2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修二Unit6 Survival課時(shí)作業(yè)

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修二Unit6Survival課時(shí)作業(yè)課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AGrandCanyonParkRangerProgramsGuidedCedarRidgeHike7amDaily(MeetattheSouthKaibabTrailhead)A3－mile(4.8km)hikeonanunpavedpath.Allow4hours.Minimum2litersofwaterperperson.Bringsaltysnacks,sunscreen,andwearhikingshoes.Notrecommendedforpeoplewithheartproblems,ordifficultywalking.FossilDiscoveryWalk9amDaily(MeetattheBrightAngelTrailheadsign)Walkamongseacreaturesthatlivedonthispartofthecontinent270millionyearsago,beforetheageofthedinosaurs.Thiseasy1/2－mile(0.8km)one－waywalkexploresanexposedfossilbed.CritterChat9：30amDaily(MeetatGrandCanyonVisitorCenter)LearnaboutsomeoftheGrandCanyon'sdiversewildcreatureswhosurvivehereinthisplaceofextremechangesinexposureandclimate.Wheelchairaccessible.Familyfriendly.GeologyWalk3：30pmDaily(MeetatYavapaiGeologyMuseum)LearnhowtheGrandCanyonformedwhileexploringYavapaiGeologyMuseumduringthisshortintroductorytalk.Whyisitsodeep,wide,andgrand?Whydoesitexistonlyhereandnowhereelseintheworld?ConsiderwalkingtheTrailofTimefollowingtheprogram.Note:Childrenmustbeaccompaniedbyanadultinallprograms.Allprogramsarefreeofcharge.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了大峽谷公園的四個(gè)游樂項(xiàng)目的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和內(nèi)容。1．WhatmightyouNOTexperienceintheprogramsabove?A．Goonanexhaustinghike.B．WalktheTrailofTime.C．Lookfordinosaurfossils.D．Learnmoreaboutexistinganimals.解析：選C推理判斷題。文中沒有提到尋找恐龍化石，所以在這些項(xiàng)目中你不太可能體驗(yàn)尋找恐龍化石。故選C。2．Whichprogramisfriendlytopeoplewithdifficultywalking?A．GuidedCedarRidgeHike.B．FossilDiscoveryWalk.C．CritterChat.D．GeologyWalk.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CritterChat部分中的“Wheelchairaccessible.”可知，CritterChat項(xiàng)目對(duì)行走困難的人很友好。故選C。3．WheredoyoumeetfortheprogramintroducingtheformationoftheGrandCanyon?A．AtYavapaiGeologyMuseum.B．AttheSouthKaibabTrailhead.C．AtGrandCanyonVisitorCenter.D．AttheBrightAngelTrailheadsign.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GeologyWalk部分中的“LearnhowtheGrandCanyonformedwhileexploringYavapaiGeologyMuseumduringthisshortintroductorytalk.”可知，雅瓦派地質(zhì)博物館會(huì)介紹大峽谷的形成。故選A。B(2023·重慶模擬)Frombirdstobeesandwolvestofrogs,animalsusenumberstohunt,findamate,returntotheirhome,andmore—andresearchersbelievethatthisabilitytoprocessandrepresentnumbers,knownasnumericalcompetence,influencesananimal'schanceofsurvival.InareviewpublishedinthejournalTrendsinEcologyandEvolution,AndreasNieder,aneurobiologistattheUniversityofTuebingen,Germany,suggeststhecapabilitytodifferentiatenumbershastohaveastrongsurvivalbenefitandreproduction(繁殖)benefit.Honeybees,forinstance,canrememberthenumberoflandmarkstheypasswhensearchingforfoodinordertofindtheirwaybacktothehive(蜂房).Also,forexample,malefrogssing“advertisement”callstoattractfemales.Thefemales,listeningforthecomplexityoftheircalls,choosethemalethatsingsthemostcalls.Thiscanalsobeseeninanimalschoosingalargeramountoffoodoverasmallamountorinanimalsforminghuntinggroups.Wolvesaremorelikelytohuntsuccessfullyiftheyhavetherightnumberofwolvesintheirpackforthesizeoftheirprey(獵物):withpreylikedeer,onlyaroundsixtoeightwolvesareneeded,whilehuntingwildoxrequiresapackofninetothirteen.Theirpreyalsousethisconcepttoprotectthemselvesfromwolves—deertendtoliveinsmallerherds,whichrarelyhaveencounterswithwolves,orgatherinlargeherdstoreducethechanceofanyindividualbecomingprey.Despitethesemanyexamplesofnumericalcompetenceinanimals,thissubjecthasnotgottenmanyfirst－h(huán)andstudies.