2021高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)I卷真題

2021高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)I卷真題（精校版）

全國(guó)1卷（乙卷）適用地區(qū)：河南、河北、山西、江西、

湖北、湖南、廣東、安徽、福建

難度系數(shù)：

閱讀四選一難度：★★★★

閱讀七選五：★★

完形填空難度：★★★

語(yǔ)法填空難度：★★★

寫作難度：★★

2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生

全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（全國(guó)卷D

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

TrainInformation

AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbe

inpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticket

information,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall1312

30.

WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensure

trainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeof

connectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbus

services.

Lostproperty（失物招領(lǐng)）

CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursfor

itemslostonQueenslandRailservices.

ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday

7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）atRomaStreet

station.

Publicholidays

Onpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetable

operates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.

AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,

specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.

ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDay

timetable.Beforetravelplease.auorcall

TransLinkon131230anytime.

Customersusingmobilitydevices

Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarpark

orentrancetothestationplatforms.

Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.

Guardiantrains（outbound）

DepartOriginDestinationArrive

6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm

7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm

11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am

21.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?

A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.

C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.

22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?

A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.Fortitude

Valley.

23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentralto

VarsityLakes?

A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.l1:02pm.

B

Returningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeel

likedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcome

familiarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattime

haschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooks

don'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactof

rereadingsorichandtransformative.

Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbond

withtheworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It's

true,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwith

reading,it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowand

whatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagive

andtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheir

ownweight.

TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,which

ItaketoreadingeveryspringisErnestHemningway'sA

MoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoir

of1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating（令人陶

醉的）anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyet

simplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,her

poetic1975ramble（隨筆）abouteverythingandnothing.

ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:Selected

Poems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.

WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreewere

giventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningI

attachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeed

wonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthe

highestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksare

theonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it's

youthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetter

understandyourfriends.

24.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?

A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.

B.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.

C.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.

D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.

25.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?

A.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.

B.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.

C.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.

D.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"currency"in

paragraph4referto?

A.Debt

B.Reward.

C.Allowance.

D.Facevalue.

27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.Helovespoetry.

B.He'saneditor.

C.He'sveryambitious.

D.Heteachesreading.

C

Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,

researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewer

injuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.

Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.Thelongesttrack

andfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometer

racewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthe

marathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker's

kneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandone

footremainincontact（接觸）withthegroundatalltimes.

It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchan

attractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,an

assistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemState

UniversityinSalem,Mass.

Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,she

says.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmoving

atapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800

calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceas

manyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthan

running,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormore

caloriesperhour.

However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuch

asrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoher

research,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimes

theirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonot

leavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbody

weightwitheachstep.

Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociated

withrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamong

racewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplace

considerablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewitha

historyofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousin

adoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryrace

walkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperienced

racertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessome

practice.

28.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?

A.Theymustrunlongdistances.

B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.

C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.

D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.

29.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?

A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.

B.It'slesschallengingphysically.

C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.

D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.

30WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetrying

racewalking?

A.Gettingexperts5opinions.

B.Havingamedicalcheckup.

C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.

D.Doingregularexercises.

31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudeto

racewalking?

A.Skeptical.B.Objective.

C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.

D

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeen

thesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefound

positiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,

forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecity

experiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshown

tobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplaceswere

decoratedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingthe

actualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperform

diverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthat

havesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey,re

shortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicals

ingroundwater."We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineer

plantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseevery

dayJexplainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemical

engineeringatMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow

(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.

Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightfor

three-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthof

theamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,

Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsor

eventoturntreeintoself-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthe

technologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-off

treatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.Theengineers

arealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wherethe

glowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricity

consumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremoved

fromthepowersource（電源）-suchasthedistancefroma

powerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotof

energyislostduringtransmission（傳輸）.

Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandtherefore

helpsaveenergy.

32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.

B.Abigfallincrimerates.

C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.

D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.

33.Whatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplant

leavesbyMITengineer?

A.Todetectplants5lackofwater

B.Tochangecompositionsofplants

C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.

D.Totestchemicalsinplants.

34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthe

future?

A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.

B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.

C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.

D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.

35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthe

text?

A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?

B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?

C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?

D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的

最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance

Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimes

itseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here'sa

handfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

?37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-

good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhoping

thateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeis

betterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youare

theonlyyouinthisworld.

?Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.We

areoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesand

ourfailures.38Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtime

again.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhave

donebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate（有同情

心）response?”Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmy

best.^^

?Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdownina

journal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbefore

weakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsand

achievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyou

gotoutofbedtoday.39

?Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyour

imperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowords

whyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.

Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapage

inyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.

Seehowawesomeyouare?

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.

ESetanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandI

havekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjusta

window.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they'll

wanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekids

apparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit's45awindow

haskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.

Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey51147anddiscover

thateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa

41.

Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe

50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe'retellingisdoing

52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53

metaphorical（比喻）meanings.Fmtellingthemtheycan't

openwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin

54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity（機(jī)

會(huì)）ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingthe

opportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,“Whatifitisn't

adoor?”Thatis,“Whatifitisn'ta57

opportunity?^^

Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatI

shouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59

repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutside

now.^^Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,bethey

realormetaphorical,theywon't60toopenthemandwalk

through.

41.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case

42.A.admitB.believeCmeanD.realize

43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually

44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth

45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly

46.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting

47.A.winoutB.giveupC.wakeupD.standout

48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact

49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers

50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.

consequences

51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt

52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral

53.AtraditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original

54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history

55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditiontoC.regardless

ofD.insteadof

56.A.getholdofB.stareatC.knockonD.makeuseof

57.ArealB.typicalC.similarD.limited

58.A.safetyruleB.comfortzoneC.bottomlineD.top

secret

59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept

60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend

第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)

單詞的正確形式。

Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraft

onthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe

(探測(cè)器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinese

moongoddess—61(touch)downlastweekintheSouth

Pole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62

(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocks

directradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadto

putasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63itcould

sendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideof

themoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientists

becauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山)，moreso65the

familiarnearside.Chineseresearchershopetousethe

instrumentsonboardChang,e-466(find)andstudyareasof

theSouthPole-Aitkenbasin."Thisreallyexcitesscientists,

CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,

"becauseit67(mean)wehavethechancetoobtain

informationabouthowthemoon68(construct).Dataabout

themoon'scomposition,suchashow69iceandother

treasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)

plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

更多熱點(diǎn)練習(xí)可以通過英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀，第一時(shí)間查看

國(guó)內(nèi)外熱點(diǎn)話題。

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分35分）

第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分）

假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修

改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中

最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修

改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出

該加