歷年專八改錯(cuò)(2000年-2014年)真命題及規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案

歷年專八短文改錯(cuò)試題2014年英語(yǔ)專八改錯(cuò)真題答案Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageacquisition（SLA）emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s.Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions （a前面力口also）havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea: （possessed改為captured）Isitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthesamesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage? （one前面力口as）Whatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave （fact后面力口that）moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?Whatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguages?Whatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe （language前面去掉the）acquisitionofanadditionallanguage?Whatsocio-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthelearningofadditionallanguages?Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall （去掉the）theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiringofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo（attempts改為attempting）so.Whetheronelabelsit“l(fā)earning”or“acquiring”anadditional

(or改為and)(involving(or改為and)(involving改為(touch改為oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntintheclassroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.contact)2013英語(yǔ)專八改錯(cuò)真題答案Psycho-linguisticsisthenamegiventothestudyofthepsychologicalprocessesinvolvedinlanguage.Psycholinguisticsstudyunderstanding,productionandrememberinglanguage,andhenceareconcernedwith(1) listening,reading,speaking,writing,andmemoryforlanguage.Onereasonwhywetakethelanguageforgrantedisthatitusually(2) happenssoeffortlessly,andmostoftime,soaccurately. (3) Indeed,whenyoulistentosomeonetospeaking,orlookingatthispage,(4) younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.Itisonlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswemightbecomeawareofthecomplexity (5) involved:ifwearesearchingforawordbutcannotrememberit;ifarelativeorcolleaguehashadastrokewhichhasinfluenced (6) theirlanguage;ifweobserveachildacquirelanguage;if (7) wetrytolearnasecondlanguageourselvesasanadult;orifwearevisuallyimpairedorhearing-impairedorifwemeetanyoneelsewhois.Asweshallsee,alltheseexamples (8) ofwhatmightbecalled“l(fā)anguageinexceptionalcircumstances”revealagreatdealabouttheprocessesevolvedinspeaking, (9) listening,writingandreading.Butgiventhatlanguageprocesseswerenormallysoautomatic,wealsoneedtocarryoutcareful (10) experimentstogetatwhatisduction改成producing去掉the去掉accurately前面的solooking改為lookwe前面加that去掉colleague后面的hastheir改成hisanyone改成pure老師someoneevolved改成involvedwere改成are2012年專八真題改錯(cuò)部分Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst (1)centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywriters

favouredcertainkindof“free”translation:thespirit,nottheletter;the(2)TOC\o"1-5"\h\zsensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternot (3)themanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho (4)wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19th (5)century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthatthelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage (6)wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible(7)gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas(8)literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe (9)extreme“l(fā)iteralists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.Theargumentwastheoretical:thepurposeofthetranslation,thenatureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Toooften,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwitheachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.(10)參考答案：going后加oncertain改為acertainrather改為notis改為wasin改為at去掉第二個(gè)theview后面加that去掉was

