作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書 橋梁篇

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前言

本作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書在編制過程中，認(rèn)真總結(jié)我公司馬路馬路建設(shè)的實踐經(jīng)驗，學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒了《鐵道部工法匯編》及其他先進(jìn)施工經(jīng)驗，以馬路客專質(zhì)量驗收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為依據(jù)，重點(diǎn)對施工過程中的工藝、方法、措施和質(zhì)量控制目標(biāo)作出了要求，反映了橋梁工程施工過程中的重要工藝環(huán)節(jié)，為各項目的橋梁施工提供指導(dǎo)和參考資料，是我公司橋梁施工的參考性文件。

橋梁篇作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書共分6部分，主要內(nèi)容包括：橋梁基礎(chǔ)、橋梁墩臺身及框構(gòu)、橋梁支座及原位澆筑橋梁、橋梁預(yù)制及架設(shè)、特別橋梁施工、橋梁附屬設(shè)施等。

在本作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書匯編實施過程中，希望各單位結(jié)合工程實踐，認(rèn)真總結(jié)經(jīng)驗，積累資料，如發(fā)現(xiàn)需要修改放補(bǔ)充之處，請及時將看法和有關(guān)資料反饋給我們，供今后修訂時參考。

本作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書主要起草人：陳永平、陳則章、陳紅兵、胡漢忠、高曉玲、劉鵬、趙駿、丁博、王坤、張磊、江飛、王義、陳玉英、范勇、張根華、劉軍科、徐文書、俞祖軍、劉小野、鄭宏偉、李耀華、楊永明、張旭東、唐達(dá)昆、施建、劉國雄、方明山、賽鐵兵、王鵬、汪婧。

由于時間緊，章節(jié)多，編制難免存在疏漏，敬請批評指正，以便修訂。

目錄

（一）橋梁基礎(chǔ)··········································································································1

人工挖孔樁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書··················································································1沖擊鉆灌注樁作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·····················································································8旋繞鉆灌注樁作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書····················································································18旋挖鉆灌注樁作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書····················································································28鉆孔樁常見事故的預(yù)防及處理··············································································37沉入樁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·······················································································43承臺施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書··························································································55鋼板樁圍堰施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·················································································60無支護(hù)基坑明挖施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···········································································67支撐法基坑明挖施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···········································································74大橋基礎(chǔ)底節(jié)鋼吊(套)箱制造作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書································································80大橋鋼吊(套)箱下水作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································91大橋基礎(chǔ)鋼套箱著床、下沉作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書································································100封底施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書························································································108（二）墩臺身框架····································································································115

實體墩臺作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書························································································115空心墩臺施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書··················································································120高墩翻模作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書························································································125橋墩滑模作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書························································································131框架涵現(xiàn)澆施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···············································································141框構(gòu)頂進(jìn)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書························································································145（三）橋梁支座及原位澆筑梁·····················································································152

簡支箱梁支座安裝作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································152移動模架制梁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································157連續(xù)梁懸灌施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···············································································169支架現(xiàn)澆箱梁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································181貝雷梁支架現(xiàn)澆箱梁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···································································189碗扣式腳手架現(xiàn)澆箱梁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書································································198（四）橋梁預(yù)制架設(shè)·································································································210

馬路預(yù)制梁場方案設(shè)計作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書······································································210預(yù)制混凝土簡支T梁（角鋼支架方案）作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書················································224箱梁預(yù)制施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書··················································································239跨座式PC梁預(yù)制作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·············································································277

馬路T梁架設(shè)施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································298馬路客運(yùn)專線箱梁架設(shè)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書······································································311馬路梁架設(shè)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·····················································································340城市輕軌PC梁架設(shè)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書··········································································344TJ165架橋機(jī)架設(shè)馬路T梁作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書································································362（五）特別橋梁·······································································································378

豎向轉(zhuǎn)體橋轉(zhuǎn)體系統(tǒng)施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···································································378斜腿剛構(gòu)橋斜腿豎向轉(zhuǎn)體作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···································································384斜拉橋索塔施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···············································································389斜拉橋拉索安裝作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···············································································398鋼箱系桿拱橋鋼箱梁制安作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···································································404提籃拱拱肋安裝指導(dǎo)書·····················································································408提籃拱橋吊桿安裝作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································415大跨度鋼筋混凝土拱橋拱肋施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書··························································421大跨度鋼桁梁便橋的拼架頂推作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·····························································426水平轉(zhuǎn)體橋旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書···································································434水平轉(zhuǎn)體橋轉(zhuǎn)體施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·········································································439勁性鋼骨架轉(zhuǎn)體施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·········································································443鋼管混凝土拱橋懸拼法作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書······································································450懸拼法施工連續(xù)梁節(jié)段預(yù)制與安裝作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·······················································455空間預(yù)應(yīng)力索橋錨碇及抗風(fēng)錨碇施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書····················································462自錨式懸索橋懸索安裝施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書································································470（六）橋梁附屬·······································································································475

防撞墻施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·····················································································475橋面附屬設(shè)施施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書············································································480防水層施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·····················································································485聲屏障施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書·····················································································490

222

（一）橋梁基礎(chǔ)

人工挖孔樁施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書

1適用范圍

適用無地下水或有有少量地下水的土層和風(fēng)化軟質(zhì)巖層的樁基施工作業(yè)。2作業(yè)準(zhǔn)備

2.1平整場地、清除雜物、夯打密實，修通棄土道路，接通水電，備好機(jī)、料具。

2.2做好孔口防排水設(shè)施。樁位處地面應(yīng)高出原地面50cm左右，場地四周開挖排水溝，防止地表水流入孔內(nèi)。。

2.3施測墩臺及孔位控制中線，做好護(hù)樁。護(hù)樁必需用砂漿或混凝土進(jìn)行加固保護(hù)，以備開挖過程中對樁位進(jìn)行檢驗。

2.4對挖孔場進(jìn)進(jìn)行圍護(hù)，防止土石等雜物滾入孔內(nèi)?？卓诟浇逊畔嗑卟牧弦圆辉黾涌妆趬毫橐?。

2.5人員、機(jī)械配備（勞動力組織采用內(nèi)部隊伍組織模式，施工人員要結(jié)合現(xiàn)場確定的施工方案、機(jī)械、人員組合、工期要求進(jìn)行合理配置）見表1、表2。

表1挖孔樁主要施工人員表

序號1