“Manyofthesebehavioralfindingsinthewildhaveusuallybeencollectedasby－productsoraccidentalfindingsofotherresearchquestions，”saysNieder.Hearguesthatmoreresearchneedstobedonetofullyunderstandthenumericalcompetence.語篇解讀：研究表明，動(dòng)物不僅具有理解數(shù)字的能力，而且這一能力還對(duì)它們的生存有著巨大的影響。4．Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthistext?A．Bylistingfigures.B．Byaskingquestions.C．Bymakingcomparisons.D．Bygivingexamples.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Honeybees,forinstance,canremember...”“Also,forexample,malefrogssing...”和第四段中“Wolvesaremorelikelytohunt...”可知，文中作者是通過列舉這些例子來行文的，故選D項(xiàng)。5．Whatroledoesnumericalcompetenceplayinwolves'hunting?A．Itgivesthemmoreoptionstohunt.B．Ithelpsthemformhuntinggroups.C．Itmakesthemdiscovermoreprey.D．Itoffersthemnewskillstohunt.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Wolvesaremorelikely...ninetothirteen.”可知，數(shù)字能力在狼的狩獵中能幫助它們形成狩獵群體，故選B項(xiàng)。6．What'sNieder'sattitudetotheseinstancestoproveanimalshavenumericalcompetence?A．Positive. B．Ambiguous.C．Doubtful. D．Negative.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Manyofthesebehavioralfindings...thenumericalcompetence.”可知，對(duì)于證明動(dòng)物有數(shù)字能力的事例，Nieder持懷疑態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A．AnimalsTaughttoDistinguishNumbersB．AnimalsLearnedNumberstoSurviveC．TheSmartestAnimalsinHuntingandReproductionD．Animals'NumericalIntelligenceAffectstheirSurvival解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段中的“researchersbelievethatthisabilitytoprocessandrepresentnumbers,knownasnumericalcompetence,influencesananimal'schanceofsurvival”表明文章主旨，后文用例子證明此觀點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Mostpeopledon'tneedconvincingthathappyrelationshipsarethekeytoasuccessfullife.WhenHarvardresearchersfollowed268menformorethan70years,thestudy'sfoundingdirectorsummarizeditsfindingwithasinglesentence:Happinessislove.__8__Themagicratio(比例)forhappyrelationshipsThepiececomesfromnewsletterTheProfile.Justsevendaysmarried,PolinaMarinovaaskedTheProfilereadersfortheirbestmarriagetips.__9__Butinthemiddleofitcomesthisoneessentialbutdeadsimpletip:Makesureyourrelationshipfollowsthe5∶1ratio.__10__He'sperhapsthemostrespectedexpertinthefieldofmarriagestability.AstheGottmanInstitutewebsiteexplains,“Thedifferencebetweenhappyandunhappycouplesisthebalancebetweenpositiveandnegativeinteractions(相互影響)duringconflict.The‘magicratio’is5to1.Thismeansthatforeverynegativeinteractionduringconflict,astableandhappymarriagehasfive(ormore)positiveinteractions.”Arealthingforotherrelationships,tooIt'simportanttonotethatthe5∶1ratiowasnotinventedmerelyforcouples.__11__Friendshipsaremorepleasantwhenbothpartiesmakesurethatsmallkindnessesoutweighslights.__12__What'smore,thedetailsofmaintaininghealthy,positiverelationshipscangettricky,butallrelationshipsareofftoagreatstartifyoubeginbysettingthe5∶1ratioasabaselineforhowyouinteractwitheachother.A．Humansare,asweallknow,complex.B．It'sahandystandardtokeepinmindforallrelationships.C．Thewholearticleisworthareadduetotheexcellentadvice.D．ThetipswerefinallycollectedbyaloveexpertJohnGottman.E．ThisratioisactuallybackedbydecadesofresearchbyJohnGottman.F.However,marriagelifecanbefarhappierifthe5∶1ratioiscarriedout.G.Thestudyalsoshowslovingrelationshipsimproveyourphysicalhealthandjobsatisfaction.