黃山市歙縣2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》全真模擬試題含解析

黃山市歙縣2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》全真模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therewasonceagroupofyoungpeoplesearchingeverywhereforhappinessbutwhattheygotwasonlyannoyance,griefandmisery.Sothey1Socratesforadviceonwherehappiness2But3givinganyanswers,Socratesaskedthemtohelpwithbuildinga4first.Thegroupofguyshadto5thetask,layingasidetheirownbusinessofseekinghappiness.Ittookthemalongtimetocutdownatalltree,gougingout(挖空)thecenter.Throughpainstakingeffort,theymadeacanoeoutofthetree.Theylaunchedthecanoeintoariver,andthen6togetherinit,singingwith7.Socratesasked,“Mychildren,doyouhavehappinessnow?”Theyansweredinchorus:“We8behappier!”Socrates9,“That’sit!10youaretoobusypursuingsomethingtonoticeanythingbitter,happinesswilloccur.”FromthestoryIgottoknowthathappiness11hidesbehindeverytinythingthatyouareinvolvedin,andthatyoumayonlygetpleasurethrough12workandcreativity.Wemayhaveto13paininourdailylifeandintheprocessof14happiness.Sometimeswetendtolookforhappinessin15things,likeanewcar,clothes,etc.Truelongtermhappiness,however,comesfromwithinour16andspirit.Sowhynotturnsufferinginto17life,and18tearsintothelightinyourheart?Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeitthroughandfindtruehappiness.Somydearfriends,justrememberhappinessisastateofmindandamatterof19,andI20youallalifeofhappiness.1、A．pointedto B．referredto C．turnedto D．keptto2、A．lay B．belonged C．stood D．laid3、A．a(chǎn)partfrom B．insteadof C．otherthan D．forfearof4、A．house B．boat C．bridge D．school5、A．setabout B．setdown C．setout D．setup6、A．sat B．stood C．got D．rowed7、A．joy B．sorrow C．curiosity D．hope8、A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t9、A．declared B．thought C．a(chǎn)dded D．a(chǎn)ssumed10、A．Unless B．Whenever C．Until D．However11、A．never B．a(chǎn)lways C．ever D．seldom12、A．cautious B．endless C．hard D．effective13、A．experience B．a(chǎn)void C．enjoy D．deny14、A．searching B．seeking C．hoping D．improving15、A．spiritual B．nice C．new D．material16、A．body B．part C．soul D．head17、A．blaming B．praising C．ending D．cursing18、A．turn B．put C．divide D．draw19、A．time B．energy C．fact D．choice20、A．wish B．promise C．bring D．RequireSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1InstructorTipSheet#1Thankyouforyourinterestinsharingyourpassion,enthusiasmandloveoflifelongwithEdinaCommunityEducation!Welookforwardtopartneringwithyoutoenrichlivesandstrengthenourcommunity.Thisseriesofsheetisdesignedprovidesomeofthebeststrategiestohelpusdeliverourprogrammissionbetter.Wehopethattheyalsohelpyoulearnandgrowasalifelonglearnerandinstructor.Thissheetwilldiscusshowtowritegooditles.Pleasefeelfreetousethemforyourcoursedescriptions.TitleYourtitleiscritical.It’syourmainopportunitytoattractyourreader’sattentionandgenerateinterestinreadingfurther.GoodIdeasExamplesMakeitinteractiveEverythingYouAlwaysWantedtoAskYourDentistMakeitpersonalYouTubeandYourBusiness:WhatYouNeedtoKnowUsehumorYouGenesDoFitJustfortheHalibut（大比目魚）KeeptitlessimpleandpositiveSimpleWinterSoupsUsenumbersinthetitleTenWaystoTurnOutTerrificKidsEmphasizecuriosity,fun,discovery,uniqueideasNoBonesaboutIt:DiscoverTheSkeletoninYourCloset200、Whichofthefollowingtitlesusestitlesthehumorstrategy?A．It'sMagic! B．CleanupYourManCaveC．LiveBetteronLess D．What*sYourHomeLongingtoTellYou?1、Thistipsheetisintendedto.A．writebeltercoursedescriptions B．makeinstructors'lifecolorfulC．supportthecommunityprograms D．promoteeffectivelearninText2Thereareacoupleofwaystoforecastthedestructivepotentialofahurricanesothatpeopleinthewaycantakeadequateprecautions．Satelliteimagesofcloudpatternscanbeanalyzedtoestimatepeakwindspeeds，buttheestimatesareoftenwayoffthemark．Specializedaircraftcanflyintoastormtomeasurethewindsdirectly，buttheflightsarecostly．ResearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologycomeupwithathirdway：listeningtoastormunderwater．InapapertobepublishedinGeophysicalResearchLetters，NicholasC．Makrisandaformergraduatestudent，JoshuaD．Wilson，reportastrongconnectionbetweentheintensityofsoundrecordedbyanunderseamicrophoneinthemid﹣Atlanticandthewindpowerofahurricanethatpassedoverit．Theysaythatsuchmicrophones，knownashydrophones，couldbeasafeandrelativelyinexpensivemeansofestimatinghurricaneforce．Dr．MakrisandDrWilson，whoarenowwithAppliedPhysicalSciencesCorporation，workedoutthetheoryofunderwateracousticmonitoringofstormsina2005paper．"Tobeveryfrankwithyou，it'samysterywhatmakesstormsnoisyunderwater．"Dr．Makrissaid．Themostpopularideacurrentlyisthatithassomethingtodowithoscillatingarebubbles（氣泡振動(dòng)）．Theresearchersthenwentlookingforexperimentaldatatobacktheirtheory，andfounditfromahydrophoneplacedatadepthof2，500feetbytheNationalAtmosphericandOceanicAdministration．IthappenedthatHurricaneGertpassedovertheareainSeptember1999，andahurricane﹣hunterplanedirectlymeasuredthewindspeedatthesametime．Thehydrophonedatashowedsoundintensityrisingwhenthestorm'soutsidewind"wall"passedover，andagainwhentheinsidewall，themostdestructivepartofthestormneartheeye，passedover．"Wegotabeautifulconnection，"Dr．Makrissaid，"betweenthehydrophonedataandtheactualwindspeedsasmeasuredbytheaircraft．"Dr．Makrisisconductingadditionalexperiments，workingwiththeMexicanNavyoffthewestcoastofMexico．Theeventualgoal，hesaid，wouldbepermanenthydrophonesinknownhurricanezonesortemporaryonesthatcouldbeeasilylaidbyplaneorshipinthepathofacomingstorm．1、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat．A．Thescientistsdidn'tgainanysupportfromdifferentfields．B．Dr．MakrisandDr．Wilsonhavefiguredoutwhatmakesstormsnoisyunderwater．C．Thescientistshavefoundtherelationshipbetweenthechangesofsoundintensityandtheforceofthehurricane．D．Thereareseveralcreativewaysforpeopletoforecasttheforceofthecominghurricane．2、WhyisDr．MakrisnowmakingotherexperimentswiththehelpoftheMexicanNavyoffthewestcoastofMexico？A．Toplacepermanenthydrophonesinsomezones．B．Tocollectmoreimagesofcloudpatterns．C．Tobesecureincarryingouttheirexperiments．D．Togetmoreinformationfromthehurricane﹣hunterplanes．3、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage？A．WaystoStoptheDestructiveForceofaHurricaneB．ConnectionbetweentheIntensityofSoundandtheWindPowerofaHurricaneC．Hydrophones，SafebutExpensiveMeansofEstimatingHurricaneForceD．MeasuringaHurricanebySoundUnderwaterText3Forcenturies,medicalpioneershaverefinedavarietyofmethodsandmedicinestotreatsickness,injury,anddisability,enablingpeopletolivelongerandhealthierlives.“Asalamander(asmalllizard-likeanimal)cangrowbackitsleg.Whycan'tahumandothesame?”askedPeruvian-bornsurgeonDr.AnthonyAtalainarecentinterview.Thequestion,areferencetoworkaimingtogrownewlimbsforwoundedsoldiers,capturestheinventivespiritofregenerativemedicine.Thisinnovativefieldseekstoprovidepatientswithreplacementbodyparts.Thesepartsarenotmadeofsteel;theyaretherealthings---livingcells,tissue,andevenorgans.Regenerativemedicineisstillmostlyexperimental,withclinicalapplicationslimitedtoproceduressuchasgrowingsheetsofskinonburnsandwounds.Oneofitsmostsignificantadvancestookplacein499，whenaresearchgroupatNorthCarolina’sWakeForestInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineconductedasuccessfulorganreplacementwithalaboratory-grownbladder.Sincethen,theteam,ledbyDr.Atala,hascontinuedtogenerateavarietyofothertissuesandorgans—fromkidneystoears.Thefieldofregenerativemedicinebuildsonworkconductedintheearlytwentiethcenturywiththefirstsuccessfultransplantsofdonatedhumansofttissueandbone.However,donororgansarenotalwaysthebestoption.Firstofall,theyareinshortsupply,andmanypeoplediewhilewaitingforanavailableorgan;intheUnitedStatesalone,morethan100,000peoplearewaitingfororgantransplants.Secondly,apatient’sbodymayultimatelyrejectthetransplanteddonororgan.Anadvantageofregenerativemedicineisthatthetissuesaregrownfromapatient’sowncellsandwillnotberejectedbythebody’simmunesystem.Today,severallabsareworkingtocreatebioartificialbodyparts.ScientistsatColumbiaandYaleUniversitieshavegrownajawboneandalung.AttheUniversityofMinnesota,DorisTaylorhascreatedabeatingbioartificialratheart.Dr.Atala’smedicalteamhasreportedlong-termsuccesswithbioengineeredbladdersimplantedintoyoungpatientswithspinabifida(abirthdefectthatinvolvestheincompletedevelopmentofthespinalcord).AndattheUniversityofMichigan,H.DavidHumeshascreatedanartificialkidney.Sofar,thekidneyprocedurehasonlybeenusedsuccessfullywithsheep,butthereishopethatonedaysimilarkidneywillbeimplantableinahumanpatient.Thecontinuingresearchofscientistssuchasthesemayeventuallymakedonororgansunnecessaryand,asaresult,significantlyincreaseindividuals’chancesofsurvival.1、Inthelatestfieldofregenerativemedicine,whatarereplacementpartsmadeof?A．Donatedcells,tissuesandorgans. B．Rejectedcells,tissuesandorgans.C．Cells,tissuesandorgansofone’sown. D．Cells,tissuesandorgansmadeofsteel.2、Whathavescientistsexperimentedsuccessfullyonforabioartificialkidney?A．Patients B．RatsC．Sheep D．Soldiers3、Whyisgenerativemedicineconsideredinnovative?A．Itwillprovidepatientswithreplacementsofttissues.B．Itwillstrengthenthehumanbody’simmunesystem.C．Itwillshortenthetimepatientswaitingforadonatedorgan.D．Itwillmakepatientslivelongerwithbioartificialorgans.4、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsregenerativemedicine？A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Doubtful. D．Reserved.Text4Howmanygirlsinthisworldfallbehind?Theanswerishard—toomanytocount.Thisiswhythephrase“GoGetItGirl”poppedupinmyheadoneday.Thiswouldbemyproject.ThusbeginsthejourneyofmyColdAwardproject,thelargestandmostimportantstepofGirlScouts(女童子軍).“GoGetItGirl”isagirl’sself-empowerment(自我授權(quán))projectcenteredonawebsitecalled.Itfocusesonareasincludingeducation,health,andfinancialliteracy.Theeducationsectionincludesinformationonapplyingtocollegeand,maintaininggoodgrades.Thehealthsectioncontainsinformationonbasichealthandself-respect.Lastly,thefinancialliteracysectionhasalltheinformationagirlneedstomanagehermoneyproperly.Aspartofmyproject,Iwasabletoworkone-on-onewithgirlsinelementary,middle,andhighschool.Igaveaspeechatalocalhighschool’sCollegeNight.IspoketoHispanicgirlsandtheirparentsaboutapplyingtocollege.Inaddition,IworkedwithanorganizationcalledCoolGirls,Inc.CoolGirlsisanorganizationfocusedontheadvancementofgirlsinallaspectsoftheirdevelopment.Iworkedattheafterschoolprogram,CoolGirlsClub.ThegirlsIworkedwithwereprimarilyminorities,andCoolGirlstrulyhelpsthemtoriseaboveanycurrentdifficultiesintheirlives.Toprovideinspirationforthegirlswhovisit,Iinterviewedsuccessfulwomeninmycommunity,includingadoctorandbusinessowner.Theprojecthasbeenalotofwork,aridit’snotoveryet.Itwillneverbeover,hopefully,becauseIwillalwayslookforwaystohelpgirls.1、102．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“poppedup”inParagraphto)referto?A．tookroot.B．gainedpopularity.C．madeitsway.D．a(chǎn)ppearedallofasudden.2、104．Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinthefirstparagraph?A．Whythewriterstarted“GoGetItGirl’.B．Whymanygirlsfallbehind.C．HowGirlScoutsisfounded.D．WhatGirlScoutsrefersto.3、106．Whatcanhelpagirllearnhowtomakebothendsmeet?A．Education.B．CoolGirlsClub.C．Financialliteracy.D．CollegeNight.4、108．Whydidthewriterinterviewsuccessfulwomeninthecommunity?A．TofinishtheGoldAwardprojectassoonaspossible.B．Tooffergoodideastogirlsvisiting.C．Topromotethelocalcommunityconstruction.D．ToseekfinancialsupportfortheprojectPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AcomputerprogramhasbeatenahumanplayerattheancientChineseboardgameGo（圍棋）Itmarkedanimportantadvanceforthe1．