativity.16.A.Thequalitiesofintelligentpeople.B.Themisunderstandingofcreativity.C.Therelationshipbetweencreativityandmessiness.D.Thecomponentsofcreativity.Question17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Anewresearchintothehumanbrain.B.Theadvantagesofmenandwomen.C.Thedifferentconnectionsinbraininmenandwomen.D.Thestudyontwosidesofthebrain.18.A.Inmen’sbrains,therearestrongerconnectionsintwosidesofthebrain.B.Inmen’sbrains,therearestrongerconnectionsineachhalfofthebrain.C.Theconnectionsinmen’sbrainarenotsostrongasthoseinwomen’sbrain.D.Thereisnothingdifferentbetweenmaleandfemalebrain.19.A.Multitask.

B.Mapreading.

C.Cycling.

D.Performingasingletask.20.A.Thedifferent-connectiontheoryisnotconvincing.B.Heholdsaneutralattitudetotheresearchfindings.C.Theconnectionsinsidethebrainwillnotchangeimmediately.D.Hedisagreeswiththenewfindingsandthinkstheconnectioninsidethebrainiscomplexandchangeable.Ⅱ.GrammarVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.StartwiththeendandworkbackwardsWhenJasonHoelscherwasanundergraduateoffineartstudies,thereweren’tanyprofessionaldevelopmentclasses.Soambitionandthetimelyrealization1hewouldhavetodetermine“what’snext”onhisownurgedJasontoengagehisfutureselftofinddirection.Itwas1996,andhewasfinishinghisBFA(BachelorofFineArt)inDenver.Hewasfacedwiththechoiceofsittingbacktowaitforsomething2(happen),orpursuingapathintotheunknown.Hechosethelatter.Jasonsetupaplanthatinfiveyearshe3(show)hisworkinthetopgalleryinthatareaofthecountry.Thisfive-yeargoalgavehimastartingpoint4whichtoworkbackwards.Bysettingthegoal,allofJason’sefforts5(point)inthesamedirection.Heshowedupatdifferentartshowopenings,andresearchedasbesthecouldtomake6familiarwiththemarketenvironment.Asaresultofshowingup,Jasontookopportunities7gothimclosertohisgoal.HesentworktoastudentshowandwasacceptedbyRobinRule,theownerofRuleGallery.8(inspire),Jasonspentthenextmonthmakingnewwork.InAprilof1997,JasonwentbacktoRuleGallerywithhisnewwork.9scaredtodeath,helookedconfidentatthegallerymeeting.Whenheleft,heleftasthenewestadditiontotherulegalleryroster(花名冊).Hehadhisfirstexhibitionthereoneyearlater.Jasoncouldhavestoppedwiththeshowselection,butwhathereallywantedwasgalleryrepresentation.Hestruckwhiletheironwashot,andin10(do)so,shortenedhisfive-yearplanintoayear-and-a-half.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.BillDraytonbelieveswe’reinthemiddleofanecessarybutpainfulhistoricaltransition.Formillenniumsmostpeople’sliveshadacertain11.Youwenttoschooltolearnatradeoraskill-baking,farmingoraccounting.Thenyoucouldgointotheworkforceandmakeagoodlivingrepeatingthesameskilloverthecourseofyourcareer.Butthesedaysmachinescandoprettymuchanythingthat’s12.Thenewworldrequiresadifferentsortofperson.Draytoncallsthisnewsortofpersonalchangemaker.Changemakersarepeoplewhocanseethepatternsaroundthem,identifytheproblemsinanysituation,figureoutwaystosolvetheproblemsinanysituation,figureoutwaystosolvetheproblem,organizefluidteams,leadcollectiveactionandthen13adaptassituationschange.Forexample,AshokafellowAndrésGallardoisaMexicanwholivedinahighcrimeneighborhood.Hecreatedanapp,calledHaus,thatallowspeopleto14withtheirneighbors.Theapphasapanicbuttonthat15everybodyintheneighborhoodwhenacrimeishappening.Itallowsneighborstoorganize,chat,sharecrimestatisticsandworktogether.Toformandleadthiscommunityofcommunities,GallardohadtopossesswhatDraytoncalls“cognitiveempathy-basedlivingforthegoodofall.”Congnitiveempathyistheabilitytoperceivehowpeoplearefeelingin16circumstances.