(完整版)主謂一致用法總結

主謂一致用法總結主謂一致定義謂語受主語支配，和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這叫做主謂一致。例:Myfavoritefoodisnoodles.II.主謂一致的重要原則語法原則意義原則就近一致（一）語法一致顧名思義，即謂語在語法角度上與主語保持一致，不考慮主語的意義。以單數(shù)名詞或代詞，動詞不定式短語作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù);主語為復數(shù)時，謂語用復數(shù)。例如：注意：不定式及動名詞作主語時，謂語 動詞單數(shù)。E.g.2)由and或both……and連接的并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。例如：Bothyouandheareright.Mr.andMrs.BrownhaveasoncalledTom.但并列主語如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Thepoetandwriterhaswrittenlotsofbooks.Thepoetandthewriterhavecome.可通過名詞前定冠詞來判斷。3)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語之前如果分別由each,every修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如：Noweverymanandeverywomanhastherighttoreceiveeducation.4)主語后面跟有but,except,besides,with，togetherwith等介詞短語時，謂語動詞仍用與主語（即前面的詞語）保持一致。例如：Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtohaveapicnicinthepark.Thestudentswiththeteacheraregoingtohaveapicnicinthepark.Nobodybuttwoboyswaslateforclass.5)集合名詞作主語謂語動詞要用復數(shù)。如people,police,cattle,clothes等。集合名詞指可用來指稱一群對象的詞語，這些對象可以是人、動物、或是一群概念等事物。常見集合名詞：people,police,cattle,goods,clothes等。e.g.Thepolicearelookingforhim.有些集合名詞如class,team,group,family根據其表達意義不同，單復數(shù)用法也不同。當表示整體概念時，用單數(shù)；表示整體中的人員時，用復數(shù)。e.g.Ourfamilyisabigone.我有個大家庭。OurfamilywatchTVtogethereveryevening.我們家人每晚一起看電視。6)有兩部分構成的物體的名詞，如glasses,trousers,chopsticks,scissors等作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。例如：Yourtrousersaredirty.You’dbetterchangethem.但如果這類名詞前用了apairof,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式則取決于pair的單復數(shù)形式。例如：Mynewpairofsocksisveryexpensive.練習I(一)選擇最佳答案。1.E-mail,aswellastelephones,____veryimportantinourdailylife.A.is B.have C.are D.has2.Myshirt_____whiteandmytrousers_____blue. A.are;areB.are;is C.is;isD.is;are3.NobodybutJane_______thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown4.Theysaidtheeighteenthandlastlesson_______quiteeasy.A.isB.wasC.areD.were二)填空1.Thefamilyisaveryhappyone.(be)2.Thefootballteamarehavingabath.(be)3.Thepoliceweresearchingforthemurdererlastnight.(be)4.FewlibrariesareasmodernasBeijingLibrary.(be)5.Thepairofglasseswithametalframe

isbeautifulbutexpensive.(be)6.Bothriceandcottongrowhere.(grow)(二)意義一致謂語在語言意義上與主語保持一致，不考慮主語的單復數(shù)語法形式。(1)表時間、距離、價格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。例如：Tenyearsisalongtime.Twohundreddollarsistoomuchforhim.2)由all,most,more,some,any,none,therest及分數(shù)或百分數(shù)“+of+名詞”作主語時，謂語要以of后面的名詞而定。名詞是復數(shù)，謂語用復數(shù)：名詞是單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)。例如：Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished.Allofthepeoplearefriendlytome.Halfofthedoctorsherearewomen.Three–fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.3)以“定冠詞+形容詞”作主語如果指的是一類人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；如果指的是一個人或抽象概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.Thedeadisafamousperson.練習II1.Howtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.A.have B.has C.is D.are2.Mostofthehouses_______thisyear. A.hasbuilt B.havebuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.havebeenbuilt1.Howtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.A.have B.has C.is D.are2.Mostofthehouses_______thisyear.A.hasbuilt B.havebuiltC.hasbeenbuilt D.havebeenbuilt3._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are4.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth.Therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are/is B.are/are C.is/are D.is/is3._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are4.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth.Therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are/is B.are/are C.is/are D.is/is三)就近一致即謂語的單復數(shù)由距離其最近的句子成分來決定。通常遵循就近原則的詞或詞組有：or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso。例：EitheryouorIamright.Neithermysisternormybrotherslikethemovie.2)Therebe句型使用就近原則。Therearesevendwarfsandabeautifulladylivingintheforest.Therehasbeenayearandsevendayssinceheleft.(一)選出最佳答案Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother______d__totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven’tbeenback.A.havebeen B.havegoneC.hasbeen D.hasgone2.Neithermyfather__a______goingtoseethepatient.A.norIamB.norIareC.ormeareD.ormeis3.____d__Helen______JoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheycametoChina. A.Neither;nor B.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;andD.AandB4.___d____ofthemhashisownopinion.A.Both B.SomeC.EveryD.Each5.Nobodybuttwostudents____a__leftintheclassroom.A.isB.areC.hasD.have6.Three-fourthsofthehomework______today. A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.havebeenfinished7.Manypeoplesay10,000_______alotofmoney. A.dollaris B.dollarsareC.dollarsis D.dollarare8.Thepolice_______soon. A.iscoming B.arecomingC.hascome D.havecome6.Three-fourthsofthehomework_b_____today. A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.havebeenfinished7.Manypeoplesay10,000___c____alotofmoney. A.dollaris B.dollarsareC.dollarsis D.dollarare8.Thepolice_____b__soon. A.iscoming B.arecomingC.hascome D.havecome9.-WhenareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays? -Ihaven’tdecided.______thisSunday______nextSundayisOK. A.Both;and B.Either;or C.Neither;nor D.No