2023年惠州市惠東縣考研《英語一》考前沖刺試題含解析

2023年惠州市惠東縣考研《英語一》考前沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)IwasoutlatewatchingamoviewithafriendinGeorgetown．Bythetimethe1ended，itwas2a．m．Wewalkedtomycarwhichwas2acrossthestreet．Whenwearrived，Inoticedsomethingstrange-thedoorswere3．Itookaquick4ofthecarandwasrelievedtofindeverythingundamaged,5onething-mybriefcasewasgone.Afterafurthersearchwithmyfriend，I6thefactthatitwasgone,Iconsideredmyselfincredibly7thatnothingvaluablewastakenandnothingelseinthecarwas8．ThenextdayI9asurprisingvoieemailfromaman．Hesaidhehadwalkedhisdoginthemorningand10apileofpapersandbillswithmynamealloverthem．I11himbackimmediately．Hepromisedto12thematerialsbackorIcouldpickthemup．AtfirstIaskedhimtosendthem，butthenI13．WewereinthesamecityandplusIdidn’twanttoinconveniencehim．Normally，itprobablywouldn’tbe14togotoastranger'shouseto15somethingup，buthegavemean16soIfiguredIwasrelativelysafe．Imetthemanandthankedhimverymuch．Hesaidhewould17meifhefoundanythingelse.Wordscouldnotexpressmy18ofthisstranger’skindness.Ithoughttomyself-there’ssomuchgoodnessintheworldandtherearesomanypeoplewho19thatinnergoodnessthroughactskindness.Thoughitfeelsgoodtogivekindness,itfeelsniceto20otherswanttogivetoo.1、A．party B．movie C．meeting D．night2、A．driven B．stopped C．bought D．parked3、A．unlocked B．broken C．scratched D．changed4、A．charge B．a(chǎn)ttempt C．survey D．repair5、A．ratherthan B．a(chǎn)longwith C．a(chǎn)sfor D．exceptfor6、A．declared B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．doubted D．predicted7、A．a(chǎn)nxious B．confident C．fortunate D．satisfactory8、A．damaged B．a(chǎn)ttacked C．guarded D．emptied9、A．took B．got C．made D．met10、A．madeout B．wentthrough C．passeddown D．cameacross11、A．turned B．fought C．called D．wrote12、A．bring B．find C．hold D．mail13、A．reconsidered B．discussed C．criticized D．remembered14、A．honest B．proud C．smart D．true15、A．took B．pick C．send D．put16、A．example B．excuse C．order D．a(chǎn)ddress17、A．meet B．charge C．inform D．greet18、A．a(chǎn)ppreciation B．a(chǎn)pproval C．sympathy D．satisfaction19、A．search B．express C．drive D．remove20、A．force B．challenge C．help D．realizeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedplasticplates?Nexttime,whynottrysomeedibleones?You’llhelptheenvironmentandyourguestswon’tgohungry.“Iusedtoworkinschoolcateringandsawalotofmoneybeingthrownaway.Ithoughtthatwascriminal,soIdecidedtodosomethingaboutit,”saidItalianschoolchefTizianoVicentini.Now,Vicentinihasanamazingrangeofedibleplatesforschools.Theplatesaremadeoutofbreaddough,soyoucaneatthemafterwards.“Thesedishescostafewpennieseachandareeithereatenbythekids,orgointorecyclingbinsforanimalfood,”explainedVicentini,50,ofMilan.Butnowothercompaniesaredevelopingedibleplates,too.TheEdiblePlateCompanyoffersedibleplates,bowls,traysandcups.Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey’remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery(餐具）madefromcornandpotatostarch(淀粉).Theseplateswillalsohelpreducetheamountofplasticwecreate.Wastefromplasticcausesdamagetotheenvironment,costinggovernmentsmillionsinwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsites.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.Andmanyshopsareofferingbiodegradableplasticbagsandeco-safepackagingontheirproducts.Tohelpmatters,theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(theISO)hasalsodevelopedasystemtoevaluatethebiodegradabilityofproducts,withacertificationandlogoscheme.Meanwhile,howaboutaniceplateforlunch?1、Whichofthefollowingisnottheadvantageofedibleplates?A．Theyareexpensive. B．Theycandegradenaturally.C．Theyareenvironmentally-friendly. D．Theyaremadefromnaturalplant.2、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．