“Forthegoodofall”isthecapacitytobuildteams.Itdoesn’tmatterifyouareworkinginthecafeteriaortheinspectionlineofaplant,companieswillnowonlyhirepeoplewhocan17problemsandorganizeresponses.Millionsofpeoplealreadylivewiththemind-set.Butalotofpeoplestillinhabittheworldoffollowingrulesandrepetitiveskills.Theyhearsocietytellingthem:Wedon’tneedyou.Wedon’tneedyourkids,either.”O(jiān)fcourse,thosepeoplegointoreactionarymodeandstrikeback.Thecentral18ofourtime,Draytonsays,istomakeeveryoneachangemaker.Inanearlierera,hesays,societyrealizeditneededuniversal19.Today,schoolshavetodevelopthecurriculumsandassessmentstomakethechangemakingmentalityuniversal.Theyhavetounderstandthisistheircriteriaforsuccess.Ashokahasstudiedsocialmovementstofindouthowthiskindof20shiftcanbepromoted.Itturnsoutthatsuccessfulmovementstakesimilarsteps.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththeworkorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Morepeoplearetravellingthaneverbefore,andlowerharrierstoentryandfallingcostsmeanstheyaredoingsofor21periods.Theriseof“citybreaks”--48-hourburstsofforeigncultures,easieronthepocketandannualleavebalancehasincreasedtouristnumbers,butnottheir22spread.ThesameattractionshavebeenusedtomarketcitiessuchasParis,BarcelonaandVenicefordecades,andvisitorsusethesameinfrastructureasresidentstoreachthem.“Toomanypeopledothesamethingattheexactsametime,”saysFont.“For23,thecitynolongerbelongstothem.”Thisstartswithmarketing,saysFont,whonotesthatAmsterdamhasstartedadvisingvisitorstoseek24outsideofthecitycentreonitsofficialwebsite.“Thattakessomeballs,reallytodothat.Butonlysomanypeoplewilllookatthewebsite,anditmeanstheycansaytotheirresidentsthey’redoingalltheycantoeasecongestion.”Butitalso25abetterway,itiscalled“detourism”:sustainabletraveltipsan26itinerariesforexploringanauthenticVenice,offthepathsbeatenbythe28millionvisitorswhoflockthereeachyear.Agreatervarietyof27forprospectivevisitorsideasforwhattodoinoff-peakseasons,forexample,oroutsideofthecitycentercanhavetheeffectofdivertingthemfromalreadysaturatedlandmarks,or28shortbreaksawayinthefirstplace.Longerstays29thepressure,saysFont.IfyougotoParisfortwodays,you’regoingtogototheEiffelTower.“Ifyougofortwoweeks,you’renotgoingtogototheEiffelTower14times.”Similarly,repeatvisitorshaveabettersenseofthe30,“Weshouldbeaskinghowwegettouriststo31,nothowtogetthemtocomeforthefirsttime.Ifthey’recomingforthefifthtime,itismucheasiertointegratetheirbehaviorwithours.”Localgovernmentscanfosterthissustainableactivitybygivingpreferencetoresponsibleoperatorandevenhigh-payingconsumers.Fontsayscitiescouldstandtobemoreselectiveaboutthetouriststheytrytoattractwhenthecurrentmetricformarketingsuccessishowmanythereare,andhowfarthey’vecome.