2022-2023學(xué)年河北省石家莊市博林中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年河北省石家莊市博林中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Theboywassocarelessthattheglassfellfromhishandandit______onthefloor.A.brokein

B.brokedown

C.brokeup

D.brokeout參考答案：C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)男孩這么不小心，玻璃杯從他手里掉在地板上，摔碎了。breakin闖入，打斷，插嘴;breakdown（汽車(chē)，機(jī)器）出故障，分解，失敗，精神崩潰;breakup打碎，（關(guān)系）破裂，結(jié)束;breakout爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生。2.It’squitewarmhere;we__________turntheheatingonyet.A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t參考答案：C略3.---Wheredoyouwanttotravelforsummer,CanadaorAmerica?---________There’resomanyniceplacesathome,youknow.A.Sowhat?

B.Whynot?

C.Howcome?

D.Whybother?參考答案：D【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】情景交際句意是：—你想去什么地方旅游呢？—何苦呢？在家鄉(xiāng)就有這么多好地方。根據(jù)句意選D，A，那又如何？B，為什么不呢？表示提出建議或允許。C,怎么會(huì)…（那樣）？4.So_________thateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.A.loudlyhespoke

B.hespokeloudly

C.loudlydidhespeak

D.loudlyspokedidhe參考答案：C

5.OnlyafterIfinishedmymeal_____toorderanotheroneforhim.A.Idecided

B.Ihaddecided

C.hadIdecided

D.didIdecide參考答案：D略6.

onhispastmistakes，Tedrealizedthathehadstayedaroundthewrongpeople。

A．Toreflect

B.Reflecting

C.Reflected

D.Beingreflected參考答案：B7.Accordingtotheprincipleoftheinvestigation,intervieweesshouldgiveatruthfulanswer______withtherealityoftheirworld.A.associated

B.authenticC.consistent

D.convincing參考答案：C【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意:根據(jù)調(diào)查的原則，受訪者應(yīng)如實(shí)回答與自己領(lǐng)域的現(xiàn)實(shí)相符的問(wèn)題。A.associated聯(lián)合的；

B.authentic真實(shí)的；C.consistent一致的；

D.convincing令人相信的。beconsistentwith“與..一致”。根據(jù)句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。8.Thiskindofcloth_______well.Ithinkitisworthy________.A.washes;buying

B.iswashed;buyingC.washes;tobebought

D.iswashed;tobebought參考答案：C9.Neithertheoldladynorhercats______outofthehousesinceherhusbandpassedawaylastmonth.A.wasstepping B.havestepped C.stepped D.hasstepped參考答案：B10.Mr．Greensatatthedooroftheroom,withhislegs__．A．crossed

B．crossingC．tocross

D．cross參考答案：A23.---Ken,whydoyoulooksotired?

---I_______myself______theclimatesinceIcamehere.A.hadn’tadapted;to

B.haven’tadapted;to

C.don’tadapt;from

D.didn’tadapt;from參考答案：B略12.Thereason

ZhangLindecidedtogoabroadafterhegraduatedfromuniversitywasthathe

withMary,anEnglishgirl,for4years.

A．why;had

beeninlove

B．that;wasinlove

C．why;hadfalleninlove

D．that;hadfalleninlove參考答案：A13.--Howlunghashebeeninhospital?

一Sincehe____hisleg

A、beastsB.hadbrokenC.brokeD.hasbroken參考答案：C略14._______today’seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful---bothinschoolandinlife.

