2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修二Unit5 A delicate world課時(shí)作業(yè)

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修二Unit5Adelicateworld課時(shí)作業(yè)課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·雅禮十六校聯(lián)考)Earth'slongestartificialstructureisusuallysaidtobetheGreatWallofChinawhilethesecond－longestisnotawall,butafence.Itstretchesfor5,614kmacrosseasternAustraliaandisintendedtostopthecountry'swilddogs,thedingoes,fromhuntingsheep.Australia'sdingofencedoesnotstandalone.Millionsofkilometresoffenceswraptheworld.Someareintendedtolimitthemovementofanimals,somethemovementofpeople,andsomemerelytomarktheboundary.Untilrecently,dataontheeffectsoffencesonwildlifehavebeeninadequate.ThathaschangedwiththepublicationofareportbyprofessorAlexMcInturff.Onediscoveryhehasmadeisthatmorethanhalfofpublishedfenceresearchfocusesonjustfivecountries—America,Australia,Botswana,ChinaandSouthAfrica.Asecondisthatonlyathirdofthesestudiesexaminedtheimpactoffencesonanythingotherthanthetargetspeciesinvolved,meaningtheanimalspurposelyintendedtobekeptinorout.Non－targetspecies,however,areoftenthosethathavetheirfortunesmostgreatlyreshapedbytheappearanceofpolesandwire.Australianfencesintendedtokeepoutdingoesarealsobarrierstolong－neckedturtles,whichtravelgreatdistancesoverlandwhenmovingbetweennestingsites.InBotswanafencesbuilttosparecattlefromwildlife－bornediseaseresultinseriousinterferencewithwildebeest(角馬)migrations.Noteverycreaturefaresbadly.Hawks(鷹)inMontanagladlysitonnewlybuiltlivestockfencestohuntsmallanimals,whilefence－basedspidersinSouthAfricaoutperformtheirtree－basedcousinswhenitcomestocatchinginsects.Often,though,thewinnersarecreaturesthatcausetroubleforexistingecosystems.KeepingdingoesoutoflargepartsofAustraliahasallowedaggressiveredfoxestomultiply.Nativerodents(嚙齒類動(dòng)物)havesufferedasaresult.Somehavebeenbroughttotheedgeofextinction.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述建立圍欄的作用及圍欄對生態(tài)的影響。1．Whichisapurposeofbuildingfences?A．Toexpandtheboundaryofacountry.B．Toprotectlivestocklikesheepandcattle.C．Tostopwildanimalsfrombeinghunted.D．Tohelppeoplemovearoundfreely.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，建立圍欄的目的是為了保護(hù)牛羊等牲畜，以防野狗捕獵。2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudiesonfences?A．Dataontheimpactoffenceshavebeenproved.B．Previousresearcheswerecompleteandsystematic.C．Abouttwo－thirdsofthestudiesfocusonthetargetanimals.D．Notallstudiesexaminedtheeffectoffencesonwildlife.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，三分之一的研究集中在目標(biāo)動(dòng)物以外的東西上，故推知大約三分之二的研究集中在目標(biāo)動(dòng)物身上。3．Whichanimalsunexpectedlybenefitfromfences?A．CattleinBotswana.B．WildebeestinBotswana.C．RedfoxesinAustralia.D．NativerodentsinAustralia.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，澳大利亞紅狐貍從圍欄中受益。B(2023·佛山模擬)Masksthathelpedsavelivesduringthepandemicareprovingadeadlythreatforwildlife.Macaques(獼猴)havebeenspottedchewingthestrapsoffoldandtossed－asidemasksinthehillsoutsideMalaysia'scapitalKualaLumpur—apotentialchokingthreatforthediminutivemonkeys.AndinanincidentthatcapturedheadlinesinBritain,agull(海鷗)wasrescuedbytheRSPCAinthecityofChelmsfordafteritslegsbecametangled(纏繞)inthestrapsofadisposable(一次性的)maskforuptoaweek.Theanimalwelfarecharitywasalertedafterthebirdwasspotted,motionlessbutstillalive,andtheytookittoawildlifehospitalfortreatmentbeforeitsrelease.Thebiggestimpactmaybeinthewater,withgreengroupsalarmedatthefloodofusedmasks,latex(乳膠)glovesandotherprotectivegearfindingtheirwayintoalreadypollutedseasandrivers.ConservationistsinBrazilfoundoneinsidethestomachofapenguinafteritsbodywasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfishwasdiscoveredcaughtinsideanotheroffthecoastofMiami.FrenchcampaignersOperationMerProprefoundadeadcrabtrappedinamaskinasaltwaterlagoonneartheMediterraneaninSeptember.Masksandglovesare“particularlyproblematic”forseacreatures,saysGeorgeLeonard,chiefscientistfromUS－basedNGOOceanConservancy.