“You’rethinking,‘yeahbutatwhatcost...’.”HepointstounpublisheddatafromtheBarcelonaTouristBoardthatprioritizesJapanesetouristsforspendinganaverageof€40moreperdaythanFrenchtouristasa(n)32thatfailstotakeintoaccounttheirbiggercarbonfootprint.33touristsarealsomorelikelytoberepeatvisitorsthatcomeatoff-peaktimes,buylocalproduce,and34tolesscrowdedpartsofthecityallproductivestepstowardsmore35tourism,andmorepeacefulrelationswithresidents.21．A．longer B．shorter C．wider D．clearer22．A．environmental B．national C．economic D．geographic23．A．locals B．tourists C．visitors D．cleaners24．A．transports B．a(chǎn)ccommodation C．restaurants D．service25．A．a(chǎn)ddresses B．paves C．proposes D．receives26．A．separate B．individual C．a(chǎn)lternative D．objective27．A．reform B．guidance C．invitation D．support28．A．convincing B．discouraging C．preventing D．resisting29．A．pace B．escape C．withstand D．ease30．A．culture B．knowledge C．entertainment D．a(chǎn)bility31．A．takeover B．bringup C．comeback D．layoff32．A．distinction B．harmony C．a(chǎn)ssociation D．comparison33．A．French B．Italian C．Spanish D．German34．A．carryout B．giveinto C．spreadout D．impacton35．A．slight B．complex C．temporary D．sustainableSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassages.EachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatementsForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)MTLEDANONICECENTER*900CEDARBOULEVARD*PITTSBURGH,PA15228(412)561-4363

WHO:Skatersofallagesandabilities.Mustbe3yearsofageandpottytrained.AnyPreschoolKindergartenagechildwhohasnevertakenlessonsattheMr.LebanonIceCenterneedstobeevaluated.TheOn-lineregistrationfeaturedoesnotapplytoevaluationregistration.Evaluationdatesandtimesarelistedbelow.EVALUATIONS:Evaluationshelptodeterminebothreadinessandclassplacement.Uponcompletionoftheevaluation,itisrecommendedthatyouregisterforclasseswithanassociatelocatedintheicecenterbooth.AvarietyofdaysandtimesfortheevaluationsarealsolistedonlineandattheIceCenter.Evaluationregistrationmaybedoneinpersonorbyphoneat412-561-4363.DAYEVALUATIONDATESTIMEEVALUATIONFEESaturdayJune2,201812:00p.m.$5.00SundayJune3,201812:00p.m.$500MondayJune4,201810:00a.m.and1:00p.m.$500WednesdayJune6,201810:00a.m.and1:00p.m.$5.00ThursdayJune7,20l810:00a.m.and1:00p.m.$5.00AdditionalevaluationdatesmaybeofferedforsessionⅡ.REFUNDPOLICY:Refundrequestsmustbemadeaminimumof7dayspriortoevent.See.fordetails.REGISTRATION:Inperson—StopbytheMt.LebanonRecreationCenter,groundfloor,MondaythroughSaturday9:00a.m.9:00p.m.orSunday9:00a.m.5:30p.m.ByPhone—CalltheIceCenterat(412)561-4363toscheduleyourskatingevaluationappointmentMakecheckspayableto:Mt.Lebanon,PAvisa,MasterCard,&DebitCardsacceptedQLESTIONS:PleasecalltheMt.LebanonIceCenterstaffat(412)561-4363LeboALERT—AFREEnotificationservice(phone,text,e-mail).Intheeventofanemergencyandtoprovideyouwithupdatesaboutcancellationsandrecreationdepartmentprogramsandevents.Pleasevisit.andsignupforLeboALERT.Allrecreationparticipantsshouldsignup,andatminimumselectthe“Cancellations”category.36．