TizianoisfromGermany.B．Edibleplatesareonlyusedforschoolcatering,C．Cornandpotatostarchcanbeusedtomakecutlery.D．TheEdiblePlateCompanydoesn’tproduceediblebowls.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto?A．Theairpollution.B．Theediblecutlery.C．Thetoxicgasescausedbytheburningofplastic.D．Thedamagetotheenvironmentcausedbyplasticwaste.4、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Themeasurestostopthepollution.B．Thewaystoreducetheplasticwaste.C．Howtomakeedibleplatesfromnaturalplants.D．Theplatesolutiontoeatingandenvironmentalproblem.Text2GorillaStudyRevealsNewConnectionHumansandgorillas(大猩猩)sharedevolutionfor23millionyears.Theirpathsseparatedonlysixmillionyearsago.Researchonhowgorillascommunicatecanhelpusunderstandhumanlanguagedevelopment.Understandinghowthebrainworkshelpsusseeaconnectionbetweenlanguagedevelopmentandnon-verbalsigns.Thesesignsormovementsincludethingslikethewaywemoveourhandsorbodiesorthedifferentexpressionsourfaceshaveindifferentsocialsituations.Anewstudyongorillasrevealedthatright-handedness-preferringtousetherighthandinsteadofthelefthandformostphysicalactivities-mayhaveaconnectionwithcommunication.Twocameraswereusedtofilmallofoneape’smovements.Oneofthefirstresultswasthatgorillasusetheirrighthandsmorewhentheyaredoingactionswiththeirheadsormouthsatthesametime.Thisshowsthatthereisaconnectionbetweenhowourbrainsworkandthereasonweuseonesideofourbodymorethantheother.Inaddition,wecanusetheresultsofthestudyandourknowledgeaboutbrainstohelpusunderstandmoreabouthowlanguagefirstdevelopedinhumans.DrForrester,whodidthestudy,saystheresultscanbeusefulinotherways,suchasunderstandinglanguagedevelopmentinchildren.Forexample,somechildrenhaveaseriousillnesscalled“autism”whichcanstopthemcommunicatingnormallywithpeople.Itmightbepossibletousethesamestudymethodtofindoutwhichchildrenhavethisillnesswhentheyareveryyoung.Doctorswillthenbeabletostarttreatmentearly.1、Whendidtheevolutionofgorillasandhumansseparate?A．Morethan5millionyearsago.B．7millionyearsago.C．23million.D．It’snotknown.2、Right-handednessinapesmayhaveaconnectionwith________.A．intelligenceB．communicationC．socialsuccessD．convenience3、Theresearchteamused________tohelptofindtheresult.A．videorecordingB．photographsC．voicerecordingD．zookeepers4、Theresultsofthestudymighthelp________.A．everyoneB．sickapesC．a(chǎn)dultswithmentalproblemsD．childrenwithanillnesText3Wellington:Huaweihasstartedarugby-themedmediacampaigninabidtowinoverNewZealand’spublicafterthecountry’ssecurityagencyblockedtheChinesetechnologygiant’sequipmentfrombeingusedinanationwideInternetnetwork.“5GwithoutHuaweiislikerugbywithoutNewZealand,”adsinNewZealand’stwolargestnewspapersreadalongsideaphotoofplayerscompetinginaball.Largepostersalsoappealtothecountry’sloveofthesport.InNovember,NewZealand’sGovernmentCommunicationsSecurityDepartment(GCSD)toldSparkitcouldn’tuseequipmentfromHuawei-theworldslargesttelecommunicationequipmentcompany—inthebuildingofits5Gnetworkbecauseanunspecific“significantnetworksecurityriskwasidentified”.Sparkisnowintheprocessofseeingifitcanmakechangestopreventthoserisks,althoughGCSDhasdeclinedtopubliclysayhowthatwouldhappen.Huawei’snewspaperadgoesontoarguethedecisionwouldmeanlessadvancedtechnologyandhigherpricesforNewZealandcustomers.TheadscomeafterthecompanylastmonthpubliclyofferedtoonlyuseNewZealand,ratherthanChinese,stafftobuildthenetwork—inabidtoeasefears—andcalledforanurgentmeetingwiththegovernment,denying(否認)therehadbeenanywrongdoing.WesternspyagencieshaveincreasinglyraisedsecurityconcernsaboutHuawei—China’slargesttelecommunicationscompany-overwhattheysayarepossiblelinkstotheChinesegovernment,withtheUnitedStatesreportedlypressingFiveEyesintelligencenetworkallies(同盟國)toavoidthecompany.AustraliaandCanadawerethefirstcountriestobanHuaweifromabuildingof5Gnetworks.Thecompanyhasrepeatedlydeniedaccusations.NewZealand’stoppoliticianshaverepeatedlydeniedtheGCSDdecisionwasinfluencedbyotherWesternpowersandsayit’sabouttheparticulartechnologybeingsuggested,notChina.TheyhavealsodeniedsuggestionsNewZealand’sdiplomatictieswithChinahavebeentenseoverthedecision,withtheofficialpromotionofamajorChina—NewZealandtourismprojectnowpostponed.1、WhydidHuaweimakethead?A．