四川省瀘州市高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量診斷性考試英語試題

瀘州市高2018級第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量診斷性考試英語本試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩部分，其中試題卷由第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）組成，共10頁；答題卡共2頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名用毫米黑色簽字筆填寫清楚，同時用2B鉛筆將考號準(zhǔn)確填涂在“考號”欄目內(nèi)。2.選擇題使用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡對應(yīng)題目標(biāo)號的位置上，如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后再選涂其它答案；非選擇題用毫米黑色簽字筆書寫在答題卡的對應(yīng)框內(nèi)，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。3.考試結(jié)束后將答題卡收回。第I卷（選擇題，共100分）第一部份聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試題上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Goodfriends.B.Professorandstudent.C.Tourguideandtourist.2.WhatdidthewomandowithSamyesterday?A.Theydidsomerepairs.B.Theyhadlunchtogether.C.Theyrelaxedontheroof.3.Whatmaycausethealarmtogooffintheman’sopinion?A.Ananimal.B.Thealarmitself.C.Alargevehicle.4.Howmuchmoneydoesthemanhave?A.$10.B.$15.C.$20.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Oceanscenery.B.Globalpollution.C.Climatechange.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhyisthemangoingtoAustralia?A.Towork.B.Tostudy.C.Totravel.7.Whatdoesthemanknowaboutspidersfromthehandbooks?A.Theykilledmanytourists.B.Theyareoftenbittenbysnakes.C.Theyliketomaketheirwebseveryplace.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wherearethespeakersgoingfirst?A.Tothegirl’sschool.B.Totheirhome.C.Toashop.9.Whatdidtheteachergivethegirltoday?A.Alist.B.Somehomework.C.Somenotebooks.10.Whendoesthegirlneedtohavehermaterialsready?A.Latertoday.B.Earlytomorrow.C.Nextweek.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Outsideinthesnow.B.Insidethespeakers’home.C.Inasupermarket.12.Whatdoesthemanreallyneedtobuy?A.Someclothes.B.Acleaningtool.C.Somefood.13.Whathasthewomanpredicted?A.Thepowerwillbecutoff.B.Theschoolwillbeclosed.C.Thewoodwillbesoldout.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whomightthemanbe?A.Amediaexpert.B.Anestateagent.C.Achef.15.Howmanybathroomsarethereinthehouse?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthehouseowner?A.Theyhaveaqueensizedbed.B.They’reanxioustosellthehouse.C.They’removingtothecountryside.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhendidTim’smotherusuallygethome?A.Atabout2:00p.m.B.Atabout3:00p.m.C.Atabout4:00p.m.18.HowdidTimfeelwhenhewenthomeyesterdayafternoon?A.Anxious.B.Gentle.C.Serious.19.WhydidTim’sparentsgohomeearlyyesterdayafternoon?A.Toeatamealtogether.B.TogetTimoutoftrouble.C.TotellTimsomethingimportant.20.WhatwillhappentoTim’sfamilynextweek?A.Hisfamilywillmovetoanewhome.B.Therewillbeanewmemberinhisfamily.C.Hisbrotherwillehomefromanaccident.