上海區(qū)高三英語二模匯編閱讀

寶山區(qū)高三英語二模(C)Withsomanyinvestmentsrequiredofustosucceed-time,resources,talents,responsibilities,evenfinancesforourretirement-it'seasytolosesightofthemostdifficultinvestmentofalltocommitto:ourselves.Gettingtothepointwhereyou'rereadytostartupgradingtoyou2.0isn'teasy.Butitdoesn'tmeandroppingtheballeverywhereelse.It'snotaboutomissions,butadmissions.Comecleanwithyourselftokick-startyourpersonalgrowth.Unstuckstartswith"u"Noonepurposelychoosestostoplearningandgrowingagain,itjustkindofhappensinalotofdailyresponsibilitiesandlife.Andifitwereeasytojustkickitintogear(擋位)again,youwouldhavealreadydoneit.Butthetruthisinescapable.Ifyouwanttogetoffthatplacetohigherground,it'suptoyouandonlyyou.Noonewilljusthandyouasteadystreamofopportunitiesforgrowth.You'vebeenworkinginyourlife,notonitActivityisoftenconfusedwithacceleration(忙碌).Iwasguiltyofthisforyearsinworkingplace-stayingalwaysbusybutnotadmittingIwasbored.IwaslostinactivityandnotsteppingbacktotaketimetoquestionwhatIwantedmylifetobe.OnceIbeganworkingonmylife-quittingcorporate,becominganentrepreneur,restructuringtomylife-Istartedgrowingonceagain.AndI'veneverbeenhappier.Thingsaren'thappeningtoyou,they'rehappeningforyouAvictimmentality(心態(tài))istheenemyofpersonalgrowth.Lamentingovereverythingthathasgonewronginyourlifeonlywastesenergyfromworkingtomakemorethingsgoright.Ifyouwanttokick-startgrowth,youmustviewsetbacksashavingapurpose,andthenputthemintheirplace.Thepastshouldn'trunordefineyou-onlyfuelyou.Theperfecttimetostartdoesn'texistIhadsomanythingsthathadtobejustrightbeforeIcouldmakemylong-plannedleapfromcorporate.I'dtellmyself,"I'dlovetogoforitrightnow,butpracticallyspeaking."Well,guesswhat?Practicalityispoison.It'stheconvenientexcusestoppingyoufromwhatyou'remeanttobecome.It'stimetounplugothers'opinionsGrowwhereyouwanttogrow.Learnwhatyouwanttolearn.Whereveryouareonthescaleofwhatyouwanttolearnnext-beitbeginnerornear-expertownit,beproudofit.Pretensesareforpretenders.You'rejusttryingtobecomeabetterversionofyourgenuineself.63.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage? A.Ifyouwanttosucceed,youhavetoinvestyourselffirst. B.Upgradingyourselfishard,butyoustillneedtocontinue. C.Givingupupgradingyourselfisjustlikedroppingtheball. D.It'sakindofresponsibilitytogoonlearningthoughit'shard.64.Thewordlamentinthelastbut4paragraphsmostprobablymeans______. A.toexpresssadnessandfeelingsorryaboutsomething B.torepeatwhathappenstoyouinthepastofyourlife C.toshowsomeregretfulfeelingorthoughtforyourpast D.torecognizesomethingthathasgonewronginthepast65.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat______. A.thebusieryouare,thehappierandbetteryouwillbe B.whathappenedshouldn'tpreventyou,butprotectyou C.whoeveryouare,justgrowwhereyouwanttogrow D.howwellyougrowisactuallydecidedbyyourself66.Howmanyaspectsdoesthewriterillustratehisideaonpersonalgrowth? A.3. B.7. C.5. D.6.參考答案：63－66BADC崇明區(qū)高三英語二模(C)Today’sartificialintelligencemaynotbethatclever,butitjustgotmuchquickerinunderstanding.Alearningprogramdesignedbythreeresearcherscannowrecognizeanddrawhandwrittencharactersafterseeingthemonlyafewtimes,justasahumancan.Andtheprogramcandoitsowellthatpeoplecan’ttellthedifference.Thefindings,publishedinthejournalScience,representamajorstepforwardindevelopingmorepowerfulcomputerprogramsthatlearninthewaysthathumansdo.Althoughcomputersareexcellentatstoringandprocessingdata,they’reless-than-stellarstudents.Youraverage3-year-oldscouldpickupbasicconceptsfasterthanthemostadvancedprogram.Inshort,“Youcangeneralize,”saidcoauthorJoshuaTenenbaum.Butthere’ssomethingelsehumanscandowithjustalittleexposure—theycanbreakanobjectdownintoitskeypartsanddreamupsomethingnew.