culminated后面加inand改為but2011年專八真題改錯(cuò)部分Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,IknewthatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofabout1 seventeenandtwenty-fourItriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconsciencethatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthat2 soonorlaterIshouldhavetosettledownandwritebooks. 3 Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyears 4 oneitherside,andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondevelopeddisagreeingmannerismswhichmademeunpopularthroughoutmy5 schooldays.Ihadthelonelychild'shabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,andIthinkfrom6 theverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwiththefeelingof7 beingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreated8 asortofprivateworldwhichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailure9 ineverydaylife.Therefore,thevolumeofserious—i.e.seriously10 intended—writingwhichIproducedallthroughmychildhoodandboyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageoffourorfive,mymothertakingitdowntodictation..在grow后加up,考固定短語(yǔ).改consience為consciousness考詞語(yǔ)區(qū)別，consience翻譯為"良心道德心"，consiousness翻譯為“意識(shí)”.改soon為sooner，soonerorlater是固定短語(yǔ).在child前加middle,考上下文理解。作者是三個(gè)孩子句中的那位5。改disagreeing為disagreeable.disagreeing只能作動(dòng)名詞，不能作形容詞。disagreeablemannernisms令人討厭的習(xí)慣.改imaginative為imaginary,考詞語(yǔ)區(qū)別imaginative翻譯為“有想象力的"，imaginary翻譯為“想象的，虛構(gòu)的”.改literal為literary,考詞義區(qū)別，literal翻譯為“字面的”,literary翻譯為“文學(xué)方面的”.去掉face后的in,face接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞?？紕?dòng)詞的基本用法.在world后加in或者改which為where,考定語(yǔ)從句.改Therefore為However或者Nevertheness,考語(yǔ)境。感悟：11專八改錯(cuò)相對(duì)前幾年專八改錯(cuò)要簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)。本人認(rèn)為詞義區(qū)別考得過(guò)多了。2010年專八真題改錯(cuò)部分Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:thatis,everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosay1 thethingstheirspeakerswanttosay. 2 Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitive 3 peoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofrice.Whereasthisisnotthe4 faultoftheirlanguage.TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecanin 5 English,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthosesometimesmiscalled'primitive')isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.Thisexampledoesnotcometolightadefect6 inEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.ThepositionissimplyandobviouslythattheEskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilar7 environments.TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichinterms8 fordifferentkindsofsnow,presumably,iftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.9 Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos'life. 10 .be后插入as; as...as引導(dǎo)的比較級(jí).their改為its;its代替everylanguage.There改為It; It此處作為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式.Whereas改為But；語(yǔ)境需要表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，whereas表示對(duì)比.further改為muchfurther不能修飾比較級(jí).come改為bring;(sth)cometolight,bringsthtolightbringtolightthedefectofEnglish=bringthedefectofenglishtolight揭示英語(yǔ)的缺陷

.similar改為different; 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)該用different.will改為would; 虛擬語(yǔ)氣.asimportant去掉as;t.hepart去掉the或者改the為abe/become/form(a)partof是固定短語(yǔ)09專八改錯(cuò)原題Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference(1) betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthe (2) littlelistenerhasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,oreven (3) grandchildren.Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.With(4) theplaygroundlore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassed (5) onwithintheveryhouritislearnt;andinthegeneral,itpasses (6) betweenchildrenofthesameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinagebetweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplaygroundrhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,orevenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatit(7) hasbeenretransmittedoverandover;verypossiblyithaspassed (8) alongachainoftwoorthreehundredyounghearersandtellers,and(9) (10)thewonderisthatitremainsliveaftersomuchhandling,toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe(9) (10)答案分析：⑴thefurtherdifference改為afurtherdifference(此次應(yīng)該用不定冠詞表示泛指)(2)改when為until,結(jié)構(gòu)not...until翻譯為“直到……才”(3)their改為his(代詞與前文alittlelistener在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致)(4)something改為anything此處指二十到七十的任何時(shí)段(5)therefore改為however(根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系)inthegeneral去掉the(習(xí)慣用法ingeneral表示總的來(lái)說(shuō)，一般不用冠詞)currently改為current(這里起的是表語(yǔ)的作用，需要形容詞而不是副詞)ithaspassed改為ithasbeenpassed(與分號(hào)前的被動(dòng)保持一致)⑼live改為alivealive翻譯為“鮮活的”，一般作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；live翻譯為“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)播的；活的“，一般作定語(yǔ)toletalone改為letalone(letalone為習(xí)慣搭配，意思是“更不用說(shuō)2008年專八真題短文改錯(cuò)ThedesiretouselanguageasasignofnationalidentityisaTOC\o"1-5"\h\zverynaturalone,andinresultlanguagehasplayedaprominent 1_partinnationalmoves.Menhaveoftenfelttheneedtocultivate 2agivenlanguagetoshowthattheyaredistinctivefromanother 3racewhosehegemonytheyresent.AtthetimetheUnitedStates 4_splitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthatindependenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofa 5 differentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.Therewasevenone 6 proposalthatAmericansshouldadoptHebrew.OthersfavouredtheadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglish 7 andmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryone 8 knows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingwiththesamelanguageasbefore. 9 Sincenearlytwohundredyearsnow,theyhaveshowntheworld 10 thatpoliticalindependenceandnationalidentitycanbecompletewithoutsacrificingtheenormousmutualadvantagesofacommonlanguage..inresult改成inconsequence,moves改成movements..distinctive改成distinct或different.在time后加when.accepted改成realized.those改成that.刪除on,.At改成Incarryingwith改成carryingonwith.now改成ago07專八真題短文改錯(cuò)Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliest 1 recordsofancientlanguagesshowuslanguageinanewand 2 emergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguage 3 originatedincriesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,andthe 4 necessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:therearenoremotetribes,noancientrecords,providingevidenceofalanguagewithalargeproportionofsuchcries 5 thanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsenceofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butin 6 othergroundstoothetheoryisnotveryattractive.Peopleofallracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilarnoisesinreturntopainorpleasure.Thefactthat 7 suchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmenandMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferent,servestoemphasizeonthefundamentaldifference 8 betweenthesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent, 9 whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatare 10 whollyconventional.1,改and為or,anylanguagagestodayorrecordsofancientlanguages是并列成分，在否定句中用or2,改show為showing,現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)3，刪除the,表示泛指4，改and為but,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處是轉(zhuǎn)折5，改large為larger,后面有than,應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)6，改in為on,onothergrounds"基于其它理由”，為固定搭配7,改return為response,inresponseto“對(duì) 作出反應(yīng)”8，刪除on,emphasizesthemphasize是及物動(dòng)詞9，在large前加a,extent是可數(shù)名詞，前面要加冠詞。"toalargeextent"翻譯為"在很大程度上”10，改these為thosethosethat/who為固定形式2006專八短文改錯(cuò)Weuselanguageprimarilyasameansofcommunicationwithotherhumanbeings.Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsas1 tothewayinwhichwordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticular2 message:theEnglishspeakerhasinhisdisposalvocabularyanda3 setofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehis 4 thoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,totheotherEnglish 5 speakers.Hisvocabulary,inparticular,boththatwhichheusesactive-lyandthatwhichherecognises,increasesinsizeashegrowsoldasaresultofeducationandexperience. 6 But,whetherthelanguagestoreisrelativelysmallorlarge,thesystemremainsnomorethanapsychologicalrealityfortheindividual,unlesshehasameansofexpressingitintermsabletobeseenbyanother7 memberofhislinguisticcommunity;hebastogivethesystemaconcretetransmissionform.Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomost8 commonformsoftransmission-bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).Andtheseare9 amongmoststrikingofhumanachievements. 10 1,改agreeing為agreedagreedconventions翻譯為“習(xí)俗”2,words前加the,此處為特指3,改in為atatone'sdisposal為固定短語(yǔ)，翻譯為“由某人做主”4,改enables為enable,定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞vocabularyandasetofgrammaticalrules保持一致5，刪除the,此處需要泛指6,改old為older,此處需要比較級(jí)7,改seen為understood,system應(yīng)該是被理解8,冊(cè)^除it takesthforgrantedtakeitforgrantedthat…9,改or為and，語(yǔ)境需要并列關(guān)系而不需選擇關(guān)系10,most前加the,形容詞最高級(jí)中that一般不能省略2005年專八真題短文改錯(cuò)TheUniversityasBusinesAnumberofcollegesanduniversitieshaveannouncedsteeptuitionincreasesfornextyearmuchsteeperthanthecurrent,verylowrateofinflation.Theysaytheincreasesareneededbecauseofalossinvalueofuniversityendowmentsheavilyinvestingincommon 1 stock.Iamskeptical.Abusinessfirmchoosesthepricethatmaximizesitsnetrevenues,irrespectivefluctuationsinincome;andincreasinglythe 2 outlookofuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesisindistinguishablefromthoseof3 businessfirms.Theriseintuitionsmayreflectthefacteconomicuncertainty4 increasesthedemandforeducation.Thebiggestcostofbeingintheschoolisforegoingincomefromajob(thisisprimarilyafactorin5 graduateandprofessional-schooltuition);thepoorone'sjobprospects, 6 themoresenseitmakestoreallocatetimefromthejobmarkettoeducation,inordertomakeoneselfmoremarketable.Thewayswhichuniversitiesmakethemselvesattractivetostudents 7 includesoftmajors,studentevaluationsofteachers,givingstudentsa governance role, and eliminate requiredcourses. 8 Sky-hightuitionshavecauseduniversitiestoregardtheirstudentsas

customers.Justasbusinessfirmssometimescolludetoshortencustomers.Justasbusinessfirmssometimescolludetoshortenthe 9 rigorsofcompetition,universitiescolludetominimizethecosttothemoftheathleteswhomtheyrecruitinordertostimulatealumnidonations,sothebestathletesnowoftenbypasshighereducationinordertoobtainsalariesearlierfromprofessionalteams.Anduntiltheywerestoppedbytheantitrustauthorities,theIvyLeagueschoolscolludedtolimitcompetitionforthebeststudents,byagreeingnottoawardscholarshipsonthebasisofmeritratherthanpurelyofneed-justlikebusinessfirmsagreeingnottogivediscountsontheirbest10 customer..investing應(yīng)改為invested，過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ).在irrespective和fluctuations之間加上介詞of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法，意指“不論，不管，不顧，”等，此處指公司不顧收入的波動(dòng)變化。.把those改為that，that此處代替outlook.在fact和economic之間力口上關(guān)系代詞that。這是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從語(yǔ)，that在同位語(yǔ)從句中是不能省略的..把定冠詞the去掉,inschool表示上學(xué)這個(gè)抽象意義.把形容詞poor改為其比較級(jí)poorer。這句中的poor與后面的more形成一對(duì)比較關(guān)系，表示“越……越……”.在ways和which之間加上一個(gè)介詞in。.這里應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞的一lng形式，即eliminating，以便使句型結(jié)構(gòu)與前面的giving(studentsagovernance2匕)保持一致，否則句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思都顯得不正確。.將shorten（縮短；使變短）改為reduce/lesson/weakeno此處屬于用詞不當(dāng)。.將togivediscountson改為togivediscountstotheirbestcustomer。意為實(shí)業(yè)公司給最好的客戶提供優(yōu)惠。