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWeletoSouthPoleIsitcold?Yes!Beverycarefuloutintheopenair!Thetemperatureisbetween21℃inthesummerand78℃inthewinter,andyoucanbeenumbwithcoldwithoutrealizing.There’sheavyfrostevenonthewarmestsummerdays,andifit’squietyoucanhearyourbreathfreeze.Soifyouleavethestation,dresswarmlyandcarrydryclothingandaportableradio.Isthereanythinggoodabouttheweather?Theairisverypure,anditdoesn’tsnowverymuch—onlyaboutfourmillimetresayear.There’sverylittlewindandtheskyisusuallyclear.It’spossiblythecalmestplaceonEarth.Isitsafe?BecausetheSouthPoleisahighaltitudesite,theglareofthesunlighthereisveryterrible.It’salsoreflectedbythesnow,soifyougooutside,remembertowearsunglassesandusesuncream.Ifyoudon’t,there’sasevereriskthatyou’lldamageyoureyesightorgetbadlysunburnt.What’sitliketolivehere?Lifeisquiteabnormal.Sunriseandsunseteonceeverysixmonths,andinthewinterthetotalabsenceofdaylightcanbetiresome,andforsome,depressing.We’retotallyisolatedexceptforradioandelectronicmunications,asnoaircraftcanflyhereforabouteightmonths.Usualequipmentdoesn’talwaysworkasitshoulddo.Ifyouuseanelectricdrill,thepowercordwillsnap.Photographyistrickytoo,asfilmisfragileandthecamerabatterydoesn’tworkinthecold.1.WhichwordbestdescribestheSouthPolemostofthetime？A.Cool. B.Freezing. C.Cloudy. D.Windy.2.WhatisitnotnecessarytotakealongtotheSouthPole?A.Raincoats. B.Sunglasses. C.Dryclothes. D.Electronicmunications.3.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tosendaninvitation. B.Tomakearesearch.C.Togivesomeadvice. D.TointroducetheSouthPole.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就在南極生活需要注意的事項提出了一些建議，建議主要針對南極的氣溫、天氣、安全和生活日常等方面而提出?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thetemperatureisbetween21℃inthesummerand78℃inthewinter,andyoucanbeenumbwithcoldwithoutrealizing.There’sheavyfrostevenonthewarmestsummerdays,andifit’squietyoucanhearyourbreathfreeze.(夏季氣溫為21℃，冬季為78℃，冷得沒有知覺。即使在最溫暖的夏天，也會有嚴(yán)重的霜凍，如果天氣很安靜，你會聽到呼吸凍結(jié)的聲音)”可知，大多數(shù)時候，“極寒（freezing）”最能描述南極。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Soifyouleavethestation,dresswarmlyandcarrydryclothingandaportableradio.(所以，如果你離開車站，穿暖和點，帶上干衣服和便攜式收音機(jī))”；第三段中“remembertowearsunglassesandusesuncream(記得戴墨鏡和使用防曬霜)”以及最后一段中“We’retotallyisolatedexceptforradioandelectronicmunications,asnoaircraftcanflyhereforabouteightmonths.(除了無線電和電子通訊，我們完全與世隔絕，因為沒有飛機(jī)可以在這里飛行八個月左右)”可知，太陽鏡、干衣服和電子通訊需要帶去南極，雨衣不需要帶到南極去。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要就在南極生活需要注意事項提出了一些建議，建議主要針對南極的氣溫、天氣、安全和生活日常等方面而提出?？赏浦?，這篇文章的主要目的是提出一些建議。故選C。BItendtogoslowlywhenIdriveinthemountainsofmyhome,becausetheforestsceneryisbeautifulnomatterwhattheseason.ThismorningIwasdrivingslowerthanusualbecauseanearlyMarchsnowhadturnedtheroadsslippery.Goingupamountainroad,atasharp,snowycurve,Isawabigbuckdeerstandinginthemiddleoftheroad.Icametoafullstopandforafewsecondswejuststaredateachother.Hiseyesseemedwiseandhestoodstillthere.Finally,henoddedhisheadatme.Inoddedinreturnandmotionedwithmyhandforhimtogoon.Hethenjumpedacrosstheroad,upthehill,andbackintothewoods.IdroveonsmilingatthemagicofthismomentandthankedthatIhadbeengoingslowlyenoughnottohitthisbeautifulcreature.Mostofusrushthroughthislifenotknowingwhatwearemissing.Werarelygettoenjoywhateachdaybringsus.Lifeismeanttobesavored.Daysaremeanttobelivedinloveandjoynotflownthroughatacrazyspeed.Thenexttimeyoufindyourselfgoingtoofast,slowdown.Takethetimetowatchthesunriseandfilltheworldwithlight.Takethetimetolookyourchildrenintheireyes,hugthem,andtellthemthatyoulovethem.Takethetimetoliveyourlifewithloveanddelightinallthemiracleseachdaybringsyou.Andyoumightevenendupnothittingadeeronyourwayhome.4.WhatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromParagraph1?A.Helivesabusylife. B.Heknowsthedeerwell.C.He’sparticularaboutnature. D.He’skindofgoodatobserving.