“Toscientistslikemewhostudythemind,thegapbetweenmachine-learningandhuman-learningcapacitiesremainsvast,”Tenenbaumsaid.“Wewanttoclosethatgap,andthat’sourlong-termgoal.”Now,Tenenbaumandhiscolleagueshavemanagedtobuildadifferentkindofmachinelearningalgorithm(算法)—onethat,likehumans,canlearnasimpleconceptfromveryfewexamplesandcanevenapplyitinnewways.Theresearcherstestedthemodelonhumanhandwriting,whichcanvarysharplyfrompersontoperson,evenwheneachproducestheexactsamecharacter.ThescientistsbuiltanalgorithmwithanapproachcalledBayesianprogramlearning,orBPL,aprobability-basedprogram.Thisalgorithmisactuallyabletobuildconceptsasitgoes.Inasetofexperiments,thescientiststestedtheprogramusingmanyexamplesof1,623handwrittencharactersfrom50differentwritingsystemsfromaroundtheworld.Inaone-shotclassificationchallenge,peoplewerequitegoodatit,withanaverageerrorrateof4.5percent.ButBPL,slightlyedgedthemout,withacomparableerrorrateof3.3percent.Thescientistsalsochallengedtheprogramandsomehumanparticipantstodrawnewversionsofvariouscharacterstheypresented.Theythenhadhumanjudgesdeterminewhichonesweremadebymanandwhichweremadebymachine.Asitturnedout,thehumanswerebarelyasgoodaschanceatfiguringoutwhichsetofcharacterswasmachine-producedandwhichwascreatedbyhumans.Thefindingscouldbeusedtoimproveavarietyoftechnologiesinthenearterm,includingforothersymbol-basedsystemssuchasgestures,dancemovesandspokenandsignedlanguage.Buttheresearchcouldalsoshedfreshlightonhowlearninghappensinyounghumans,thescientistspointedout.63.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Anadvanceinartificialintelligence. B.Aspeciallearningprogramforstudents.C.Theapplicationofartificialintelligence. D.Anewapproachofdevelopingprograms.64.By“l(fā)ess-than-stellarstudents”inParagraph3,theauthormeans________.A.studentsarebetteratprocessingdata B.computersareincomparabletostudentsC.studentsarelesssmartthancomputers D.computersarelesscleverinsomeaspects65.IntheexperimentstestingBPL,whatdidthescientistsfindout?A.Humanswereslowatrecognizingcharacters.B.BPLwrotecharactersinaquitedifferentmanner.C.BPLcouldidentifyandwritecharactersashumans.D.Humanscouldcreatemorecharactersthancomputers.66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Computerslearninthesamewayashumans.B.Thefindingsmayhelpimprovehuman-learning.C.Machine-learningissuperiortohuman-learning.D.Younghumanscanunderstandalgorithmsquickly.參考答案：63.A 64.D 65.C 66.B奉賢區(qū)高三英語二模(C)ArareholehasopenedupintheozonelayerabovetheArctic,inwhatscientistssayistheresultofunusuallylowtemperaturesintheatmosphereabovethenorthpole.Thehole,whichhasbeentrackedfromspaceandthegroundoverthepastfewdays,hasreachedrecorddimensions,butisnotexpectedtoposeanydangertohumansunlessitmovesfurthersouth.Ifitextendsfurthersouthoverpopulatedareas,suchassouthernGreenland,peoplewouldbeatincreasedriskofsunburn.However,oncurrenttrendstheholeisexpectedtodisappearaltogetherinafewweeks.Lowtemperaturesinthenorthernpolarregionsledtoanunusualstablepolarvortex(極地漩渦),andthepresenceofozone-destroyingchemicalssuchaschlorine(氯)intheatmosphere–fromhumanactivities–causedtheholetoform.