語法填空上課講解動詞山東省淄博市淄川區(qū)般陽中學(xué)高考英語

高三英語語法填空專題復(fù)習(xí)

動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)單復(fù)數(shù)

“八字法”：____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____。高考語法填空考點濃縮：動名形副冠介代連有提示詞：名、動、形、副無提示詞：冠、介、代、連（注：人稱代詞有時給出提示詞）有提示詞：動詞

Q1：遇到考試時，短文看不懂，只懂部分單詞，句子不會翻譯，且給出的提示詞是自己不懂的，作為高考生，該怎么辦呢？使用“八字法”，考慮：動、名、形、副；記住它們的位置！位置即用法！不需翻譯！前后兼顧，答案立現(xiàn)!★注意：文章中雙引號內(nèi)的內(nèi)容之時態(tài)無需跟雙引號外文章的主體時態(tài)一致，只跟說話人當時表達的意思有關(guān)！▲討論題1：如何在語法填空題中判斷該空是缺動詞？（即動詞在句子中充當什么成分？）▲討論題2：如何在語法填空題中區(qū)分謂語與非謂語？如是謂語動詞，則體現(xiàn)在動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的考查；如是非謂語動詞，則要區(qū)分主動、進行；被動、完成；或是未做、目的。注意動詞的位置！注意動詞的位置（學(xué)會區(qū)分謂語與非謂語）一般情況下：主語謂語非謂語（主謂之間有時會出現(xiàn)副詞，如：usually,often,always,seldom…）少數(shù)情況下：注意主謂之間有插入成分，如非謂語、介詞短語、定語從句、同位語（從句）主語非謂語謂語非謂語（Doing作主語）謂語……When/Whiledoing…,主語謂語注意動詞的位置（學(xué)會區(qū)分謂語與非謂語）一般情況下：主語謂語非謂語（主謂之間有時會出現(xiàn)副詞，如：usually,often,always,seldom…）少數(shù)情況下：注意主謂之間有插入成分，如非謂語、介詞短語、定語從句、同位語（從句）主語非謂語謂語非謂語（Doing作主語）謂語……When/Whiledoing…,主語謂語謂語?？紩r態(tài)與語態(tài)：do/does一般現(xiàn)在時（注意第三人稱單數(shù)）did一般過去時（注意不規(guī)則動詞變化）am/is/aredone一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)was/weredone一般過去時被動語態(tài)has/havedone現(xiàn)在完成時was/weredoing過去進行時am/is/aredoing現(xiàn)在進行時haddone過去完成時時態(tài)題關(guān)鍵是看時間狀語,也可通過前后其它動詞的時態(tài)，或通過語境確定，要特別注意時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變！非謂語?？夹问剑簍odo/doing/done快速區(qū)分謂語與非謂語

★動詞要考慮及物還是不及物，及物動詞要帶賓，如無賓，則被動！如：requiresbtodosth謂語（主動語態(tài)）berequiredtodosth謂語（被動語態(tài)）；如是非謂語，則去掉be動詞，剩下過去分詞。done（by動作執(zhí)行者）

動

詞后綴例詞-en使變得，使成為……lengthen延長harden使變得堅固strengthen加固-fy使……化satisfy使?jié)M意beautify美化

simplify簡化-ize/ise使……，變成……realize意識到；實現(xiàn)industrialize使工業(yè)化名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞water(n)→water(v)澆水book(n)→book(v)預(yù)訂

handle(n)柄，把手→handle(v)處理，對付形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞cool(adj)涼爽的→cool(v)使冷卻