A.As

B.Since

C.While

D.If參考答案：C15.Thiscoastalarea

anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.names

B.named

C.isnamed

D.wasnamed

參考答案：d略16.—Ken,______,butyourradioisgoingtooloud．

—Oh,I'msorry．I'llturnitdownrightnow．

A．Ihatetosayit

B．Itdoesn'thurttoask

C．I'mreallytiredofit

D．I'mcrazyaboutit

參考答案：A考查交際用語(yǔ)。由but后面的句子可以看出，這是在委婉的提出要求，所以用：Ihatetosayit我實(shí)在不想說(shuō)（但又不得不說(shuō)）二、完型填空17.Marmosetmonkeysexistonabranchoftheevolutionarytreethatisdistinctfromtheonethatledtomans.Buttheyconstantlyastonishresearcherswith____21____behaviorthatseemsprettyhighlyevolved.Theirsocialorganizationand____22____practicescouldhavebeenthemodelforthephrase“Ittakesavillage.”Adominantmaleandfemalebreed,andtheirbabiesarecarefullylookedafterbyextendedfamilymemberswhothenaren'tfreetobreedthemselves.Anewstudyfurther____23____themarmoset’sreputationforadmirablecommunityvalues.Researchersreportthatthesecaregiverssharetheirfoodmoregenerouslywithlittleones____24____thanwhenthey’resurroundedbythewatchfuleyesofothercommunitymembers.Incomplexsocietieswhereindividualsbandtogetherfor___25___protection,researchershavecomeupwithafewwidelyacceptedexplanationsforselflessbehavior.Butspecificacts,likesharingadeliciouscricket(蟋蟀)withabeggingbabymarmoset,seemtoneedmore___26___explanationOnepossibilityisthatanindividualpractices___27___asameansofenhancinghisstatusamongpeers.By___28___thatheissowellgiftedwithmaterialgoodsthathecangivesomeaway,thisdo-gooderenhanceshispowerwithinthegroup.That,inturn,may___29___prospectivemates.Theotherexplanationforcharitablebehavior___30___thatkindnessesextendedtoothersaresimplythefeesofgroupmembership,whichofferssomefuturepromiseofachancetomate.Failuretosharewouldresultinexclusionfromthegroupandalossof___31___partners.Scientistscallthisthe“paytostay”model.Importantly,forbothofthesemodelstowork,actsofkindnessmusthavea(n)___32___.Thatsuggestsyouwouldseemoresharingingroupsettings;awayfromjudgingeyes,acaregivermightbemorelikelytokeepfoodforhimselforherself.Andyet,in2,581testsconductedwith31adultand14babymarmosets,the___33___appearedtobetrueAnthropologists(人類學(xué)家)fromtheUniversityofZurichcarefullydocumentedhowoften,ingroupsandinconditionsthatfoundcaregiverandbabyseparatedfromthecrowd,anadultwouldsharehisorhercricket.Whenalonewithababybeggingforataste,adultmarmosetssharedtheircricket85%ofthetime.Wheninagroup,caregiversoffereduptheircricket67%ofthetime.”O(jiān)urresultsshowthathelpingincommonmarmosetsisnotdrivenbyreputationmanagementor___34___avoidance,“thestudyauthorsreportedRather,itisdrivenbyadeep-downmotivationtohelpthatismore___35___expressedwhenindividualsarealonewithyoung.”21.A.animal

