Unit-4-Don't-eat-in-class.語法、練習(xí)題及答案

Unit4Don’teatinclass.一、祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號，讀降調(diào)。1.肯定的祈使句（1）動詞原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.請起立。（2）Be+n./adj.Beagoodboy!要做一個好孩子!Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/當(dāng)心！（3）Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。2.否定的祈使句（1）Don't+動詞原形Don'tstandup.別站起來。Don'tbecareless.別粗心。Don'tletthemplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。（2）Let型的否定式有兩種:“Don't+let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分”和“Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其它成分”。Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。Letthemnotplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。（3）no開頭,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸煙!Nofishing!禁止釣魚!3.祈使句的強調(diào)形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動詞Do。例如：Doshutup!快住口！4.祈使句的回答祈使句的動作通常是表示將來發(fā)生的動作，所以回答祈使句時，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時，要注意兩點：（1）形式一致(即Yes與will保持一致；No與won’t保持一致)（2）意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。在回答時，要注意分析上下文語境中所提供的條件。如：---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。----Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不行，我得去機場接我弟弟。5.祈使句的反意疑問句（1）肯定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?請把門打開，好嗎？（2）否定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?別再遲到了，行不行？（3）以let's開頭的祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我們把電視打開，好嗎？<特別注意>只有以let's開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分才用shallwe，而letus開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分應(yīng)為willyou或won'tyou.如：Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?請（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？二、辨析haveto與mustmust作為情態(tài)動詞,則表示“必須”“務(wù)必”,它側(cè)重于主觀上的必要性。否定形式為mustn’t,意為“不準(zhǔn)，不許”。如：Youmustcometomorrow.你明天必須來。1.表"必須"，"應(yīng)該"，"務(wù)必"

must

not(mustn't)表"禁止"，"不許"，"不準(zhǔn)"，"不可以"。

Everyone

must

attend

the

lecture.

The

work

must

be

finished

as

soon

as

possible.

You

mustn't

lend

it

to

others.

注：對must問句的回答。

-Must

I

go

there

now?

-Yes,

you

must.

/No

,you

①needn't.

②need

not

③don't

have(got)

to

④don't

need

to.must表推測"一定"，"必定"，一般只用于肯定句，亦即用于疑問句和否定不表揣測。

對現(xiàn)在。He

must

be

at

home

now.

You

must

be

hungry

after

the

long

walk.

The

Chinese

language

must

have

the

largest

number

of

speakers.

對進行時。

He

must

be

sleeping

now(at

that

time).

3.must表不可避免的傾向。

All

men

must

die.

4.

must

表"偏偏"，"不巧"

My

car

must

break

down.我的車偏偏壞了。

have

to

作為情態(tài)動詞，意思是"必須、不得不"，它側(cè)重于客觀上的必要和外界的權(quán)威。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋have

to＋動詞原形（主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，用has

to）1)You

havetowear（wear）sportsshoes

for

gym

class.

2)Tonyhasto（haveto）playtheguitar

every

afternoon.

2.否定形式：主語＋don't/doesn’t

have

todosth.常翻譯成“沒必要做某事，不必...”。如：Nick

doesn’thavetowear

a

uniform.

尼克不必穿制服。3.一般疑問句：Do

（Does）＋主語＋have

to

＋動詞原形＋其他Doyou

havetostay

at

home

on

weekends?

周末你必須呆在家里嗎？haveto

與must的區(qū)別

(1)must表說話人的主觀看法，而have

to表客觀需要。

比較：I

have

to

stop

smoking

.（外界壓力，客觀情況使然）

I

must

stop

smoking.（主觀認(rèn)為）

must只有一種形式而have

to有更多的形式haveto,hasto,hadto,willhaveto等。I

thought

I

must

go

there.

have

to

的疑問，否定均須借助于do。Does

he

have

to

go

there

now

?

不說Has

he

to

go

there

now?

He

has

to

go

there

now,

doesn’t

he?

The

work

has

to

be

finished

before

10

o'clock..

例題：（）1.

Please

______

me

some

money.A.

lend

B.

lending

C.

to

lend

D.

be

lend

解析：Please為副詞位置靈活，我們可以把它抹掉，動詞原形打頭為祈使句，選A答案：A（）2.

________

look

outside.

Look

at

the

blackboard.

A.

not

B.

don’t

C.

aren’t

D.

can’t解析：祈使句否定No+Ving或者Don’t+V原形。因為此句為動詞原形所以選B答案：B（）3.Youdon’t_______washallthedishesaftermeals.havetoB.mustC.mayD.hasto解析：根據(jù)句子意思可推出漢語意思你不必在晚飯后洗盤子。主語為在AD里面選，主語為第三人稱，所以用原型選A答案：A（）4.—LinglingcanIuseyoure-dictionary?--Sure.Butyou____returnitafterclass.A.mayB.wouldC.canD.must解析：根據(jù)題意你必須返還電子字典。必須must答案：D（）5.Weoftenseethesign”————”onthebus.A.NofishingB.NosmokingC.NoparkingD.Noswimming解析：四個選項都符合語法，但是公交車上只能是禁止吸煙。答案：B單元基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、選擇填空（30分）

（）1.

We

can

eat

in

the

cafeteria.

But

we

_______

eat

in

the

classroom.

.

A.

don’t

B.

didn’t

C.

can’t

D.

aren’t

（）

2.