(develop)ofartificialintelligenceTheprogram,2．(call)AlphaGo,hadtaughtitselfhowtowinItbeattheEuropeanplayerinallfivegamesofamatchinOctoberThedeveloperssay3．(it)learningabilitymaysomedayletcomputershelpsolverealworldproblemsThosecouldincludemakingmedicaldiagnosesand4．(explore)scientificresearchPreviouscomputershavebeatenhumansinothergamesButamongclassicgames,GohaslongbeenviewedasthemostchallenginggameforartificialintelligencetomasterTherefore,manypeoplefindit5．(accept)whenAlphaGowonthehumanplayerGoinvolvestwoplayerswhotaketurnsputtingmarkersonacheckerboard-likegrid(格子)Playersobtaintheopponent’spieces6．surroundingthemTherulesaresimple,7．playingitisnotIt’s8．(probable)themostcomplexgameevercreatedbyhumansMartinMueller,acomputingscienceprofessor,9．(work)onGoprogramsfor30yearsHeoncesaid,“Thenewprogramisreallyabigstepupfromeverythingelsethatwe’veseenIt’savery10．(amaze)pieceofwork”TwoyearsagostudentsstartedaradioclubandareinchargeofitthemselvesIt1．(broadcast)duringbreaktimeseverydayItplays2．thanmusic，andittellsabouttheweather，recentnews，specialmessagesandsoonDuringexamtimewetellstudentswhattheyshoulddo3．(prepare)fortheexamAttheendoftheschoolyears，many4．(graduate)usetheclubtogivemessagesWhenparentscome，itinformsthem5．someschooleventsTheliteraryclub6．(start)byourEnglishteacherMembersmeetonthelastFridayofeverymonthMembersselectandreadthepoemsthattheylove7．(loud)，andalsodiscussthem8．(one)timeIreadapoembymyself，everyonewassonicethatIstopped9．(worry)．Ioncereadacomposition10．thememberssaidwasoneofthebestSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Youwaitinalongqueueinthesupermarket,butwhenit’sfinallyyourturntopay,youcan’tfindenoughmoneyinyourpurse.1、Whileyouarebendingdowntolookforthem,thepeoplebehindyouaregettingangry.Thecashierispoundingherfingersimpatientlyonthecounter.2、Butthegoodnewsis:scientistshavethoughtofawaytomakequeuesshorterandpayingforthingseasier.Theyhaveinventedaneyescanner.Inthefuture,whenyoupayforfoodatthesupermarket,aneyescannerwilltakeapictureofyoureyesandacomputerwillidentifyyou.3、StudentsatVenerableBedeSchool,England,havealreadygotaneyescannerintheircafeteria.Afterthestudentschoosethefoodtheywant,thescannerlooksfortheirinformationandsendsalistofthefoodtotheirparents.4、Also,parentspayforthemealsattheendoftheweek,sothestudentsdon’thavetotakemoneytoschoolandwaitinlongqueuestopayfortheirlunch.Ifallshopshadeyescanners,shoppingwouldbeeasier.5、So,itseemsthatitwillbeawhilebeforemostofusgetoureyesscannedatthecashier.A．Sometimesshoppingcanbeunpleasant.B．Youtakeoutyourcreditcards,buttheyfallonthefloor.C．Ifstudentsaren’teatingahealthydiet,theirparentswillknow.D．Storesaretryingseveralnewwaystogetshopperstospendmore.E.Parentsareurgingthegovernmenttointroducebettersecuritysafeguards.F.However,eyescannersareveryexpensiveandmanyshopscan’taffordthem.G.Assoonasthemachinefindsyourinformation,itwillsendittoyourbankwhichpaysforyourfoodautomatically.It’sshoppingseason，whichmeanspullingthosecreditanddebitcards(借記卡)outofyourwallet，enteringyourdigitsonline—theholidaysprovideidentitythieveswithcountlessopportunitiestocheat．1、AstheEquifaxsecuritybreachexposedthepersonalinformation—includingbirthdates，creditcardnumbers，andSocialSecuritynumbers．1，ProtectyourSocialSecuritynumber．2、Ofitsninedigits，thefirstthreearetiedtowhereyoulived，thenexttwoareagroupnumberwithinthatgeographicallocation，andthelastfourareyourserialnumber．Sinceit’snotthathardforacriminaltofigureoutwhereyouwereborn，it’sreallyonlythoselastfourdigitsthatstandbetweenyouandalltheproblemsyou’retryingtoavoid．Soguardyournumberwithyourlife．2，Strengthenallyourlog-ininformation．Ifyourpasswordsandtheanswerstoyourreminderquestionsareeasyenoughforathieftoguess，thenyoursecureaccountsaren’tsecureatall.ThestealingofSocialSecuritynumbershasbecomesuchaconcernthatMedicarehasintroducednew