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明幸福生活的秘訣是愛。8．選G上文介紹了研究結(jié)果，選項(xiàng)G“這項(xiàng)研究還表明，充滿愛的關(guān)系能改善你的身體健康和工作滿意度”也是講研究結(jié)果，承接上文，切合文意。9．選C根據(jù)上文可知，此處是講這篇文章包含了很好的婚姻建議，所以選項(xiàng)C“整篇文章都值得一讀，因?yàn)槠渲械慕ㄗh非常好”切合文意。10．選E根據(jù)上文可知，選項(xiàng)E中的“Thisratio”是指5∶1比例；根據(jù)下文可知，空格處提到了一個(gè)婚姻專家，這個(gè)專家是Gottman。所以選項(xiàng)E“這一比例實(shí)際上得到了JohnGottman數(shù)十年研究的支持”切合文意。11．選B根據(jù)上文可知，5∶1比例還適用于除了夫妻關(guān)系之外的其他關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)B“對(duì)于所有關(guān)系來說，這是一個(gè)易于記住的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”切合文意。12．選A根據(jù)下文可知，此處是講人際關(guān)系非常復(fù)雜，根據(jù)“What'smore”可知，空格處也是類似的內(nèi)容，所以選項(xiàng)A“眾所周知，人類是復(fù)雜的”切合文意。Ⅲ.完形填空Asanathlete,I'vealwaysworkedhardtopushmyselftomylimits.Andwiththatusuallycomesome__13__andpains.SolastyearwhenIstartedtofeelsomemusclesoreness(酸痛)aftera__14__physicalexercise,atfirstIdidn'tthinkitwasabigdeal.Iwas__15__foramarathonatthetime,soovertheweekendI'ddonea20－kilometer__16__.ThefollowingTuesdayIhitmyfavouritegymtodoaworkoutthat__17__alotofupperbodyweightlifting.My__18__toldmetotakeiteasyonmybody,butI__19__I'dbefineandpoweredthroughit.Afterward,mycoachnoticeda__20__swellinginmyarmandsaidhewasworried.Itriedtobrushhimoffbuthe__21__Idrinkalotofwaterandcheckinwithhiminafewhours.Sureenough,bythatafternoontheswellinghad__22__andIheadedtothedoctor.Istillthoughthewasmakingamountainoutofamolehill,butI__23__mycoachsoIdidit.Thedoctortookacloselookattheswellinganddiagnosedmewithrhabdomyolysis(橫紋肌溶解癥),a__24__conditionwheremuscleoverusecauseskidneyfailure.Astheygavemesomemedicinetohelp__25__thetoxins(毒素),mydoctortoldmethatwewouldhavebeenhavingthisdiscussionintheemergencyroomifI'd__26__evenanother30minutes.Thingsweretouch－and－goovertheweekendbutImadeafull__27__.ThankfullyIhadagreatcoachIcouldtrust—hesavedmylife!語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在鍛煉時(shí)，教練注意到了作者身體出現(xiàn)了問題，但作者并不在意。教練建議他去看醫(yī)生，結(jié)果檢查后，醫(yī)生告訴他，這是一種威脅生命的病。作者慶幸教練發(fā)現(xiàn)并建議他去看醫(yī)生，從而挽救了自己。13．A.sorrows B．a(chǎn)chesC．coughs D．faults解析：選B根據(jù)空后“andpains”可知，空處需用名詞aches，表示疼痛和痛苦。14．A.tough B．normalC．harmful D．limited解析：選A由前文“Istartedtofeelsomemusclesoreness(酸痛)”可知，應(yīng)該是經(jīng)過艱苦的(tough)體育鍛煉后，肌肉才會(huì)感到酸痛。15．A.working B．a(chǎn)pplyingC．searching D．training解析：選D根據(jù)后文“amarathonatthetime”可知，作者為了參加馬拉松比賽而訓(xùn)練。16．A.walk B．swimC．run D．drive解析：選C因?yàn)橐獮閰⒓玉R拉松訓(xùn)練，所以作者周末跑了20公里。17．A.recorded B．matchedC．a(chǎn)rranged D．involved解析：選D根據(jù)空后“alotofupperbodyweightlifting”可知，此處指涉及(involved)上半身的鍛煉。18．A.doctor B．coachC．teachers D．colleagues解析：選B根據(jù)前文描述和下文“Afterward,mycoach”可知，作者在為參加馬拉松訓(xùn)練，所以此處指教練讓作者放松點(diǎn)。19．A.doubted B．wonderedC．realized D．figured解析：選D由前半句描述可知，教練讓作者放輕松，此處是作者表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，需用動(dòng)詞figure。20．A.deadly B．frighteningC．slight D．different解析：選C根據(jù)后文“bythatafternoontheswellinghad________andIheadedtothedoctor”可知，手臂開始的腫脹不嚴(yán)重，后來嚴(yán)重了才去看醫(yī)生。slight“輕微的”。21．A.insisted B．beggedC．resolved D．ordered解析：選A根據(jù)空前“Itriedtobrushhimoff”可知，作者對(duì)教練的擔(dān)心沒有理睬，由此可知，此處需用動(dòng)詞insist表示教練堅(jiān)持讓作者多喝水，并幾小時(shí)后和他聯(lián)系。22．A.flattened B．emergedC．increased D．broken解析：選C根據(jù)空后“Iheadedtothedoctor”可知，因?yàn)槟[脹加劇了，所以作者去看醫(yī)生。increase“增加”。23．A.trusted B．refusedC．tricked D．supported解析：選A根據(jù)后文“soIdidit”和“ThankfullyIhadagreatcoachIcouldtrust”可知，作者因?yàn)橄嘈?trusted)教練，所以去看醫(yī)生了。24．A.distinguishing B．mind－destroyingC．embarrassing D．life－threatening解析：選D根據(jù)后文“wheremuscleoverusecauseskidneyfailure”可知，因?yàn)闀?huì)導(dǎo)致腎衰竭，由此可知，這種情況是威脅生命的。life－threatening“威脅生命的”。25．A.putaway B．clearoutC．giveaway D．bringout解析：選B根據(jù)后文“thetoxins(毒素)”可知，醫(yī)生給作者開了一些藥幫忙清理身體的毒素。clearout“清理”。26．A.slept B．wanderedC．waited D．saved解析：選C由本段第一句描述可知，因?yàn)檫@種病威脅生命，所以如果作者再等30分鐘來的話，就可能在急癥室了。27．A.recovery B．preparationC．contribution D．a(chǎn)ssessment解析：選A根據(jù)文章最后一句“ThankfullyIhadagreatcoachIcouldtrust—hesavedmylife！”可知，因?yàn)槁犃诵湃蔚慕叹毜脑?，及時(shí)就醫(yī)，作者完全康復(fù)了。recovery“恢復(fù)”。課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)主題表達(dá)升格訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.根據(jù)要求完成下列句子1．(完成句子)Wherever_he_goes(無論他去哪里),hecanadapthimselftonewcircumstances.2．(完成句子)Being_exposed_to_loud_music_too_much(接觸太多嘈雜的音樂)willharmyourhearing.3．(完成句子)As_the_sun_set(隨著太陽下落),theshadowsgrewlongerandlonger.4．(完成句子)There_is_no_doubt_that(毫無疑問)theyshouldtakemeasurestosettletheconflictbetweenthem.5．(完成句子)While_I_admit_his_good_points(盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)),Icanseehisshortcomings.6．(一句多譯)我已經(jīng)改掉了不尊重他人的壞習(xí)慣。①Ihaverid_myself_of_the_bad_habit_of_showing_no_respect_for_others.(ridv．)②Ihavegot_rid_of_the_bad_habit_of_showing_no_respect_for_others.(getridof)7．Asshewasexposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(改為簡單句)→Exposed_to_such_loud_music,_thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.8．YoucanexperienceChinesefoodcultureonlywhenyoucometoChina.(改為倒裝句)→Only_when_you_come_to_China_can_youexperienceChinesefoodculture.Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Peoplealwaysholdthebeliefthatmoneytalks.Asforme,Ihadthesameopinion.ButasmallthingchangedallthatIthought.IwaswanderinginthestreetmarketonaSundaymorningbeforeChristmas.Thereweresomanypeopleandsomuchnoise.Peoplewerecomingandgoing,chatting,bargainingandlaughing.Iwalkedbackandforthandthengottotheplacewherecarp(鯉魚)wassold.Thecarp－sellersweresobusytodaybecausethereweremuchmorebuyersthansellers.Manybuyersweresurroundinganoldwoman,askingandevenshouting.Attheedgeofthecrowd,therewasalittleboywithahandfulofsmallchangeandamiddle－agedmanwholookedlikeagentleman.Thelittleboyseemedimpatient,andhetriedtocrowdintothosepeoplebutinvainsincehewassoyoung,whichmadehimveryworried.Butthemiddle－agedmanwastakinghistimeandhelookedsorelaxedwithacigaretteinhisfingers.Breathingoutacloudofsmoke,hesneered(冷笑)andshowedadisgustinglooktowardsthecrowd.Theoldwoman'sbusinesswassogoodthatforashorttimehertwofullbasketsofcarpturnedintoempty.Oneofthebasketshadonlyonecarpleft.Andmeanwhilethebuyerswerealsogoneexcepttwo—thelittleboyandthemiddle－agedman.Theyhandedoutsomemoneynearlyatthesametime,sayingthesamewords,“I'dliketobuythefish！”ThesceneimmediatelyattractedmeandIdeterminedtotakesometimetofindoutwhowouldgettheonlyfish.“Howmuchisthefish？”themiddle－agedmanasked.“3dollarsperkilogram，”theoldwomananswered.“Weight？”themiddle－agedaskedthen.“3kilograms，”theoldwomananswered.“Ijusthavetheenoughmoney,andIwillbuyit！”thelittleboysaidwithbrighteyes.“I'llgiveyoutendollarstobuyit！”themiddle－agedmanbegantocatchthefish.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：“Grandma,ourteacherhasastrangediseaseandonlycarpcancureher，”thelittleboybegged.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________