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaftertheinteractionwiththedeer?A.Grateful. B.Proud. C.Confident. D.Puzzled.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“savored”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Controlledtotally. B.Enjoyedpletely. C.Spenttogether. D.Ledcrazily.7.Whatdoestheauthorcallonustodointhelastparagraph?A.Givechildrenmorelove. B.Paymoreattentiontothedeer.C.Getclosetonatureandliveahappierlife. D.Takethingsslowlyandappreciatelifemorefully.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者因為一次在林間與一頭鹿的相遇互動，而感悟到人們應(yīng)該充分享受每一天，日子應(yīng)該生活在愛和歡樂中，而不是以瘋狂的速度飛逝。建議人們慢慢來，更充分地欣賞生活。4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Goingupamountainroad,atasharp,snowycurve,Isawabigbuckdeerstandinginthemiddleoftheroad.Icametoafullstopandforafewsecondswejuststaredateachother.Hiseyesseemedwiseandhestoodstillthere.Finally,henoddedhisheadatme.Inoddedinreturnandmotionedwithmyhandforhimtogoon.Hethenjumpedacrosstheroad,upthehill,andbackintothewoods.(走在一條山路上，在一個積雪的急轉(zhuǎn)彎處，我看見一只大雄鹿站在路中間。我停了下來，有那么幾秒鐘，我們彼此凝視著對方。他的眼睛看上去很聰明，他一動不動地站在那里。最后，他朝我點了點頭。我回敬地點點頭，用手示意他繼續(xù)走。然后他跳過馬路，爬上小山，回到樹林里)”可推知，作者看到一只鹿，還觀察了它的眼睛以及它消失的路徑，推測作者善于觀察。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IdroveonsmilingatthemagicofthismomentandthankedthatIhadbeengoingslowlyenoughnottohitthisbeautifulcreature.(我繼續(xù)開車，為這神奇的一刻而微笑，感謝我開得這么慢，沒有撞到這個美麗的小家伙)”可知，在和鹿互動后，作者感到很感激。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Mostofusrushthroughthislifenotknowingwhatwearemissing.Werarelygettoenjoywhateachdaybringsus.(我們大多數(shù)人都匆匆忙忙地過著一生，卻不知道自己失去了什么。我們很少享受每一天帶給我們的東西)”以及后文“Daysaremeanttobelivedinloveandjoynotflownthroughatacrazyspeed.(日子應(yīng)該生活在愛和歡樂中，而不是以瘋狂的速度飛逝)”可知，作者認(rèn)為日子應(yīng)該在愛和歡樂中度過，充分享受，而不是匆忙過去。故畫線詞意思為“充分享受”。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenexttimeyoufindyourselfgoingtoofast,slowdown.Takethetimetowatchthesunriseandfilltheworldwithlight.Takethetimetolookyourchildrenintheireyes,hugthem,andtellthemthatyoulovethem.Takethetimetoliveyourlifewithloveanddelightinallthemiracleseachdaybringsyou.Andyoumightevenendupnothittingadeeronyourwayhome.(下次你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己開得太快時，放慢速度?；c時間看日出，讓世界充滿光明?；c時間看著孩子的眼睛，擁抱他們，告訴他們你愛他們。花點時間去愛你的生活，為每天給你帶來的奇跡感到高興。你甚至可能不會在回家的路上撞到一只鹿)”可推知，作者在最后一段建議我們慢慢來，更充分地欣賞生活。故選D。CReadingandwritingpoetryisaverypersonalexperience.Poetsuselanguageasawayofexpressingtheirfeelings.Poemscandescribethebeautyofnature,aperson,adreamoramemorableevent.Mostpeoplehavetriedwritingpoetryatsometime.Forchildren,itisagoodwaytoexplorelanguageandhavefunwithwordsaswellastoexpressthemselves.Butteachersandpsychologistshavefoundanotheruseforpoetryasaformoftherapy(療法)tohelppeoplewithproblems.Writingpoetrycanhelppeopledealwithchangesintheirlives,deathorfeelingsofsadness,drugoralcoholproblemsorseriousillness.Bywritingdownyourfeelings,youcanlearntounderstandyourselfbetterandgiveyourselfavoiceifyoufeelyouarebeingignored.Poemmightbeawayoftellingsomeonesomethingwhenyoudonotfeelabletotalkaboutitfacetoface.Andjustbecausepeopleareillorhavingdifficultiesintheirlives,itdoesn’tmeantheyhavelosttheirsenseofhumor.Poemswrittenastherapycanbefunnytoo,aslaughterisalsoconsideredtobeverygoodmedicine.StudentsataspecialschoolinDudley,inEngland,readandwritepoemseveryday.Someofthepoemstheywriteareverygood,buttheirreasonforwritingisnotjusttobecreative.Allofthemhaveproblems.Someofthemhavelongtermmedicalconditions,suchascancer,whileothershavepersonalitydisordersorpsychologicalproblems.Bywritingpoemsstudentsaregrowinginselfconfidence.Thepoemsprovideachannelthroughwhichtheycanmunicatewiththeworld,andexpresstheirfeelings.Theyalsohelpthemtorecognizeandexploretheirproblemsandtodevelopapositiveattitudetolife.Butthepoemsarehelpingotherpeople,too.Theschoolhascollectedsomeofthestudents’poemsandpublishedtheminabookwhichisbeingsoldtoraisefundsforalocalhospital.Thebookhasprovedverypopular,givingstudentsasenseofmotivationandachievement.8.Howcanpoetryworkastherapy?A.Bysolvingphysicalproblems. B.Bystayingawayfromhumor.C.Bymunicatingfacetoface. D.Bypromotingexpression.9.WhatmakesthestudentsoftheschoolinDudleyspecial?A.Theysuffermanyproblems. B.Theyknowmanypoems.C.Theyareveryconfident. D.Theyareverypositive.10.Whatdoesthepublishedbookmeantothestudents?A.They’llgetwealthy. B.They’llgetinspired.C.They’llbeepopularpsychologists. D.They’llbeeprofessionalpoets.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thecreationofpoetry. B.Thepowerofpoetry.C.Thedevelopmentofpoetry. D.Theappreciationofpoetry.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【解析】本文為夾敘夾議文。讀詩歌和寫詩歌是一種非常個人的體驗。詩人們用語言來表達(dá)他們的各種各樣的情感，無論積極的還是消極的情感。詩歌的另一個用途是可作為一種治療手段方式來幫助人們?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Poetsuselanguageasawayofexpressingtheirfeelings.（詩人用語言來表達(dá)他們的感情。）”和第二段“Writingpoetrycanhelppeopledealwithchangesintheirlives,deathorfeelingsofsadness,drugoralcoholproblemsorseriousillness.Bywritingdownyourfeelings,youcanlearntounderstandyourselfbetterandgiveyourselfavoiceifyoufeelyouarebeingignored.（寫詩可以幫助人們應(yīng)對生活中的變化、死亡或悲傷情緒、毒品或酒精問題或嚴(yán)重疾病。通過寫下你的感受，你可以學(xué)會更好地了解自己，當(dāng)你感覺自己被忽視時，給自己一個聲音。）可知，詩歌通過促進(jìn)表達(dá)，來作為一種幫助有問題的人的治療方法。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“.Someofthemhavelongtermmedicalconditions,suchascancer,whileothershavepersonalitydisordersorpsychologicalproblems.（他們中的一些人患有癌癥等長期疾病，而另一些人則有人格障礙或心理問題。）可知，Dudley學(xué)校的學(xué)生特別之處在于，他們有很多問題。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thebookhasprovedverypopular,givingstudentsasenseofmotivationandachievement.（事實證明，這本書很受歡迎，給了學(xué)生一種動力和成就感。）”可知，這本書的出版對學(xué)生們來說，他們會得到更多的啟發(fā)。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)第一段“Readingandwritingpoetryisaverypersonalexperience.Poetsuselanguageasawayofexpressingtheirfeelings.（讀詩和寫詩是一種非常個人化的體驗。詩人用語言來表達(dá)他們的感情。）可知，文章主要講述讀詩歌和寫詩歌是一種非常個人的體驗。詩人們用語言來表達(dá)他們的各種各樣的情感，無論積極的還是消極的情感。詩歌的另一個用途是可作為一種治療手段方式來幫助人們。由此可知，本文主要講述詩歌的力量。故選B。DWhenBenjaminCherkaskywasineighthgrade,hequittheswimteam.Itwasn’tbecausehelackedthepassion;hejustcouldn’tacceptfailuresinmatches.AUStherapistwhoresearchesperfectionismatNorthwestern“Myperfectionismcontributedtoveryhighexpectations,andthatcausedrealsuffering,”hesaid.Cherkaskyisnotaloneinfeelingthatperfectionismcancauseanxiety.Somanymillennialssufferfromtheillsofperfectionismthatpsychologistsareissuingwarningsandschoolsarepointinguptheneedtoacceptfailure.Northwesternhadheldseverallecturesthatofferedtipsonhowstudentscoulddealwithaperfectionismproblem.JessicaRohlfingPryor,apsychologistleadingtheevents,saideverygenerationisaspongeforthemessagesitreceives.