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Tointroduceaskatingprogram.B．Toadvertiseaskatingcenter.C．Toserveasaskatingassessmentschedule.D．Toissueafreeskatingnotification.37．Mary’smotherwantstoregisterstheevaluationforherdaughter.Whichtimeasfollowsissuitableforhertogotothecenter?A．Monday8:30a.m. B．Wednesday2p.m.C．Friday9:30p.m. D．Sunday6:00p.m.38．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Theevaluationisintendedforallpreschoolandkindergartenchildren.B．Refundrequestscanbeacceptedwithin7daysaftertheregistration.C．ParticipantswhosignupforLeboAlertcanreceivefreenotificationabouttheevent.D．Evaluationregistrationcanbedoneinperson,byphoneoron-line(B)Everythingaboutnuclearenergyseemsterrificallybig:thecost,constructionanddecommissioning—andthefearsofsomethinggoingbadlywrong.Thefuture,howevermaywellbemuchsmaller.Dozensofcompaniesareworkingonanewgenerationofreactorsthat,theypromise,candelivernuclearpoweratlowercostandreducedrisk.Thesesmall-scaleplantswillonaveragegeneratebetween50MWand300MWofpowercomparedwiththe1,000MW-plusfromaconventionalreactor.Theywilldrawonmodularmanufacturingtechniquesthatwillreduceconstructionrisk,whichhasplaguedlarger-scaleprojects.Supportersbelievetheseadvancedmodularreactors(AMRs)—mostofwhichwillnotbecommercialuntilthe2030s—arecriticalifatomicpoweristocompeteagainsttherapidlyfallingcostsofsolarandwind.“Thephysicshasn’tchanged.It’saboutmuchclevererdesignthatoffersmuch-neededflexibilityintermsofoperation,”saidTimStone,long-termindustryadviserandchairmanofNuclearriskInsurers,whichinsuresnuclearsitesintheUK.SincetheFukushimameltdowninJapanin2011,safetyfearshavethreatenednuclearpower.Butthebiggestobstacletodayiseconomic.InwesternEurope,justthreeplantsareunderconstruction:intheUKatHinkleypointCinSomerset;atFlamanvilleinFrance;andatOlkiluotoinFinland.AllinvolvetheEuropeanPressurizedReactortechnologyofEDFthatwillbeusedatHinkleyPoint.Allarerunningyearslateandoverbudget.IntheUS,thefirsttwonuclearprojectsunderwayforthepast30yearsarealsoblowingthroughcostestimates.TheUK,whichopenedtheworld’sfirstcommercialnuclearreactorin1956,isoneofthefewwesternnationscommittedtorenewingitsageingfleettoensureenergysecurityandmeettoughcarbonreductiontargets.Itisseenasaprovingground,bymanyintheindustry,ofnuclearpower’sabilitytorestoreconfidence.However,thecountry’sagreementwithEDFtobuildtwounitsatHinkleyPoint—whichtogetherwillgenerate3.2GWofelectricity—hascomeunderseverecriticismoveritscost.Thegovernmentislookingatdifferentfundingmodelsbutsaiditstillseesnuclearpowerasvitaltothecountry’sfutureenergymix.Smallreactors,itbelieves,havethepotentialtogeneratemuch-neededpowerfromthe2030s.Anuclearsectordeal,unveiledlastmonth,promisedupto￡56minfundingforresearchanddevelopmentintoAMRsandattractedinterestofstart-upsfromaroundtheworld.ThegovernmenthopesthefundingwillgivetheUKaleadintheglobalracetodevelopthesetechnologies,helpingtoprovideenergysecuritywhilealsocreatingamultibillion-dollarexportmarketforBritishengineeringcompanies.39．Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheadvancedmodularreactors(AMRs)?A．