“Theholeisprincipallyageophysicalcuriosity,”saidVincent-HenriPeuch,directoroftheCopernicusAtmosphereMonitoringService.“Wemonitoredunusualdynamic(動(dòng)態(tài)的)conditions,whichdrivetheprocessofchemicaldepletionofozone.ThosedynamicsallowedforlowertemperaturesandamorestablevortexthanusualovertheArctic,whichthentriggeredtheformationofpolarstratospheric(平流層的)cloudsandthecatalytic(催化的)destructionofozone.”TheholeisnotrelatedtotheCovid-19shutdownsthathavedramaticallycutairpollutionandreducedgreenhousegasemissions.ItisalsotooearlytosaywhethertheunusuallystableArcticpolarvortexconditionsarelinkedwiththeclimatecrisis,orpartofnormalstratosphericweathervariability.Peuchsaidtherewerenodirectimplicationsfortheclimatecrisis.Temperaturesintheregionarealreadyincreasing,slowingthedepletionofozone,andtheholewillstarttorecoveraspolarairmixeswithozone-richairfromlowerlatitudes.Thelasttimesimilarconditionswereobservedwasinspring.WhileaholeovertheArcticisarareevent,themuchlargerholeintheozonelayerovertheAntarctichasbeenamajorcauseforconcernformorethanfourdecades.Theproductionofozone-depletingchemicalshasbeendramaticallyreduced,underthe1987MontrealProtocol(蒙特利爾合同),butsomesourcesappearstilltobefunctioning--in,unauthorizedemissionsweredetectedfromsomeareas.Newsourcesofozone-depletingchemicalswerenotafactorintheholeobservedintheArctic,saidPeuch.“However,thisisareminderthatoneshouldnottaketheMontrealProtocolmeasuresforgranted,andthatobservationsfromthegroundandfromsatellitesarecentraltoavoidasituationwheretheozone-destroyingchemicallevelinthestratospherecouldincreaseagain.”Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“depletion”?A.replacementB.consumptionC.increaseD.productionAccordingtothepassage,scientistsareconcernedabouttheholebecause______.A.itisexpectedtobeathreattothemankindB.thenewholeiscausedbyairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissionsC.itmayencouragefurtherscientificresearchandenvironmentalawarenessD.itwarnsusofanoncomingclimatecrisisWhatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.TheholeovertheArcticsharesthesamecausesastheoneovertheAntarctic.B.Humanactivitiesarehighlyresponsibleforproducingozone-destroyingchemicals.C.TheMontrealProtocolhassuccessfullypreventednewemissions.D.SomenewillegalemissionsaretoblamefortheholeovertheArctic.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably______.A.Record-sizeHoleOpensinOzoneLayerabovetheArcticB.ActionsUrgentlyNeededforaNewHoleinOzoneLayerC.EnvironmentalDisasterandInternationalCooperationD.HowaHoleinOzoneAffectsourLifeonEarth參考答案：63-66 BCBA虹口區(qū)高三英語二模petheeverydayandexploretheunfamiliar.Wanderlustisacommon,butnotuniversalexperience.Whatmakessomepeoplecatchthattravelbugwhileothersareapparentlyunaffected?Onetheoryistodowithourgenes.ScientificresearchhasidentifiedavariantoftheDRD4genethataffectssensitivitytodopamine（多巴胺）,theneuro-transmitteroftenreleasedinthebrainwhenwedosomethingweenjoy.Actually,it’snotthatthe7RversionoftheDRD4specificallycreatesathirstfortravel,butpeoplewiththe7Rvariantarelesssensitivetothatdeliciousdopaminehit.Sosimplethingsthatbringotherpeoplepleasure,likeajogintheparkoracheekychocolatetreat,mightnotcutitforthem,whichmakesthosewiththe7RtypeoftheDRD4genemorelikelytoberisktakerstogetincreaseddopaminelevels.That’swayDRD4-7Rhasbeencalledthewanderlustgene.Otherresearcheshavealsolinkedthesame7Rvarianttofarriskierbehaviours,suchasaddictionandoffensivebehaviour.Bycomparison,thestrongsuddendesiretogotravellingseemslikethebetterendoftheTheoryofEvolution.Butanothertheorylooksatthepsychologyoflivinginourinter-connectedhumansociety,oneinwhichweareconstantlyawareofwhatfriendsandsocialmediainfluencersaredoingandkeepcomparingourselvestothemintwodistinctways.Upwardssocialcomparisons,comparingourselvestothoseweseeasmoresuccessfulthanus.Anddownwardsocialcomparisons,comparingourselvestothoseweseeasworseoffthanus.Intheageofsocialmedia,it’sveryeasytocompareourselvesunfavourablywiththeidealizedversion.Howcanwecompetewithinfluencers,withtheirperfectlydarkbrownlegsonneatandcleanwhilesand,andtheironceinalifetimesunsetsoverMachuPicchu?Whetherthemotivationtoexploretheworldisgenetic,psychologicalorsomethingelse,therearefarmoreharmfulhobbiesthanthedesiretoexploretheworld.Venturingoutsideyourcomfortzone,tolearnaboutnewcultures,meetpeopleyoumightotherwiseneverhavehadthechancetomeet,andfinally,learnwhoyouareindifferentsituations.Soundslikealifewell-lived.AsthenovelistJackKerouacsaid,“Becauseintheend,youwon’trememberthetimeyouspentintheofficeormowingyourlawn.Climbthatgoddamnmountain.”63.Theunderlinedphrase“catchthattravelbug”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto__________.A.becrazyabouttravellingB.becuriousabouttravellingC.escapedailylifebytravellingD.experiencecommontravelling64.Whyarepeoplewiththe7RtypeoftheDRD4genemorelikelytohavewanderlust?A.Becausetheyaremorefascinatedbyrisksandunfamiliarthings.B.Becausethe7Rvariantcausethemtobelesssensitivedodopaminehit.C.Becausetheyhavecomparativelyhigherlevelofdopaminethanotherpeople.D.Becausethe7Rvariant,alsocalledwanderlustgene,helpscreateacravingfortravelling.65.Theauthorwillprobablyagreetothestatementthat__________A.awell-livedlifedoesn’tinvolveventuringoutsidecomfortablezoneB.the7RvariantisinevitablylinkedwithsomemoreriskybehaviorsuchasaddictionC.peopletendtoforgettheirdailyroutine,butadventuresreallyleavefootprintsintheirheartsD.whenpeoplecomparethemselveswithlesssuccessfulones,itmaygiverisetomixedfeelings66.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Wanderlustanditstwomaincategories.B.Alessharmfulhobbyandanalysisofitsdifferentcause.C.Thedistinctionsbetweengenevariantsandsocialcomparisons.D.Physicalandpsychologicalreasonsforthedesiretoexploretheworld.參考答案：63-66ABCD黃浦區(qū)高三英語二模(C)ScientistsinAntarcticahaverecorded,forthefirsttime,unusuallywarmwaterbeneathaglacier(冰川)thesizeofFloridathatisalreadymeltingandcontributingtoariseinsealevels.Theresearchers,workingontheThwaitesGlacier,recordedwatertemperaturesatthebaseoftheiceofmorethan2℃,abovethenormalfreezingpoint.Critically,themeasurementsweretakenattheglacier'sgroundingline,theareawhereittransformsfromrestingwhollyonbedrocktospreadingoutontheseaasiceshelves.Itisunclearhowfasttheglacierisgettingworse:Studieshaveforecastitstotalcollapseinacenturyorinafewdecades.Thepresenceofwarmwaterinthegroundinglinemaysupportestimatesatthefasterrange.ThatisworthyofattentionbecausetheThwaites,alongwiththePineIslandGlacierandseveralsmallerglaciers,actsasabrakeonpartofthemuchlargerWestAntarcticIceSheet,whichifmelted,wouldraisetheworld'soceansbymorethanameterovercenturies,anamountthatwouldputmanycoastalcitiesunderwater.