“Millennials,morethananyothergenerationinAmericansociety,arereceivingclearmessagesaroundachieving,”shesaid.“There’sanabsenceofmessagingthattryingyourhardestisstillOK.”Researchersalsomentionedthatsocialmediaaddsparativepressure,alongwiththedrivetoearnmoneyandachievecareergoals.Perfectionistsoftencreateevenhighergoals,whichcanleadtoahigherriskoffailure.Incollege,Cherkaskyfoundhimselfsurroundedbysomanyintelligentpeoplethathefeltheshouldhavebeenachievingahigherlevelthanhewas.“Itmakesyoufeelkindofcrazy,”hesaid.Thistypeofthinkingcanleadpeopletoputtinginlesseffort,which,astheyfallbehind,cancreatemoreanxiety.“Itmakespeoplefeelkindofisolated.”Andthat,Cherkaskyadded,“cancausestudentstomoveawayfromtheirschool”.NorthwesternisnottheonlyschooleagertohelpstudentsBrown12.WhatwastherealfactorforCherkaskytoquittheswimteam?A.Littlepassion. B.Frequentmatches.C.Highexpectations. D.Changeablestandards.13.Whydoresearchersthinkmillennialssuffermorefromperfectionism?A.Theyownthesamesocialgoal. B.Theygoforsuccesswithlittleeffort.C.They’reforcedtoacceptfailure. D.They’retroubledbyachievingmore.14.Whatadvicecanbegoodforperfectionistsfromthetext?A.Avoidingsocialmedia. B.Loweringtheirriskoffailure.C.Doingtheirbestisgoodenough. D.Givingupschoolisacceptable.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BattlingPerfectionism B.ToleratingPerfectionismC.ExperiencingFailure D.EnjoyingAchievement【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今非常多的千禧一代遭受完美主義之苦，以至于心理學(xué)家發(fā)出了警告，學(xué)校也指出了接受失敗的必要性。文章分析了造成他們患完美主義的原因、完美主義導(dǎo)致的不良影響以及處理完美主義問題的建議?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Myperfectionismcontributedtoveryhighexpectations,andthatcausedrealsuffering(我的完美主義導(dǎo)致了很高的期望，這才導(dǎo)致了真正的痛苦)”可知，Cherkasky退出游泳隊的真正原因是過高的期望。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“‘Millennials,morethananyothergenerationinAmericansociety,arereceivingclearmessagesaroundachieving,’shesaid.(她說：‘千禧一代比美國社會的其他任何一代都更多地接收到關(guān)于成就的明確信息?！?”和倒數(shù)第三段“Thistypeofthinkingcanleadpeopletoputtinginlesseffort,which,astheyfallbehind,cancreatemoreanxiety.”（這種思維方式會導(dǎo)致人們付出更少的努力，而當(dāng)他們落后時，就會產(chǎn)生更多的焦慮。）可知，研究人員認(rèn)為千禧一代更容易患完美主義，因為他們?yōu)橄胍删透喽鵁?。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“‘Millennials,morethananyothergenerationinAmericansociety,arereceivingclearmessagesaroundachieving,’shesaid.‘There’sanabsenceofmessagingthattryingyourhardestisstillOK.’(她說：‘千禧一代比美國社會的其他任何一代都更多地接收到關(guān)于成就的明確信息。沒有傳達(dá)出這樣的信息：盡最大努力仍然可以?！?”可推知，千禧一代患完美主義的主要原因是渴望更多的成就，而沒有人告訴他們盡力而為就可以，所以“盡力而為就夠了”是給完美主義者的好建議。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Cherkaskyisnotaloneinfeelingthatperfectionismcancauseanxiety.Somanymillennialssufferfromtheillsofperfectionismthatpsychologistsareissuingwarningsandschoolsarepointinguptheneedtoacceptfailure.(Cherkasky并不是唯一一個感到完美主義會導(dǎo)致焦慮的人。如此多的千禧一代飽受完美主義之苦，以至于心理學(xué)家發(fā)出了警告，學(xué)校也指出了接受失敗的必要性)”結(jié)合文章還分析了造成千禧一代患完美主義的原因、完美主義導(dǎo)致的不良影響以及處理完美主義問題的建議?？芍?，A選項“與完美主義作斗爭”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A“gapyear”isaperiodoftimewhenastudenttakesabreakbeforegoingtouniversity,orbeforeapostgraduatecourse.