AMRsproducemorepowerthantraditionalreactorsB．Smallinscale,AMRsrosemoresafetyrisksC．Sofar,mostAMRshavenotbeenputintouseyetD．GovernmentspreferenergyofsolarandwindtothatofAMRs40．Inparagraph5,theauthormentionstheplantsinWesternEuropeandtheUSto________.A．provethatnuclearpowerhasbeenthreatenedbysafetyconcern.B．showthattheconstructionofnuclearpowerplantscostmorethatthebudgetavailable.C．indicatetheconstructionofnuclearplantsareslowinspeed.D．pointoutthatmostpowerplantshaveadoptedthelatestnucleartechnology.41．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．SomepeoplehavelostconfidenceinthedevelopmentofnuclearplantsB．TheUKgovernmentseekstoreducethenegativeimpactofnuclearpoweronitseconomy.C．TheplantobuildtwopowerplantsinHinkleyPointhasbeendesertedD．a(chǎn)kindcostsforsmallmodularreactorswouldbehigherrelativetolargenuclearreactors.42．Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthispassage?A．BritaincountsonnuclearenergytokeeplightsonB．TraditionalnuclearplantsboomwithminireactorsC．Nuclear’sshareofpowergenerationremainsteadD．NuclearpowerlookstoshrinkitswaytosuccessⅣ.Summarywriting43．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney,buttheyalsopollinatelargeareasofcrops,suchasstrawberries,applesandonions.Aboutathirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollinationofthebees.Unfortunately,beeshavebeendisappearingatanalarmingrate.In2006,beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD).ThemainsignofCCDisthelossofadulthoneybeesfromahive.InOctoberof2006,somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesforthedisappearanceofthebees.Butthemostconvincingonehastodowithpesticidesandlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays,beekeepergetmostoftheirincomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrentingbeestopollinateplants.Thismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravellingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravelingontrucks,whichisverystressfultobees.Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Inaddition,beesthatspendmostoftheirtimelockedupontrucksarenotexposedtowhattheyusuallyliveon.Instead,theyliveonasweetliquidfromcorn,usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Theexactreasonforthedisappearanceofbeesisnotsure,butlosingbeesisverycostlytotheeconomy.Thebeepollinationservicesareworthover$8billionayear.Withnobees,pollinationwillhavetobedonebyhand,whichwouldhaveeffectsonthequalityoffoodandincreasedfoodpriced.Wehearalotaboutbigenvironmentaldisastersalmosteveryday.Butoneofthebiggestmayjustbethelessofthattinyflyinginsect.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第Ⅱ卷（共40分）ⅤTranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.44．究竟是什么激發(fā)小王學(xué)習(xí)電子工程的積極性？(motivate)45．網(wǎng)上支付方便了客戶，但是犧牲了他們的隱私。(atthecostof)46．讓我的父母非常滿意的是，從這個公寓的餐廳可以俯視街對面的世紀(jì)公園，從起居室也可以。(so)47．博物館疏于管理，展品積灰，門廳冷落，急需改善。(whose)Ⅵ.writing48．WriteanEnglishcompositionin120)-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是明后中學(xué)的李華，你的朋友李楠給你寫了一封信，告訴你他要開發(fā)一個新的APP，用這個軟件共享衣服，想要征集大家的看法，你是否愿意共享你的衣服，給出理由（信的格式已給）。