“Warmwatersinthispartoftheworld,asremoteastheymayseem,shouldserveasawarningtoallofusaboutthepotentialterriblechangestotheplanetbroughtaboutbyclimatechange,"saidDavidHolland,directorofNewYorkUniversity'sEnvironmentalFluidDynamicsLaboratory.GlaciologistshavepreviouslyraisedalarmoverthepresenceofwarmwatermeltingtheThwaitesfrombelow.Thisisthefirsttime,though,thatwarmwatershavebeenmeasuredattheglacier'sgroundingline.Toobserveactivitybeneaththeglacier,Dr.Holland'steamdrilledahole-about30centimeterswideand600metersdeep-fromthesurfacetothebottomandthenplacedequipmentthatmeasureswatertemperatureandoceanturbulence,orthemixingoffreshwaterfromtheglacierandsaltyoceanwater.Collectingthedatatookabout96hoursinsubzeroweather.WarmwatersbeneaththeThwaitesareactivelymeltingit,theteamfound.WhilescientistsmaynotyetbeabletodefinitivelypredicthowsoonglaciersliketheThwaiteswillmelt,human-causedclimatechangeisakeyfactor.Thebiggestpredictorof"howmuchicewewillloseandhowquicklywewillloseit,"Dr.Hollandsaid,“ishumanaction."63.Whatdoeswarmwaterfoundintheglacier'sgroundinglineindicate?A.Sealevelsshouldberemeasured.B.Itmaytakeacenturyfortheglaciertomelt.C.Thegroundinglineisgettingshorter.D.Theglaciermightdisappearsooner64.TheThwaitesandotherglaciersareimportantbecause______.A.theyholdbackiceB.theyareextremelylargeC.theyarelocatedatbedrocksD.theyarecollapsing65.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheresearchersviewpoints?A.Wecanpredicthowmuchicecanbekept.B.Humanbeingsaretoblameforthelossofice.C.Glaciersserveamoreimportantpurposethanexpected.D.Moredataneedstobecollectedtosupporttheestimates.66.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theeffortsmadetoavoidthepresenceofwarmwater.B.Thealarmvoicedontheworseningsituationofglaciers.C.ThetoolsemployedtomeasurethetemperatureofAntarctica.D.Thepredictionbasedonascientificstudyofthegroundingline.參考答案：63-66:DABB金山區(qū)高三英語二模(C)Whatmakesuslovesomethingsandhateothers?Weknowthatsometimeseventhetiniestchangecanresultinahugedifferenceinhowweperceivesomething,soisthereanyrhymeorreasontoourtastesandpreferences?Herearethreefactorswhichplayarole.ConformingtoexpectationsInLondonafewyearsago,twotalentedrapperscalledSilibilN’Brainstooktothestagetoperformatamusicindustryshowforunsignedbands.Theywereaninstanthit.TheiroutrageousWestCoast-Americanstyle,brilliantraplyricsandcouldn’t-care-lessattitudehadthemusicindustry’stalentspottersfallingoverthemselvestosignthepair.Inashortspaceoftime,SilibilN’Brainshadadealwithatopmanagementcompany,acontractwithamajorrecordlabelandanadvanceof$70,000—andtheyhadn’tevenmadearecord.Beforelong,theywereontourwithEminemandoutpartyingwithMadonna.Theywerelivingthedream.Buttwoyearsagothesametworapperswerelaughedoffstagebythesametalentspottersforsingingthesamesongs.Sowhatwasthedifference?Amazingly,itwastheiraccent.Yousee,SilibilN’Brainsweren’t,infact,fromWestCoastU.S.A.atall.TheywerefromDundeeinScotland.DuringthefirstauditiontheyhadusedtheirScottishaccentswhenrappingandithadn’tgonedownwell.“Theyjustlaughedatus,”recalledBrains.