___16___Thathelpsyoungpeoplewithusefullearningexperiences,newskillsandmakesthemmoreindependent.Employersanduniversitieswanttoseeevidenceofenterprise,maturityandmitment.Manychoosetodovoluntarywork.ThiscouldincludeteachinginthemountainsinNepal,aconservationprojectinMadagascar.___17___ThetopfivetraveldestinationswereTibet,Indonesia,Taiwan,EasternEuropeandCanada.___18___Someyoungpeoplelookforworkiftheyneedtoearnmoneyforacmodationandfood.Popularjobsincludebarwork,fruitpickingandbeingatourguide.JulieTaylorgraduatedfromHullUniversityandnowworksasamanagerinaninternationalpany.Shesays:“Duringmygapyear,IspentfourmonthsinKenyateachingEnglish,artandphysicaleducationtochildrenaged818.___19___IamveryhappythatIdidn’theadofftouniversitystraightafterschoolbecauseIlearnedalotaboutmyself.Iworkedbeforehandtopayforthetrip,showingIhadgoodselfmotivationandorganizationalskills,andIwasabletogetbyonverylittlemoney.Employersseethatclimbingtoanaltitudeof4,985mshowsstrengthanddetermination.A.Howdothestudentslikeit?B.Itisoftenspentintravelingorworking.C.Noteveryonecanputthatontheirresumes(簡歷)!D.IamveryproudthatIworkedandtravelledalotthere.E.Lotsofgapyearstudentsjustwanttoseemoreoftheworld.F.ThenItravelledthecountryandevenclimbedMountKenya.G.Moststudentsforagapyeartakeonaparttimejobtosaveupforthetrip.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.F20.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了間隔年和學(xué)生在間隔年的活動?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句“A“gapyear”isaperiodoftimewhenastudenttakesabreakbeforegoingtouniversity,orbeforeapostgraduatecourse.(“間隔年”是指學(xué)生在上大學(xué)或研究生課程之前的一段時間。)”可知，這里介紹“間隔年”的定義和用途。所以選擇項B“Itisoftenspentintravelingorworking.(通常用于旅游或工作。)”符合上下文語境。選擇項中“It”代指前句中的“gapyear”。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后句“ThetopfivetraveldestinationswereTibet,Indonesia,Taiwan,EasternEuropeandCanada.(排名前五的旅游目的地分別是西藏、印度尼西亞、臺灣、東歐和加拿大。)”可知，很多學(xué)生利用間隔年來旅游，多看看世界。所以選擇項E“Lotsofgapyearstudentsjustwanttoseemoreoftheworld.(很多間隔年的學(xué)生只是想多看看世界。)”符合上下文語境。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Someyoungpeoplelookforworkiftheyneedtoearnmoneyforacmodationandfood.(一些年輕人如果需要掙錢住宿和買食物，就去找工作。)”可知，這里介紹為“間隔年”旅行需要做的準(zhǔn)備。所以選擇項G“Moststudentsforagapyeartakeonaparttimejobtosaveupforthetrip.(大多數(shù)學(xué)生在間隔年做兼職工作，為旅行攢錢。)”符合上下文語境。選擇項中“job”和前句中的“work”相一致。故選G。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Shesays:“Duringmygapyear,IspentfourmonthsinKenyateachingEnglish,artandphysicaleducationtochildrenaged818.(她說：“在我的間隔年，我花了4個月在肯尼亞教818歲的孩子英語、藝術(shù)和體育。)”可知，這里介紹JulieTaylor在間隔年的經(jīng)歷。所以選擇項F“ThenItravelledthecountryandevenclimbedMountKenya.(然后我游歷了這個國家，甚至還爬上了肯尼亞山。)”符合上下文語境。選擇項中“Kenya”和前句中的“Kenya”相一致。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Iworkedbeforehandtopayforthetrip,showingIhadgoodselfmotivationandorganizationalskills,andIwasabletogetbyonverylittlemoney.Employersseethatclimbingtoanaltitudeof4,985mshowsstrengthanddetermination.(我提前工作來支付這次旅行的費用，這表明我有良好的自我激勵和組織能力，而且我能夠靠很少的錢生活。雇主們認(rèn)為爬到4985米的高度顯示了力量和決心。)”可知，這里介紹JulieTaylor在間隔年所體現(xiàn)的良好優(yōu)點。所以選擇項C“Noteveryonecanputthatontheirresumes(簡歷)!(不是每個人都能把這些寫進(jìn)簡歷的!)”符合上下文語境。選擇項中“that”代指前句中JulieTaylor的良好優(yōu)點。故選C。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AhomelessstudentjustgraduatedfromhishighschoolwithanexcellentscoreinTexasthismonth.ThestudentisDerrickNgo,18,whohadatroubledchildhood,growingupwithouta___21___andfindinghismotherinandoutofprisonthroughtheyears.Beforehis___22___,Ngohadbeento12differentschools.At15,hestartedto___23___byhimselfwiththelittlehelpofhismother,butitwasbarelyenoughthatheendedup___24___abouttwoyearslater.Ngo___25___hischildhoodtoVOAtheotherday.“Weoftendidn’thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn’thavethatmuchmoney.Wedidn’thaveastable___26___ofineandoneofmybiggeststrugglesin___27___wasthatlackofparentalguidance.”Determinedto___28___hisfuture,Ngoleftallhis___29___behind,andburiedhimselfintohisstudies,whicheventuallylandedhimasthe____30____studentofhisclassatEnergyInstituteHighSchool.“Ibetthat____31____Ididn’tuseschool,educationandtheresourcesthatwereInDecember,Ngolearnedthathehadbeen____34____byHarvard,wherehewillbeattendingthisfall.“Itwas,atfirst,a____35____…IjustgotintoHarvard.Myheartwas____36____.”hesaid.Hewasexcitedverymuch.Theyoungman____37____hissuccesstodisciplineandlaserlike(激光一樣的)____38____onfinalaims.“Withadreaminyourheart,youwillhavea____39____goalthatyou’reworkingtowards.Althoughit’snotrealyet,itis____40____thatisgoingtoberealoneday.”21.A.relative B.partner C.father D.servant22.A.birth B.growth C.prison D.success23.A.travel B.explore C.live D.beg24.A.aimless B.speechless C.hopeless D.homeless25.A.recalled B.contributed C.confirmed D.connected26.A.account B.source C.idea D.concept27.A.settingoff B.showingoff C.growingup D.risingup28.A.affect B.change C.experience D.predict29.A.savings B.energy C.mistakes D.misfortune30.A.independent B.reliable C.top D.average31.A.if B.whether C.because D.when32.A.visible B.available C.strange D.difficult33.A.trouble B.debt C.danger D.journey34.A.praised B.invited C.educated D.accepted35.A.joke B.lie C.shock D.sigh36.A.beating B.racing C.aching D.sinking37.A.owes B.mentions C.applies D.devotes38.A.effect B.focus C.speed D.power39.A.specific B.safe C.tiny D.secret40.A.anybody B.anything C.somebody D.something【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.A34.D35.C36.B37.A38.B39.A40.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。短文主要講了一個無家可歸的高中生以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，被哈佛大學(xué)錄取。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這名學(xué)生名叫DerrickNgo，今年18歲。他的童年很不幸，在沒有父親的環(huán)境下長大，多年來他的母親經(jīng)常出入監(jiān)獄。A.relative親戚；B.partner伙伴；C.father父親；D.servant仆人。根據(jù)后文的findinghismotherinandoutofprison可以推測父親不在身邊。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他成功之前，Ngo已經(jīng)去了12所不同的學(xué)校。A.birth出生；B.growth生長；C.prison監(jiān)獄；D.success成功。第一段說Ngo高中畢業(yè)取得優(yōu)異成績，所以是在成功之前。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：15歲時，他開始在幾乎沒有母親的幫助下獨自生活，但這還不足以讓他在大約兩年后無家可歸。A.travel旅行；B.explore探險；C.live居住、生活;D.beg乞求。根據(jù)后文說Ngo無家可歸，所以這里先是獨自生活了一段時間。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.aimless無目的的；B.speechless說不出話的；C.hopeless無希望的；D.homeless無家可歸的。由第一段Ahomelessstudent，可知，Ngo無家可歸。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：前幾天，Ngo在美國之音上回憶了他的童年。A.recalled回想起；B.contributed貢獻(xiàn)；C.confirmed確認(rèn)；D.connected連接。根據(jù)“hischildhood”可知是回想童年的事情。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有穩(wěn)定的收入來源，成長過程中最大的困難之一就是缺乏父母的指導(dǎo)。