“Whenthoseplasticsbreakdownintheenvironment,theyformsmallerandsmallerparticles.Thoseparticlesthenenterthefoodchainandimpactentireecosystems，”headded.Therehasbeenashifttowardsgreateruseofreusableclothmasks,butmanyarestillchoosingthelightersingle－usevarieties.Campaignershaveurgedpeopletothrowthemawayproperlyandcutthestrapstoreducetheriskofanimalsbecomingtrapped.OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentstoincreasefinesforlitteringandencouragetheuseofwashablemasks.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在疫情期間幫助人們挽救生命的口罩對野生動(dòng)物來說有致命的威脅。4．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Seriousincidentsofwildlifehunting.B．Scientificresearchintowildlifelivinghabits.C．Howwildlifeisaffectedbydisposablemasks.D．Howhumanbeingsprotectendangeredwildlife.解析：選C段落大意題。根據(jù)第一句可知，啃咬一次性口罩的帶子會(huì)給小獼猴帶來窒息風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)第二句可知，一次性口罩帶子纏住海鷗的腿。因此本段講述的是廢棄口罩如何影響野生動(dòng)物。5．Howdomasksendangerseaanimals?A．Seaanimalsmaygettwistedbymasks.B．Seaanimalscan'tfindtheirwayhome.C．Seaanimalshavedifficultiesinfindingfood.D．Seaanimalsareforcedtoleavetheirhabitats.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，口罩威脅海洋生物的方式是被一次性口罩的帶子纏住。6．Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A．Puttingbansonsingle－usemasks.B．Gettingridofusedmasksproperly.C．Givingmaskproducersheavyfines.D．Reducingtheriskofwashablemasks.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，本段倡議合理丟棄口罩，與B選項(xiàng)意義一致。7．Whichsectionofthenewspapercanthispassagebefound?A．Business. B．Education.C．Lifestyle. D．Environment.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，文章的主題是關(guān)于口罩對野生動(dòng)物的威脅，表達(dá)的是人類活動(dòng)對環(huán)境的影響。第二至第五段通過舉例子的方式介紹了口罩如何影響了野生動(dòng)物的生存。最后一段是針對此問題提出的環(huán)保倡議。故可判斷文章可能是來自報(bào)紙上的“環(huán)境”版面。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Whenmyfriendofferedmeaspiderplantsprout,IdecidedtotrysomethingI'dneverdonebefore:committobecomingaplantperson.Afterdoingresearchandchangingmyperspective,IcanproudlysayIamsucceeding.___8__.StartwithEasyPlants__9__.Justwaterandsunlight,right?Apparentlynot.Ifocusedmyeffortsoneasyplants,whichhavebasicneeds,andaren'tastemperamentalassomeotherplants.ResearchItmightseemlikeapainbutdoingalittleresearchcanbethedifferencebetweenyourplantsurvivingandthriving.Lookinguphowmuchsunlighttheplantneeds,howoftentowaterit,__10__andifitrequiresanyspecialcarecanhelpyoutobeagoodplantperson.___11__Toomuchwatercandrowntheplant.Notwateringyourplantenoughcancauseittodryoutanddieveryquickly.You'dbettermakeawateringscheduletomakesureyoudon'toverorunderwateryourplants.CatertothePlantJustafterafewweeks,Inoticedtheplantleaveswerelosingtheirgreencolor.Ifoundspiderplantsdon'tdowellwithintenseafternoonsunlight.SoIcompletelyrearrangedallmyplantsinmylivingroomtocatertotheirspecificsunlightneeds.__12__.A．DoItwithLoveB．PlantsNeedWateringEveryDayC．CreateaWateringScheduleD．whattemperatureitdoesbestinE．NowmyplantsarethrivingmorethaneverF．Liketakingonanymajorproject,it'sbesttostartsimplyG．Herearesometipstotakeonhouseplantswhenyoudonothaveagreenthumb語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何栽培吊蘭。8．