“Wewereheartbroken.WewentbacktoScotlandwithourtailbetweenourlegs.”Thelessonforthemwasthattosucceed,youhavetoconformtoexpectationsandatthattimeeveryoneexpectedrapperstobeAmerican.ThebenefitofhindsightSomepeoplearesimplyaheadoftheirtime.It’scommonknowledgethatVincentvanGoghsoldonlyonepaintinginhislifetime—theother900orsowereunknownandunloveduntilafterhisdeath.Monet’spaintings,atleastinhisearlycareer,wasconsideredincompleteanduglybycriticsatthetime,whileVermeer,thepainterofGirlWithaPearlEarring,evenhadtousehismother-in-lawasaguarantorwhenheborrowedmoney—sounablewashetosellanyofhiswork!Nowthatpublictastehascaughtupwiththeseartists,moreorlessanythingtheytouchedhasanastronomicalpricetagattachedtoit.Perhapsthereasonisthatitjusttakesawhiletogetusedtosomething—afterall,notallbeautyisobviousatfirstsight.AreassuringpricetagInaworldwheretherangeofproductsonoffercanbecompletelybewildering,weoftenlooktopriceasanindicationofquality.Wemaythinkweprefertheexpensivewinetothecheapone,butwemaysimplybeinfluencedbythepricetag.Evenprofessionalscanmakethemistake.AresearcherfromtheUniversityofBordeauxinFrancetookanaveragebottleofredwineandpoureditintotwoemptybottles,onewithanexpensivelabelandtheotherwithacheapone.Thenheinvited57wine“experts”totastethewine.Fortyofthemrecommendedthewinefromtheexpensivebottle,describingitas“agreeable”,“complex”,“balanced”and“rounded,”whilethesamewinefromthecheapbottlewasdescribedas“weak”and“flat”,withonly12oftheexpertsrecommendingit.ThestudymadetheresearcherunpopularwiththeFrenchwinetasters,buthedidprovethatpricehasasignificantimpactontaste.63.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSilibilN’Brainsistrue?A.Talentspottersfellinlovewiththematfirstsight.B.TheyarefromtheWestCoastofAmerica.C.TheirsuccesswasattributedtobehavingandsoundinglikeAmericanrappers.D.TheywerefriendswithfamousstarslikeMadonnaevenbeforetheysucceeded.64.Theunderlinedphrase“withourtailbetweenourlegs”indicatesthat__________________.A.theirfirstauditionprovedafailureB.theyfeltproudoftheirperformanceC.theylearnedavaluablelessonD.beinghumblemightcontributetotheirfuturesuccess65.Wecaninferfromthesecondfactorthat__________________________.A.someartistsarebetterknownwhentheyarealivethanwhentheyaredeadB.publictasteusuallyfallsbehindfamousartistsC.beautyatfirstsightlastsmuchlongerD.Monet’spaintingsarepricelessbecauseoftheirincompleteness66.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Apricetagalwaysfailstoindicatethequalityofaproduct.B.Apricetagislesslikelytoconfusecustomersthanthepackaging.C.Lowpricewillmakethewineunpopularwithtasters.D.Apricetagwillcloudaperson’sjudgementofsomething.參考答案：63-66:CABD閔行區(qū)高三英語二模(C)Thedreamoftheflyingcarcouldcomedowntoearthsoonasseveralstart-upslikeChineseEHANGandUberaredevelopingso-called“passengerdrones(無人機(jī))”—self-flyingdronesbigenoughtoferryindividualcommutersaroundtown—whichcouldshrinkcommute(上下班來回)timesfromhourstominutes.Atfirstglance,human-carryingdronessoundnomorerealisticthanflyingcars.Untilrecentlyinventorshadneverbeenabletomarryautomobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.Yetafewcompanieshavekeptatit:Woburn,forexample,hassincebeendevelopingTransition,a“roadableaircraft”thatresemblesasmallairplanethatcanfolditswingsanddriveonroads.Apersonalflyingcarineverygaragehasprovedtobeatoughsell,however,asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.Passengerdrones,bycontrast,wouldoperateautonomouslyandleavethe“roadable”partbehindinfavoroflargerversionsofaircraftthatalreadyexist.Passengerdronedesignsfavor“distributedelectricpropulsion(推動(dòng)),”meaninginsteadofonelargerotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.Thissacrificesliftingpowerandflightperformanceinexchangeformechanicalsimplicityandlighterweight—factorsthatcouldmakethemcheapertooperate.Quieterelectricpowerwouldmakethenoisetolerabletocityresidents,althoughitremainstobeseenhowmuchweightsuchavehiclecouldlift,andforhowlong.Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcernandextendstoboththeaircraftandtheautomatedsystemsflyingthem.Advancedartificialintelligenceisneededtoflylargenumbersofautonomousaircraftwithoutcrashingthemintooneanotheror,say,thelocalnewschannel’straffichelicopter.CarryingpeoplefrompointsAtoBseemssimpleenough,buteventhebestAIstruggleswithsurprises:What,forexample,wouldadronedoifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable?asksSanjivSingh,aCarnegieMellonUniversityroboticsresearcher.Insteadofleapingtofullyautomatedpassengerdrones,hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargo(貨品)runs,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.Technicalchallengesaside,start-upspromotingthetechnologywillhavetofindawaytoconvincethepublictogivetheirdronesawhirl,somethingthatrequiresamuchbiggerleapoffaiththangettingintothebackseatofaself-drivingcar.Passengerdronemakersare“obviouslystillintheincubation(孵化)stagesoftechnologydevelopmentandimprovingthebasics,”saysMikeHirschberg,executivedirectoroftheAmericanHelicopterSocietyInternational.“But20or30yearsfromnowlifemaybealittlelikeTheJetsonswhereyoutakeadvantageofthethirddimensionandhavemuchmoremobility,especiallyinurbanclosequarterswheregroundtransportationisgridlocked.”Thepassengerdroneprogressmayfollowaslopingtakeoffratherthanverticalleap.CarnegieMellon’sSinghseesalongroadaheadfilledwithlotsoftesting,analysis,regulationandeffortstowinthepublic’strustbeforethetechnologybecomesaviabletransportationoption.“Thereisthedangerofsomeonemovingtoofastandthenhavingaproblemthatsetstheindustrybackforsometime,”hesays.63.Personalflyingcarshavefailedtogainpopularityamonghouseholdsmainlybecause____________.A.peopledon’thavethecouragetotakethecarstotheair.B.peopleareunwillingtotrainforapilot’slicense.C.peopleworrythattheymaynotbequalifiedtoflythecarssafely.D.itispracticallyimpossibletocombinecarsandaircrafttogether.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofpassengerdrones?A.Itcanliftmoreweight. B.Itislighterinweight.C.Itmakeslessnoise. D.Itissimplerinmechanicaldesign.65.WhatisHirschberg’sattitudetowardspassengerdrones?A.disapproving B.neutral C.skeptical D.cautiouslyoptimistic66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________________.A.artificialintelligencecaneasilytackletheproblemsoccurringinairtraffic.B.humanpilotsinautonomousaircraftwillendangerthesafetyofpassengers.C.thepassengerdroneindustrywillmakemajorbreakthroughsinthenearfuture.D.thepublic’sdistrustmayhinderthedevelopmentofpassengerdrones.參考答案：63.C 64.A 65.D66.D浦東新區(qū)高三英語二模(C)ChangingtheGameOnawarmSeptembereveninginLondon,TheArchclimbingwall,justsouthoftheRiverThames,ispacked.Scoresofpeoplewanderaroundonthe