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．that##which2．tohappen3．wouldshow4．from5．pointed6．himself7．a(chǎn)nd8．Inspired9．Although10．doing【分析】本文屬于記敘文，介紹JasonHoelscher為自己設(shè)定一個五年目標(biāo)，不斷努力，最終用一年半就實現(xiàn)了。1．考查定語從句。句意：他自己決定自己要做什么的雄心和及時覺悟督促他自己找到未來的方向。分析句子可知，hewouldhavetodetermine“what’snext”onhisown為限制性定語從句修飾先行詞Soambitionandthetimelyrealization，從句缺乏have的賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞that或者which。2．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他面臨兩個選擇，第一個坐著等待事情的發(fā)生，另一個選擇就是去探索未知的路。分析句子可知，happen作后置定語修飾something，故用不定式tohappen。3．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：他給自己設(shè)定了一個目標(biāo)，用五年的時間，他要讓他自己的作品在全國頂尖藝術(shù)館里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語，show與he為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動語態(tài)，由于陳述過去的計劃和打算，故用過去將來時，綜述用wouldshow。4．考查介詞。句意：這個五年時間的目標(biāo)給了他一個起點，他可以從這個起點反向努力。分析句子可知，whichtoworkbackwards為定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)修飾先行詞startingpoint，從句缺乏介詞，根據(jù)先行詞，故用介詞from。5．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：通過設(shè)定目標(biāo)，他的所有努力能向著同一個方向。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語，point與主語efforts為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動語態(tài)，陳述過去事情，故用一般過去時pointed。6．考查反身代詞。句意：他會出現(xiàn)在各個藝術(shù)展覽開幕式，盡可能做研究來讓自己熟悉市場環(huán)境。分析句子可知，本句缺乏賓語，由于主語為he，賓語與主語為同一人稱，故賓語用反身代詞himself。7．考查連詞。句意：由于經(jīng)常露面，他抓住所有機會，朝著自己的目標(biāo)不斷前進(jìn)。分析句子可知，tookopportunities和gothimcloser都是句子謂語，為并列關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。8．考查非謂語動詞。句意：深受啟發(fā)，他花了一個月時間來創(chuàng)作新的作品。分析句子可知，inspire作狀語修飾he，與其屬于動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式Inspired。9．考查狀語從句。句意：盡管害怕的要死，但是在展覽會上他看起來信心滿滿。分析句子可知，前后句屬于轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系，故用連詞Although。10．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他趁熱打鐵，通過這樣做，把五年的目標(biāo)用一年半的時間就實現(xiàn)了。in為介詞后接動詞ing形式，故用doing。11．D12．A13．B14．H15．C16．I17．E18．G19．K20．F【分析】本文屬于議論文，現(xiàn)在機器幾乎可以做任何事情。新世界需要不同類型的人。德雷頓稱這種新類型的人是變革者。11．考查名詞。句意：幾千年以來，大多數(shù)人的生活都有一個特定的模式。根據(jù)后一句Youwenttoschooltolearnatradeoraskill-baking,farmingoraccounting.Thenyoucouldgointotheworkforceandmakeagoodlivingrepeatingthesameskilloverthecourseofyourcareer.可知，去學(xué)校學(xué)商業(yè)或者學(xué)習(xí)一門技術(shù)，然后利用這門技術(shù)來過上幸福生活，故可以推出大部分的生活都有一定的模式，故選pattern（模式），故選D。12．考查形容詞。句意：但是如今機器可以作所有重復(fù)性的事情。根據(jù)后文可知，現(xiàn)代社會需要的是能夠解決問題，組建一個流暢的團(tuán)隊，因而可以得出，機器可以取代人類做重復(fù)性的事情，故用repetitive（重復(fù)性的），故選A。。13．考查副詞。句意：變革者就是那些能夠看清自己周圍的模式，識別存在的問題，找到解決問題的辦法，組建一個流利的團(tuán)隊，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體性行動，以及不斷適應(yīng)不斷改變的環(huán)境。根據(jù)本句adaptassituationschange可知，變革者需要不斷適應(yīng)環(huán)境，故用continually，故選B。14．考查動詞。句意：他制作了一個軟件叫Haus，能夠把鄰居組成一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)。根據(jù)后文Itallowsneighborstoorganize,chat,sharecrimestatisticsandworktogether可知，這個軟件可以把鄰居聯(lián)系在一起，故用network（組建網(wǎng)絡(luò)），故選H。15．考查動詞。句意：這個軟件有一個緊急按鈕，當(dāng)有犯罪行為發(fā)生的時候，按了按鈕之后就能夠及時提醒鄰居。分析句子可知，本句講述app的作用，故用alerts（警示）,故選C。16．考查形容詞。句意：認(rèn)知移情就是理解人們在不斷進(jìn)化的環(huán)境中感受的能力。