選G根據(jù)下文四個(gè)小標(biāo)題可知，本篇文章主要介紹了四種種植室內(nèi)吊蘭的方法，G項(xiàng)意為“當(dāng)你不擅長養(yǎng)室內(nèi)植物的時(shí)候，這里有一些方法可以幫助你”，是對下文的總結(jié)，起到了總領(lǐng)全文的作用。故選G。9．選F根據(jù)空前StartwithEasyPlants和空后“Justwaterandsunlight,right?”可知，本段主要講了要從簡單的植物入手，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)意為“就像承擔(dān)任何重大項(xiàng)目一樣，最好從簡單開始”總領(lǐng)下文，故選F。10．選D空前“Lookinguphowmuchsunlighttheplantneeds,howoftentowaterit”主要講了看看吊蘭需要多少陽光，多久澆水一次；空后“andifitrequiresanyspecialcarecanhelpyoutobeagoodplantperson”講了看看吊蘭是否需要特殊的照顧。D項(xiàng)意為“它在什么溫度下最好”，照應(yīng)了前后文，講明了種植吊蘭時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)。故選D。11．選C根據(jù)下文“You'dbettermakeawateringscheduletomakesureyoudon'toverorunderwateryourplants.”可知，這是在建議要固定澆水時(shí)間。C項(xiàng)意為“制定一個(gè)澆水的時(shí)間表”，是對本段的總結(jié)。故選C。12．選E根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知，前面的做法對植物生長沒有好處，因此作者重新擺放植物的位置以便于植物很好地成長，E項(xiàng)意為“現(xiàn)在我的植物比以往任何時(shí)候都茁壯”，承接上文。故選E。Ⅲ.完形填空(2023·汕頭模擬)I'mageologist.IhavebeenresearchingchangesintheAntarcticicesheetstohelpgovernmentsplanforfloodsandother__13__ofachangingclimate.IfirstmetTomonthetipofAntarctica.Heisaprofessionalmountaineerwho__14__geologistswiththeirresearch.Wewere__15__heretogether,hundredsofmilesfromanyoneelse,foratwo－month__16__.Mytaskwassimple:tocollectrock__17__fromasmanypeaksaspossible.Itisphysicallyexhaustingwork,andnotwithout__18__，assomeofthecrevasse(裂縫)fieldswecrossedleftmeshaking.IreliedonTomformy__19__：mylifewasinhishands.Trustquicklygrewbetweenus,andour__20__did,too.Withinaweekwe'd__21__deeptopics:themeaningoflife,andwhatfollowsdeath.WhenIgotthedateformyreturnjourney,Istartedtofeel___22__.Ididn'twantourtimethereto___23__.Wefeltwehadtomakethemostofthefinalfewdaysto__24__memories.Sayinggoodbyetoeachotherwasa(n)__25__.Iwasheadingofftostartanothermission,soIwas__26__themanwho'dbeenthroughitwithme.Ilookeddownathimasmyplanetookoff,knowingwhatwehadjustbeenthroughtogetherwas___27__intime.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了身為一名地質(zhì)學(xué)家的作者與一名登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員湯姆之間的合作經(jīng)歷。13．A.advantages B．consequencesC．tendencies D．causes解析：選B根據(jù)后文“changingclimate”可知，應(yīng)該是制訂應(yīng)對其他氣候變化后果的計(jì)劃。故選B項(xiàng)。14．A.instructs B．familiarizesC．a(chǎn)ssists D．presents解析：選C根據(jù)前文“Heisaprofessionalmountaineer”可知，因?yàn)闇肥锹殬I(yè)登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員，所以湯姆是幫助作者進(jìn)行研究的。assistsb.withsth.意為“幫助某人某事”。故選C項(xiàng)。15．A.stuck B．desertedC．locked D．a(chǎn)rrested解析：選A根據(jù)“hundredsofmilesfromanyoneelse”可知，作者和湯姆是被困住了。故選A項(xiàng)。16．A.holiday B．treatmentC．mission D．sentence解析：選C根據(jù)最后一段中“Iwasheadingofftostartanothermission”可知，作者應(yīng)該是為了完成任務(wù)而來的。故選C項(xiàng)。17．A.information B．evidenceC．examples D．samples解析：選D作者的職業(yè)是地質(zhì)學(xué)家，所以他的任務(wù)應(yīng)該是收集巖石樣本。故選D項(xiàng)。18．A.danger B．pleasureC．shame D．reward解析：選A根據(jù)后文“someofthecrevasse(裂縫)fieldswecrossedleftmeshaking”可知，這項(xiàng)工作很危險(xiǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。19．A.health B．safetyC．board D．future解析：選B根據(jù)本句中“mylifewasinhishands”可知，作者依靠湯姆來保護(hù)他的安全。故選B項(xiàng)。20．A.friendship B．confidenceC．experience D．hardship解析：選A根據(jù)下文“Withinaweekwe'd____deeptopics:themeaningoflife,andwhatfollowsdeath.”可知，作者與湯姆之間談?wù)摿艘恍┤松鷨栴}，他們之間已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了友誼。故選A項(xiàng)。21．A.sorted B．shiftedC．a(chǎn)voided D．discussed解析：選D根據(jù)前文可知，因?yàn)樽髡吆蜏分g的信任有了增長，也建立了友誼，所以這些問題應(yīng)該是作者與湯姆在一起討論的。故選D項(xiàng)。22．A.peaceful B．considerateC．emotional D．embarrassed解析：選C根據(jù)后文“Ididn'twantourtimethereto________.”