better(adj)較好的→better(v)改善calm(adj)使鎮(zhèn)定的→calm(v)使鎮(zhèn)定詞形變化一、?？嫉默F(xiàn)在時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時：主語動詞原形……（注意?？键c：當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語s/es）2、現(xiàn)在完成時：主語has/havedone…已經(jīng)做了某事★熟記句型：Itisthefirst/secondtimethat主語has/havedone……這是某人第一次/第二次做某事★Thisisthe形容詞最高級nthat主語has/havedone…★主語has/havedone…since主語動詞過去式……背誦并默寫現(xiàn)在完成時所用的時間詞:since,eversince,recently,lately,sofar,yet,allthisyear,allmylife,ever,never,already,before,just,for一段時間,in/duringthelast//is/aredoing…now正在做二、?？嫉倪^去時態(tài)4、一般過去時：主語動詞過去式……常見的時間狀語如：yesterday,lastwee/month/year,in2018,when,yearsago,then,justnow,etc★熟記句型：Itistimethatsbdidsth“該是……的時候了?！眞ould/hadrathersbdidsth“寧愿某人做某事”5、過去完成時：主語haddone…★熟記句型：Itwasthefirsttimethat主語haddone…這是某人第一次做某事的時候6、過去進行時：主語was/weredoing…whensbdidsth…★表示過去動作發(fā)生先后的句型：“一……就……”①haddonebefore/when一般過去時（后發(fā)生）先發(fā)生②一般過去時（后發(fā)生）after/tillShaddone先發(fā)生③Hardly/ScarcelyhadS1donewhenS2一般過去時S2一……S1就已經(jīng)……NosoonerhadS1donethanS2一般過去時（后發(fā)生）加-ing要雙寫的常見動詞：一個m，兩個d和gswimnod,riddig,beg三個n，四個op,stopsit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,forget,pat,regret,noddingittingittingbeginningming；shuttingoppingrubbingdraggingdiggingcuttinghitting；sittingbidding；grabbinggettingwinning雙寫輔音加ing口訣（此處收錄33個詞）：點頭允許輕拍擁抱；讓人停止啜泣；忘記心煩意亂；后悔計劃退出跑步，承認開始喜歡游泳；關(guān)閉放置浸水設(shè)置；控制指的是禁止發(fā)生抹、擦、拖、挖、剪、撞擊，坐著投標，抓住得贏。★V-ing需雙寫的常見單詞：背誦默寫注意：die,tie,lie的ing形式為dying,tying,lyingAreyoufacingasituationthatloosimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleaneduostoutstandingeamentalcleanuonths．Ittooyearsofwor65________reducetheindustrialaybeyouarefacinganimaybeyouhaveahabit67isdrivingyourfamilycray．uchordon’tnowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse．WhenyoufacesuchanimethingtochangeimmediatelyWhilethereare68amaestoriesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe69changearegradualandrequirealotofeffortandwor,liecleaningupapollutedriver．Justbe70patience．2014年全國卷I語法填空謂語

非謂語

was非謂語熟記句型Ittoo．．．todosth．toreduce不需翻譯！前后兼顧，答案立現(xiàn)!Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI61_________arriveinYangshuojustbeforedawnButIdidn’tcareAfewhours62,I’dbeenathomeinHongong,with63itchoingsmogHere,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerainI’dsiingapanyinHongong,saysit69regulararrangesquicgetawayshereforpeople70_____liveinShanghaiandHongong2015年全國卷I語法填空謂語

非謂語

主句謂語從句謂語was/weredoing…when從句用一般過去時arrived謂語is過去分詞短語作后置定語此處name為動詞，意為“命名”，后面接賓語。本段介紹陽朔景色，用一般現(xiàn)在時。conducted從句謂語living現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語不需翻譯！前后兼顧，答案立現(xiàn)!doneby動作執(zhí)行者【走向高考】Ⅰ單句語法填空1．2016·全國卷ⅢConfuciusbelievedniveswouldremindother________drivetheyoungesYangshuoasoneofthetoainggreateffortstorunaway,she________falloverthehillanddied6．2015·廣東卷Hesoldorechangedsomeofthemilinthetownsnearbyforotherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat________leave．7．2014·全國卷ⅡThenthedriverstoodupandased，“________anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop？”werewasworingdroveisfellwasleftDid8．2014·廣東卷We___________tellthatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatwee,butfortheweeafter9．2017·廣東佛山二模In2006,I________feelIneededanewchallengesoIdecidedtotaeafilmmaingcourse10．2017·河北It'struethatourfuture_____________determinebymanythings11．2017·遼寧Whenwegothome,shewasfineeceewastechemicals________alsandfish13．2017·浙江AccordingtoCharleseeling,theamountofcarbondioide________increaseshare,thebedroomsandnowI________sitbyoneintheitchen15．2017·湖南OnAasandhisfriendfinally____________establishwhatiscurrentlynownasthefirstschoolfordeafpeople

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