分析文章可知，本文講述隨著時代的發(fā)展，我們需要的人才和能力也是不同的，因而選evolving（進(jìn)化的），故選I。17．考查動詞。句意：如果你現(xiàn)在在自助餐廳或者電站的檢測線上工作，沒關(guān)系，因為這些公司以后只會雇傭那些能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題的人。根據(jù)文章Thenewworldrequiresadifferentsortofperson.Draytoncallsthisnewsortofpersonalchangemaker.可知，現(xiàn)在社會需要的是能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)和解決問題的人，故用locate（定位），故選E。18．考查名詞。句意：Drayton說，我們這個時代最主要的挑戰(zhàn)就是讓每個人都成為變革者。根據(jù)后文Today,schoolshavetodevelopthecurriculumsandassessmentstomakethechangemakingmentalityuniversal.Theyhavetounderstandthisistheircriteriaforsuccess.可知，學(xué)校需要做出改變來培養(yǎng)變革者，這也是很大的挑戰(zhàn)，故選G。19．考查名詞。句意：他說，在早期時代，社會意識到大家都必需要具備讀寫能力。根據(jù)后文Today,schoolshavetodevelopthecurriculumsandassessmentstomakethechangemakingmentalityuniversal.可知，學(xué)校必須做出改變，故選literacy（讀寫能力），故選K。20．考查形容詞。句意：Ashoka研究了社會變革來找出怎樣才能促進(jìn)這種精神轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)前文可知，本文主要講述人們意識的改變，故用mental，故選F。21．B22．D23．A24．B25．C26．C27．B28．B29．D30．A31．C32．D33．A34．C35．D【分析】本文屬于議論文，旅游的發(fā)展，雖然促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，但從另外一個方面影響到了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳钜约案鞣N基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，如何保證旅游業(yè)的長久發(fā)展是擺在人們面前的一大問題。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更多的人旅游的更頻繁，因為去一個國家的障礙更少，費用更低，這就意味著游客在一個地方旅游的時間越來越短。A.longer

更長的；B.shorter

更短的；C.wider更寬的；D.clearer更干凈的。根據(jù)本句人們旅游更頻繁，呆的時間越來越短，故選B。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：城市假期的興起，48小時快速了解外國文化的興起，金錢和年假更匹配，這些都導(dǎo)致游客人數(shù)上漲，但是游客目的地地理范圍沒有相應(yīng)的擴展。A.environmental環(huán)境的；B.national國家的；C.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；

D.geographic地理的。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述旅游興起帶來的問題，故選D。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于當(dāng)?shù)厝藖碚f，城市已經(jīng)不屬于他們了。A.locals當(dāng)?shù)厝?；B.tourists游客；C.visitors參觀者；D.cleaners清潔工。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述旅游對當(dāng)?shù)氐臎_擊，故選A。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Font說到，這需要從市場廣告做起，阿姆斯特丹就在其旅游官網(wǎng)上建議游客到郊區(qū)尋找食宿地方。A.transports交通；B.accommodation食宿；C.restaurants餐廳；D.service服務(wù)。根據(jù)文章可知，本文提供了一些解決辦法，故選B。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也建議了一種更好的方式，叫錯峰旅游，一種可持續(xù)的旅游方式，即避開游客大量集中的旅游景點，去探索真正的威尼斯。A.addresses做演講，處理；B.paves鋪路；C.proposes建議；D.receives收到。根據(jù)本句可知，還有另外一種方式來解決這個問題，故選C。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也建議了一種更好的方式，叫錯峰旅游，一種可持續(xù)的旅游方式，即避開游客大量集中的旅游景點，去探索真正的威尼斯。A.separate分開的；B.individual個人的；C.alternative可替代性的；D.objective客觀的。根據(jù)本句offthepathsbeatenbythe28millionvisitorswhoflockthereeachyear可知，為游客提供一些人少的路線，故選C。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對游客進(jìn)行廣泛指導(dǎo)也可以引導(dǎo)他們不去人滿為患的景點，打消他們短期旅行的想法。A.reform改革；B.guidance指導(dǎo)；C.invitation邀請；D.support支持。根據(jù)文章可知，本段講述對游客進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，實現(xiàn)游客分流，故選B。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對游客進(jìn)行廣泛指導(dǎo)也可以引導(dǎo)他們不去人滿為患的景點，打消他們短期旅行的想法。A.convincing說服；B.discouraging打消積極性；C.prevent