可知，作者不想離別的時(shí)刻這么快到來，所以當(dāng)知道自己回程日期時(shí)，感到很情緒化。故選C項(xiàng)。23．A.last B．workC．matter D．end解析：選D根據(jù)下文“Wefeltwehadtomakethemostofthefinalfewdaysto...”可知，作者想珍惜剩下的時(shí)光，由此推斷出作者不希望他們共處的時(shí)光就此結(jié)束，故選D項(xiàng)。24．A.lead B．plantC．cause D．own解析：選B根據(jù)下文“Sayinggoodbyetoeachotherwasa(n)________.”可知，作者要與湯姆分別了，所以此處應(yīng)該是利用最后的幾天來將回憶植根于腦海。故選B項(xiàng)。25．A.option B．struggleC．honour D．routine解析：選B根據(jù)上文可知，作者不愿與湯姆分別，因此，說再見是一件難事。故選B項(xiàng)。26．A.leavingbehind B．pickingupC．a(chǎn)ppealingto D．takingin解析：選A根據(jù)下文“Ilookeddownathimasmyplanetookoff”可知，是作者先離開的，也就是說作者將和自己一起經(jīng)歷過這些事情的湯姆留在身后。故選A項(xiàng)。27．A.filmed B．frozenC．mentioned D．forgotten解析：選B根據(jù)文章大意可知，作者離開了和自己經(jīng)歷過危險(xiǎn)的伙伴，但這些經(jīng)歷都永遠(yuǎn)凝固在時(shí)間里了。故選B項(xiàng)。課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)主題表達(dá)升格訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.根據(jù)要求完成下列句子1．(完成句子)Neverbeforehaveweexperiencedsuchadifficulttime,neither/nor_have_they(他們也沒有)．2．(完成句子)Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarenotuncommon,causing/doing_serious_harm_to_our_life_and_the_environment(對我們的生活和環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重的損害)．3．(完成句子)It_turned_out_that(結(jié)果是)wehadagoodharvest.4．(完成句子)On_behalf_of_my_whole_family(代表我全家),I'dliketoextendmysinceregratitudeforyourhelp.5．(完成句子)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveis_to_live_in_harmony_with_nature(和自然和諧相處)．6．(完成句子)Trapped_in_the_ruins(被困在廢墟中),thegirlstillworeasmile,waitingtoberescued.7．(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)Hetriedtobrakethecar,butitwasbeyondcontrol.→Hetriedtobrakethecar，butitwasout_of_control.→Hetriedtobrakethecar，buthelost_control_ofit.8．(一句多譯)多虧她的指導(dǎo)，我才取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。①Thanks_to_her_guidance,_Imadegreatprogress.(thanksto)②Owing_to_her_guidance,_Imadegreatprogress.(owingto)③It_was_owing_to_her_guidance_thatImadegreatprogress.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Ⅱ.語法填空Youmaythinkyoucannotlivethroughsummerwithoutairconditioners.ButinancientChina,handfanswerealmosttheonlyhelpforpeople__1__(drive)theheataway.Chinesepeoplestartedtousehandfansover2,000yearsago.Thefanscame__2__differentshapes,suchasroundandsquareandtheyweremadefromvariousmaterials.Palmleaffanswerecheapandeasytomake.Featherfansshowedtheowner'shighstatus.Sandalwoodfans__3__(send)outafragrantsmell.__4__(late),handfansbecamemorethansomething__5__couldcoolyoudown.Theydevelopedintoartworks,inwhichtuanshanandzheshanwerethemostcommon.Shapedlike__6__fullmoon,tuanshanwasusuallymadeofsilk.Theyhadbeautifulembroidery(刺繡)featuringbirdsandflowersonthem.Females,especially__7__(woman)intheroyalpalace,likedtousethem.PoetsinancientChinaoftencomparedawoman'sabandonedfatetotuanshan.ApoetwroteduringtheQingDynasty,“Ifonlylifewereas__8__(beauty)aswhenwefirstmet,whyshouldtheautumnwindbothertopitydesertedpaintedfans？”Meanwhile,men,especiallytheliterati(文人),usedzheshan.Theliteratilikedthembecausetheycouldpaintandwritepoemsonthem.__9__wasawayforthemtoshowofftheirtalentinliterature,paintingandcalligraphy.Almostanythingcould__10__(paint)onzheshan,butthemostpopularonesusuallyfeaturedlandscapes.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹手工扇子的作用、種類和特點(diǎn)等。1．todrive考查不定式。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，在句中作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。2．in考查介詞。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處為介詞，意為“以……方式”，故填in。3．sent考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處為謂語動(dòng)詞