When

Jim

goes

________

the

classroom

the

teacher

is

having

class.

A.

to

B.

in

C.

out

D.

into

（）

3.

-_______

I

take

some

photos

in

the

hall?

–No,

you_________.

A.

Can,

needn’t

B.

Must,

mustn’t

C.

Could,

won’t

D.

May,

mustn’t（）4.

Don’t

forget________

me

this

evening.

A.

to

call

B.

call

C.

calls

D.

calling

（）5.

Don’t

talk

________

in

the

library.

A.

loud

B.

loudly

C.

low

D.

lowly

（）6.

I

have

_______

rules

in

my

home.

We

have

________

homework

to

do

today.

A.

too

many,

too

much

B.

too

much

,

many

too

C.

too

many,

much

too

D.

much

too,

many

too

（）7.

-Can

your

brother

swim?

-________.

A.

Yes,

he

can’t

B.

Yes,

please

.

C.

No,

he

can’t

D.

Yes,

he

does

（）

8.

It’s

raining

all

day

,

so

I

________

stay

at

home.

A.

must

B.

have

to

C.

must

to

D.

can（）

9.

He’s

never

________

class.

A.

arrive

B.

late

for

C.

arrive

late

D.

late

（）

10.

Don’t

worry!

There

is

_________

much

wrong

with

you.

A.

something

B.

anything

C.

everything

D.

nothing

（）11.

Don’t

arrive

late

for

class,

________?

A.

do

you

B.

aren’t

you

C.

will

you

D.

don’t

you

（）12.

“No,

______

!

”

says

the

sign.

A.

smoke

B.

smoking

C.

smokes

D.

to

smoke

（）

13.

His

mother

is

ill

_________

for

two

days.

A.

in

bed

B.

on

bed

C.

in

the

bed

D.

on

the

bed

（）14.

-Can

you

cook

fish?

-

________.

It’s

easy.

A.

No,

I

can’t

B.

Yes,

I

can

C.

Sorry,

I

can’t

D.

Yes,

I

need

（）15.

-What

did

Mary

have

___________breakfast

this

morning?

-She

got

up

late

and

hurried

to

school

________

breakfast.

A.

for,

without

B.

at,

without

C.

for

,

after

D.

at,

after

二、閱讀理解一Hello,listeners.WelcometoHentonHospitalRadio.Beforeourmusicprogrambegins,I'mgoingtorepeat(重復(fù))someofourhospitalrules.Thehospitalcansleep800patients(病人).Thereare8bedsineachward(病房).Thevisitinghoursareintheafternoonfrom2:30to3:30andintheeveningfrom7:00to8:00.Butrememberonlytwopeoplecanseeyouatthesametime.Sorryaboutthat,butyoucanseewhatwouldhappenifwedidn'thavetheserules.Theotherrulesareaboutourhours.Westartquiteearly-youmightnotbeusedtothat.Wewakeyouat6:00,andbreakfastisat8:00,lunchatnoon.There'steaat3:30andsupperisat6:00.Youcanseethesmokingsign-wedon'tallowsmokinginthewards.I'msureyouunderstandwhy.However,ifyoudoneedtosmoke,therearesomesmoking-roomswhereitisallowed.Youwillfindtheradioswitch(開關(guān))onthewallnearyourbed,withyourownheadphone,ifyouwanttolisten.It'sourownhospitalradiowishingyouaquickrecovery(康復(fù)).1.Whodoyouthinkthelistenersmightbe?A.Patients.B.Visitors.C.Doctors.D.Nurses.2.Howmanywardsarethereinthishospital?A.8.B.80.C.100.D.800.3.WhichisNOTallowedinthehospital?A.Listeningtothehospitalradio.B.Visitingpatientsinthemorning.C.Smokinginthesmoking-rooms.D.Gettingupearlyinthemorning.4.Whatprogramwillfollowthisradiotalk?A.Hospitalrules.B.Aweatherreport.C.Afreetalk.D.Amusicprogram5.Whatsigncanyouseeinthewards?A.Nospeaking.B.Noparking.C.Nosmoking.D.Nopeople.二ManystudentsintheUSAalwaystaketheschoolbustoschooleveryday.Parentsthinktakingtheschoolbusisverysafe(安全的).Butsometimesitisalsodangerous.Somestudentsdied(死亡)becausetheybroketheschoolbusrules.Herearesomeschoolbusrules:◆Amveatthebusstationearly.◆Waitforthebusatthebusstation.◆Don'tplayaroundthebus.◆Don'truneverywhereatthebusstation.◆Don'twalkorfightinthebuswhenitisgoing.◆Don'ttrytoleavethebusuntilitstops.Theserulesaregoodforstudents.Rememberthemanddon'tbreakthem.Soyoucankeepyourselfsafe.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子正(T)誤(F)。()1.Takingtheschoolbustoschoolisalwayssafe.()2.Studentscanruneverywhereatthebusstation.()3.Studentshavetositontheirseatswhenthebusisgoing.()4.Studentscan'tgettothebusstationlate.()5.Itcanbedangerousifstudentsbreaktheschoolbusrules.三、首字母填空Dearfriends,Doyouk1youareluckywhenyouaresittinginthebrightc2andhavingyourclassesorenjoyingyournicefoodathome?CanyoufeelmanychildreninHaiti(海地)areverylucky,t3?Weknowaneart