B.careful

C.social

D.individual22.A.evolving

B.communicating

C.organizing

D.parenting23.A.shines

B.damages

C.affects

D.protests24.A.atplay

B.inprivate

C.onschedule

D.byaccident25.A.adequate

B.effective

C.continual

D.mutual26.A.creative

B.complex

C.specific

D.official27.A.generosity

B.wisdom

C.independence

D.governance28.A.promising

B.demonstrating

C.pretending

D.explaining29.A.counton

B.goafter

C.appealto

D.benefitfrom30.A.assumes

B.confirms

C.enhances

D.concludes31.A.regular

B.dominant

C.potential

D.previous32.A.atmosphere

B.audience

C.feedback

D.judge33.A.statistics

B.expectation

C.argument

D.opposite34.A.responsibility

B.punishment

C.arrangement

D.difficulty35.A.strongly

B.causally

C.delicately

D.fearlessly參考答案：21.C

22.D

23.A

24.B

25.D

26.C

27.A

28.B

29.C

30.A

31.C

32.B

33.D

34.B

35.A【分析】本文為介紹說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了科研人員對(duì)狨猴的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。它們不斷地以看似高度進(jìn)化的行為讓研究人員大吃一驚?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.animal動(dòng)物的；B.careful仔細(xì)的；C.social社會(huì)的；D.individual個(gè)人的。句意：但它們不斷地以高度進(jìn)化的社會(huì)行為讓研究人員大吃一驚。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.evolving進(jìn)化,展開(kāi)；B.communicating交流；C.organizing組織；D.parenting撫養(yǎng)。句意：他們的社會(huì)組織和為人父母的做法可以成為“一個(gè)村莊”的模式。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.shines照耀，顯露；B.damages損壞；C.affects影響；D.protests抗議。句意：一項(xiàng)新的研究進(jìn)一步彰顯了狨猴令人欽佩的社會(huì)價(jià)值觀。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A.atplay在起作用；B.inprivate私底下；C.onschedule按計(jì)劃；D.byaccident偶然。句意：研究人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，這些看護(hù)人在私下里與孩子分享食物時(shí)，比在其他社區(qū)成員的注視下更慷慨。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.adequate充足的；B.effective有效的；C.continual持續(xù)的；D.mutual共同的，相互的。句意：在復(fù)雜的社會(huì)中，人們?yōu)榱讼嗷ケＷo(hù)而團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，研究人員為無(wú)私的行為提出了一些被廣泛接受的解釋。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【26題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.creative創(chuàng)新的；B.complex復(fù)雜的；C.specific特定的；D.official官方的。句意：具體的行為，比如與一只乞討的小狨猴分享美味的蟋蟀，似乎需要更具體的解釋。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【27題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.generosity慷慨，大方；B.wisdom智慧；C.independence獨(dú)立；D.governance管理。句意：一種可能性是，一個(gè)人通過(guò)慷慨大方來(lái)提高自己在同齡人中的地位。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.promising許諾；B.demonstrating證明，展示；C.pretending假裝；D.explaining解釋。句意：通過(guò)展示他在物質(zhì)方面的天賦，他可以分享一些東西，這可以增強(qiáng)他在團(tuán)隊(duì)中的力量。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.counton指望；B.goafter追求；C.appealto吸引；D.benefitfrom受益于。句意：這反過(guò)來(lái)可能會(huì)吸引未來(lái)的伴侶。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.assumes假定，設(shè)想；B.confirms證實(shí)；C.enhances提高；D.concludes總結(jié)。句意：對(duì)慈善行為的另一種解釋設(shè)想是，對(duì)他人的善意只是團(tuán)體成員的費(fèi)用，這為未來(lái)提供了一些交配的機(jī)會(huì)。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.regular常規(guī)的；B.dominant支配的；C.potential潛在的；D.previous先前的。句意：不分享會(huì)導(dǎo)致被排斥在群體之外，失去潛在的伙伴。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.atmosphere氛圍；B.audience觀眾；C.feedback反饋；D.judge法官。句意：重要的是，要使這兩種模式奏效，善舉必須有觀眾。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)；B.expectation期望；C.argument論點(diǎn)；D.opposite。句意：然而，在對(duì)31只成年狨猴和14只幼狨猴進(jìn)行的2581項(xiàng)測(cè)試中，結(jié)果似乎正好相反。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.punishment懲罰；C.arrangement安排；D.difficulty困難。句意：我們的研究結(jié)果表明，幫助普通狨猴并不是由聲譽(yù)管理或逃避懲罰來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)的。故B選項(xiàng)正確。【35題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.strongly強(qiáng)烈地；B.causally有原因地；C.delicately精致地；D.fearlessly勇敢地。句意：相反，它是由一種幫助他人的深層動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的，這種動(dòng)機(jī)在與年輕人獨(dú)處時(shí)表現(xiàn)得更為強(qiáng)烈。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】完型填空是測(cè)試考生英語(yǔ)水平的最重要的題型之一，也是得分率較低的題型之一。完形填空著重考查對(duì)文章的整體理解和詞匯意義，包括慣用法。多數(shù)題要求考生以語(yǔ)篇為線索，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行通篇理解，正確把握上下文語(yǔ)境的邏輯關(guān)系。在解題的時(shí)候，我們一定要根據(jù)前后詞語(yǔ)的相互關(guān)系，聯(lián)系上下文，有時(shí)要結(jié)合常識(shí)，才能確定正確的選項(xiàng)。如第1小題，根據(jù)下文Theirsocialorganizationand____2____practicescouldhavebeenthemodelforthephrase“Ittakesavillage.”可知，此處指“但它們不斷地以高度進(jìn)化的社會(huì)行為讓研究人員大吃一驚”。由此可知，正確答案。三、閱讀理解18.

Britishsocietyisconsideredtobedividedintothreemaingroupsofclasses－theupperclass，themiddleclass．a(chǎn)ndthelowerorworkingclass．ThisisknownastheclasssystemanditisimportanttoknowsomethingaboutitifyoumeantounderstandBritishpeopleandsociety．MostBritishpeoplegrowupwithadeepknowledgeandunderstandingoftheclasssystemeveniftheyarenotveryconscious（意識(shí)到的）ofit．Asaresult，morepeopleknowwhichclasstheybelongtoandareabletotellwhichclassotherpeoplecomefrombythewaytheyspeak，thekindofclothestheywear，theirinterestsandhobbiesoreventhetypeoffoodtheyeat．

Socialclassisnotonlyaboutbehaviorandattitudes．Forexample，althoughmanyupperclasspeoplearerichandmayownalotofland，havingalotofmoneydoesnotnecessarilymakeapersononememberoftheupperclass．Itisalsoimportanttocomefromaparticularkindoffamily，havefriendswhoareconsideredsuitable，havebeentoacertaintypeofprivateschoolandspeakwiththerightkindofaccent．Therearepeoplewhoarepoorbutwhodonotthinkofthemselvesasworkingclassbecausetheirfamilybackground，education，politicalopinions，etc．a(chǎn)rebasicallydifferentfromthoseofmostworking－classpeople．ManypeopledonotliketheclasssystembutitisimpossibletopretendthatthesedifferencesdonotexistorthatBritishpeopledonotsometimesformopinionsinthisway．40．TheideaoftheclasssysteminBritain__________．

A．existsonlyinthemindofforeigners

B．isdeeplyrootedintheBritishpeople

C．isnowunderattack

D．isregardedasalongcustom41．IfanEnglishmanhasalotofmoney，__________．

A．hebelongstothemiddleclass

B．hemustbeamemberoftheupperclass

C．heisnotlikelytobefromtheupperclass

D．hemaybuyanupperclasstitlewithmoney42．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?

A．Manyrichpeopledonotbelongtotheupperclass．

B．TodaymanyBritishpeopledonotliketheclasssystem．

C．Manypoorpeopledonotconsiderthemselvesalowerclass．

D．AnEnglishman’Ssocialclassisdeterminedbymanyfactors．43．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．AnUnequalSociety

B．SocialClassinBritain

C．BritishPeopleandSociety

D．InformationaboutBritain參考答案：BCDB19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Mr.Jacksonwastiredoflivinginhisoldhouseinthecountrysideandwantedtosellitandbuyabetterone.Hetriedtosellitforalongtime,butwasnotsuccessful,soatlasthedecidedtogotoanestateagent（房產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人）.The