A.account賬戶；B.source來源；C.idea主意；D.concept概念。前文說whohadatroubledchildhood,growingupwithouta___1___andfindinghismotherinandoutofprisonthroughtheyears.Ngo從小沒有父親，母親還經(jīng)常進(jìn)監(jiān)獄，所以沒有穩(wěn)定的收入來源。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們沒有穩(wěn)定的收入來源，成長過程中最大的困難之一就是缺乏父母的指導(dǎo)。A.settingoff出發(fā)；B.showingoff炫耀；C.growingup長大；D.risingup上升。Ngo沒有父親陪伴，所以成長過程中缺少指導(dǎo)。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:為了改變自己的未來，他把所有的不幸拋在腦后，埋頭于學(xué)習(xí)之中。A.affect影響；B.change改變；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.predict預(yù)測。此處指的是Ngo想改變自己糟糕的現(xiàn)狀，也改變自己的未來。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.savings儲蓄；B.energy能量；C.mistakes錯誤；D.misfortune不幸。Ngo從小的生活很不幸，所以是把不幸拋在腦后。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最終他成為了能源學(xué)院高中的尖子生。A.independent獨立的；B.reliable可依賴的；C.top頂尖的、名列前茅的；D.average平均的。前文說到“Ahomelessstudentjustgraduatedfromhishighschoolwithanexcellentscore”，可知Ngo在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)很好，是尖子生。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢打賭，如果我不利用學(xué)校、教育和現(xiàn)有的資源，我就無法擺脫我所處的困境。A.if如果；B.whether是否；C.because因為；D.when當(dāng)。此處表示假設(shè)，所以是如果。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢打賭，如果我不利用學(xué)校、教育和現(xiàn)有的資源，我就無法擺脫我所處的困境。A.visible可視的；B.available可獲得的；C.strange奇怪的；D.difficult困難的。學(xué)校的教育資源對Ngo來說是可獲得的。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢打賭，如果我不利用學(xué)校、教育和現(xiàn)有的資源，我就無法擺脫我所處的困境。A.trouble困難、麻煩；B.debt債務(wù)；C.danger危險；D.journey旅行。此處指Ngo擺脫自己糟糕的處境。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在12月份，Ngo得知他已經(jīng)被哈佛錄取了。A.praised夸贊；B.invited邀請；C.educated教育；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)byHarvard可知是被學(xué)校錄取，beacceptedby表示被錄取。故選D項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，這是很讓人震驚的消息。A.joke笑話；B.lie謊言；C.shock震驚；D.sigh嘆氣。Ngo被哈佛錄取，自己感覺很震驚，不敢相信。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心跳加速。A.beating擊打；B.racing全速前進(jìn)（引申為心跳加速）；C.aching痛；D.sinking沉。后文提到“Hewasexcitedverymuch”，可知Ngo心跳加速。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個年輕人把他的成功歸功于嚴(yán)于律己和對最終目標(biāo)的高度專注。A.owes歸功于；B.mentions提到；C.applies應(yīng)用；D.devotes貢獻(xiàn)。此處表示自己的嚴(yán)于律己和對最終目標(biāo)的高度專注導(dǎo)致了自己的成功，所以是歸功于。故選A項。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個年輕人把他的成功歸功于嚴(yán)于律己和對最終目標(biāo)的高度專注。A.effect影響；B.focus集中；C.speed速度；D.power力量。根據(jù)前文andburiedhimselfintohisstudies,Ngo集中于一個目標(biāo)，即埋頭努力學(xué)習(xí)，所以是集中。故選B項。【39題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：心中有夢想，你就會有一個明確的目標(biāo)，你會為之努力。A.specific具體的；B.safe安全的；C.tiny微小的；D.secret秘密的。前文說心中有夢想，所以此夢想即一個明確的目標(biāo)。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然它還不是事實，但總有一天它會成為現(xiàn)實的。A.anybody任何人；B.anything任何事；C.somebody某人；D.something某事。夢想一開始不是事實，但是后來實現(xiàn)夢想，夢想就成為現(xiàn)實了，所以這里指代夢想成為了某事，即夢想實現(xiàn)。故選D項。第II卷（非選擇題，共50分）注意：將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。It’searlyFebruary,thebeginning___41___anewsemesterhereatYale.I’vejustchosenmyelectivecoursesandmyschedulehasbeenset:Fiveclassesthistime.Itwasn’taneasydecision,but___42___(lucky),Imadeit.ElectivecoursesareimportantforAmericanstudents___43___acertainnumberofthemarerequiredforgraduation.EvenataplacelikeYale,wheremorethan2,000courses___44___(offer)eachsemester,