ToaskNewZealandersforadvice.B．TotellNewZealandershowpowerfulitis.C．TogetsupportfromthepublicinNewZealand.D．ToarguewiththegovernmentofNewZealand.2、WhatwillhappenifNewZealandersforceHuaweiout?A．TheywillbeblamedbyChinese.B．TheywillbetrickedbyAmericans.C．Theywillloseachanceofbeingstronger.D．Theywillmissadvancedtechnologyandpaymore.3、WhydoesGCSDrefusetostatetherisksclearly?A．Theyaresecret. B．Theyareimaginary.C．Theyaredifficulttodecide. D．Theyarebeyonddescription.4、WhichcountryplaysthekeyroleinthecampaignagainstHuawei?A．Australia. B．USA． C．NewZealand. D．Canada.Text4ZulemaMunozcollectsseaweedinasmallcoastaltown100milessouthofSantiago,Chile.Agoodweekmayseehercut1,100poundsofseaweedfromtherockswhereitgrows.Muftozisoneofthe30,000peopleforwhomChileanseaweedindustryprovidesalivelihood.ThroughoutLatinAmerica,thecultivation(種植)andcollectionofseaweedaregainingasupportbothasasourceoffoodandasameansofensuringfoodsecurityinaregionwhere34millionpeoplearefoodinsecureandpovertyaffects47percentoftheruralpopulation.CountriessuchasArgentina,Brazil,Colombia,Cuba,Ecuador,Mexico,Peru,andVenezuelahaveallexploredseaweedproductionforfood.Yetasdemandoutpacesproductionandwildstockshavedeclined，moreattentionisbeingpaidtosustainablecultivationandharvestingmethodsthatcankeeptheindustrysurviving.SeaweedhasalonghistoryinSouthAmericanstyleofcooking.ThenativecookingofChilemadefrequentuseofcochayuyo,themostabundantofthecountry750typesofseaweed.Today,cochayuyoiscommonlyfoundinplaceofmeatincharquican,atraditionaldishcookedslowlyinaclosedpan.Kelp,atypeoflargebrownseaweed,asthenewvegetableisaglobaltrendtoo,andforgoodreason.Nutritionally,seaweedispackedwithiodineandothernutrients,andappearsontrend-makingmenusinGoogle'sNewYorkcafeteria,thoughitusedtobethoughtdifficulttogetpeopletoeatit.While83percentofcultivatedseavegetablesareproducedforhumanconsumption,wearen’tjusteatingit.Seaweedisusedinfertilizersandanimalfeed,andseaweed-basedfoodadditivesarelikelyinmanyproductsinyourkitchenandbathroomrightnow.Carrageenan,madefromredseaweed,isineverythingfromshampooandtoothpastetoicecreamandsomehotdogs.Whileseaweedgrowsreadily—thereareconcernsthathumansaretakingtoomuchofthewildstuff.Itispossiblethatoverexploitationofnaturalseaweedresourcescouldleadtosignificantecological,economic,andsocialconsequencesatlocal,regional,andevenglobalscales.InLatinAmericancountrieslikeBrazilandPeru,wheretheseaweedindustryisbasedonharvestingwildseaweedratherthancultivated,theneedforenvironmentallyfriendlymodelsisurgent.1、Whatdoyouknowaboutseaweed?A．Itishardtogrow.B．Itisgoodtohealth.C．Ittastesdelicious.D．Itcostsagreatdeal.2、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Howpeoplecollectweed.B．Whatpeopledowithseaweed.C．Howpeoplecookwithseaweed.D．Wherepeopletradeseaweed.3、Whyisseaweedcultivatedaccordingtothepassage?A．Tomakethebestoftheseasandtoincreasetheexportofseaweed.B．Tohelpmorepeopleoutofpovertyandtoopenupitsnewmarkets.C．Tomeettheneedsofthemarketandtopreservethewildresources.D．Tocutthecostsofseaweedindustryandtobenefitruralpopulation.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Birthorder,whetheryouareanolder,middleoryoungerchildinyourfamily,affectscareerpathaswellaspersonality,anewresearchshows1．