Givediscountstosb為固定短語(yǔ)2004改錯(cuò)Oneofthemostimportantnon-legislativefunctionsoftheU.SCongressisthepowertoinvestigate.Thispowerisusuallydelegatedtocommittees-eitherstandingcommittees,specialcommitteessetforaspecific (1)—purpose,orjointcommitteesconsistedofmembersofbothhouses. (2)Investigationsareheldtogatherinformationontheneedforfuturelegislation,totesttheeffectivenessoflawsalreadypassed,toinquireintothequalificationsandperformanceofmembersandofficialsoftheotherbranches,andinrareoccasions,tolaythe (3)TOC\o"1-5"\h\zgroundworkforimpeachmentproceedings.Frequently,committeesrelyoutsideexpertstoassistinconductinginvestigativehearings (4)andtomakeoutdetailedstudiesofissues. (5)Thereareimportantcorollariestotheinvestigativepower.Onethepowertopublicizeinvestigationsanditsresults.Most (6)—committeehearingsareopentopublicandarereported (7)widelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigationsneverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakers (8)toinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues.⑼―Congressionalcommitteesalsohavethepowertocompeltestimonyfromunwillingwitnesses,andtociteforcontemptofCongresswitnesseswhorefusetotestifyandforperjuryofthesewhogivefalsetestimony. (10) .在set后加up, setup"建立、成立”是固定短語(yǔ).答案：consisted—consisting/composed.答案：in—on【詳細(xì)解答】固定搭配on...occasions.答案rely后加on【詳細(xì)解答】固定搭配relyonsb.todosomething.答案：makeout—make【詳細(xì)解答】makeout意思是“辨認(rèn)出"，而此處意思是“對(duì)…做詳細(xì)的研究“散用“makedetailedstudiesof...”即可。.答案：its—their【詳細(xì)解答】此處指代的是“investigations"，故用復(fù)數(shù)。.答案：public—thepublic【詳細(xì)解答】the+adj.可表示某一類人，此處意思是“面向公眾”，故應(yīng)用“thepublic”。.答案：nevertheless—therefore/thus【詳細(xì)解答】此處不是表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折，而是與前文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故可改為therefore或thus。.答案：interests—interest【詳細(xì)解答】此處看成不可數(shù)名詞為佳.答案:these—those【詳細(xì)解答】those指代witnesses,即指代名詞復(fù)數(shù)做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，而these不行2003改錯(cuò)DemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwarperiodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablishfamilies.TheyquicklybroughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomenandbroughtTOC\o"1-5"\h\zthebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheightaftermorethanahundred (1)__yearsofasteadydecline,producingthe“babyboom.”Theseyoung (2)__adultsestablishedatrendofearlymarriageandrelativelylargefamiliesthatwentformorethantwodecadesandcausedamajor (3)__buttemporaryreversaloflong-termdemographicpatterns.Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,Americansmarriedatahighrate (4)__andatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts. (5)__Lessnotedbutequallymoresignificant,themenandwomenwho (6)__formedfamiliesbetween1940and1960neverthelessreducedthe (7)__divorcerateafterapostwarpeak;theirmarriagesremainedintacttoagreaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswell (8)__aslaterdecades.SincetheUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubious (9)__distinctionofhavingthehighestdivorcerateintheworld,thetemporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurinthesameextentin (10)__Europe.Contrarytofearsoftheexperts,theroleofbreadwinnerandhomemakerwasnotabandoned..答案：height-high,high作為名詞翻譯為“最高水平”，又如reachanall-timehigh.答案：刪除a【詳細(xì)解答】此處steadydecline指穩(wěn)定下降的行為、過(guò)程而不是其結(jié)果，為不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)去掉定冠詞a。.答案：went后力口on【詳細(xì)解答】goon為固定搭配，意為“持續(xù)”.答案：high—higher【詳細(xì)解答】后面有than，此處應(yīng)為比較級(jí)。.答案：Europe—European【詳細(xì)解答】根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞counterparts。.答案：more【詳細(xì)解答】由上下文可知，more與equally矛盾，故應(yīng)去掉。.答案：nevertheless—also【詳細(xì)解答】由上下文可知，此處講的內(nèi)容與前部分內(nèi)容之間為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。.答案：that—those【詳細(xì)解答】由上下文可知，此處所指代的應(yīng)為前面復(fù)數(shù)形式的marriages，故指示代詞也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。.