虛擬語(yǔ)氣復(fù)習(xí)

lesson3找出所有的條件狀語(yǔ)從句If引導(dǎo)的條件句a.if真實(shí)條件句表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用陳述語(yǔ)氣。b.if虛擬條件句

表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè),采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件句真實(shí)條件句主將從現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從：If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（did/were)主：would/should/could/might+do

與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反從：If+主語(yǔ)+haddone主：would/should/could/might+havedone

與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反從：did/were/weretodo/shoulddo;主：would/should/could/might+do

5minsasif/asthough/wish/ifonly/evenif/eventhough虛擬語(yǔ)氣的?？夹问剑?.

if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句3.(if省略)倒裝虛擬條件句4.含蓄條件句5.”建議/命令/要求“虛擬6.固定句式1.IfI________(see)itwithmyowneyes,iwouldn'thavebelievedit.2.ifMr.Dewey__________(be)present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.3.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI

_______(have)time,iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.4.IfI_______(be)you,Iwouldaskourteacherforadvice.5.Nothingwouldhavesavedhimevenifhe____________(tend)withoutdelay.

hadn'tseenhadbeenhadwerehadbeentended6.Iwishit

__________(rain)

tomorrow.7.Ifonlyproblems__________(come)oneatatime.8.HespeaksEnglishasifhe___________(study)inEnglandbefore.9.It___________(be)coolifIwonthiscontest.Idon'tthinkI'mgoodenough,though.10.Ifyou___________(ask)himyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.wouldrainwouldcomehadstudiedwouldbehadasked

2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句

if虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)1、If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、If+主語(yǔ)+wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3、If+主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were)主語(yǔ)+would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形即：If+一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（be動(dòng)詞一般用were)If+主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞即：If+過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)主語(yǔ)+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主語(yǔ)+would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句2.

錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句即：if虛擬條件句與主句的時(shí)間不一致。1).Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你當(dāng)時(shí)聽(tīng)了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份工作了。（從句說(shuō)明過(guò)去，主句說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在。）2).IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.如果我是你，我就去參加她的生日晚會(huì)了。（從句說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在，主句說(shuō)明過(guò)去。）3).Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.假若你不借錢給我，我不可能買下這幢新房，很可能現(xiàn)在還住在危房里。（從句說(shuō)明過(guò)去，主句說(shuō)明過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在。）1.IfI_________(be)you,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.2.Ifit__________(snow)lastnight,itwouldbeverycoldtoday.3.IfI_________(work)hard,Iwouldbelivingahappylifenow.4.Hadyou_________(study)harderlastterm,youcouldhavepassedtheexam.

werehadsnowedhadworkedstudied3.省略if的用法：在虛擬條件句中，如果條件句中有were,had（助動(dòng)詞）或should時(shí)，可使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但if必須省略。

1).HadIseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.=IfIhadseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.2).ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIshouldhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.3).WereInotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIwerenotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.(5)含蓄條件句，有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，用介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句．常用的介詞有with,without,butfor等。如：1.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?2.Wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.3.Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.=Ifyouhadamilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?=Ifwehadn’tgotyourhelp/Ifyouhadn’thelpedus,…=Ifithadn’tbeenfortherain,…(4)Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.（副詞）(5)Hetelephonedtotellmeofyourbirthday,or/otherwiseIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.（連詞）陳述語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣5.“建議/命令/要求”虛擬(1)V+賓語(yǔ)從句（should）+do建議：suggest,propose,advise命令:order,commend要求:ask,request,require,demand,desire(希求),prefer,主張:insist(堅(jiān)持要求),maintain,hold,urgee.g.Isuggestthatshe(should)stayathome.

(2)N+同位語(yǔ)從句(should)+doN+is+表語(yǔ)從句(should)+dosuggestion/requirement/desire/necessity/recommendation/wish/decision/proposal/demand/….e.g.Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforsighting.=thesuggestionisthatwe(should)gotoBeijing…=Isuggestthatwe(should)gotoBeijing.=ItissuggestedthatweshouldgotoBeijing.(3)Itis+adj.+主語(yǔ)從句(should)+doIt+is+suggested/desired/required+that…(should)+doe.g.Itissuggestedthatyou(should)finishthefirststep.

7.固定句式.Itis(high/about)time

(that)“是時(shí)候…...(做某事)”

注意:should不能省略．sbdidsbshoulddo是時(shí)候采取措施來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境了。Itis(high/about)timethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.你該走了。It’s(high/about)timethatyouwent/shouldgo.2.wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)（1）Iwouldratheryou

paid

menow.（2）Iwouldratheryou

hadgone,too.（3）Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou

came

tomorrow.3.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause

從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形如：Itisimportantthatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatwe

shouldstudy

hard.TomandPeteraretwins.Theylookasifthey1._________(be)thesameperson.Boththetwoboysaresmart,butTomishard-workingwhilePeterdoesn't.However,peoplebelieveifPeter2._______(work)ashardasTom,hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherinhisstudy.Athome,theirparentssuggestthatthey3.___________(finish)theirhomeworkbeforeplayingcomputergames.ButPeterinsiststhatit4.________(be)OKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhishomeworkintime.Theirmothergivesinintheend.Oneday,whendoinghishomework,Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake.Soheputhisexercisebookasideandusedanotherone.Whenpeterfoundthepreviousexercisebook,hestruckoutTom'snameandsighedhisnameonitscoverhappily,andhandeditin