(reach)theirconclusions,researchersstudiedmanysuccessfulpeoplefromdifferentcareergroupsOneofthemostimportant2．(discover)isthatmiddlechildrenaremorelikelytobecomeCEOsthanotherchildrenAmongthem3．(be)MarkZuckerberg,CEOofFacebookThereasoncouldbethattheyaremore4．(competition)andflexibletofightforattentionfromtheparents,5．makesthemfitforhigh-flyingroles6．isclaimedthatconsiderationofothersandhighlevelsofmanagementarerequiredInterestingly,theyfoundthe7．(major)ofastronautsareeldestchildren,the8．(one)bornchildreninthefamilyWhileyoungestchildrenwerefoundtobemorelikelytohavecareersinclassicalmusic,becausetheyare9．(possible)moresensitiveandromanticAsforonlychildren,thestudysuggeststheyaremorelikelytobecomeartistsdue10．theirpersonalityofdoingthingsperfectlyandmaturelyReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwordsortheproperformsofthegivenwordsorphraseInlookingatadvertising,whatitboilsdowntointhemostsimpletermsisconveyingacentralideausing1．(create)soastogenerate(產(chǎn)生)anemotionalreactionandattractthewidestattentionTheideaisconnectedwithyourproductorserviceandisusuallyakeysellingpointThepurposeofyouradistodrawtheattentionofyouraudienceandleavethemwithapositive2．(impress)aboutyourofferingThemostbasicofadvertisingtechniquesissimplyshowcasingyourproduct,serviceorbrandnameitselfina(n)3．(attract)lightComparedtotherelativelydull“ordinary”world,seeingabrightand4．(shine)productorserviceadorlogomakesitseemveryappealingWithbrandpromotion,itgoeswithoutsayingthatyouneedtohavearecognizedbrandnametobegin5．Thesimpleactofshowingpeopleyourproductorserviceisoneofthemostcommonadvertisingtechniquesandthisiseffectiveinpaintingapictureforyouraudienceof6．theywoulduseyourproductorservicethemselvesBesides,advertisinginvolvesacreativestrategyandwhatIwanttoemphasize(強調(diào))isthatthisis7．makesthebestadsworkDon’tworry8．nothingcomestoyouanditisokay9．(take)inspirationfromothercreativeadideasyouseeifyoudonothavethebudgettohireatopadvertisingagencyJustthinkaboutitandexperiment10．(comeupwith)newwaysofgettingyourmessageacrossvisuallyandwiththerightwordsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)TheEnglishlanguagehasmanywaystotalkaboutsomethingthatisfunny.1、Itisabasichumanneed.Physicalhumour,especially,cancrosslimitslikenationalityandlanguageandbringpeopletogetherfromalldifferentwalksoflife.Humourcomesinmanyforms.Themostobviousandtraditionalwayweusehumourisinjokes.2、Thisiswhenapersonchangesawordorusesitinadifferentcontext(上下文)forcomiceffect.Anotherwaypeoplecanusehumouristhroughtellingafunnystory.Perhapssomethingbadhappenedtothepersonbuttheycanlaughaboutitnow.Peoplealsoinventfunnystoriesinordertomakepeoplelaugh.Theadvantageofthisisthatthecharactersaren’treal.3、Physicalcomedyusuallydividesopinions.Forsome,seeingsomeonefalldown,whetheritisplannedornot,isoneofthefunniestthingstheycansee.4、Sometypesofhumourcanalsobeharmfulifsomeoneisnotinthemoodforbeingmadefunof！People’ssensesofhumourvaryacrosstheworld,sowhatmaybefunnyinyourcountrymightbeincrediblyharmfulinanother!5、TheBritish,forinstance,arefamousfortheirhumourinEnglish.However,peoplelearningaforeignlanguagefacemuchdifficultywhenitcomestobeingfunnyinasecondlanguage.A．Humourisjustoneoftheways.B．Everyoneneedstolaughonceinawhile.C．Otherformsofhumourarewordplayandpuns(雙關(guān)語).D．Therefore,youdon’thavetofeelbadforlaughingatthem!E.Peopleofallagesandcultureshaveastrongsenseofhumour.F.Mostpeopleknowhowtousesomeformofhumourintheirnativelanguages.G.Forothers,findingphysicalhumourandnon-seriousaccidentsfunnyseemscruel.Theeffectofbullying(欺凌)canbeseriousandevenleadtotragedy.Unfortunately，itisstill