2023屆上海市高考英語(yǔ)外刊語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)6

外刊改編題一一上海高考語(yǔ)法專訓(xùn)六11easternersandwesternersthinkindifferentwaysisnotmereprejudice.Manypsychologicalstudies2(conduct)overthepasttwodecadessuggestWesternershaveamoreindividualistic,analyticandabstractmentallifethandoEastAsians.Severalhypotheseshavebeenputforwardtoexplainthis.One,thatmodernizationpromotesindividualism,fallsatthefirsthurdle:Japan,anultramoderncountry3peoplehaveretainedacollectiveoutlook.Asecond,thatahigherrateofinfectiousdiseaseinaplacemakescontactwithstrangersmoredangerous,andcausesgroupstoturninward,ishardlybetter.Europehashaditsshareofplagues;probablymorethaneitherJapanorKorea.ThatledThomasTalheimoftheUniversityofVirginiaandhiscolleaguestolookintoathirdsuggestion:thatthecrucialdifferenceisagricultural.ThebasicWestcropiswheat;theEast'srice.Beforethemechanizationofagricultureafarmerwhogrewricehadtospendtwiceasmanyhoursdoingsoasonewhogrewwheat.4(organize)labourefficiently,especiallyattimesofplantingandharvesting,rice-growingsocietiesasfarapartasIndia,MalaysiaandJapanalldevelopco-operativelabourexchangeswhichletneighborsstaggertheirfarms'schedulesinordertoassisteachotherduringthesecrucialperiods.Since,untilrecentlyalmosteveryonealivewasafarmer,itisareasonablehypothesis5suchacollectiveoutlookwoulddominateasociety'scultureandbehaviour,andmightprovesodeep-rooted,tosomeextent,6evennow,whenmostpeopleearntheirlivinginotherways,ithelpstodefinetheirlives.Mr.Talheimrealizedthatthisideaistestable.LargeareasofAsia,particularlyinthenorth,dependnotonrice,butonwheat.That,asheexplainsinapaperinScience,7(let)himandhisteamputsomefleshonthistheory'sbones.Theteamgatheredalmost1,200volunteersfromalloverAsiaandaskedthemquestionstoassesstheirindividualismorcollectivism.Theanswersborelittlerelationtothewealthofavolunteer'splaceoforigin.Therewasa8(strike)correlation,though,withwhetheritwasarice-growingorawheat-growingarea.Thisdifferencewasmarkedevenbetweenpeoplefromneighbouringcountieswithdifferentagriculturaltraditions.Undoubtedly,Talheim'shypothesishaspointedtoadirectionworth9(explore)further.ViewingthemessagefrommodernizedcountriessuchasJapan,KoreaandSingapore,whichstillholdontocollectivism,perhapswecansay:Asianvalues-withtheirprinciplesofmutualsupportandcollectiveaction-10(be)only"Asian'1becausebackinancienttimes,farmersinmanypartsofthatcontinentfoundriceamoresuitablecroptogrowthanwheat.參考答案1.That,考察主語(yǔ)從句2.conducted,考察過去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)3.whose/where,考察定語(yǔ)從句4.Toorganize,考察不定式表目的5.that,考察同位語(yǔ)從句6.that,考察so....that狀語(yǔ)從句7.let,考察并列謂語(yǔ)8.striking,考察現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)9.exploring,考察動(dòng)名詞，worth主表被10.are,考察謂語(yǔ)Accordingtoadictionary,portraitureis"arepresentationofaperson,especiallyofthefacebydrawingorpaintingalikeness.However,thisdefinitionneglectsthecomplexitiesofportraiture.Accordingtoadictionary,portraitureis"arepresentationofaperson,especiallyofthefacebydrawingorpaintingalikeness.However,thisdefinitionneglectsthecomplexitiesofportraiture.Portraitsareworksofartthatengagewithideasofidentity1justalikeness.Theseconceptsofidentityinvolvesocialrank,gender,age,profession,characterofthesubject,etc.Itisimpossibletocopyalltheaspectsofidentity.Therefore,portraitsreflectonlycertainqualitiesofsubjects.Portraitarthasalsoundergonesignificantshiftsinartisticpractice.Themajorityofportraitsaretheoutcomeofcurrentartisticfashionsandfavoredstyles.Therefore,portraitartisanartcategory2(provide)variousengagementwithsocial,psychological,andartisticpracticesandexpectations.Sinceportraitsaredifferentfromotherartcategories,theyareworthyof3(study)separately.Duringtheirproduction,portraitsrequirethepresenceofaspecificperson,oranimageoftheindividual.Inmanyinstances,theproductionofportraiturehasrequiredsittings,whichresultininteraction4thesubject(s)andtheartistthroughoutthecreationofthework.Incertaininstances,portraitartistsdependedonacombinationofdifferentinvolvementwiththeirsubjects.Ifthesittercan'tsitinthestudioregularly,portraitistscouldusehisorherphotographs.InEurope,duringtheseventeenthandeighteenthcentury,sometimesthesittingtime5(decrease)byfocusingonlyonthehead.Theoretically,portraitistscouldworkfromimpressionsormemorieswhencreatingapainting,butthisrarelyoccurredaccordingto6(document)records.Nonetheless,7theworkisbasedonmodelsittings,copyingaphotograph,orusingmemory,theprocessofpaintingaportraitislinkedwiththemodersattendance.Furthermore,portraitpaintingcanbedistinguishedfromotherartisticcategoriesbyitsconnectionwithappearance,orlikeness.Assuch,theartofportraitpaintinggotareputationforimitationinsteadofforartisticinnovation.BasedonRenaissancearttheory,portraiturewasrelatedtothelevelofamechanicalexercise8wasopposedtoafineart.Michelangelo'swell-knownprotest9portraitsisonlyoneexample.Duringthenineteenthandtwentiethcenturies,theattitudetoportraiturewascritical.Evenso,artistsfromaroundtheglobe10(persist)inpaintingportraitsdespitetheirtheoreticalobjections.Picasso,forexample,becamewidely-knownforcubiststill-lifepaintingearlyinhiscareer,butsomeofhisearlyexperimentsinthisnewstylewerehisportraitsofartdealers.參考答案ratherthan/insteadof,考察兩空介詞providing,考察現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語(yǔ)beingstudying,考察動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)between,考察介詞wasdecreased,考察謂語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主謂一致documented,考察過去分詞做定語(yǔ)whether,考察狀語(yǔ)從句that/which,考察定語(yǔ)從句against,考察介詞persisted,考察謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)3Onerainyafternoon,Iwasonacrosstownbus1ayoungwomanjumpedon.Shehadachildwithherwhomusthavebeenabout3or4yearsold.Thebuswasfull,bumpy,anditsoongotnoisyasherkidbegancryingbecausehecouldn'tsitnexttohismother.Therewereacoupleofopenseats,2theyweren'ttogether.Shewasflusteredandlookedembarrassed.Thenanotherwoman,alittleolder,stoodupandmoved3themotherandchildcouldsittogether.Themomsmiledasathank-you.Andthenthreewordscameoutoftheolderwoman'smouth4elevatedtheentireenergyofthatbusride:"I'vebeenthere”.Simple,undramaticandhonest.Inthatmoment,itseemedtounitepeople.Why?Maybethiswasquiteadifficultquestion.ButIthinkitwas5almostallexperiencesaresharedhumanexperiences.Weforgetthat,asweforgethroughlife,6(focus)onourowntroublesandneeds-whichareactuallylessuniquethanwethink.Howcanthesethreewordscreatemoreconnectioninyourlife?Askyourself:"WhereamIholdingback?”O(jiān)nethingIknowforsureisthis:Healingothershelpshealyourself.Inoticedthisrecentlywithmyfriend,Tracy,whotookanewfriendwho7(suffer)amiscarriageunderherwing.Tracyhadthreeofthembefore8(have)herdaughtertwoyearsago.Ourintellectneedsadoctortoexplainthemedicalsideofthings,yes.Butoursoulsneedhumanconnectiontohelpusalong.9candothatbetterthansomeonewhohasbeenexactlywhereyouare.Cantheessenceofthesethreewordshelpyoumakeasmalldifferencerightnow?Itcanbeas10(simple),inmanycases,asvolunteeringyourseat,sharingsomehelpfuladviceorevenlighteningthemoodwithajokewhenyounoticethatsomeone'suncomfortable—becauseweArecentsurvey1(conduct)bythePewResearchCentreshowedthatamere16%ofAmericansthinkthatafour-yeardegreecoursepreparesstudentsverywellforahigh-payingjobinthemoderneconomy.Buttechnologyalsoseemstobecomplicatingthepicture.ApaperpublishedbyatrioofCanadianeconomists,PaulBeaudry,DavidGreenandBenjaminSand,questionsoptimisticassumptionsaboutdemandfornon-routineworkandshowsthatsince2000theshareofemploymentaccountedfbrbyhigh-skilledjobsinAmerica2(fall).Thisanalysissupportstheviewthattechnologyhascomeasablowtoemployment.Skilledandunskilledworkersalikeareintrouble.Thosewithabettereducationarestill3(likely)tofindwork,butthereisnowafairchance4itwillbeunenjoyable.Thosewhonevermadeittocollegefacebeingsqueezedoutoftheworkforcealtogether.Thisistheargumentofthetechnopessimists.Thereisanother,5(pessimistic)possibility.JamesBessen,aneconomistatBostonUniversity,findsthatsince1980employmenthasbeengrowingfasterinoccupationsthatusecomputersthaninthosethatdonot.Partialautomationcanactuallyincreasedemandbyreducingcosts.But6technologymaynotdestroyjobsinall,itdoesforcechangeuponmanypeople.Inmanyoccupationsithasbecomeessentialtoacquirenewskillsasestablishedonesbecomeout-of-date.BurningGlassTechnologies,aBoston-basedstartupthatanalyseslabormarketsby7(obtain)datafromonlinejobadvertisements,findsthatthebiggestdemandisfornewcombinationsofskills—8itsboss,MattSigelman,calls“hybridjobs”.Thecompositionreallinthistogether.參考答案1.When,考察狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)2.but,考察并列句3.sothat,考察兩空的狀語(yǔ)從句4.that/which,考察定語(yǔ)從句5.because,考察狀語(yǔ)從句6.focused/focusing,參考非謂語(yǔ)7.hadsuffered,考察謂語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)Arecentsurvey1(conduct)bythePewResearchCentreshowedthatamere16%ofAmericansthinkthatafour-yeardegreecoursepreparesstudentsverywellforahigh-payingjobinthemoderneconomy.Buttechnologyalsoseemstobecomplicatingthepicture.ApaperpublishedbyatrioofCanadianeconomists,PaulBeaudry,DavidGreenandBenjaminSand,questionsoptimisticassumptionsaboutdemandfornon-routineworkandshowsthatsince2000theshareofemploymentaccountedfbrbyhigh-skilledjobsinAmerica2(fall).Thisanalysissupportstheviewthattechnologyhascomeasablowtoemployment.Skilledandunskilledworkersalikeareintrouble.Thosewithabettereducationarestill3(likely)tofindwork,butthereisnowafairchance4itwillbeunenjoyable.Thosewhonevermadeittocollegefacebeingsqueezedoutoftheworkforcealtogether.Thisistheargumentofthetechnopessimists.Thereisanother,5(pessimistic)possibility.JamesBessen,aneconomistatBostonUniversity,findsthatsince1980employmenthasbeengrowingfasterinoccupationsthatusecomputersthaninthosethatdonot.Partialautomationcanactuallyincreasedemandbyreducingcosts.But6technologymaynotdestroyjobsinall,itdoesforcechangeuponmanypeople.Inmanyoccupationsithasbecomeessentialtoacquirenewskillsasestablishedonesbecomeout-of-date.BurningGlassTechnologies,aBoston-basedstartupthatanalyseslabormarketsby7(obtain)datafromonlinejobadvertisements,findsthatthebiggestdemandisfornewcombinationsofskills—8itsboss,MattSigelman,calls“hybridjobs”.Thecompositionofnewjobsisalsochangingrapidly.Acollegedegreeatthestartofaworkingcareerdoesnotanswertheneedforthecontinuousacquisitionofnewskills,especiallyascareerspans(持續(xù)時(shí)間)arelengthening.Vocationaltrainingisgoodatgivingpeoplejob-specificskills,butthose,too,willneed9(update)overandoveragainduringacareerlastingdecades.Vocationaltraininghasarole,buttrainingsomeoneearlytodoonethingalltheirlivesisnottheanswertolifelonglearning.10(add)allofthisup,anditbecomesclearthattimeshavegottougherforworkersofallkinds.Acollegedegreeisstillaprerequisiteformanyjobs,butemployersoftendonottrustitenoughtohireworkersjustonthestrengthofthat,withoutexperience.Inmanyoccupationsworkersoncompanypayrollsfacetheprospectthattheirexistingskillswillbecomeoutdated,yetitisoftennotobvioushowtheycangainnewones.參考答案conducted,考察過去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)hasbeenfalling/hasfallen,考察謂語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主謂一致morelikely,考察形容詞比較級(jí)that,考察同位語(yǔ)從句lesspessimistic,考察形容詞比較級(jí)eventhough/if,考察兩空狀語(yǔ)從句obtaining,考察動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)what,考察賓語(yǔ)從句updating/tobeupdated,考察非謂語(yǔ)主表被Add,考察祈使句5Atthe4thStreetPhotoGalleryonthecomeroftheBowery,manyphotosarestrungtogether1clothesonalaundryline.ThereareportraitsofMuhammadAliandJean-MichelBasquiat,plusaseriesofcityscapesdetailedlycapturedover60yearsbyAlexHarsley,aneglectedbuttalentedNewYorkphotographer.ThecityhasbeenMrHarsley*shomesince1948,2,agedten,hemovedtherefromSouthCarolina.Hetookhisfirstphotographtenyearslater,andbecamethefirstblackphotographertoworkforthecity'sdistricta