答案：Since—Although（或While）【詳細(xì)解答】從邏輯上講，此處應(yīng)表達(dá)讓步關(guān)系，而非因果關(guān)系。.答案：in―to【詳細(xì)解答】to...extent為固定搭配，意為“到……程度”2002改錯(cuò)Therearegreatimpedimentstothegeneraluseofastandardinpronunciationcomparabletothatexistinginspelling(orthography).Oneisthefactthatpronunciationislearnt'naturally'andunconsciously,andorthographyislearnt1.deliberatelyandconsciously.Largenumbersofus,infact,remainTOC\o"1-5"\h\zthroughoutourlivesquiteunconsciouswithwhatourspeechsounds 2likewhenwespeakout,anditoftencomesasashockwhen 3wefirstlyheararecordingofourselves.Itisnotavoicewerecognizeatonce, 4whereasourownhandwritingissomethingwhichwealmostalwaysknow. 5Webeginthe'natural'learningofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearningtoreadorwrite,andinourearlyyearswewentonunconsciously 6.imitatingandpracticingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanymorehourspereverydaythanweeverhavetospend 7.learningevenourdifficultEnglishspelling.Thisis'natural', 8.therefore,thatourspeech-soundsshouldbethoseofourimmediatecircle;afterall,aswehaveseen,speechoperatesasameansofholdingacommunity 9.—andgivingasenseof'belonging'.Welearnquiteearlytorecognizea'stranger1,someonewhospeakswithanaccentofadifferentcommunity-perhapsonlyafewmilesfar. 10.—.答案:and^while/whereas【詳細(xì)解答】前半句意為“發(fā)音是在無(wú)意識(shí)之中學(xué)成的"后半句意為“拼寫是有意識(shí)地學(xué)成的"它們之間是對(duì)比關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該用連詞while來(lái)連接。.答案：with^of【詳細(xì)解答】beunconsciousof是固定搭配，意為“無(wú)意識(shí)地，未意識(shí)到“。即“我們之中很多人一輩子都不知道自己的話聽(tīng)起來(lái)是什么樣的”。.答案:speak后加it【詳細(xì)解答】speakout意為“大膽地說(shuō)出"在這里句意不通。在speakout中加上it，指代前面的speech,意為“當(dāng)我們說(shuō)出話后，自己聽(tīng)起來(lái)像什么”。.答案：firstly^first【詳細(xì)解答】firstly表示順序中的“第一"，first則表示時(shí)間上的“第一次，首次“。這里是說(shuō)“當(dāng)我們第一次聽(tīng)到自己的錄音時(shí)，通常會(huì)震驚”。故應(yīng)將firstly改為first才合乎句意。.答案:which^that【詳細(xì)解答】在定語(yǔ)從句中，如果先行詞是代詞something,everythingfnothingflittleffew等時(shí)，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用that而不是which,故此處應(yīng)將which改為thato.答案:went^go【詳細(xì)解答】本文通篇用的都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，使上下文保持時(shí)態(tài)一致。.答案：刪除per或every【詳細(xì)解答】per和every都是“每”的意思，在此屬重復(fù)錯(cuò)誤，故將兩者去掉一個(gè)即可。.答案:ThisTt【詳細(xì)解答】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中缺少一形式主語(yǔ)，而作形式主語(yǔ)的只能是代詞it,this是"這”的意思，不能用做形式主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)將this改為it。.答案:community后力口together【詳細(xì)解答】hold意為“抓住，占據(jù)，包含“。此處想表達(dá)的意思是“語(yǔ)言用作使社區(qū)具有凝聚力、給人歸屬感的一種方式"用holdacommunity不能表達(dá)此意；holdsth.together表示“使結(jié)合在一起不破，使團(tuán)結(jié)一致”的意思，符合句意。.答案：far-away【詳細(xì)解答】要表達(dá)距離上的遠(yuǎn)近，在英語(yǔ)中通常用副詞away。far表示“遠(yuǎn)，從（到（很遠(yuǎn)距離”，不合句意。2001改錯(cuò)Duringtheearlyyearsofthiscentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanada.Peopleoncitystreetswatchedtheyieldsandthepriceofwheatinalmostasmuchfeelingasif 1.theyweregrowers.Themarketingofwheatbecameanincreasing 2.favoritetopicofconversation.Warsetthestageforthemostdramaticeventsinmarketingthewesterncrop.Foryears,farmersmistrustedspeculativegrainsellingascarriedonthroughtheWinnipegGrainExchange.Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,sofarmerscould3.notwaitformarketstoimprove.Ithadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonshortlyafterharvestwhenfarmdebts4.werecomingdue,justtoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich.5.Onvariousoccasions,producergroups,askedfirmercontrol, 6.—butthegovernmenthadnowishtobecomeinvolving,at 7.leastnotuntilwartimewhenwheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild.Anxioustocheckinflationandrisinglifecosts,thefederal8.governmentappointedaboardofgrainsupervisorstodealwithdeliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.GrainExchangetradingwassuspended,andfarmerssoldatpricesfixedbytheboard.Tohandlewiththecropof1919,thegovernment 9.appointedthefirstCanadianWheatBoard,withtota